Chapter 3—Vectors MULTIPLE CHOICE Instructions: On occasion, the notation A = [4, 6] will be a shorthand notation for A= Acos+Asing. 1 1A 15,807 ad Bo 124 - 16}, what is the magnitude of A- B? a 15 eee eS egQol 4 1 sinGos — EG 30 eae Cos 8O- (2\ 7% 4 Useingout6\t Set We fy seaste- OS® (esinge 16 )* ANS: C DIF: Average 2. Veotors A and B are shown, What is the magnitude of a vector ae C-A-& * ORE At A Rind P-Re deo Teaher -@ 2 Cron tee aod of yecker BR | Ane et HR-2K8 Cee 60 Note iA clas we Gove ceases 6 cy PTS: DIF: Average 3. A= 121-16 as 24] + 10}, what is the magnitude of the vector © = 24 - B? ne Pa 2 Cot r69)\ - rat ra) = = 2AC- BP rAC 0 4 = 4gt_425 4 eB Vole (Qa, Care ANS: C PTS: 2 DIF: Average 4. fA 12i- 16j and = 24+ 10), whatio the detion of he vector C= 2h- Br Se ico oe aA -32 Fa 20~ OF = 90° HAgtL42. _ oat - AR ‘2'\ 4. 449° 42$ tang: ag o& Aon Cag e 421° aye ANS: B PTS: 2 DIF: Average 5. IfG=[10 m, 30°] and I= [25 m, 130°], what is the magnitude of the sum of these two vectors? ‘ a) 4 Wetaied Ve 06 CHW SinBoT, DE Woe C4 Msinrzeh ° ° x peas is ° e+e Cousté Ces W)C QOS ZG + BSim weltfoe ————— : (ea Ve (otssoerces te (usinzeazgsiaad® 20m b. 35m Sm 225 m 50m ANS: D PTs: 2 DIF: Average 6. IfC=[10 m, 30°] and B= (25 m, 130°], what is the direction of the sum of these two vectors? air Yee olen S aie = wy \o eae Ty auc’ ( SO SB ROR PS Sinth0 d. 163° if Lotestorrs Gs Bo e 100° ANS: C PTS: 2 DIF: Average 7. vector, B, when added to the vector © = 37+ +4) yields a resultant vector which is in the positive y direction and has a a equal to that of C. What is the magnitude of B? y 32 a Pacts 28 By sirats Ast ae stds SP, Px _ata5 es \B\= SORT ue ANS: A PTS: 2 DIF: Average 8, If'vector Bis added to vector A, the result is 61+, If B is subtracted from A, the result is ~4i + 7). ‘What is the magnitude of A? a Sl aa Ou 6 See ee ed 4 d. 58 re ee 28. fe Rena 6 = TR ANS: B PTS: 2 DIF: Average 9. 1£E= [2.5 em, 80°], ic, the magnitude and direction of € are 2.5 om and 80°, B= [3.5 em, 120°], and B= B- ey What is the direction of E (tothe nearest degree)? a UT 2 a. 6 Cosiol 435 Sia nol = 2( 2.5 Os 80 Cuts singe’) | ene a6 Gs 10 5 Os Go) CARE Sin 126 -TSiagol FT ee an Se a. BS Sin We Sin Be 34.92 _-109 tire pore eOr -s\4q5—0- = 2.61 atengine ge ee We K-OKS is subtracted from ©, the result is 51+ 4). ANS: D PIs: * 10. Ifvector Gis added to veetor By the result i What is the direction of B (othe neve, dares)? kD Sake 4h © 230° VB = BCR 4G sulstvack 2) BE Be Nt “5ny Ve Kal | 4. 236° ae aenieiee e 2 ng $< Bo = 278 ANS: B Ps: 2 DIF: Average 11. A vector Ais added to B = 61-2]. The resultant veetor is in the positive x direction and has a magnitude equal to A. What is the magnitude of A? a eulae a ! Bvb es Desk -B5 aoe OVC OY BF dean Ay My-Beo, Ayabedniany ar PHVB Aeat3. KafesQy Redd 202ANS: A. PIs: 2 DIF: Average 16.. Starting from one oasis, a camel walks 25 km in a direction 30° south of west and then walks 30 km toward the north to a second oasis. What distance separates the two oases? Gere fam Ge ASiv Vo a Bra Getto @ skim BUA B = 5 ANS: PTS: 2 DIF: Average 17. so, from one oasis, a camel walks 25 km in a direction 30° south of west and then walks 30 km foward the north to a second oasis. What is the direction from the first oasis to the second oasis? met Getaad | fa 21°NofW fb 39°WofN 69° NofW ~ a J srewon = 1G00+625 2GASCS \esire 42° WofN < 1G tm ANS: D| PTS: 3 DIF: Challeng Instructions: On occasion, the notation A= [4, 6] will be a shorthand notation for Ke Acos G+ Asin G. Exhibit 3-1 TThe three forces shown act on a particle. 