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Aim and Methodology Mario Krstovic06.10.2016 PDF
Aim and Methodology Mario Krstovic06.10.2016 PDF
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Expected results
1. Identification of the system operating modes, energy/exergy flows and operational/design
measures that can improve the energy efficiency.
2. An integrated model for simulating the ship energy systems/components for testing the
proposed operational/design measures to improve energy efficiency.
3. List of attractive design retrofits for improving energy efficiency.
4. Proposal for the system settings resulting in optimal energy efficiency during operation.
5. Develop a scientific methodology that can be used for energy efficiency improvement in
various ship types.
6. Set of open questions for further research.
7. Economic feasibility study of the proposed operational/design measures.
Methodology
The following methodology will be applied to satisfy the aim and objectives of this PhD research. The
research process is divided in five major groups consisted of subtasks.
1. Literature review.
In literature review it has been done the identification of ship machinery system gaps and possible
improvements.
2. Preliminary analyse of available Aramex tanker ship machinery system and operational data.
2.1. Available data classification: ship machinery data and operating profiles.
2.2. System energy/exergy calculation to identify optimisation potential.
2.3 Case studies definition according to the operation profile.
2.4. Identification of best modelling approach of components interconnections and operational data
to satisfy different case studies and optimisation techniques.
2.5. Models accuracy needed related to the level of precision looked-for to satisfy the optimisation
requirements.
3. Modelling.
The modelling process is consisted of five main stages: modelling planning part developing ship
machinery system, operational demand model, optimisation module and their interconnection in to
one simulation platform.
3.1. Modelling prediction is necessary for development of prebuilt methodology of interconnections
between: individual models, subsystems, ship machinery system, operational data model and the
optimisation module in to simulation platform.
3.2. Individual ship machinery components, operational data and optimisation module models
development and validation.
3.4. Development of ship subsystems from individual ship machinery components and their infusion
in to ship machinery system with all the necessary interconnections.
3.5. Ship operation demand model developed from single operational demand models.
3.3. Ship machinery system models, operation demand model and optimisation platform integration
in to simulation platform capable of representing ship system behaviour in different operational
conditions.
3.5. Simulation platform validation.
4. Case studies.
In this PhD research the classification of ambient conditions related to the geographic latitude will
be taken since of the ship operation and energy improvements depend on the operational demand
of the ship. Ship operation life time will be taken in to consideration in each of the case studies.
4. Optimisation.
Optimisation is performed for different case studies to give and grade the set of available energy
efficiency (fuel consumption reduction) techniques. Optimisation is consisted of few stages:
4.1. Sensitivity analyses to define the importance of energy machinery parameters on fuel
consumption improvement and reduction of emissions.
4.2. Application of design operational improvements to improve system performance related to fuel
oil consumption and exhaust gas emissions reduction.
4.3. Different optimisation techniques (design and operational) study related to different case
studies and operational conditions.
4.4. Development of optimisation graduation algorithms for different ship operation ambient
conditions and loads.
Modelling process is very important part of this PhD thesis and it will be in detail explained in thesis.
The overall modelling approach depends on model precision needed and depends greatly on case
studies applied.
In scientific practice the models can be classified as:
Analytical /Empirical;
White box/Black box;
Continuous,
discrete models;
3D; 2D; 1D; 0 Dimensional models.
Physically models are classified as:
First principle models;
Look-up table models;
Transfer function models.
Two types of models will be used in this PhD thesis:
1. Models explaining ship performance behaviour:
1a. Operation conditions models defining the operation demand (power and energy type (electric,
propulsion, heat, etc.) in time.
b) Energy transformation defining performance of individual components, subsystems and whole
ship machinery system.
2. Optimisation module models defining the set of optimisation techniques, functions, and
classification of effectiveness of previously mentioned.
System modelling approach:
Modelling approach is defining the application of used models and is determined by needs, case
studies and optimisation scenarios.
Modelling approach is optimising the research time by defining the optimal models detail level in a
way that research goals are satisfied.
Three types of modelling approaches usually used in research:
MacroscopicMesoscopicMicroscopic:
In my PhD thesis I will use Mesoscopic approach. Mesoscopic approach shortly is defined as a
combination of detailed and less detailed models. Less important parts of the Machinery System will
be defined as black box models while more important parts will be modelled as first principle models
or transfer function models.
Less complicated models: look up tables and transfer function models are used for control
optimisation purpose and for describing the parts of the optimisation platform that will not be
Applied approach combines two types of models black box model with white box models (first
principle models, white box models). Black box models represent energy consumers and energy
supplier (transformers) taking in to account energy consumers which are not optimised and not
important for particular case study. White box models (first principle and transfer function models)
represent the models which are the object of optimisation in particular case study.
Optimisation:
When the models will be developed the set of optimisation measures will be built in to them and
they will be tested by optimisation unit which will be developed.
Optimisation method that will be used is defined as simulation method, meaning that different case
studies will be incorporated in one system machinery platform and compared afterwards.
The optimisation algorithms that will be used will depend on a complexity of case studies and
number of cost functions needed to be optimised. Least complicated optimisation able of
performing optimisation will be used. Different optimisation methods will be used to analyse the
optimisation precision. According to the optimisation specialists all available algorithms should give
similar results, meaning that double algorithm will give the proof that used optimisation algorithms
are correct. Algorithms that will be used in research are: Gradient Descent Method, Newton
method, Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimisation.
The main idea is to develop the modelling platform which will be able to easily support the changes
in operation demands and satisfy modelling needs of different ship types. Meaning that, the models
and optimisation algorithms will be developed as a good optimisation ground for optimisation of
other ship types. Models of system inputs/outputs that need to be developed are given in power
point graft called: 2. modelling of components & Systems with set of Measures.
Gantt chart
GANTT CHART
2016
Tasks:
1 Modelling
1.1 Heating Balance
1.2 Main Engine
1.3 Operating Conditions
1.4 Auxiliary engine
1.5 Heating tank & Ventilation system
1.6 Ceramic heat exchanger
1.7 Modelling of main engine cooling system
1.8 Awqith
1.9 Model verification
1.10 Integration of models
Optimisation for different
2
case studies
Development of
2.1
optimisation algorithms
2.2 Optimisation of operating paramers
2.3 Design retrofits
3 Writing
3.1 Passive writing
3.2 Highly active writing
2017
Third Year of PhD
October November December January February
March
April
May
June
July
August September
3.005 3.01 3.015 3.02 3.025 3.03 3.035 3.04 3.045 3.05 3.055 3.06 3.065 3.07 3.075 3.08 3.085 3.09 3.095 3.10 3.105 3.11 3.115 3.12
3.005 3.01 3.015
3.02 3.025
3.03 3.035
3.04
3.04 3.045
3.05 3.055
3.06 3.065
3.07 3.075
3.005 3.01 3.015 3.02 3.025 3.03 3.035 3.04 3.045 3.05 3.055 3.06 3.065 3.07 3.075
3.005 3.01 3.015 3.02 3.025 3.03 3.035 3.04 3.045 3.05 3.055 3.06 3.065 3.07 3.075
b)
1.8. Some WHR systems are already made but their modifications will take time to
combine with other sources of energy sources instead of exhaust gasses.