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Lower Limb Anatomy (For SIT Students) : Dr. Et Ang, Nus 21 Nov 2016
Lower Limb Anatomy (For SIT Students) : Dr. Et Ang, Nus 21 Nov 2016
Limb Anatomy
(For SIT students)
Lower Limb
Bones and joints
Muscles
Nerves and vessels
Public angle?
pubic
Lateral dimensions?
pubic tubercle
greater trocha
Acetabulum
Pelvic fracture #
Proximal
aspect of the
femur
Distal
aspect
of the
femur
Proximal
aspect of
the
bula.
Bones
in the
foot
Where is the ASIS? AIIS?
How would you characterize the SIJ?
Management
Bones and Joints # NOF
X-Ray
Bone scan
MRI
Knee joint
The PCL is the strongest ligament
about the knee and is
approximately twice as strong as
the ACL.
PCL ruptures are uncommon
apparently due to its strong bre
structure.
Hip joint
cadaveric specimens
Lower Limb
Bones and joints
Muscles
Nerves and vessels
Mock OSPE
Quadriceps femoris
What is so special about rectus femoriss funcKon?
Pes Anserinus
Hamstrings
Triceps Surae
Human Gait
Gait analysis
Ini%al Contact
The beginning of the stance phase that occurs when the foot touches the ground.
Loading Response
Corresponds to the amount of Kme between iniKal contact and the beginning of the swing phase for the other leg.
Midstance
Corresponds to the point in stance phase when the other foot is o the oor unKl the body is directly over the stance
limb.
Terminal Stance
Begins when the stance limb's heel rises and ends when the other foot touches the ground.
Pre-swing
Begins when the other foot touches the ground and ends when the stance foot reaches toe o.
Ini%al Swing
Begins when the stance foot liks from the oor and ends with maximal knee exion during swing.
Midswing
Begins with maximal knee exion during swing and ends when the Kbia is perpendicular with the ground.
Terminal Swing
Begins when the Kbia is perpendicular to the oor and ends when the foot touches the ground.
Lower Limb
Bones and joints
Muscles
Nerves and vessels
Arterial vessels
Venous vessels
Supercial
Deep
Review of Clinical Signs
Series Editor: Frank L. Urbano, MD
Venae comitantes
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
John Homans (18771954) was an American surgeon who studied peripheral vascular disease at Peter
Bent Brigham Hospital (Boston, MA) and Harvard
University (Cambridge, MA), where he later became
Professor of Surgery. He also authored a popular textbook, which went through 4 printings, based on the
Harvard surgical education course.2 In 1938, Homans
wrote a now famous article on thrombophlebitis, which
described the causes of thrombosis and the varieties of
thrombophlebitis.3 He followed this with another noted
HOMANS SIGN:
Elicitation: With the knee in the flexed position, forcibly dorsiflex the ankle.
Response: Pain in the calf with this maneuver may be
consistent with the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis.
www.turner-white.com
Func%onal anatomy
Hip Movements-
Muscles- InnervaKons
Root levels
Knee Movements-
Muscles- InnervaKons
Root levels
Ankle Movements-
Muscles- InnervaKons
Root levels
Toes Movements-
Muscles- InnervaKons
Root levels
Lympha%c vessels
Lymphodema
Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
SciaKc nerve
(Tibial component)
SciaKc nerve
(Common bular
component)
Popliteal fossa
What are
the borders
of the
femoral
triangle?
QuesKons
&
Thank you