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A Handbook of Germanic Etymology PDF
A Handbook of Germanic Etymology PDF
GERMANIC
ETYMOLOGY
Vladimir Orel
BRILL
A HANDBOOK OF
GERMANIC
ETYMOLOGY
BY
VLADIMIR OREL
..
.
TU
.
.
P AA LL LL AA S
S
TA SU
AEGID
E
BRILL
LEIDEN BOSTON
2003
ISBN 90 04 12875 1
Copyright 2003 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored
in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
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Fees are subject to change.
CONTENTS
Preface ............................................................................................
List of references ............................................................................
Abbreviations ..................................................................................
xi
xv
xxxvii
Dictionary ......................................................................................
Indices
Germanic languages ..................................................................
Other Indo-European languages ..............................................
Non-Indo-European languages ..................................................
477
629
683
PREFACE
The objective of this work is to present a reasonably full (but certainly not
exhaustive) collection of Proto-Germanic lexemes with their reconstructions, their reections in main branches of Germanic and, whenever
possible, with plausible etymologies and etymological references (the latter
include main etymological dictionaries as well as articles and notes). As it
sometimes happens in other elds of knowledge, for the last fty or sixty
years linguists have operated under the misleading impression that Germanic etymology does not leave us much more than minor issues to deal
with and that the main bulk of relevant problems in this eld has been
solved. I do not believe this view to be true and this book is to prepare
grounds for a future serious revision of the etymologies (mainly, root etymologies) automatically accepted today and sanctied more by habit than
by reason.
The dictionary includes the following categories of (Proto-)Germanic
words:
(a) words attested in two or three branches of Germanic;
(b) words attested in only one Germanic branch but having precise external cognates or being sources of wider attested Germanic derivatives;
(c) words attested in only one Germanic branch but representing ancient
loanwords that might have penetrated Germanic at the ProtoGermanic level.
Clearly, with words of categories (b) and (c), the writer depends on etymological solutions and, therefore, on scholarly preferences and tastes to
a greater extent than with words of category (a). That has certainly
inuenced the choice of certain entries. In some cases, entries were added
even when the word represented an innovation in one branch but its discussion and analysis in the etymological literature indicated otherwise and
the entry could be of some interest for the study of Proto-Germanic.
The dictionary only deals with full lexical parallels in Germanic and the
resulting reconstructions are words (sometimes with their morphological
variants), not morphemes. Internal Germanic cognates are represented by
the oldest attested forms from each branch involved in a given comparison. Thus, High German is represented by an Old High German form
unless such has not been registered. In the latter case, High German will
be represented by Middle High German or modern German, and so on.
Normally, an entry will include Gothic (or other East Germanic dialects,
XII
PREFACE
PREFACE
XIII
1
Most of my bibliographic inquiries were successful, with the exception of the recent
work published in the Ukraine: V.V. Levitskii Etimologicheskii slovar germanskikh
iazykov, III, Chernovtsy: Ruta, 2000 of which I could only obtain some information from
the review of M VJa XLVIII/5 124130.
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ABBREVIATIONS
Languages
Alb - Albanian
Arm - Armenian
Av - Avestan
Balt - Baltic
Bret - Breton
Burg - Burgundian
Chuv - Chuvash
Crim. Goth - Crimean Gothic
Dor - Doric
Du - Dutch
E - English
EGmc - East Germanic
ELith - East Lithuanian
Ethio-Sem - Ethio-Semitic
Etr - Etruscan
Finn - Finnish
Flem - Flemish
Fr - French
G - German
Gaul - Gaulish
Gep - Gepidic
Gk - Greek
Gmc - Germanic
Goth - Gothic
Grg - Georgian
Hbr - Hebrew
Hom - Homeric
Hung - Hungarian
Icel - Icelandic
IE - Indo-European
Ion - Ionic
Iran - Iranian
Lat - Latin
Latv - Latvian
LG - Low German
Lith - Lithuanian
MDu - Middle Dutch
ME - Middle English
Messap - Messapic
MGk - Middle Greek
MHG - Middle High German
Grammatical terms
acc. - accusative
adj. - adjective
coll. - collective
cmpn. - compound
comp. - comparative
cons. - consonantal
denom. - denominative
derive. - derivative
XXXVIII
deverb. - deverbative
dial. - dialectal
dim. - diminutive
ethn. - ethnonym
f. - feminine
impf. - imperfect
indecl. - indeclinable
irreg. - irregular
m. - masculine
mtn. - mountain name
n. - neuter
part. - participle
perf. - perfect
ABBREVIATIONS
pl. - plural
pln. - place name
poet. - poetic
prep. - preposition
prop. - proper name
ptcl. - particle
re. - reexive
rvn. - river name
sb. - substantive
sbst. - substantivized
sg. - singular
theon. - theonym
a
*aba prep.: Goth af from, away from,
abraz
S-P); J LBd LX
199203; W KZ LXXV 5875 (to
Sum b2 to procreate, Akk abru to be
strong); J IEW 86; P
I 2; V ANEW 23; V A67;
L GED 1; B Nom.
248; H 93 (to Skt pas- work,
action, Lat opus work).
*abu prep.: ON au-viri worthless wretch,
damage, MHG abe from. A variant of
*aba. Cf. Gk Arc-Cypr p for p.
P I 55; F I 122.
*abuaz ~ *abuxaz adj.: ON fugr bent
back, inverted, OS abuh evil, OHG abuh
bad, wrong. Derived from *aba. Cf. similar but not identical derivatives in Skt
pka- aside, back, Slav *opak back,
back to front. S Plur. 392;
K KZ XXXI 389; T-F
15; W IF XLI 345350; H AEEW 2; P I54; V
ANEW 685; V-T III
142; L-S I 3335; KS 6; H 9394.
*aelaz ~ *aeln sb.m.: OSwed ko-adel
cows urine, OE adela lth, MLG adel(e)
unpleasant dampness. Of unknown origin. T-F 10 (to Gk nyow dung);
H AEEW 2; O 12.
*afalan sb.n.: ON a strength, OE afol
power, OS abal id. The same root is
preserved in Gk n-apelsaw: narrvsyew, Hes., Ion epelw strong, Hom
lighpelh weakness, Ion nhpelh:
syneia (Hes.). T-F 16; H AEEW 2; P Gliederung 130;
P I 52; V ANEW 2 (OE <
ON); L 1 (to *abn).
*afaljanan wk.vb.: ON aa to acquire,
to cause, to contrive, OHG part. avalnti
farmer. Derived from *afalan. TF 16; V ANEW 2, 94.
*afar adv.: Goth afar after, ON afarvery (in compounds), OHG avur again.
Related to Skt para- posterior, later, Av
apar id. Cf. *aba. B 7677;
T-F 15; F 34; M I
38; P I 54; C SGGJa I
107; V ANEW 2; L GED 23.
aft
*afarn sb.m.: Goth afara descendant,
OE eafora heir, ospring, successor, son,
OS avaro descendant. Derived from
*afar (F 4). T-F 15; H AEEW 83; T JEGP
XLVII 180 (to *abn); V ANEW 2 (to
ON afr buttermilk); S Studien 164;
L GED 3.
*aftan adv.: Goth aftana from behind,
ON aptan afterwards, again, OE ftan
behind, OFris efta id., OS aftan eventually, OHG aftan behind, from behind.
Derived from *aft. H AEEW
9; F 11; P I 54; V ANEW
11; O 18; L GED 7;
B OFED s.v.
*aftanaz ~ *banaz sb.m.: ON
aptann, eptann evening, OE fen id., OFris
vend, iound id., OS band id., OHG band
id. Derived from *aftan ( J
MASO V 5075) with taboo transformations. B IF V 376 (to IE *epi ~
*opi ); W BB XXVIII 73 (same
as B); H AEEW 9;
P I 324; O 331; V
ANEW 11; L-S I 913;
B KZ CIX 231232 (non-IndoEuropean); K-S 34.
*aft(e)raz adj.: Goth aftaro in back of,
from behind (with analogical -o), ON
eptir after, OE fter id., OFris efter id.,
OS aftar id., OHG after id. Modication
of a comparative degree of *aba inuenced by *afta. Close to Skt apataram
farther o , OPers apataram away from,
far away, Gk pvtrv farther (B Grundri II/1 324326). TF 15; F 1112; S KZ XL
414; P I 53; S Studien 262
(to IE *opi ); M I 37; V
ANEW 11; O 18; P SL
XXIX, 5960; L GED 8; KS 18; B OFED s.v.
*aft adv.: Goth afta behind, ON eft
after (with e- from eftir), OE ft behind,
again, OFris eft later, afterwards, OS eft,
eht after. Derived from *aba (S
Studien 88). H AEEW 88;
F 11; P I 5354 (to Gk piyen
aft
behind). S Bibel I 484 (Goth
afta as an erroneous reading of aftra);
L GED 78; B OFED s.v.
*aftr adv.: Goth aftra back, again, ON
aptr id. See *aft(e)raz. T-F 15;
F 12; P I 53; S Studien
262 (to IE *opi ); V ANEW 11;
L GED 8.
*aftumn adj.: Goth aftuma aftermost,
hindmost. Superlative degree of *aba. Cf.
*aftumistaz. F 12; P I 53;
L GED 8; B Nom.
234.
*aftumistaz adj.: Goth aftumists endmost,
nal, OE ftemest last. Secondary superlative based on *aftumn. H
AEEW 9; F 12; P I 53;
L GED 8; B Nom.
234.
*aa-laikn ~ *aa-laikan sb.f./n.: Goth
ag-laitei licentiousness, debauchery (irregular -t- < *-k-), OE a-lc misery, grief,
trouble. Compound of *aa (see *aanan)
and *laikan (M Word II 6671).
T-F 9; H AEEW 3; A Lehnw. 2831 (OHG agaleizi diligence, zeal < Goth); F 14 (to *aluz);
S Goten 227228 (follows A); L GED 10.
*aanan str.vb.: Goth agan to be afraid of
part. un-agands fearless. Related to Gk
xomai to be sad, to mourn, OIr adgathar to fear. T-F 9; F 13,
380381 (on Goth og to be afraid of );
P I 7; V ANEW 3; F I
202203; S 362; P KZ XC
910; L GED 9.
*aan ~ *axan sb.f.: Goth ahana
cha , ON gn id. (pl. agnir < fem.
*aaniz), OE eenu little round heap (<
*ain; pl. from fem. *aann), OS agana
cha , OHG agana id. Derived from
*aaz. Derivationally close to Skt anithunderbolt, tip of a missile, Gk kaina
spike, prick, kanow pine-thistle, Lat
agna ear (of grain) < *an, Lith ans
edge, blade, Latv asns new shoot.
A KZ I 353 (to Lat acus needle,
pin); Z Gutt. 129; T-F 7;
aj
H AEEW 89; W-H
I 2223; F 16; M I 59;
P I 1920; C SGGJa I
63; F 18; F I 49, 62; V
ANEW 685; Z II 194; O
66; L GED 11.
*aaz sb.m.: Swed ag swamp grass, MLG
ag perch. For the etymology see *aan
~ *axan. P I 18.
*ae sb.f.: OE eee, ee rake, harrow,
OFris eide id. OS egitha id., OHG egida id.
Related to OW ocet id. < *okit, OPrus
aketes id., Lith akios, ekios id. TF 8; H IF XXXVII 230 (also to
Lat occa harrow; H AEEW
88; P I 22; C SGGJa
I 62; F 119; K-S
205.
*aez sb.n.: Goth agis awe, fear, OE
masc. ee fear, horror, dread. An es-stem
derivationally identical with Gk neut.
xow id. (A KZ I 355). Further
connected with *aanan. Already in Goth
oblique cases are based on *aesan. Cf.
masc. *aesn id. > OE eesa id., OS egisa
id., OHG egiso id. Z Gutt. 218;
T-F 9; H AEEW 89;
F 14; P I 7; C
SGGJa I 110; F I 202203; Z
II 223; S 362; L GED 10;
P Karg-Gasterstdt Festschr. 93
135 (to *awi- snake in *awi-axsjn);
B Nom. 211; K-S
902.
