FORGING OPERATIONS

Forging operations:
1: DRAWING:
This is the operation in which metal gets elongated with a reduction in the cross sedation
area. For this, a force is to be applied in a direction perpendicular to the length axis.

2:UP SETTING:
This is applied to increase the cross seat ional area of the stock at the expanse of the
length. To achieve the length of upsetting force is applied in a direction parallel to the
length axis, For example forming of a bolt head.

3:FULLERING:
It a similar to material cross-section is decreased and length increased. To do this; the
bottom fuller is kept in angle hole with the heated stock over the fuller .the top fuller is
then kept above the stock and then with the sledge hammer, and the force is applied on
the top fuller.

4:EDGING:
It is a process in which the metal piece is displaced to the desired shape by striking
between two dies edging is frequently as primary drop forging operation.

5:BENDING:
Bending is very common forging operation. It is an operation to give a turn to metal rod
or plate. This is required for those which have bends shapes.

6:PUNCHING:
It is a process of producing holes in motel plate is placed over the hollow cylindrical die.
By pressing the punch over the plate the hole is made.

7: FORGED WELDING
It is a process of joining two metal pieces to increase the length. By the pressing or
hammering then when they are at for ging temperature.Itis performed in forging shop and
hence is called forged welding.

8:CUTTING:
It is a process in which a metal rod or plate cut out into two pieces, with the help of chisel
and hammer, when the metal is in red hot condition.

9:FLATING AND SETTING DOWN:

Fullering leaves a corrugated surface on the job. Even after a job is forged into shape
with a hammer, the marks of the hammer remains on the upper surface of the job. To
remove hammer marks and corrugation and in order to obtain a smooth surface on the
job, a flatter or set hammer is used.

10: SWAGING:
Swaging is done to reduce and finish work for desire size and shape, usually either round
or hexagonal. For small jobs top and bottom swage pair is employed, where as for large
work swage block can be used.