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Thuc Kjetil GNT
Thuc Kjetil GNT
Instability Monitoring
D. T. Duong and K. Uhlen
G. N. Taranto
S. Lvlund
Statnett
Alta, Norway
I.
INTRODUCTION
ZTh
IL
ETh
ZL
ISI
ZTh
ZL
ZL2
5+j50 (W
#3
Line 1
#2
G2
Line 2
40MW+5MVAr
(1)
, (2)
2
2 imag ZTh cos real ZTh sin
ZL1
9+j90 (W
#1
G1
Smax
Output active
power of G2
Peak power
(MVA)
Load impedance
(Ohm)
5
10
20
71.47
75.25
80.94
75.85
73.9
67.34
G1
P23
jXP
Q23
jXQ
300
80
VP
Impedance (Ohm)
#1
#3
ZL1
9+j90 (W
VQ
Line 1
Load Z
Thevenin Z
ZL1||ZL2
Load power
200
60
Power (MVA)
100
40
40MW+5MVAr
0
Vn
(3)
R 2 X P2
Xp
Vn2
2 Pmax
(4)
jXP
Pmax
Vn
XQ
Vn2
Qmax
10
20
30
40
20
50
Time (s)
I
Pmax
Power
system
(5)
#2
Large
generators
25
Impedance (pu)
Main transmission
400kV system
20
15
10
5
Display indicators
Release early warning and take
mitigating actions
V.
TEST CASES
10
15
20
25
Time (s)
30
35
40
45
0.11
0.1
Power (pu)
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.06
Smax - CT method
Smax - topology-based
Load
0.05
0.04
10
15
20
25
30
Time (s)
35
40
45
50
Norway
Sweden
Hasle
Impedance (Ohm)
80
Load
ZTh
XTh
60
40
20
0
50
100
150
200
250
Time (s)
300
350
400
Figure 11. Measured and estimated impedance during load increase. ZTh
(blue curve) is the magnitude of the Thevenin impedance obtained by the
Topology-based method, and XTh (red) is the impedance obtained by the
measurement-based CT method.
4500
Load
4000
Smax1
3500
3000
2500
2000
50
100
150
200
250
Time (s)
300
350
400
Figure 10. The corridor between the southern part of Norway and Sweden.
Impedance (Ohm)
100
80
Load
ZTh - CT method
ZTh - topology-based
60
40
20
100
200
300
400
500
600
Time (s)
700
800
900
1000
IN DISTURBANCE CONDITION
Impedance (Ohm)
200
ZTh - topology-base
Load
ZTh - CT method
150
6000
7000
8000
[3]
Voltage (kV)
430
[4]
420
[5]
410
[6]
400
390
[7]
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Time (s)
1000
800
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
Time (s)
6000
7000
8000
6000
7000
8000
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
380
1200
[2]
4000
5000
Time (s)
1400
50
3000
1600
VI.
100
2000
1800
[1]
1000
2000
Figure 16. Power transferred on the corridor during the disturbance period.
2200