How do substrate

concentration and pH
affect enzyme- controlled
reactions?
Name: Nguyen Minh Tuan - Mike (sobinmike25@gmail.com)
Partners name: Tram,Lucas, Jacky
Date: November 13, 2016
Honor code: On my honor, I have neither received nor given any unauthorized aid on this
assignment.

INTRODUCTION
Lactase is a protein that acts as an enzyme which helps speed up specific biological process. It is
a primarily a digestive enzyme. It is important because it function in the body is to break down a
type of sugar called lactose ( in milk and other dairy products).

DATA
Amount of substrate

pH3

pH5

pH7

pH9

pH11

0.5g

19

39

72

45

24

1.0g

39

81

145

91

49

2.0g

82

168

300

189

103

4.0g

96

196

350

223

121

8.0g

96

198

350

223

121

AFFECTION OF SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION AND PH ON ENZYME - CONTROLLED REACTIONS

pH3
pH5
pH7
Number of Molecules of Product formed per minute

pH9
pH11

DISCUSSION

The relationship between substrate concentration and the initial reaction rate of an
enzyme catalyzed reaction is if this adding more substance from the enzymes, the more
products are being formed. This is a linear relationship.
The maximum initial reaction rate for the lactase enzyme at pH7 is 350x10^6 molecules/
minute.

The maximum initial reaction rate cannot be reached at low lactose concentrations
because there is not enough substrate for the reaction to reaches the maximum initial rate.
My data indicated about the optimum pH level for this lactase catalyzed reaction that
the highest activity of enzymes is at pH7.
The temperature regulating mechanisms in organisms is very important. The enzymes
activity decrease or increase base on the temperature. Also, enzyme can become denature
if the temperature is too high. Therefore, temperature have to be correct. If not, the
process will appear damaged in the active site.
A special consideration the producer of this product needs to be concerned about is that
the lactase should make a pH 7 because this is the normal stage. The lactose will not
work if it is a lower (base) or higher ( acid) pH than 7.