650N 3000 —— 2008 Use this exhibit to answer the following question(s). 18, Refer to Exhibit 3-1. What is the magnitude of the resultant of these three forces? a. 27.0N ¥; 65 bos 20 — 30 -2OSinz© = (9 ASN eeiedN Fy! bSsinro - 28 320.2 3 gon d FR \ GF Press c en D\capr cepts OCB I=IP 5 ct ig Cafe y y prs: 2 pe saeae Ke Instructions: On occasion, the notati , 6) will be a shorthand notation for Kx Acos + Asin Exhibit 3-2 A child starts at one comer of a cubical jungle gym in a playground and climbs up to the diagonally opposite corner. The original comer is the coordinate origin, and the x, y and z axes are oriented along the jungle gym edges. The length of each side is 2 m. \\ / y Mi N iN Mt i) scan OXY, YAVAWAY VVVVV IN ) AY ONY SANK WY K KX <] \AW We Use this exhibit to answer the following question(s). ro Exhibit 3-2. The child's displacement is: Fat ye 2+ aj + ake > elo ~e TAQ ~O Serre =(r-o\t 2842.8) +2 a-G ole «b- ce. 22h 23k a2 Art SO 4. 254254356 35i43.5j+ 35k ANS: A PTs: 1 DIF: Easy Refer to Exhibit 3-2. What is the child’s distance from her starting p tae wa ky 2 VEAP cof@asn 6.0m a 69m e 120m ANS: B PTS: 2 DIF: Average Instructions: On occasion, the notation A= [4, ] will be a shorthand notation for K- Acos G+ Asing. 23. The displacement ofthe tip of the 10 cm Jong minute hand of a clock between 12:15 A.M. and 12:45 PM. is: & 10-em, 90° b. 10m, 180° 10 em, 4 500° C4720 cm, 180° 20 cm, 540° ANS: D PIs: 1 DIE: Easy 24, A student decides to spend spring break by driving 50 miles due east, then 50 miles 30 degrees south of cast, then 50 miles 30 degrees south of that direction, and to continue to drive 50 miles deviating by 30 degrees each time until he returns to his original position, How far will he drive, and how many vectors must he sum to calculate his displacement? a 0,0 b. 08 0,12 d_400 mi, 8 1600 mi, 12 ANS: E PIs: 2 DIF: Average eee eevee gee eee = in beens © R Gen 25, Given that A+ 28 = xi+y,] and 2A-B= x,i+y,j, what is A? expen Bh ie eee a sBralend toe Aes (nean}ies (enh as 5 ar -tanmiedoi-ml Bea eee | : Aeslovetadieg (142) te 2a Regs) = weed d . Red (neen)isd ison} gre = xe, Saket srgot 3 Rat are)iS(m-mi RL QaewllsL Qed’ ANS: A PIS: 2 DIF: penal b ©. 4 e. 26. Given that A+B = xf+y,jand A- B-aisyah wien, * Red lann)ied (noni a Kae =ut ya bgt yi © R-PeK YF | Rel Genyied bi-n)i 2 PRK SAT | Eel ebay sa ye |27, 28, 29, 30. io ANS: D PTS: 2 DIF: Average Sp tts Babee A-B EB m ing or-o9 Ree aCe, I & Bel Genie Oi R-B= Kl AT -LG-m)ied Ooi eo AS ionky what is B? to * Hel em)ied Qin) Web Cu-eder ge beds iv © BL on) ANS: A Pr: 2 DIF; Average The diagram below shows 3 vectors which sum to zero, all of equal length. Which statement below is