*an sb.f.: Goth un-agei fearlessness,
OHG eg fear. Derived from *aanan.
F 13; P I 7; V ANEW 3;
Z II 223; O 65; L
GED 10; H 94.
*aja-stainaz sb.m.: ON egg-steinn sharp
stone, MLG egge-stn corner-stone,
MHG ecke-stein id. Compound of *aj
and *stainaz. C Nom. comp. 83 (parallel formations).
*aj sb.f.: Burg *agja edge, ON egg id.,
OE ec edge, angle, blade, sword, OFris
egg, ig edge, sword, OS eggia id., MHG
ecke sharp point, side. Related to Gk
kw sharp point, Lat acis sharp edge
aj
and other continuants of IE *a- sharp.
T-F 8; H AEEW 87;
W-H I 8; P I 19;
V ANEW 94; Z I 148; F
I 52; O 301; B Nom.
113; K 708; K-S 204;
B OFED s.v.
*ajjanan wk.vb.: ON eggja to incite, to
goad, OE ecan to sharpen, OFris eggia to
drive, to fence, MLG eggen to sharpen.
Derived from *aj. H AEEW
87; V ANEW 95.
*aljanan wk.vb.: Goth agljan to harm,
OE elan to trouble, MLG egelen to
annoy, OHG egilen to torment. Derived
from *aluz. H AEEW 89;
F 15; P I 8; O 21;
L GED 10; H 95.
*aluz adj.: Goth aglus dicult, toilsome,
OE ele troublesome, hateful. Connected with Skt agh- bad, Av ag id.
S KZ I 151; W BB
XXVIII 50 (to Gk xlw fog);
B 4748; T-F 9 (to
Gk xlow crowd, throng); F 15;
H AEEW 89; M Word II
67; M I 19; P I 8;
L GED 10; B Nom.
249; H 95.
*anan sb.n.: ON agn bait. From *an-.
Related to *axjanan. Structurally close to
Skt neut. ana- meal. T-F 8;
P I 18; C SGGJa I
106; V ANEW 3.
*auraz sb.m.: ON gr kind of sh, carp.
Derivationally close to OIr aicher sharp,
Lith eers, dial. aers perch, Latv asars,
asaris id. (M KZ XXIV 466). Further related to IE *a- sharp. TF 23; T BSW 14; P
I 20; F 125.
*awi-axsjn sb.f.: OE exe lizard, OS
egithassa, ewithissa id., OHG egidehsa id.
Compound consisting of *awi- (from
*oghi-, cf. Skt hi- snake, Gk fiw id.,
K apud Z Gutt. 99) and
*axsjn derived from *exsanan. TF 9; H AEEW 8; M I 68; P I 44; F II 453.
axaz(an)
*awja-lanan ~ *axwja-lanan sb.n.:
ON ey-land island, OE -land id., OFris
a-lond id., MLG ei-lant, eyg-lant id. Compound of *awj ~ *axwj and *lanan.
O 486487; K-S 209;
B OFED s.v.
*awj ~ *axwj sb.f.: ON ey island,
OE id., OFris a, ey id., OHG ouwa id.
Pln. Oium ( Jordanes 60.15) < Goth *aujan
and -avia in Scandinavia belong here.
Derived from *axw (B KZ XI
403404). T-F 9; H
AEEW 186; F 18; P I 23;
C SSGJa I 54; Z I
148; V ANEW 106; O 486;
D Vddhi 25; L GED 13;
L-S I 99103; B Nom. 113; K-S 61;
B OFED s.v.
*awnjanan wk.vb.: OE enian to yean,
to bring forth (of ewe), WFris eandje id.,
Du dial. oonen id. Based on the unattested
*awnaz identical with Lat agnus lamb,
Gk mnw id., OIr an id., Slav *agn\ id.
Specically close to Slav *agniti s\ to
bring forth (of ewe). M BSL
XXIV 183184 (isolates Gk and Lat);
W-H I 23; C
SGGJa I 59; P I 9; F I 93;
O 1019; T Zhiv. 7173,
ESSJa I 5455; D BSA 123124.
*axaz(an) sb.n.: Goth ahs ear of grain,
ON ax id., OE ear id., OFris r id., OS
ahar id., OHG ehir id. Related to Toch B
k ear of grain (?), Gk xnh foam,
cha < *asn, Lat acus id. (s-stem), Slav
*ost spike of corn, sharp point, *osera
ear, spike of corn. Z Gutt. 129;
T-F 78; H AEEW 85;
W-H I 11; F 1718;
P I 22; C SGGJa I 63;
V ANEW 21; F I 202; Z
II 223; O 297; V-T
III 167; T Etim. 1968 60 (OHG
ahir < *aero- = Slav *osera, Lith aers
perch); L GED 12; LS I 9598; B Nom.
212; K-S 21; A TB
3537.
axiraz
*axiraz ~ *axuraz sb.m.: Dan r
maple, Germ dial. Acher id. Related
to Lat acer id. W-H I 67;
P I 20.
*axjanan wk.vb.: ON ja to bait, to rest.
Probably derivationally close to Skt
ayati to make eat (to Skt anti to eat,
to consume). T-F 8; M I 60; P I 18.
*axmaz sb.m.: Swed dial. m swamp
grass. Derivationally similar to Gk km
point, edge < *a-m- sharp point.
P I 19; F I 15354.
*axsl sb.f.: ON xl shoulder-joint (from
fem. *axsliz), OE eaxel shoulder, eaxle id.
(n-stem), OFris axle, axele id., OS ahsla
id., OHG ahsla id. (- and n-stem).
Derived from *axs. Derivationally similar to Lat la id. < *asl. Z
Gutt. 187; R WuS XII 112114;
T-F 8; H AEEW 87;
W-H I 25; P I 6;
C SGGJa I 89; V ANEW
689; Z II 195; L-S I
114116; K-S 12.
*axs sb.f.: OE eax axis, axle, OFris axe
id., MLG asse id., OHG ahsa id. Related
to Skt ka- axle, Gk jvn id., Lat axis
id., OIr aiss id., Lith as id., Latv ass id.,
Slav *os. T-F 8; M BSL
XXV 144; T BSW 1415; R WuS XII 112114; H
AEEW 87; B Origines 7; WH I 89; M I 16;
P I 6; C SGGJa I
108; F 19; F I 116;
Z I 146; V-T III
167168; L-S I 113114;
K-S 1112.
*axsulaz sb.m.: ON xull axle. Derived
from *axs. Derivationally close to W echel
id., Bret ahel id. < *aksil. T-F 8;
P I 185; K-S 11.
*axtu num.: Goth ahtau eight, ON tta
id., OE eahta id., OFris achta id., OS ahto
id., OHG ahto id. Continues the IndoEuropean word for eight: Toch A okt,
B okt-, Skt atu, at, Av ata, Gk kt,
Arm ut', Lat oct, OIr ocht n-, Lith atuon.
axw
Z Gutt. 188; B 260;
T-F 8; M IF XLIV 137
138; P Kelt. Gr. I 103, 392;
W-H II 199200; F 18;
M I 63; P I 22, 775;
F 1920; V ANEW 17; F
II 374375; O 304; L GED
12; L-S I 121124; RB Numerals 588589; K-S
12; A TB 110; B OFED s.v.
*axtun ~ *axtun num.: Goth
ahtuda eighth, ON tte id., OHG ahtodo
id. Other forms, ON ttandi, OFris achtunda, MLG achtende and the like, were
restructured under the inuence of
*sebunan ~ *sebunan. T-F 8;
F 18; V ANEW 17; R-B
Numerals 629630; B OFED s.v.
*axurnaz sb.m.: OS ahorn maple, OHG
ahorn id. Derivationally close to Gk
karna: dfnh (Hes.), Lat acernus of
maple-tree. Connected with *axiraz
~ *axuraz. W-H I 67;
P I 20; L-S I 110
113; K-S 2021.
*axwa-ukkn sb.f.: ODan -dokke waterdock, OE a-docce id. Compound of *axw
and *dukkn. O 280.
*axwalaz sb.m.: ON so-ll esh-hook (=
Lat fuscinula), OE neut. awel awl, OHG
ahil point of the ear (of corn). Derivationally similar to Lat aculeus spine, W ebil
drill < *alo-. Connected with IE *asharp, see *aan ~ *axan. T-F 8;
H AEEW 8; W-H
I 11; P I 19; C SGGJa
I 63, 107; V ANEW 6.
*axw sb.f.: Goth aa owing body of
water, river, ON river, OE e
running water, stream (root stem), OFris
, id., OS aha id., OHG aha id. Identical with Lat aqua id. Z Gutt.
60; T-F 9; B IF LII
225; H AEEW 82; WH I 60; F 1819; P
Gliederung 100101, 205207 (on the relation with *ap- river); W KZ
LXXV 67 (to *eos); J ZdPh
LX 113 (ON to Gmc theon. ON Yngvi,
axw
OE In, OS Ing); P I 23; C SSGJa I 54; V ANEW 1;
Z II 205; O 487; L
GED 1213; B Nom. 199;
L-S I 99103; KS 11; B OFED s.v.
*aiaz sb.m.: Crim. Goth sched-iit light,
OE d funeral pile, OS d rebrand,
OHG eit id. Identical with Skt dha- fuel,
Gk ayow rebrand, OIr ed re.
P Kelt. Gr. I 57; T-F 2;
W JEGP XIII 504; H
AEEW 2; F 414; M I 128;
P I 11; F I 3738; L
GED 298.
*aisn sb.f.: ON eisa glowing embers,
MLG se hearth. Derived from *aiaz.
Reects an original s-stem *aidhes-.
T-F 3; V ANEW 9798;
P I 12.
*aianan ~ *aienan sb.n.: Goth aigin
belongings, possessions, property, ON
eigin ones own, of property, OE en
property, OFris gin, ein id., OS gan id.,
OHG eigan id. Substantivized *aianaz ~
*aienaz. H AEEW 10; V
ANEW 95; S 6970.
*aianaz ~ *aienaz adj.: ON eiginn
own, OE en id., OFris ein, egen id., OS
gan id., OHG eigan id. Past participle of
*aixa. T-F 1; H AEEW
10; V ANEW 96; O 638; B OFED s.v.
*aienan sb.n.: ON eigin seed, MLG ne
shoot, sprout. Related to Lith ia
crack, rift, iti to be peeled, iti
to jump up, to start up. F III 2
(to *ai- spear); T-F 2; B BB XXVII 166; P I 15;
F 4; V ANEW 9596.
*aienjanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-aiginon to
appropriate, ON eigna to dedicate, to
attribute. Cf. also *aiennan in OE nian
to possess, to own, to appropriate, MLG
genen id., OHG eigenn to take possession
of . Derived from *aianaz ~ *aienaz.
H AEEW 3; F 20; V
ANEW 96; L GED 14; KS 209.
aikanan
*ain sb.f.: ON eiga ownership, property, OE e property. Derived from
*aixa. H AEEW 3; V
ANEW 95; S 69.
*aiwiskaz adj.: Goth un-aiwisks blameless, OE wisc disgraced, ashamed,
abashed, MLG eisch hateful. Related
and structurally similar to Gk asxow
shame < *aig hsko- (F I 345346), cf.
*aiwjanan > OE wan to despise, to
scorn (W MLN XVI 309). TF 2 (to Gk asxow shame); H AEEW 14; F 30; P I
14; F I 14647; M KZ LXXIX
3841 (to *aiwaz ~ *aiwiz); B Gedenkschr. Gntert 53, 55; P IF LXXXIII
138 (agrees with M); S KZ
LXXXI 123; L GED 21; KS 214.
