Ilongots

The Ilonggos are concentrated in the Western Visayas

Region, particularly in Panay Island (Iloilo, Capiz, etc.) and
Negros Occidental. They are also found in some areas of
Mindanao. The word Ilonggo normally refers to a
person, whose language is Hiligaynon. The term
Hiligaynon originated from Yligueynes, which means
people of the coast.
The Ilonggo population is mostly Catholic, but old pagan
traditions are nevertheless still applied, sometimes
combined with Christianity. The best example is the
practice of bathing a statue of the Santo Nino (Child
Jesus) for good luck or to bring rain.
Ilonggos have a sterling reputation of being affectionate,
friendly, and happy.

Maguindanaon tribes

The Maguindanao are part of the wider Moro ethnic

group, who constitute the sixth largest Filipino ethnic
group. Their name means people of the plains.
In the early 15th century, Sharif Muhammad Kabungsuan,
an Arab-Malay preacher from the Royal House of Malacca,
arrived in what is now Malabang, introduced Islamic faith
and customs, settled down with a local princess, and
founded a Sultanate whose capital was Cotabato. The
other center of power in the area, Sultanate of
Buayan which is now modern General Santos City, has an
even longer history dating back to early Arab
missionaries, who, although not able to implant the
Islamic faith, introduced a more sophisticated political
system. In Buayan, the transition to Islam took a longer
time. Spanish chronicles was told that Buayan, and not

Cotabato, was the most

Mindanao at that time.

important

settlement

in

Ilocano

The Ilokanos (Ilocano: Tattao a Iloko) or Iloko people are

the third largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group that mostly
reside within the Ilocos Region in the northwestern
seaboard of Luzon, Philippines. Most Ilokanos speak
the Ilokano language, which has 40 dialects.
The
word Ilokano originates
from Iloko (archaic
form, Yloco),
the
conjugation
of i- (meaning
"of")
and look (meaning "bay"), which means "from the bay"
in Ilokano. Aside from being referred to as Ilokano, they
are also identified as Samtoy, a portmanteau of
the Ilokano phrase sao mi ditoy meaning "our language
here" ("sao mi" = "our language;" "ditoy" - "here").
Ilocandia is the term given to the traditional homeland of
the Ilokano people. From the original western strip of
Northern Luzon, Ilocandia has spread throughout

the Cordillera Administrative Region, Cagayan Valley and

some parts of Central Luzon.
Igorot

Igorot, or Cordillerans, is the collective name of

several Austronesian ethnic groups in The Philippines,
who inhabit the mountains of Luzon. These highland
peoples inhabit all the six provinces of the Cordillera
Administrative
Region: Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Kalinga, Ifugao,
and Mountain Province, as well as Baguio City and the
adjacent province of Nueva Vizcaya.
The word "Igorot" is an exonym, derived from the
archaic Tagalog term for "mountain people" (formed from
the prefix i-, "dweller of" and golot, "mountain range").
During the Spanish colonial era, the term was variously
recorded
as Igolot, Ygolot,
and Igorrote,
compliant
to Spanish orthography.[2]

The endonyms Ifugao or Ipugao (also meaning "mountain

people") are used more frequently within the Igorots
themselves, as igorot is viewed by some as slightly
pejorative.[3]
The Igorots may be roughly divided into two general
subgroups: the larger group lives in the south, central and
western areas, and is very adept at rice-terrace farming;
the smaller group lives in the east and north. Prior to
Spanish colonisation of the islands, the peoples now
included under the term did not consider themselves as
belonging to a single, cohesive ethnic group.[3]
They may be further subdivided into five ethnolinguistic
groups: the Bontoc, Ibaloi, Isnag (or Isneg/Apayao),
Kalinga, and the Kankanaey.[4]