true? qe —— ZA : : ~EoOy ached ‘Cc ADP AK a ws ee AS AeB-2-3 AtB-BOC. 4-B-2A-¢ A-B=24+€ 2A+ 2B = 2€ ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy Which statement is true about the unit vectors i, j and ke? Their directions are defined by a left-handed coordinate system. The angle between any two is 90 degrees. Each has a length of 1 m. & If is directed east and jis directed south, & points up out ofthe surface €. All of the above. ANS: B PIS: I DIF: Easy ‘Vectors A and # have equal magnitudes. Which statement is always true? a A+B-0A- Bis perpendicular to A+B. B~ Ais perpendicular to A- B. ‘The magnitude of A ~ B cquals the magnitude of A+ B. ai ANS: C PIs: 3 DIF: Challenging 31. When three ree woe ed head to tail, the vector sum A+ B+ € = 0. Ifthe vectors a 30° b. 60° 7 as we 120° ~ 150° Re ANS: D PIs: 1 DIF: Easy Tastruetions: On occasion, the notation A= [4,6] will be a shorthand notation for Ke Acos a+ Asing. Exhibit 3-3 ‘The vectors A, B, and € are shown below. Use this exhibit to answer the following question(s). 52, Refer to Exhibit 3-3. Which diagram below correctly represents A+ B+ G2 a. y fi y 6 6 4 ‘ 2 2 aj2zue y e 6 4 2 apesAverage ly represents A- B+ 207 a. i 2 os 7 Rae i di ; aa k : Ae eile RAKE f2 ie c. y s ‘ i ANS: B PIS: 2 DIF: xhibit 3-3. Which diagram below correcth y é 2 4 x para) b y e = x ayes c. y 6 ‘ 2 —taet alias ANS: A PTs: 2 DIF: Instructions: On occasion, the notation A= [4, 6] will be a shorthand notation for Ku Acos&+Asing Exhibit 3-4 The diagram below shows the path taken by a sailboat tacking sideways because it cannot sail directly into the wind, Use this exhibit to answer the following question(s) 34, Refer to Exhibit 3-4. The total distance it travels is, ae ed oth 2 po00m (4) = Joao wn is =a. 1000m. b, 1732m. e. 2000. dF 298m, e.” 8 000 m. “ANS: E PIs: 1 DIF: Easy 35. Refer to Exhibit BC, CD and DE, is, ‘The total displacement of the sailboat, the vector sum of its displacements OB, a. 1732m, Bast : Seige b._2.000 m, Northeast. Aisza comerk eX g— Ke © B76 298 m, East. = 6298" ~ 4. 8000 m, Southeast ©. 8 000m, East. = 6 Oe ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy Instructions: On occasion, the notation A = [4, 6] will be a shorthand notation for Ax Acos G+ Asin. 36. Dana says any vector R can be represented as the sum of two vectors: R= A+ B. Ardis says any vector R can be represented as the difference of two vectors: R= A-B. Which one, if either, is correct? a. They are both wrong: every vector is unique. b. Dana is correct: Any vector can be represented as sum of components and not as @ difference, = 6. Ardis is correct: Any vector can be represented as a difference of vector components and not as @ sum. ‘ow are both correct: A difference of vectors is asum R= A+ (—B). e. They are both wrong: Vectors can be moved as long as they keep the same magnitude and direction. ANS: D PTS: 2 DIF: Average 37. The vector A has components +5 and +7 along the x and y axes respectively. Along a set of axes rotated 90 deprees counterclockwise relative to the orginal axes, the vectors componens are -7;-5. 2 te 75-5. 