*aixa str.vb.: Goth aih to have, to own,
ON id., OE h id., OFris aga, hga id.,
OS pl. gun id., OHG pl. eigun id. Related
to Toch B aik- to know, to recognize,
Skt e, e to possess, to own, Av as- to
dominate (P Gr. 31). S
KZ I 153; B 26; T-F
1; F 20; H AEEW 10;
J IEW 46; M I 96;
P I 299; Z I 150; V
ANEW 95; O 638; S 6972;
L GED 14; K-S
208209; A TB 101102; B
OFED s.v.
*aixtiz sb.f.: Goth aihts belongings, possessions, property, ON tt, tt family,
race, OE ht possessions, property,
power, OHG ht property, power. Derivative in *-ti- of *aixa. Close to Av tiability, power, property. B 376377; T-F 1; H
AEEW 10; F 20; M WZUG VI
218220; P I 298299; Z
I 150; S 70; L GED 14;
B Nom. 143.
*aikanan str.vb.: Goth af-aikan to deny,
to abjure, OHG in-eihhan to claim
(gloss, = in-sagn). Related to MIr igid to
shout. Further cf. *aixtrjanan > Goth
aihtron to beg, to pray, a denominative
aikanan
based on the unattested *aixtra- = Gk
oktrw pitiable. B ZdPh
V 229230 (from *ai- to spring);
S IF IV 101 (to Gk epon to
speak, to say); G Goten 4
(to Gk m to say); T-F 1;
U PBB XXVII 114 (to Slav
*iz out, from); F 3; F JEGP
XLII 270 (to Gk oktow waiting, MIr
igid to cry), Goth. 23; B BSOAS
XXI 536538 (to Toch en- to instruct,
Gk nanomai to refuse, to renounce, to
spurn); P I 298; F II 361
362; S 7273; L GED 2.
*aiknaz adj.: Burg *aikins, ON eikinn
oaken, OE cen, cen id., OFris zen, tzen
id., MLG ken id., OHG eihhn id. Derived from *aikz. H AEEW 8;
V ANEW 96; K 708.
*aikwernn ~ *kwernn sb.m.: ON
korni squirrel, OE cwern id. (neut.),
MLG keren, khorn id., OHG eihhurno id.
A taboo transformation of the name
attested in Lat uuerra weasel, Bret gwiber
squirrel, Lith vvers, vaivers id., Slav
*vverica id., probably inuenced by *aikz
and formations in *-ern-, cf. *ewern(n).
T-F 27 (to Skt jati to stir, to
move); M ZDADL XLII 166 (the rst
part to ON eikinn savage); S BB
XV 134 (the rst component to Skt ejati
to stir, to move); H AEEW 2;
S KZ LXII 253254 (Lat uuerra <
*u-uer-sa); W-H II 808;
P I 14 (compound of *aik- connected with Skt jati to move and *wernrelated to Lith vaivers squirrel, Slav
*vverica id.); F 1233; V
ANEW 284; K-S 207 (reconstructs *aikurnan).
*aikz sb.f.: Burg *aiks oak, ON eik id.,
OE c id., OFris k id., OS k id. (i-stem),
OHG eih id. (i-stem). Compared with Gk
aglvc kind of oak, with the second
component identied with lc: xlamw,
Hes., lopw shell, bark, Lat aesculus kind
of oak (K Glotta III 335).
S KZ X 461462 (to Gk aganh
hunting spear); K KZ LXXI 151 (to
aina-buranaz
*akranan); T-F 1; H
AEEW 2; P I 13; V ANEW
96; F I 31; Z II 205; P
St. balt. X 52 (to OPrus ansonis oak);
O 619; B Nom. 195;
G Wurzelnomina 2132; K 708; K-S 207.
*ailan sb.n.: OE l ame. Despite phonetic diculties, probably from *ailan
connected with *aiaz (S IF IV
339). Derivationally close to MIr el
lime < *aidh-lo-. F KZ I (NF) 34
(to Lat ad-ole to burn); J ZdPh
XXXI 285288 (inuenced by IE *alto:
Skt neut. alta- re-brand, coal); W
JEGP XIII 500 (to OE ile hard skin);
H AEEW 3; P I 12;
V ANEW 99100.
*ailiaz sb.m.: ON eldr re, OE led re,
conagration, OS ld re. Derived from
*ailjanan. T-F 34 (to W ailwyd
hearth < *ailt); H AEEW
10; P I 12; V ANEW 99100;
O 38.
*ailjanan wk.vb.: OE lan to kindle, to
set on re, to burn. Derived from *ailan.
T-F 3; H AEEW 10;
P I 12.
*aimaz sb.m.: ON eimr reek, vapor, OE
m reed, slay of a weavers loom, E dial.
oam warm wind. Continues *ai-mo- or,
better, *aidh-smo-, eventually related to
*aidh- to burn, cf. in particular Av asmarewood, Lith esm id. B
2627; H AEEW 3; P I
1112; V ANEW 96; O 308.
*aimuzjn sb.f.: ON eimyrja embers, OE
myrie, mere id., MLG mere id., OHG
eimuria pyre, hot ash. Derived from
*aimaz (K KZ XXVI 84). TF 32; H AEEW 11; V
ANEW 96; O 308; K-S
34 (compound of *aimaz and *usjn > ON
poet. ysja re).
*aina-aujaz adj.: ON ein-eygr one-eyed,
OE n-ee id., MLG ein-ge id., OHG
ein-ougi id. Compound of *ainaz and
*aujaz. C Nom. comp. 64.
*aina-buranaz ~ *aina-burenaz adj.:
aina-buranaz
ON ein-borinn only begotten, OE n-boren
id., OHG ein-boran unique, sole. Compound of *ainaz and participle of *beranan. C Nom. comp. 92 (calque of Lat
unigenitus).
*aina-an sb.m.: ON ein-dagi term for
pay, OE n-daa xed day, time
appointed, day appointed for hearing a
cause, OS n-dago day of death. Compound of *ainaz and *aaz. K
EngS LXX 4043 (compares *ain- with
Skt inti to advance upon, to press upon;
cf. *ferin ); T-F 199; H
AEEW 4; C Nom. comp. 58; P
I 241242; L GED 86.
*aina-falaz adj.: Goth ain-fals in one
piece, simple, ON ein-faldr id., OE nfeald simple, single, one, alone, OFris enfald singular, single, OS n-fald id., OHG
ein-falt pure, single. Compound of *ainaz
and *falaz. F 23; C Nom. comp.
6465; L GED 16; H
187188; K-S 211; B
OFED s.v.
*aina-ftjaz adj.: ON ein-fttr onelegged, OE n-fte id. Compound of
*ainaz and *ftjaz (see *ftz ~ *ftuz).
C Nom. comp. 65.
*ainaaz ~ *aineaz pron., adj.: Goth
ainaha only, sole (< *ainaxaz), ON einigr,
eingi none, any, OE ni any, anyone,
OFris nich only, OS nig id., OHG sbst.
einago hermit, monk. Derived from
*ainaz. Cf. a similar derivation in Lat
nicus id. (S PBB XXVII 356).
T-F 3, 557 (to Slav *inok monk
but *-ok < *ok o-); H AEEW
11; W-H II 821; F 22;
P I 286; V ANEW 97; O
41; L GED 16; R-B
Numerals 656657; K-S 211
212; B OFED s.v.
*aina-xanjaz adj.: ON ein-hendr singlehanded, OE n-hende id., OHG ein-henti
id. Compound of *ainaz and *xanjaz (see
*xanuz). C Nom. comp. 65.
*aina-xaruz adj.: ON ein-harr courageous, constant, OS n-hard hostile, evil,
OHG ein-harti courageous, constant.
aina-lkaz
Compound of *ainaz and *xaruz. C
Nom. comp. 63.
*aina-xlaupiz adj.: ON ein-hleypr single,
unmarried, OE n-hlepe id., late OS nlpe alone, single. Derived from *ainaz
and *xlaupan. H AEEW 163;
C Nom. comp. 62; S 260;
M Festschr. Schrder 259261, KZ
CV 129; H 293.
*ain(a)kai adv.: ON einka- only, special
(in compounds), Du nec alone. Derived
from *ainaz. Cf. a similar pattern in Slav
*jnog single and Cypr ggia. V
ANEW 99; T ESSJa VIII 231;
L GED 16.
*ainak(i)laz adj.: Goth ainakls alone,
standing alone, ON name of a sea-king
Ekkill, OSwed sbst. nkill widower,
MLG enkel single. Derived from *ain(a)kai.
G Got. 14 (from *ain-ak-l-az,
cf. *akanan); F 2223; V ANEW
99; L GED 16; R-B
Numerals 658.
*aina-lifa ~ *aina-liba num.: Goth
ainlif eleven, ON ellifu id., OE endleofan
id., OFris andlova, elleva id., OS elleban id.,
OHG einlif id. Most of WGmc forms
have a secondary -(a)n. Compound of
*ainaz and *lif- left (see *laibjanan). A similar structure is found in Lith vienulika id.
in which -lika is identical with Gmc *lif(G Germania I 19, DG II 946947).
M MSL XV 259; Z Gutt. 12;
T-F 3; B KZ XLIV
133135; H AEEW 91; F
23; P Gliederung 146; P I
670; C SGGJa I 7475;
F 12391240; V ANEW
101; O 306; L GED 17;
R-B Numerals 593596 (*aini- in
Goth); K-S 217; B
OFED s.v.
*aina-liftn num.: ON ellepti eleventh,
OE llyfta, endlefta id., OFris andlofta id.,
OS ellifto id., OHG einlifto id. Derived
from *aina-lifa ~ *aina-liba. R-B
Numerals 633634; B OFED s.v.
*aina-lkaz adj.: OSwed nlker alone,
OE nlc singular, incomparable, excel-
aina-lkaz
lent. Derived from *ainaz. R-B
Numerals 663.
*aina-naxtjaz adj.: ON ein-nttr one
night old, OE adv. n-nihte id., MHG einnehte id. Compound of *ainaz and *naxtjaz
(see *naxtz). C Nom. comp. 65.
*aina-raz adj.: ON ein-rr self-willed,
OE n-rd one-minded, unanimous,
agreed, OHG ein-rti secret. Compound of *ainaz and *raz. C Nom.
comp. 9495 (parallel formations).
*aina-stapn sb.m.: ON ein-stapi a kind
of fern, Pteris aquilina, OE n-stapa lone
wanderer. Compound of *ainaz and
*stapan. C Nom. comp. 87 (parallel
formations).
*aina-waln sb.m.: ON ein-valdi monarch, OE n-wealda sovereign, governor. Compound of *ainaz and *waln.
C Nom. comp. 87 (calque of Lat
monarchus in OE).
*aina-wjan sb.n.: ON ein-vgi single
combat, OE n-w id., OHG ein-wgi id.
Compound of *ainaz and *wjan (see
*wan). C Nom. comp. 58.
*ainaz num.: Goth ains one, ON einn id.,
OE n id., OFris n, n, on id., OS n
id., OHG ein id. Identical with Lat nus
id., OIr en id., OPrus ains id. further
related to Skt ka- id., Av av id., Gk oow
id. B 2224; P Kelt.
Gr. I 57, 447; T-F 3; H
AEEW 4; W-H II 821; F
24; M I 126; P I
281286; V ANEW 97; F II 367;
O 627; T PJa I 6364;
L GED 17; B Nom.
227; R-B Numerals 559561;
K-S 210; B OFED s.v.
*airaz ~ *airuz sb.m.: Goth airus emissary, messenger, ON rr, rr messenger,
OE r messenger, herald, OS r messenger (< *airiz). Probably, a derivative of
*airi. G Goten 15; TF 3; W BB XXVIII 46;
W MLN XIII 82 (from *ei- to go);
B PBB XXIV 430433 (to *air );
M IF XVIII 249251 (to *arjanan); H PBB LXVI 267 (to ON
aiskjanan
rask to be rumored abroad), AEEW 6;
F 2627; V ANEW 14; Z
II 198; L GED 19; B
Nom. 66.
