General Linear Model

Real Life

Up to now, in all of our ANOVA examples, we have dealt with

only one output and the input parameter was also one. For
example:
Output

Input

Levels of
Input

Height of the
WM tub

Mould

Rosa
Mares

Cycle time

Press

A
B
C

Amount Insured

Form

Old
New

But in real life this is seldom the case and we kow that there are
more than one inputs to every process.
Statistics should be able to find solutions to this situation....
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Recap on the Catapult Exercise

In the Regression chapter, you analysed the effect
of angle on the distance the ball travels.
After you have knocked down the outer walls,
you have been faced with inner walls; thus your
new target is to knock these down. Since the new
target is 110 cm away, you know that it will not
be possible to reach this distance only by
readjusting the throw angle.
You will have to work with changing other
parametres on the catapult. The new parametres
are:
Band position
Arm position

Levels for the Parametres

Levels for all parametres are as follows:
Angle (7 levels): 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180
Band position (3 levels): 1, 2, 3
Arm position (2 levels): 1, 3

In total, the number of combinations to be tried out

is:
7 x 3 x 2 = 42
We want to be certain on the repeatibility of the
results so we will repeat each combination two
times and take their measurements. This means in
total we will have 84 measurements.

Data is recorded in catapult_glm.mtw

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General Linear Model

Inputs and their interactions
can be influential on the
output. In order to get this
information, you can use
General Linear Model.
Output: Distance

The factors and interaction

we think are influential on
the Distance

Interaction Plots
Interaction Plot (data means) for Distance
1

120 130 140 150 160 170 180

120

80
Band position

Band
position
1
2
3

40
120

80
Arm position

Arm
position
1
3

40

Angle

By looking at this graph, can you decide what levels the factors
should be set in order to hit the target? Can you hit the target?
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What should the levels of the factors be

in order to hit the target?

In order to record the fitted values of the model, you can use the
following procedures:

What should the levels of the factors be

in order to hit the target?

Checking for the Assumptions of the Model

Residual Plots for Distance
Normal Probability Plot of the Residuals

Residuals Versus the Fitted Values

99,9

10

90

Residual

Percent

99

50
10

5
0
-5

-10

0,1

-10

-5

0
Residual

10

30

Histogram of the Residuals

60
90
Fitted Value

120

Residuals Versus the Order of the Data

10

Residual

Frequency

20
15
10

5
0
-5

-10

0
-8

-4

0
Residual

10

20

30
40 50
60
Observ ation Order

70

80

Exercise : Shortening Cycle Times

Data: C:\\ lccycle.mtw
Instructions: In export sales, the transaction with letter of
credit (LC) applications require long cycle times. This
results in high inventory costs and disturbs the cash flow.
What are the rasons of long cycle times?
Data was collected on cycle time of 48 transactions with LC and customer,
country, shipping documents, if there was a need for amendment in
documents. Analyse the Minitab worksheet.

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