4/3 5 Kk Ra % > Lip k 415; a «70, ANS: B PTs: 1 DIF: “Sinn by oF Gkecedanrse 38. Anthony has added the vectors listed below and gotten the result R= 91.4 4j + 6i. What errors has he eet = a 48 Ke sisaj- st Rxd aCe Re AT 4 weHe lost the minus sign in vector B. >. He read the 2k in Cas 3k © He lost the minus sign in vector A. é Allof the above are correct. Only (@) and (b) above are correct. ANS: PTS: 2 DIF: Average 39._Given the statement that A B -~A+ €, what can we conclude? Pe Aand B= A -Band-A=A &e- one of the answers above is correct ou (@) and (b) may be correct @ D PIs: 2 DIF: Average | 40. Adding vectors A and B by the graphical method gives the same result for A+ Band B+. if both | additions are done graphically from the same origin, the resultant is the vector that goes from the tail | of the first vector to the tip of the second vector, i.e it is represented by a diagonal of the parallelogram formed by showing both additions in the same figure. Note that « parallelogram has 2 diagonals. Keara says thatthe sum of two vectors by the parallelogram method is R~ Si Shamu says itis R= 144]. Both used the parallelogram method, but one used the wrong. diagonal. W Which one of the vector pairs below contains the original two vectors? a Ka-3f-2f, B=-2i-@ Rtesk 4 ga vi © >’ Kea+3i-2j Be-ai+2j Ro ia KR ce Ke-3i-2B-12+9 AKRS CAT a co a Aa a3i-2j, Be +2i- 2 card Res Co ier Baea e = Nis: E PIS: 3 DIF: Challenging | = B= [B|, the sum A+ B satisties 41. Given two non-zero vectors, A and B, such that [A C)os|h+a] <24 tesing webbed | B oefkeden teyte PRONAZP OS 2 (rata Oo) & aslA+Bl son =a a (acese) & a <[AeB| con \ << ense Sh Caso os|A+B] aa PAT ee oe (RAP Vezh SOA ANS: A PTS: DIF: Average 42, The vector A has components +5 and +7 along the x and y axes respectively. If the vector is now rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise relative to the original axes, the vector's components are nowa 75. a 7:0. ANS: PTs: 1 DI Easy 43. The rectangular coordinates of a point are (5.00, ) and the polar coordinates of this point are (r, 67.4°). What is the value of the pols ‘coordinate rin this case? a 192 a renee ae Ce cig? = (astqt stows sr - 3 bo ay > (254 Gte F 4)* = \ ‘More information is needed. | ANS: D PTS: 2 DIF: Average 44, In what quadrant are both the sine and tangent negative? v band fine 3rd -* DK Ths cannot happen. don | ANS: D PTs: 1 DIF: Easy “3 PROBLEM 45. Two vectors starting at the same origin have equal and opposite + components. Is it possible for the two vectors to be perpendicular to each other? Justify your answer. ANS: Yes. Ifthe y components are of the right magnitudes, the angle can be 90 degrees. (This will occur if = G+ F and A= Bian 6.) | PIS: 3 DIF: Challenging 46. A vector starts at Sot ae 4.0) and ends at coordinate (2.0, 16.0). What are the magnitude and | dizection of this vector? C2-a)ee Q6- 4a\F = 6 eyed | IAN Et (Rvs ‘isa 2 WG =13-0m | 13.0 m, 113 ae at ME ; g tos" C2) y iskve oweh X is ve | PTS: 2 DIF: Average ~ thas ta te ott cqucdeak 47. What two vectors are each the same magnitude as and perpendicular to Ti + 24]? sO ANS: . 241 + 7j and 24f- 7. PTS: 3 DIF: Challenging