*airi adv.: Goth air early, ON r id., OE
r previously, before, OS r id., OHG r
id. Continues loc. *a(e)ri. Related to Av
ayar6 day, Gk riow early. Cf. comparative *airiz > Goth airis before, earlier, ON r id., OE r early, former,
OFris r before, earlier, OS r id., OHG
r id. and superlative *airistaz > OE rest
rst, OS rist id., OHG adv. rist id.
F KZ XXII 9596; B
157; T-F 3; H AEEW
12; F 2425; S Kl. Schr. 825,
833; P I 12; V ANEW 12,
681; F I 624; O 323324;
L GED 18; K-S
205206; B OFED s.v.
*airi-aaz sb.m.: ON pl. r-dagar days of
yore, OE pl. r-daas id., OS pl. r-dagos
id. Cf. also OHG adj. r-tagg of yesterday, before the dawn. Compound of *airi
and *aaz. C Nom. comp. 58.
*airinjanan wk.vb.: Goth airinon to be
an emissary, to be a messenger, ON rna
to intercede, to pray. Derived from *airaz
~ *airuz. F 25; V ANEW 14.
*airi-wakraz adj.: ON r-vakr early
awake, OHG r-wackar id. Compound of
*airi and *wakraz. C Nom. comp. 63.
*air sb.f.: ON r oar, OE r id. Of
unknown origin. B PBB XXIV
429 (to *ranan); T-F 3; H AEEW 7; P I 298 (to Gk
oaj handle of rudder); V ANEW
12; O 619; L GED 19.
*aiskjanan wk.vb.: OE ascian to
inquire, to ask, OFris skia to demand,
to claim, OS scon to promote, to further, OHG eiscn to search, to look for.
Related to Skt ati to seek, icchti, to
seek, to wish < *is-se-, Av a- id., Arm
hayc'em to beg, Lith ekau, iekti to seek,
Slav *iskati id. (F BB XVI 170171).
B KZ III 4041; B
2831; T-F 4; T BSW
67; H AEEW 7; M I
aiskjanan
10
aiwaz
with Gk otow fate, OPhryg oito- id.
(M IF XVIII 295; G
Goten 16). These forms could be (but not
necessarily are) derived from *ei- to walk
(B IF XXXVII 241) or related
to Hitt ai- to believe, to trust (P
III 910). A J MSL
VII 292 (from Celtic, cf. OIr oeth oath);
O BB XXIV 208209 (to Gk
anow consent); T-F 2; B IF XII 30 (compares otow with Av
ata- punishment); M IF XVIII
295 (to *ei- to go); P Kelt. Gr. I
58 (to Lat tor to need); H
AEEW 8; F 29; T Notes 36 (to
Gk thlow abiding); L Language IX
246 (from Celtic); K Spr. Vorz. 134;
P Gliederung 121; P I 11,
295; C SGGJa I 96; V
ANEW 95; Z II 185; O
619; F II 370371; B 393,
433; C 788; S Goten
5354 (against the Celtic etymology);
P JIES XI 281298; L
GED 20; B Laryngeals 128; B Nom. 78; O Phrygian 449;
K-S 207208; Boutkan OFED
s.v.
*ain sb.f.: Goth aiei mother, OHG
fuotar-eid nanny. Cf. also *ain mother
> ON eia. Derived from *aiaz (M KZ LXXVI 8586: a legally
acknowledged mother as opposed to a
concubine-mother). U Btrg.
Gesch. XXVII 115 (to Basque aita
father); G Goten 16 (to Gk
fut. sv to carry); T-F 2; F
28, PBB LIII 397400 (from non-existent
Illyr OHYH mater Dea); K PBB
LVII 426428 (against F); V
ANEW 95; Z I 157; L
GED 20.
*aiwaz ~ *aiwiz sb.m.: Goth aiws age,
eternity, OE w, law, OFris a- law
(in cmpn.), OS o id., OHG fem. wa id.
Cf. also ON vi time, eternity < *aiwn.
Acc. sg. *aiwin is used as an adverb ever:
Goth aiw, ON , OE , OS o, OHG io.
Related to Skt yu- vital power, Av y
aiwaz
11
ake
324325; T-F 1; H
AEEW 910; F 2; P I
783784; V ANEW 9495; F II
1150; Z II 223; S
Sprache XV 144167; L SL
XIV/2 1011, Verschrfung 10.2; O
303; T ESSJa I 6162;
L Phon. 3646, GED 2; KS 206.
*ajukaz adj.: Goth ajuk-dus eternity, OE
ce eternal, perpetual. Derived from
*aiwaz ~ *aiwiz. Probably derivationally
similar to Lat igis permanent, perpetual
(S Etym. 9394). T-F 4;
B MSL IV 140141 (Goth sux <
Lat); F 32; H AEEW 8;
W-H I 727; P I 17;
B AE 12, Nom. 262; L GED 23; H 97.
*akanan str.vb.: ON aka to drive (in a
vehicle), OE acan to ache, to pain.
Despite the semantic discrepancy, these
forms are historically identical (S
7475). Cf. the meanings of Lat agit to
put in motion, to drive, to rouse up, to
disturb. Related to Toch B k- to lead,
to guide, to drive, Skt jati to drive, Av
azaiti id., Arm acem to lead, to bring, Gk
gv to lead, Lat ag to drive, OW agit
to go. Z Gutt. 195; W AJPhil
XXVII 59 (OE to Skt gas- transgression, fault Gk gow pollution, guilt, expiation); L KZ XLVIII 99100M
(same as W); B 223224;
T-F 7; H AEEW 2;
W-H I 2324; P Gliederung 120; M I 23; P I
4; V ANEW 3; F I 18; O
89; A TB 36.
*akaz sb.m.: Run prop. akaR, Identical
with Gk gw leader, chief . Further
related to *akanan. F I 18; B Nom. 51.
*ake conj.: Goth ak but, however, OE ac
id., OS ak id., OHG oh id. Related to Gk
ge now, then, Lat age id. (H
IF XVII 458459). B KVG 616
(from *aa/*ai and particle *k(e) as in
Goth mik); H AEEW 1; F
ake
32; S GR XXVI 57 (to IE *asharp followed by a particle); L
GED 23.
*akra-karlaz sb.m.: ON akr-karl plowman, reaper, OE cer-ceorl id. Compound
of *akraz and *karlaz. C Nom. comp.
80 (parallel formations).
*akra-mannz sb.m.: ON akr-mar plowman, farmer, OE cer-man id., MLG
acker-man id., OHG ackar-man id. Compound of *akraz and *mannz. C Nom.
comp. 71 (parallel formations).
*akranan sb.n.: Goth akran fruit, ON
akarn acorn, OE cern id., MLG eckeren
id. Derived from *akraz (T-F 16).
Z apud Z Gutt. 213 (derivationally close to Celt *agrn sloe: Ir
irne, W aeron fruit MBret irin, and other
continuants of IE *g-); L IF XVIII
503506 (to Lith oga berry Slav *agoda
id.); U TNTL XXV 249;
P Kelt. Gr. I 103, 143; H AEEW 9; F 3233; P
I 773, KZ L 4648; V ANEW 4;
Z I 139; L GED 24;
B Nom. 83; K-S
204.
*akra-werkan sb.n.: ON akr-verk eldwork, OE cer-weorc id. MLG acker-werk
id. Compound of *akraz and *werkan.
C Nom. comp. 71 (parallel formations).
*akraz sb.m.: Goth akrs eld, ON akr id.,
OE cer id., OFris ekker id., OS akkar id.,
OHG ackar id. Related to Skt jra- plain,
eld, Gk grw eld, Arm art id., Lat
ager id. continuing IE *aros, a derivative
of *a- to drive (see *akanan). TF 7; B IF XVIII 132; P KZ XXXIX 352; K KZ LV
312313; H AEEW 8; WH I 22; F 33; T PBB
LXVII 126; M I 23; P
I 6; V ANEW 4; F I 16;
Z I 129; S 74; L
GED 24; B Nom. 74; LS I 4042; K-S 13;
B OFED s.v.
*akusiz sb.f.: OS akus axe, OHG ackus id.
In dat. sg. WGmc keeps traces of a root
12
ala-eu
stem. Probably related to Gk jnh id.,
Lat ascia axe of carpenters and masons
< *acsi ( J BuZ 20: reconstructs IE
*ag- parallel to *a-). Z Gutt. 89;
K Einleitung 164; WH I 7172; P I 9; F I
115116; Z II 205; O 66;
L-S I 44; K-S
70 (*akwesj).
*akwesj ~ *akwezj sb.f.: Goth aqizi
axe, ON x id. (*akusj ), OE cs, x id.,
OFris axa id. Derived from *akusiz.
Z Gutt. 89; T-F 7; H AEEW 9; F 54; P
Gliederung 133; P I 9; V
ANEW 683; Z II 205; L
GED 40; K-S 70.
*ala-xwtaz adj.: ON al-hvtr quite white,
OE eal(l)-hwt id., OS ala-hwt id. Compound of *alaz and *xwtaz. C Nom.
comp. 62.
*ala-maxtiaz adj.: ON al-mttigr almighty, OE eall-mihti id., OFris elmechtich id., OS ala-mahtg id., OHG
ala-mahtg id. Compound of *alaz and
*maxtiaz. C Nom. comp. 9192 (calque of Lat omnipotens).
*ala-mannz sb.m.: Goth ala-mans (all)
mankind, ON al-manna- general, common (in compounds), MLG al-man
mankind, OHG ethn. Ala-man. Cf.
Ala-mano, Ala-manni = OHG Ala-man.
Compound of *alaz and *mannz. C
Nom. comp. 5657; S PVN 68;
F 34; L GED 25.
*alanan str.vb.: Goth alan to grow on, to
feed on, ON ala to beget, to bear, OE
alan to nourish, to grow, to produce.
Related to Lat al to nourish, OIr alim
id. S KZ I 558 (to Lat part.
altus); T-F 20; H AEEW
3; W-H I 3132; F 34;
J IEW 3738; P I 26;
V ANEW 45; S 7577;
L GED 25.
*ala-eu sb.f.: ON al-j the commons, OS ala-thioda mankind. Compound of *alaz and *eu. C Nom.
comp. 59.
ala-walaz
*ala-walaz ~ *ala-waln sb.m.: ON
al-valdr sovereign king, OE eal-wealda id.,
OS ala-waldo id., MHG al-walte id. Compound of *alaz and *walan. L
GED 29 (calque of Gk pantokrtvr or
Lat omnipotens).
*alaz adj.: Goth ala-mans mankind, ON
al-vitr all-wise, OE eal-mihtig almighty,
OFris al-evna in a similar way, OS alahwt quite white, OHG ala-wri friendly,
benign. Usually compared with Toch B
l entire, uncastrated (?) and to Lat ollus
ille, OIr oll amplus. However, more
probably, immediately derived from
*alanan with a semantic development similar to that of Lat ttus all (to *teu- to
swell) and Lith vsas all, Slav *vs id.
(to Lith vesti to breed), see M St.
Balt. III 132; P Paideia VIII/45 292.
T-F 20; H AEEW 10;
W-H II 206207; F 33;
P I 2425; S 7576;
L GED 24; A TB 5354.
*albatiz ~ *albetiz sb.f./m.: ON lpt
swan (traces of a root stem), OHG elbiz
id. Cf. also OE ilfetu id. < *albet( j).
Derivative of *albh- white similar to Slav
*olbd ~ *elb\d swan. P KZ IV
124126; O IF VIII 6566; TF 22 (adduce Gk lefitw a kind of
sh); H AEEW 186; P
Gliederung 144; P I 30; C SGGJa I 80; V ANEW 101;
Z II 205; S LS 31;
T ESSJa VI 19.
