TRK NOMOR 9

9. In order to study the photochemical decay of aqueous bromine in bright sunlight, a small
quantity of liquid bromine was dissolved in a water contained in a glass battery jar and
placed in direct sunlight. The following data were obtained at 25C :

Time (min)

10

20

30

40

50

60

Ppm Br2

2.45

1.74

1.23

0.88

0.62

0.44

a. Determine wether the reaction rate is zero, first, or second order in bromine, and
calculate the reaction rate constant in units of your choice.
b. Assuming identical exposure conditions, calculate the required hourly rate of
injection of bromine (in pounds) into a sunlight body of water, 25,000 gal in volume,
in order to maintain a sterilizing level of bromine of 1.0 ppm.
c. What experimental conditions would you suggest if you were to obtain more data ?
Answer :
Rx

A Products

a. Determine the reaction rate order and reaction rate constant !

Asumsi :
V konstan
Reaksi homogen dan terjadi dalam batch
General Mole Balance :
dCA
=r A =k C A
dt
dCA
=k C A
dt

k
( A)+ ln (C A )
d C A
ln
=ln
dt

Data yang diperlukan :

t (min)

10

10

10

10

10

A
ppm)
C

0.71

0.51

0.35

0.26

0.18

C A ppm
(
)
t
min

0.071

0.051

0.035

0.026

0.018

d C A
Metode Grafik untuk menentukan
dt

Br2
0.08
0.07
f(x) = - 0x + 0.09
R = 0.96

0.06
0.05
ppm / min

0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
15

20

25

30

35

40

Time (min)

45

50

55

60

65

Data yang diperlukan :

d C A ppm
(
)
dt
min
ln(

C A
)
t

ln(C A )

0.081

0.061

0.043

0.03

0.0215

0.014

-2.501

-2.797

-3.169

-3.507

-3.84

-4.269

0.896

0.554

0.207

-0.128

-0.478

-0.821

Metode Grafik hubungan ln (CA) dengan ln (dCA/dt) :

Br2
-1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

0
-0.2
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5

ln (dCA/ dt)

-2
-2.5
f(x) = 1.02x - 3.39
-3
R = 1
-3.5
-4
-4.5

ln (CA)

Berdasarkan grafik diatas didapatkan persamaan garis :

y=1.0242 x3.3866
dimana :

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

k
( A )
ln

( ddtC )= ln ( C )+ln
A

Sehingga dapat diketahui :

1

Berdasarkan nilai 1 , maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa reaksi terjadi pada orde 1
Nilai ln (kA) dapat dicari menggunakan regresi linear, maka :
ln k = - 3.397
k = 0.034 min-1
b. Calculate the required hourly rate of injection of bromine (in pounds) !
Diketahui :
Volume : 25,000 gal

rA : 1 ppm

Asumsi :
pemaparan dilakukan pada kondisi yang serupa
Mencari nilai F
CA=

FA
V

F A =C A V
F A =kr A V

FA=

0.034
min
mg
1 gr
lbs
3.7851 l
60
1

25000 gal
min
hr
l
1000mg 453.6 gr
gal

F A =0.425

lbs
hr

c. What experimental conditions would you suggest to obtain more data ?

- Meningkatkan nilai konsentrasi awal (CAO)
- Menambahkan lama waktu reaksi (t)
- Memberikan variasi nilai volume (V)
- Memasukan nilai konversi (X) dengan berbagai variasi