Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Motivational Theories
Motivational Theories
Motivational Theories
Instinct
Incentive
Theory of Motivation
Drive
Theory of Motivation
(Stimulus)
Humanistic
based on the idea that people also have strong cognitive reasons to
perform various actions. This is famously illustrated in Abraham
Maslow's hierarchy of needs which presents different motivations at
different levels.
Expectancy
Theory of Motivation
- suggests that when we are thinking about the future, we formulate different
expectations about what we think will happen. When we predict that there will
most likely be a positive outcome, we believe that we are able to make that
possible future a reality.
Maslow's
hierarchy of needs is a
theory in psychology proposed by
Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper
"A Theory of Human Motivation" in
Psychological Review.
Maslow subsequently extended the
idea to include his observations of
humans' innate curiosity.
Maslows
DEPRIVATION NEEDS
The first four levels are considered deficiency or
deprivation needs (D-needs) in that their lack of
satisfaction causes a deficiency that motivates people to
meet these needs. Physiological needs, the lowest level
on the hierarchy, include necessities such as air, food,
and water. These tend to be satisfied for most people,
but they become predominant when unmet. During
emergencies, safety needs such as health and security
rise to the forefront. Once these two levels are met,
belongingness needs, such as obtaining love and
intimate relationships or close friendships, become
important. The next level, esteem needs, include the
need for recognition from others, confidence,
achievement, and self-esteem.
GROWTH NEEDS
The highest level is self-actualization, or the selffulfillment. Behavior in this case is not driven or
motivated by deficiencies but rather ones desire
for personal growth and the need to become all
the things that a person is capable of becoming.
Clayton
McClelland's
Human
Motivation Theory states that every
person has one of three main driving
motivators: the needs for
achievement, affiliation, or power.
These motivators are not inherent; we
develop them through our culture
and life experiences.
McClelland's
Human Motivation
Theory is also known as Three Needs
Theory, Acquired Needs Theory,
Motivational Needs Theory, and
Learned Needs Theory.
Achievement
Affiliation
Power
End