*albaz sb.m.: Burg *alfs elf , ON alfr
nightmare, elf , OE lf elf, genius,
incubus, MLG alf evil spirit, OHG
alb id. Of uncertain origin. K KZ
IV 110 (to Skt bh- clever, skilful);
W Festschr. Bugge 152155 (to
*albh- white); T-F 21; S apud M StG XIII 513 (to
the name of the Alps); H
AEEW 186; P I 30; V ANEW
56; K 708; K-S
2425.
*albiz sb.f.: ON rvn. Elfr, Swed dial. lv
deep river-bed, OE rvn. Ielf, MLG elve
13
aliz
river-bed, MHG rvn. Elbe. Usually connected with Lat albus white, Gk lfw
dull-white leprosy (S Kl. Schr.
120). However, the meaning in Swed and
MLG makes this etymology not very reliable and implies the existence of a Gmc
appellative *albiz river, river-bed hardly
derived from a color adjective. TF 21; E SSUF 1939/13 115 (to
Swed dial. lv and Lat Alpes); WH I 2627; R Nazwy
174 (on hydronyms including that of the
Elbe); P I 3031; V ANEW
100; F I 8182.
*ala-dman sb.n.: Goth aldomo old
age, OE eald-dm age, OHG alt-tuom id.
Derived from *alaz ( J Festschr.
Noreen 457); for the derivational pattern
cf. *wsa-omaz. G Goten 18
(reconstructs superl. *aldumin, to *alanan);
E KZ LII 124; F 3435;
K Nom. Stamm. 81 (sux *-man
identical with Lat -men); L GED
25.
*alaz adj.: Crim.-Goth alt old, OE eald
id., OFris ald id., OS ald id., OHG alt id.
Derived from *alanan. Derivationally similar to Gk naltow sateless, Lat altus
high (B PBB XLIII 310324).
B PBB XLIII 310324; TF 20; W-H I 3132;
F 40; H AEEW 8384;
H IF XXXVIII 179183 (semantic parallel in Lat decem annos natus);
W-H I 3132; P
Festschr. Debrunner 343349; P I
26; F I 102; O 625; LS I 171173; S 76;
L-S I 171173; B Nom. 250251; H
9798; K-S 3031; B
OFED s.v.
*aliz sb.f.: Goth alds generation, age,
life-time, ON ld age, time, OE pl. ilde
men, OS pl. eldi people. Related to
*alaz, *alran. P I 2627;
B Btrg. Gesch. XLIII 310324;
T-F 20; H AEEW 186;
F 35; V Btrg. Gesch. LVIII 1118;
aliz
V ANEW 686; Z I 150; S 76; L GED 26; B Nom. 144.
*aln sb.f.: ON elli old age, OE ildu age,
life, OFris elde id., OS eld id., OHG elt
id. Derived from *alaz. T-F 20;
H AEEW 186; P I 27;
V ANEW 100; Z I 157;
H 98.
*aljanan wk.vb.: ON eldask to grow old,
OE ildan to delay, to tarry, to defer,
MHG elten to make old. Derived from
*alaz. H AEEW 186; V
ANEW 99; H 98.
*aln sb.f.: ON alda wave, Norw dial.
olda trough, Swed dial. lla long and
narrow hollow. Related to Slav *oldja
boat, Lith aldij, eldij river boat (L
BSB 34, 910). T-F 21; M RES VII 78; T BSW
6; P I 3132; F 120;
V-T II 510.
*alra-aaz sb.m.: ON pl. aldr-dagar
everlasting life, OE ealdor-d day of
life. Compound of *alran and *aaz.
C Nom. comp. 80 (parallel formations).
*alra-laan sb.n.: ON aldr-lag death,
destruction, OE ealdorl id., OS aldarlagu id. Compound of *alran and *laan.
C Nom. comp. 45.
*alran sb.n.: Goth adj. fram-aldrs aged,
advanced in age, ON aldr age, life, old
age (< *alraz), OE ealdor age, life, OS
aldar id., OHG altar id. Related to *alaz.
Continues IE *altrom, cf. OIr altram nourishment (cf. OIr altru foster-father W
athraw teacher), or *altros as in ltrw:
misyw, Hes. (B PBB XLIII 317).
Further connected with IE *al- to grow.
P Kelt. Gr. I 137, II 45; TF 20; H AEEW 84; F
164; V PBB LVIII 1118; P I
2627; V ANEW 5; Z II 165;
L GED 124; L-S
I 173174; B Nom. 86;
K-S 31.
*aliz ~ *elxaz ~ *elxn sb.m.: ON elgr
elk, OE eolh id., OHG elaho id. Accentual variants continuing IE *olis ~
14
alin
*elis (Gk lkh id., Lat alcs id., Slav *ols
id.) (M ZDADL XXXIX 26; O
Etym. I 318). K KZ I 39 (to IE
*to- bear); F KZ I 493 (same
as K); T-F 26; H AEEW 92; W-H I 28;
P I 303; V ANEW 100; F
I 75; O 306; S LS 3334;
K-S 215.
*alxz ~ *alxaz sb.f./m.: Goth alhs temple, ON -ll (in cmpn.), OE ealh
residence, temple, OS alah temple. The
consonantal stem appears to be a secondary modication of *alxaz. Identical
with Lith akas, alk holy grove (M BB XXII 241 B II 148149).
Cf. also Gk lk strength, defence,
lsow gorve, sacred grove (H
BB XXV 106)? Presumably further connected with Skt rkati to protect, to
guard, Gk ljv to ward o, to
defend. K KZ I 39; T
KZ XVI 188190; M WuS IX
108109 (to Lat ulciscor to avenge, to
punish); R Wortst. 1011 (derived
from *alanan); Z Gutt. 128; TF 21 (to Gk lk); H
AEEW 84; F 3637; P Gliederung
97; M III 30; P I 32;
V ANEW 67; F I 75; F
7; Z II 205; S LS 13;
L GED 27; B Nom.
195; G Wurzelnomina 3340.
*alina-bun sb.m.: ON ln-bogi elbow,
OE eln-boa id., MLG ellen-boge id., OHG
elin-bogo id. Derived from *alin and
*bun. T-F 273; C Nom.
comp. 46; V ANEW 686; O 305;
K-S 218.
*alin sb.f.: Goth aleina cubit (with *--),
ON ln cubit, forearm (partly *aliniz),
OE eln ell, OFris ielne id., OS elina id.,
OHG elina id. Related to Gk lnh id.,
Lat ulna id., OIr uilenn angle, W elin
elbow, OCorn elin id., Bret ilin id. (<
*oln, cf. the Gothic form), Alb llr ~
llan id. < *olen. K KZ XXVI 101
(on -ei- in Goth); R SAW [1919]
793 (reconstructs *--); P Kelt. Gr.
alin
II 59, 111; T-F 21; H
AEEW 90; W-H II 812;
F 35; P I 307-308; D VSJa
25 (pretonic shortening of *- in Gmc);
V ANEW 686; Z II 192;
F II 1146; O 306; O AED
238; L GED 26; S LL
352 (follows D); K-S
217218.
*aliz ~ *alis sb.f.: Goth *alisa alder
(> Sp aliso id.), OS elira id., elis- (in
cmpn.), OHG elira, erila id. Cf. also ON
elri < *alizjan, alri < *alizan. Identical with
Maced liza: lekh tn dndrvn
(Hes.), Slav *elxa alder Further connected with Lat alnus alder. Lith aksnis
id. P Beitrge 893895; K Glotta XV 305307; T-F
26, 560; G 27 (reconstruction of Goth); W-H I 31;
P I 302303; C SSGJa
I 57; F 8; F I 73; V
ANEW 101; Z II 214; O
23; T ESSJa VI 2324; KS 230.
*alja-lkt adv.: Goth alja-leiko otherwise,
ON el-liga, el-ligar id., OE comp. el-lcor,
elcor id., OFris comp. ekkor apart from
that, moreover, OS comp. elcor otherwise, OHG comp. elihhr further. Based
on the unattested adj. *alja-lkaz, compound of *aljaz and *lkaz. H
AEEW 89; F 3738; V ANEW
101; L GED 2728; B
OFED s.v.
*aljanan I wk.vb.: Goth aljan to fatten,
Norw dial. elja id. Derived from *alanan.
F 38; P I 26.
*aljanan II sb.n.: Goth aljan avidity,
eagerness, zeal, ON fem. eljan endurance, OE ellen strength, power, vigor,
OS ellean courage, OHG ellen zeal.
Derived from *aljaz with a semantic development similar to that of Gk deinw
fearful ~ dedv to be afraid going back
to *d two. F Spracheinh. 302 (to
Lat alacer lively, excited); O Nom.
Stamm. I 6366 (same as F); TF 20; J ZfdtPh XXXI 285
15
alkn
alkn
OE ealce id. Of unknown origin. L
ANF XIII 3031 (to Lat olor swan);
T-F 22; H AEEW 83;
V ANEW 6 (same as L).
*alla-berxtaz adj.: ON all-bjartr very
bright, OE eall-beorht id. Compound of
*allaz and *berxtaz. C Nom. comp. 63.
*alla-kalaz adj.: ON all-kaldr very cold,
OE eal-ceald id. Compound of *allaz and
*kalaz. C Nom. comp. 63.
*al(l)a-walanz sb.m.: Goth all-waldands
ruler, almighty, OS ala-waldand id.,
MHG al-waltende id. Participial form of a
compound based on *alaz or *allaz and
*walanan. A calque from Lat omnipotens
or Gk pantokrtvr cannot be excluded.
F 40; C Nom. comp. 57; S
KZ LXXXII 79 (extension of *al(l)awalaz ~ *al(l)a-walan); L GED
29.
*al(l)a-wrjaz adj.: ON l-vrr friendly,
hospitable, OE adv. eal-wer-lce liberally,
freely, MLG al-wr foolish, OHG alawri friendly, hospitable, benign. Cf.
also Goth allawerei simplicity, sincerity,
total gareement Compound of *alazor,
*allaz and *wrjaz. C Nom. comp. 62;
V ANEW 687; S IF LXXVIII
146162; K-S 25.
*allaz adj.: Goth alls all, ON allr id.,
OE eall id., OFris alle, al id., OS al id.,
OHG al id. Continues *alnaz derivationally close to Osc allo all, OIr uile id.
(U IF LXIII 241245). Further
connected with *alaz. K KZ I
516; M RG XXI 38 (from *alos
with a secondary geminate); T-F
21; H AEEW 84; WH II 206207; F 40, 579;
M Gm. 176; P I 2425;
V O-21; F 7 (no connection with Lith alii every, all); D SG 41 (to Arm amb-o all < *ol-);
V ANEW 7; V U-17-18;
O 25; S 76; L GED
29; L-S I 129131; B Nom. 228, 246; K-S
27; I Proc. IX UCLA 76; B
OFED s.v.
16
alu
*al(l)un(t) adv.: ON llung-is altogether, OE ealluna, eallina id., OS alung
id., OHG adj. alang whole. Derived
from *alaz, *allaz (H ANF XI
348). H AEEW 84; V
ANEW 686.
*alanaz ~ *alenaz adj.: Goth usalans old, inrm, ON aldinn old.
Participle of the unattested strong vb.
*alanan (with analogical -- in Gothic).
See *aljaz. F 529; S 7778.
*aljaz adj.: Goth aleis old, ON comp.
ellri older. Identical with OIr altae adult
(M Corr. 47). Further related
to *alanan. S KZ I 558 (to Lat
part. altus); T-F 20; B
PBB XLIII 310324; K NB II
330331, 370; T-F 20; F 40;
P I 27; V ANEW 101; M AGIt XLVI 139147 (Germanic
tradition of killing the aged); L
GED 2930; H 9899.
*alunaz sb.m.: ON lunn a kind of sh,
mackerel, OS alund whitesh, OHG
alunt id. Of unclear origin. Derived from
*alanan? L PBB LIX 254255;
T-F 558; H AWN 357
(to *aliz ~ *elxaz ~ *elxn); V ANEW
686687 (to *al- white); K-S
24.
*alu sb.n.: ON l beer, ale (wa-stem with
traces of a root stem), OE ealu, ealo id.,
OS alu- (in compounds). Connected with
or borrowed to OPrus alu mead, Lith
als id., Slav *ol id. Scyth *alut- (cf.
prop. Aloyagow and Osset luton beer)
from Gmc, indicative of the early chronology of Germanic contacts with East
Iranian (from where NCauc *VlVdwV
beer). Grg ludi, dial. aludi id. is also
from Gmc but hardly via Iranian. K
KZ XV 313314; S PBB X 449;
T-F 21; H PBB XXIII 336;
B KS 6466, 70 (Balt and Slav borrowed from Gmc); K Lehnw.
7880; H AEEW 84; S
195196; A OJaF 338339; P I 3334 (related to Lat alta a
kind of soft leather); F 89;
alu
V ANEW 686; Z I 221;
O 24; S LS 13; VT III 132133; B
Nom. 215; N-S NCED
224.
*alu-bankiz sb.m./f.: ON l-bekkr alebench, OE ealu-benc id. Compound of
*alu and *bankiz. C Nom. comp. 55.
*alu-xsan sb.n.: ON l-hs ale-house,
OE ealu-hs id. Compound of *alu and
*xsan. C Nom. comp. 82 (parallel
formations).
*aluz sb.m.: ON lr alder, OE alor id.
Variant of *aliz ~ *alis. H
AEEW 3; P I 302; V ANEW
686; Z II 214.
*ammn sb.f.: ON amma grandmother,
MDu amme nanny, OHG amma id. A
Lallwort typical of many other languages
cf. Gk mm mother. T-F 16;
V ANEW 8; L-S I
205206; K-S 3334.
*ampraz adj.: ON apr cold, sharp, MDu
amper sour, sharp. Probably from an earlier *amraz. Related to Skt aml- sour <
*om6ro- Lat amrus bitter. J IF
III 240; T-F 16; K NB II
256257; W-H I 35; M I 46; P I 778; V
ANEW 11; L-S I 207209;
H 99100; K-S
35.
*amsaz sb.m.: Goth ams shoulder.
Related to Hitt an(a)a part of the back,
Toch A es, B ntse shoulder, Skt said., Arm us id., Gk mw id. (with lengthening of the root vowel), Lat umerus id.,
Slav *s mustache continuing IE *omsos
~ *omesos (L apud A KZ I
2834). T-F 1617; SN I 636; W-H II 815;
F 4041; M I 14; P
I 778; V ANEW 16; F II 1148;
Z I 129; T Etim. 1970
1314; L GED 30; A TB
4344.
*amsln sb.f.: OE sle blackbird, OHG
amsla id. Usually connected with Lat
merula id. and Celt *mesalk or *misalk >
17
ananan
ananan
S 7879; V-T I
349; L GED 385; B
Nom. 77; A TB 12; B IFTJa
237.
*ana prep.: Goth and throughout, from
one side to the other, ON and- opposite,
against, OE and- id., OS and- id., OHG
ant- id. Closely related to Gk nta opposite, Lith at on, in order to. Cf. comp.
Goth andiz-uh either, ON endr, enn in
times of yore, again, OE nd formerly, of
old, OS endi earlier, MHG end id. For
further connections see *anjaz. TF 13; L SNF IX/1 6; H AEEW 5, 90; F 46, 50;
P I 49; F 11, IF XL
8890; V ANEW 9, 102; F I
112113; S Studien 310 315 (to
*an followed by *-ta, *-ti ); L GED
34, 37.
*anbaxtaz sb.m.: Goth andbahts servant, ON ambtt bondwoman (> *anbaxt ), OE ambeht servant, OHG ambaht
id. If Goth -nd- is due to analogy with the
prex and-, an alternative reconstruction
*ambaxtaz is more acceptable. Borrowed
from Celt *amb(i)-aktos: Gaul-Lat ambactus
servant W amaeth servus arans (A
J MSL VII 289290).
Z ZfceltPh III 353, 374 (on the substitution of Celt amb- with Gmc *an-);
B IF XIX 390 (on the structure
of the Celtic word); T-F 13; H AEEW 3; F 4849; WH I 3637; V ANEW 8;
B IEL 110111; L GED
36; L-S I 195196; KS 3536.
*anbaxt( j)an sb.n.: Goth andbahti service, ON embtti id., OE ambiht oce,
ministry, service, OS ambaht service,
OHG ambaht id., ambahti id. Derived from
*anbaxtaz. T-F 13; H
AEEW 3; F 4849; V ANEW
102; Z II 214; K-S
3536.
*ani conj.: ON en, enn and, OE and id.,
OFris and, anda id., MDu enn id. A full
grade of the conjunction originally re-
18
ann
ecting *te. Cf. Skt nti before, near,
tha then, now (if from *t-), Gk nt
over against. See *uni. T-F
1314; H AEEW 5; M I 28 (against the connection with
Skt); P I 50; V ANEW 102;
F I 113114; O 36; KS 847; B OFED s.v.
*ani-lausaz adj.: Goth andi-laus endless, ON enda-lauss id., OE ende-les innite, eternal, OS endi-ls endless, MHG
ende-ls id. Compound of *anjaz and
*lausaz. F 50; C Nom. comp. 88
(parallel formations); L GED 229.
*anjaz sb.m.: Goth andeis end, ON endir
id., OE ende id., OFris enda, ende id., OS
endi id., OHG neut. enti id. Based on IE
adv. *anti opposite (Skt nti before,
near, Gk nt, see also *ana). Cf. in
particular Skt antya- last, Gk ntow
opposite. Cf. also *anjan > ON enni
forehead with a dierent stress. TF 13; H AEEW 90; F
49; W-H I 54; M I
3536; P I 4850; V ANEW
102103; F I 113114; Z II
165; O 313; L GED 36;
B Nom. 66; K-S
220221; B OFED s.v.
*anjjanan wk.vb.: ON enda to end,
OE endian id., OFris endia id., OS endion,
endn id., OHG entn id. Derived from
*anjaz. H AEEW 91; V
ANEW 102.
*an sb.f.: ON nd porch. Compared
with Skt t door frame, Lat antae pillars or pilasters on each side of doors
(B KZ XIX 401). Yet, a comparison
with *anjaz is not less attractive. TF 13; W-H I 52; M I 72; V ANEW 687.
*anjanan wk.vb.: ON anda to breathe,
OE ian to blow strongly. Derived
from *ann. H AEEW 243;
P I 38; V ANEW 9.
*ann sb.m.: ON andi breath, OE anda
malice, envy, hatred, OS ando breath,
OHG anto zeal. Cf. also ON nd breath
< *an. Derived from *ananan. Structur-
ann
ally similar to Gk ntai: nemoi, Hes.
T-F 1011; H AEEW
6; P I 38; V ANEW 687;
F I 113; Z I 152; S
78.
*anaraz sb.m.: OHG angar corn worm.
May be close to Gk mbhriw: gxeluw,
Meyumnaoi, Hes. < *eng (h)ri- and Lith
ungurs eel (from *angurs, cf. O
LP V 26), OPrus angurgis id., Slav *gr
pimple, maggot, eel (T BB
XXIX 307). B BB II 154;
Z Gutt. 128; P I 44;
F 1163; F I 725; S LS
40; V-T IV 146147;
T PJa I 8889.
*anaz sb.m.: ON angr grief, sorrow.
Originally, a neut. s-stem identical with
Skt has- anxiety, trouble, Lat angor
strangling, anguish. F III 12; TF 12; U PBB XXXVI 7;
W-H I 47; M I 14;
P I 43; V ANEW 10.
*an(i)laz sb.m.: ON pl. Englar Angles,
OE Engle id., OHG Angil- (in cmpn.).
Rendered as Lat Anglii, Gk Aggeloi.
Related to *ann II, *anulaz (L
Festschr. Sahlgren 23). E SVSU
I/1 114 (to *ann); V ANEW 102.
*an(i)liskaz adj.: ON enskr Anglian, OE
enlisc id., OFris engelsk id., MLG engelsch
id. Derived from *an(i)laz. H AEEW 91; V ANEW 103.
*anj sb.f.: ON eng meadow, MDu eng
farmland. Related to *anraz. V
ANEW 102; K-S 39.
*ann I sb.m.: ON angi sweet odor.
Close to Arm anjn soul < *anhen- (L
Arm. St. 3839). L KZ
XXXV 274 (to Gk mf: sm Lkvnew);
T-F 557; P I 43; V
ANEW 10.
*ann II sb.m.: ON angi spine, prickle,
OE ana thorn, sharp point, OHG ango
hook, hinge. Related to Skt cati to
bend, to curve, ak- curve, hook, Lat
uncus bent; hook, Gk gkn bend of the
arm, elbow. T-F 12; H AEEW 6; W-H II 816;
19
anwi
anwi
*anwjaz. F 13; V ANEW 682;
B Nom. 117; H
100.
*anwjanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-aggwjan to
oppress, to constrain, OHG engen to
scare, to press. Derived from *anuz ~
*anwjaz. T-F 12; F 174;
V ANEW 682; L GED 9;
H 100.
*anwn sb.m./f.: Goth bals-agga neck,
narrow of the neck (leg. hals-agga), OHG
anka occiput. Related to *anuz ~
*anwjaz. Cf. a similar formation in Gk
mfhn neck, throat. S KZ X
461 (to Gk ggow pitcher, bucket, vessel);
Z Gutt. 89; F 242; P
4243; L GED 175.
*anxt sb.f.: OE ht fear, terror, hostile
pursuit, OFris acht, achte hostile pursuit,
OHG hta persecution. Close to Ir cht
manslaughter < *anktu-. Further connected with *anuz ~ *anwjaz. TF 558; H AEEW 241;
P I 45 (further to Gk ngkh
force, constraint, necessity); LS I 118120; K-S
1213.
*anxulaz sb.m.: ON ll seed, sprout. An
accentual variant of *anulaz. Derivationally close to Skt akur- sprout, shoot,
Gk gkulow crooked, curved (F ANF
VI 115). See *anxul. T-F 12;
P I 46; V ANEW 6; F
I 11.
*anxul sb.f.: ON l strap, bridle. Despite a dierent stress pattern, identical
with Gk gklh id. Further related to
*anulaz, *anxulaz. T-F 12; P I 46; V ANEW 4; F I 11.
*ankalaz ~ *ank(u)l(n) sb.m./f.: ON
kkla ankle, OFris onkel id., MDu ankel
id., OHG ankala id. Cf. also MLG enkel
id., OHG enkil id. < *ankilaz. Derived
from *ankn. Structurally similar to Lat
angulus angle and, Slav *gl id. TF 11; W-H I 4849;
P I 47; V ANEW 686; O
38; V-T IV 145; L-
20
ansaz
S I 258261; K-S
222; B OFED s.v.
*ankn sb.m.: MHG anke scru, thigh,
shank. Related to Skt ga- limb. A
further connection with Gk diyr-ambow
dithyramb (F BB XXI 195) is
probable and would imply *ang o- as a
source. M I 21; P I
4647; V ANEW 99; F I 8.
*ankwn sb.m.: OHG anko butter. Close
to Lat unguen fatty substance, ointment,
Umbr umen fat, OIr imb butter <
*g en- (S Scripta 872874).
Cf. also OPrus anctan butter < *ong t-om. Further connected with Skt ankti
to anoint, Lat ungu id. T-F
11; T BSW 910; WH II 819820; P I 779;
C SGGJa I 102; T PJa
I 91; B Nom. 175; LS I 263265; K-S 41.
*ann sb.f.: OHG ana grandmother. Cf.
also OHG ano grandfather. A descriptive word similar with Hitt anna- mother,
anna- grandmother, Arm han id., Gk
nnw: mhtrw patrw mthr, Hes., Lat
anna foster-mother, Messap ana ptnia,
OPrus ane old woman. T-F 11;
W-H I 50; A I 148;
P I 36; F I 112; B
190; P III 8486; L-S
I 215217; K-S 20.
*ansaz sb.m.: Goth ans beam, ON ss
pole, rafter, MHG ans-boum beam of a
bridge. Related to Lat nsa handle, MIr
pl. isi rein, OPrus ansis hook, Lith [s
handle, loop (G Got. 27).
H BB XXV 108 (to Skt nacart, Lat onus burden); T-F 14
(to OIr asna rib); U PBB XXX
260261 (same as H); M
IF XVIII 26 (to Gk nomai to go back,
to return), XXI 302303, WuS IX 115
(to *ansiz ~ *ansuz); T-F 14 (to Lat
asser beam); W JEGP II 213 (to *sis
sword); W-H I 5152; F
52; P I 48; T PJa I 92;
L GED 38.
ansiz
*ansiz ~ *ansuz sb.m.: Goth-Lat pl.
anses (pagan) god, ON ss id., OE s id.,
OS s, s in prop. (a-stem), OHG ansi(in cmpn.). Identical with Skt su- life,
vital strength, Av ahu- id., Venet ahsucult image (B ZDMG XL 347).
G DM 22 (to *ansaz, in view of worship pillars erected to Germanic gods);
F KZ I 243; B
283; T-F 14; G
ZDADL XXXVI 313; M IF XVII
159160, WuS IX 115 (to *ansaz);
G Weltknig 102 (follows B);
H AEEW 242; F 5253;
M I 6566; V ANEW 16;
P EG VIII 3644; P I 48;
Z II 198; L GED 3839.
*ansj sb.f.: ON s outer border, edge (of
a shoe), MLG se loop, sling. Derived
from *ansaz. Identical with Gk na
bridle, reins (P Beitrge 5; F
NVA 1919 131). T-F 14; W
Festschr. Streitberg 153154; WH I 5152; P I 48;
F 18; V ANEW 681; F
I 637.
*anstiz sb.f.: Goth ansts benecence, graciousness, grace, ON st love, aection,
OE st will, consent, favor, grace, OFris
enst favor, grace, OS anst id., OHG anst
id. Derived from *unnanan. S
KZ I 143; T-F 14; F 53;
P I 47; V ANEW 16; Z II 228; S 79; L GED
39; B Nom. 144.
*anstjanan wk.vb.: ON sta to demand,
to ask, MHG ensten to be kind. Derived
from *anstiz. V ANEW 681.
*anera-lkaz adj.: Goth adv. anar-leiko
dierently, otherwise, OS ar-lk id.,
OE adv. er-lce. Compound of *aneraz
and *lkaz. F 54; L GED 40.
*aneraz adj.: Goth anar other, ON
annarr id., OE er id., OFris ther id., OS
ar id., OHG ander id. Identical with Skt
ntara- other, Av antara- id., Osc anter id.,
OPrus antars other, Lith atras, ataras
id., Slav *vtor second. M Etudes
21
ap(u)laz
ap(u)laz
54, 579; H Waldbume 477479;
H AEEW 11; L Language
IX 251 (on Celtic words); P I
12; C SGGJa I 6364; V
ANEW 103; B I 433; Z II
214; F I 515; O 44; H
ZfceltPh XXXVII 164 (from non-IE
*blu); A IF XL 7982 (against
H); T ESSJa I 4447;
I-G 637641 (to Hitt
amluanza id.); L-S I 6063,
298301; L GED 40; KS 4647.
*arbaiiz sb.f.: Goth arbais work, labor,
OFris arb(i)d id., OS arbth id., OHG
arbeit id. An unusual derivative of *arbaz.
Probably, a compound of *arbaz and
*iiz. K KZ I 39; G Goten 2728 (to *arjanan); B BB XXVII 150; P KZ
XXXVI 94; B IF XIX 384
(deverbative from the unattested *arbj );
T-F 19; U PBB XVI
562; M IF XVII 128 (compound
of *arbho- plow-animal and *i-ti- walk,
tread); F 55; K HS 170 (to
Lith drbas work); P I 782;
Z II 214; S LS 44; L
GED 4041; L-S I 313318;
K-S 50.
*arbaijan sb.n.: ON eri toil, labor,
OE earfo hardship, trouble, OS arbthi
toil, labor, OHG fem. arbeiti id. Derived
from *arbaiiz. H AEEW 86;
P I 782; V ANEW 103104;
Z II 214; L GED 4041.
*arbaijanan wk.vb.: ON era to toil,
to labor, OE earfoian to to trouble,
OHG arbeitn to torment. Derived from
*arbaiiz. T-F 19.
*arbaz sb.m.: ON arfr inheritance. Related to OIr orb(b)e id. Further connected
with Skt rbha- little, weak, young, Gk
rfanw orphaned, Lat orbus bereaved,
parentless, Slav *orb slave. K KZ I 39; S PBB XII 176177;
T-F 19; M IF XVII 128;
W MLN XXI 39 (to Skt arpyati to
22
araz
put into, to x); P PBB XL
97101; W-H II 219220;
F 56; P Gliederung 121122;
P I 781; V ANEW 13; F
II 431; Z II 214; B
6870; V-T III 453;
G Inheritance passim; L
GED 41; B Nom. 53.
*arbjan sb.n.: Goth arbi inheritance, heritage, ON er wake, funeral feast, OE
erfe inheritance, OFris erve id., OS erbi
id., OHG erbi id. Close to OIr orb(b)e id.
Derived from *arbaz. A J MSL VII 286288 (from Celtic);
T-F 19; M IF XVII 128
(to *arjanan); H AEEW 186;
F 56; P Gliederung 121122
(from Celtic); P I 781; C SGGJa I 96; V ANEW 1213,
103; Z II 214; B IEL
6870; L GED 41; B
Nom. 53, 66; K-S 227; B OFED s.v.
*arbjanan ~ *arbjjanan wk.vb.: ON
erfa to honor with a funeral feast, OE
irfan to inherit, OFris ervia id., OS giervan id., OHG ir-erben id. Derived from
*arbjan. Structurally close to Slav *orbiti
to work. H AEEW 186;
V ANEW 103; V-T
III 487; B OFED s.v.
*arbja-waraz sb.m.: ON er-vrr, arfvrr heir, OE irfe-weard guardian of an
inheritance, heir, OS erbi-ward heir.
Compound of *arbjan and *waraz.
C Nom. comp. 47.
*arbjn sb.m.: Goth arbja heir, inheritor,
ON ar id. (a-stem), OE ierfa id., OFris
erva id., MLG erve id., OHG erbo id.
Related to *arbjan. Structurally close to
Gaul PN Orbius (V 027).
T-F 19; H AEEW 186;
F 56; P Gliederung 121; P
I 781; V ANEW 1213; Z II
214; L GED 4142; S
Festschr. Meid 359368; K-S
227228; B OFED s.v.
*araz adj.: ON ein-arr rm, single, OE
araz
sbst. eard state, condition, MDu sbst. aert
kind, situation, MHG sbst. art kind.
Related to Skt t- right, true, Av aatruth, right, Arm ard structure, Gk
mart together, at once, Lat artus
tted, close, strait, narrow. B 229238; T-F 17; WH I 70; M I 122;
P I 57; F I 87; KS 54.
*ariz ~ *ariz sb.f.: ON r crop,
produce, OE ir plowing, tilling, crop,
produce, OFris raef-erd plowing o
boundaries, OHG art plowed land,
yield. Derivative of *arjanan. T-F
18; H AEEW 187; P I
62; V ANEW 688; Z I 150;
S 82; L-S I 347349;
B Nom. 144; K-S
5455.
*araz adj.: Burg *args cowardly, mean,
ON argr emasculate, eeminate, OE ear
inert, weak, timid, cowardly, OFris erch
evil, wrong, MLG arch angry, evil,
OHG arg greedy, cowardly, worthless.
Related to Lith ars, ers salacious,
lecherous (B Aist. st. 119), further to
Hitt ark- to climb, to cover, Gk rxomai to dance, to jump. K NB I
49; W IF XLI 1618; S IF XLV 307 (to Skt hnt- small);
Z Gutt. 208; T-F 19; H AEEW 85; L PBB
LIV 157 (to Gk rxw rectum, anus);
P I 339; V ANEW 13 (to
Toch AB erkt depreciatory); F
123124; F II 433; K SUR 58;
L-S I 321324; P
Festschr. Risch 154155; H
102103; K-S 51 (to Gk rxiw
scrotum); B OFED s.v.
*arn sb.f.: ON ergi lewdness, lust, OHG
arg negligence, greed. Derived from *araz. V ANEW 104; H 102.
*arjanan wk.vb.: ON ergjask to become
a coward, MHG gi-ergen to spoil, to
destroy. Derived from *araz. H 103.
23
arma-bun
arma-xertaz
*arma-xertaz adj.: Goth arma-hairts
merciful, compassionate, OE earm-heort
id., OHG arm-herz id. Calque of Lat
misericors id. (R Einwirk. 345). Compound of *armaz II and *xertn. K
Btrg. Gesch. XXXV 148149, 159; H AEEW 86; F 57; C NC
34 (OHG < Goth); B ZdPh XCVIII
109129; L GED 4243; KS 82.
*arma-xerti sb.f.: Goth arma-hairtia
mercy, charity, OHG arm-herzida id.
Calque of Lat misericordia id. (R
Einwirk. 345). Cf. *arma-xertaz. F 57;
L GED 43.
*arma-xertn sb.f.: Goth arma-hairtei
mercy, compassion, OHG arm-herz id.
Calque of Lat misericordia id. (R
Einwirk. 345). Cf. *arma-xertaz. F 57;
L GED 43.
*arma-lkaz adj.: ON arm-ligr pitiful,
OE earm-lc miserable, wretched, OS
arm-lk id., OHG armi-lh id. Derived
from *armaz. H 104.
*armaz I sb.m.: Goth arms arm (from
*armiz), ON armr id., OE earm id., OFris
erm, arm id., OS arm id., OHG arm id.
Related to Skt rm- id., Av ar6m id., Lat
armus upper part of the arm, Gaul aram
fork, OPrus irmo arm and in particular,
with the same ablaut grade, Slav *orm
shoulder (K KZ I 39). B
Aist. (adds Lith pl. arma bars holding the
front shaft of a cart which is, however,
from dial. German); B 197;
T-F 18; H AEEW 86;
W-H I 69; F 58; M I 96; P I 58; F
16; V ANEW 14; Z II 185;
O 50; V-T III
440441; H JIES X 187189;
L GED 43; L-S I
331333; K-S 52; B
OFED s.v.
*armaz II adj.: Goth arms poor, pitiable,
miserable, ON armr id., OE earm id.,
OFris erm poor, OS arm id., OHG arm
poor, powerless. Probably continues
*arbmaz derived from *arbaz ( J
24
arnuz
PBB XV 223224; W MLN XXI 39).
On the other hand, cf. Skt armaka- ruins
based on the unattested adj. *arma- (H Festschr. Knobloch 189193; BS Festschr. Eggers 40), Hitt armansickness (I Etimologija 1979 131).
F III 24 (to Gk rmow desolate,
lonely); M MSL X 280 (to Arm
o-orm pity); T-F 19; F 5758;
H AEEW 86; W IF
XLI 304329; M KZ LXXVI
178 180 (to Hitt araza- outside, all
around); S 264 (same as
J); V ANEW 14; S
427428 (follows M); B-S
Festschr. Eggers 1841 (to Lith rti to fall
apart, to dissolve); R ZfBalk XIII
133138; P 157160; L
GED 43; L-S I 333335;
B Nom. 71 (to Gk ryron
joint), 244; K-S 5253;
H 104105; B OFED
s.v.
*armnan wk.vb.: Goth arman to have
mercy, to pity, OS part. gi-armod poor,
needy, OHG armn to become poor.
Derived from *armaz poor, probably a
calque of Lat miserri (K Btrg. Gesch.
XXXV 159). F 57; L GED
43; H 104.
*armjanan wk.vb.: ON erma to keep
unhappy, OE irman to make miserable,
to aict. Derived from *armaz II.
H AEEW 186; V ANEW
104; H 104.
*arniz adj.: Goth adv. arniba certainly,
ON ern brisk, vigorous. Related to Skt
ra- undulating, surging and further to
ti to arise, to move, Gk rnumi to set
into motion (B ZdWf VI
355). T-F 17; B IF
XIX 384; F 58; P I 328;
V ANEW 105; F II 422424;
O 297; L GED 4344;
H 105.
*arnuz ~ arnaz sb.m.: ON rn eagle,
OE earn id., OS arn id. (in prop.), OHG
arn id. (i-stem). Based on *arn. Structurally similar to Gk rniw bird, rneon
arnuz
id. H AEEW 86; P I
326; F II 421422; V ANEW
688; Z II 220; O 324.
*arn sb.m.: Goth ara eagle, ON ari id.,
OS aro id., OHG aro id. Related to Hitt
ara(n)- id., Gk rniw bird, Bret er
eagle, cf. also Lith erlis, arlis id., Slav
*orl id. M Etudes 418; TF 17; S DVN 345352;
T BSW 13; F 5455; P I 325326; C SGGJa I
111; F 122, KZ LVIII 285287;
V ANEW 13; F II 421422;
Z II 220; O 324; VT III 150151; L GED
40; B Nom. 176; P III
137139; L-S I 341344;
K-S 2.
*arsaz sb.m.: ON ars behind, backside,
OE ears id., OS ars id., OHG ars id.
Related to Gk rrow id., Arm o, pl. ok',
continuing IE *orsos, cf. also OIr err tail
< *ers. P Kelt. Gr. II 101;
T-F 20; H AEEW 86;
P I 340; V ANEW 14; F
II 427; Z I 129; L-S
I 345346; B Nom. 54;
K-S 54.
*artjanan wk.vb.: ON erta to taunt, to
tease. Identical with Skt ardyati to make
ow (causative of rdati, dti to ow,
to dissolve), Lith ardti to untie, to
unstitch. T-F 19; M
apud V ANEW 105 (to *araz);
M I 51; P I 63 (to OIr
aird point, top), 329330; F
1516; V ANEW 105.
*artn sb.f.: ON arta teal, Anas querquedula, OE earte wagtail. Probably
connected with *artjanan. Similarity with
Lat ardea heron, Gk rdiw, =vdiw
id. may be deceptive. T-F 19;
H AEEW 86; W-H I 64; P I 68; C
SGGJa I 59; V ANEW 15; F I
572573.
*arraz sb.m.: ON arr plow, Close to
Gk rotron id., OIr arathar id., Lat artrum id. Further connected with *arjanan.
25
aseluz
aseluz
241242). F KZ I 495;
S PBB XLIV 497498;
H AEEW 93; F 5960;
S Kl. Schr. 507 (follows L);
L GED 45; K-S
233.
*asj(n) sb.f.: ON esja a kind of clay,
OHG essa chimney. Related to *azenaz
~ *azenan. T-F 22; P
I 68; V ANEW 105106; KS 234.
*askaz sb.m.: Burg *asks ash-tree, ON
askr id., OE sc id., OS ask id. (< *askiz),
OHG asc id. (< *askiz). Close to Arm
hac'i id., Alb ah beech < PAlb *aska, cf.
also Gk ja beech. H Waldbume
121; Z Gutt. 159; T-F 23;
H AEEW 12; P I 782;
V ANEW 15; F II 400; Z
I 185; O 54; N Sprache
XXVII 2229 (Indo-Iranian parallels);
L-S I 360363; KS 233; O AED 2.
*askjan sb.n.: ON eski ashen box, MDu
esch id., esche ash. Derived from *askaz.
S KZ LXI 136; V ANEW 106.
*askn sb.f.: Goth azgo ashes (with voiced
inlaut), ON aska id., OE sce id., MLG
asche id., OHG asca id. Connected with
Arm aiun id. < *azg-. Cf., on the other
hand, *s- in Hitt aa- ashes, hearth,
Skt sa- ashes, dust and *azd- in Gk za
dry dirt (W KZ XXXI 290).
M Esquisse 29; O PBB XIII
396399 (from *ast-k-n, to Gk zv to
dry up, to parch); Z Gutt. 96;
G Goten 41 (Goth sux *-vs. other Gmc *-k-); T-F 22;
K KZ XXXI 452; H AEEW 12; F 72; S 69;
M I 83; P I 69;
C SGGJa I 110; V ANEW
15; F I 2526; Z I 155;
O 54; L GED 54; KS 56.
*asnjaz sb.m.: Goth asneis day-laborer,
hired man, OE esne servant, OHG asni,
esni id. Derived from *az(a)niz ~ *asaniz.
H AEEW 94; F 60; O
26
atiskaz
297; L GED 45; B
Nom. 6667.
*aspiz ~ *asp(n) sb.f.: ON sp asp,
OE sp id., spe id., OHG aspa id., Cf.
also MLG espe id. < *aspjn. Connected
with Latv apse id., OPrus abse id., Slav
*osa id. T-F 23; T
BSW 1113; H AEEW 13;
T KZ LXIX 175 (on Skt sphy- id.
< *aspi-); P I 55; F 14;
V ANEW 688; Z II 214;
J KZ LXXIX 8991, XCVII
202203; O 54; S LS 13;
V-T III 156; LS I 370372; K-S
234.
*astaz I sb.m.: Goth asts branch, bough,
OS ast id., OHG ast id. Note a derivative
with a long grade *staz knot, knob: OE
st, MLG st. Identical with Gk zow
branch, Arm ost twig. Further cf. Hitt
ater- twigs, stick. B Language III 213214 (*ozdo- < *o-s(e)do-);
S Language IV 163; T-F
559 (to Gk sxow shoot); H
AEEW 243; F 60; P I 280;
C SGGJa I 110; F II 353;
D Vddhi 236238; L GED
45; K IF XCII 2932; P
III 339340; L-S I 373375;
K-S 58.
*astaz II sb.m.: OE ast kiln, MDu ast id.
Identical with Gk za dryness, heat,
Slav *ozd malt-kiln, oast. F I
2526; P I 6869; C
SGGJa I 88 (to Lat aestus heat); O
619; D BSA 229230.
*at prep.: Goth at from, at, with, ON at
at, to, OE t id., OFris et id., OS at id.,
OHG az id. Related to Phryg ad-, Lat ad
id., Umbr a-, Osc az id., OIr ad-.
T-F 910; H AEEW
13; W-H I 1112; F
6061; P I 3; V ANEW 16;
O 58; L GED 45; B
OFED s.v.
*atiskaz sb.m.: Goth atisk standing grain,
graineld (masc. or neut.), MLG esch id.,
OHG ezzisca seed. Derived from *atjanan
atiskaz
(D VW I 78; G Got.
31). G DG I 47; L KZ VII
180 (from *ades-ko-, to Lat ador spelt);
F I 351 (to Gk yr awn); TF 24; S-N II 648 (follow L); F 61; L Language
XIV 25 (to Toch A ti, B acc. atiyai
grass); P Toch. 64 (against L);
P I 3 (follows L); R
Gedenkschr. Gntert 7778 (follows G); L GED 46; KS 233.
*atjanan wk.vb.: Goth fra-atjan to give
away (to be eaten), ON etja to fodder,
OE ettan id., OFris etta id., MLG etten id.,
OHG ezzen id. Causative of *etanan.
H AEEW 94; F 61; V
ANEW 106; S 180; L GED
208; K-S 61.
*attn sb.m.: Goth atta father, ON atti
id., OFris aththa id., OHG atto ancestor.
A nursery word (M BSL XXXIV/
101 12), cf. Gk tta id., Lat atta id.
and the like. T-F 10; F
ZDMG I (NF) 159 (from one of the languages of Asia Minor), Glotta XXIII
207210; F 62; M Gm. 56,
6465, 161162; P Gliederung 129;
P I 70; V ANEW 17;
Z I 153; B IEL 169,
370; L Expr. 254255; LS I 385388; L GED 46;
K-S 6061.
*atuaz adj.: Crim.-Goth atochta bad (leg.
atocha?). Identical with Hitt atug(a)ihorrible, frightening < *oduko- (T KZ XCII 108111), further to Lat
d to hate, Gk dssomai id., Arm
ateam id. (G ZdPh XXX 127;
T KZ XLII 108111). WH II 202203; F 61; P
I 773; L GED 46; P III
375376; H 106107.
*atulaz adj.: ON atall erce, OE atol
dire, terric, terrible, MDu atel terrible.
Cf. also ON etja to ght, to contend <
*atjanan. Related to Lat di to hate, Gk
dssomai id., Arm ateam id. (F BB I
334, II 195). See *atuaz. T-F
27
aaljanan
aaljanan
to win, OE e-elian to render celebrated. Derived from *aalan. H 108.
*a(i) ptcl.: Goth a-an but then, but.
Related to Toch A atas, B ate away, Skt
ti beyond, very, Av aiti id., OIr aithagainst, Slav *ot from. B 54; T-F 10; F 63;
P I 70; V-T III
168; A TB 10.
*anaz sb.n.: Goth an year. Identical
with Lat annus id. < *atnos, Osc akene in
the year, Umbr acc. pl. acnu year.
M KZ XXVIII 164 (further to Skt
tati to go, to walk); F BB XVI
196197; T-F 10; S BB
XX 8; B IF XVII 492; WH I 51; F 6263; S
TPS 172175 (Lat annus < *asnos);
P I 69; C SGGJa I 90;
L GED 47.
*anjan sb.n.: Goth at-ani year. Structurally close to Lat bi-ennium. Derived
from *anaz. W-H I 51.
*aua-funiz ~ *aua-funjaz adj.:
ON au-fyndr easily perceived, clear, OE
e-fynde easy to be found. Compound of
*auaz ~ *auan and *funiz II. C
Nom. comp. 92 (parallel formations);
M KZ CV 105.
*auaaz ~ *auiaz adj.: Goth audags
blessed, fortunate, ON auigr rich, opulent, OE edi happy, blessed, prosperous, OS dag rich, opulent, OHG tag
id. Derived from *auaz ~ *auan.
Z BB XXIII 275276 (to Lat
autumnus autumn); T-F 6; H AEEW 83; F 63; P
Gliederung 130; V ANEW 18; L
GED 47.
*aua-tiz ~ *aua-tjaz adj.: ON
au-tt easily got, OE e-ete easily
got, prepared. Compound of *auaz ~
*auan and a derivative of *etanan.
C Nom. comp. 92 (parallel formations).
*auanaz ~ *auenaz sb.m.: ON auinn
lent, OE eden given, OS dan given as
a gift. Participle of the unattested verb
*auanan. See *auaz ~ *auan. T-
28
aujaz
F 6 (to Lith usti to weave); H AEEW 83; L Festschr.
Pipping 354; J IEW 78;
K SuV 105; P I 76; V
ANEW 18; S 8384.
*auaz ~ *auan sb.m./n.: Burg *aud(s)
wealth, ON aur fate, destiny, wealth
(partly < *auiz), OE ed possession,
riches, prosperity, happiness, OS d
happiness. Cf. Goth auda-hafts fortunate, blessed, MHG klein-t treasure.
Probably, connected with W udd < *audos
lord, master, Bret ozach < *udakkos
home owner. Also compared with Lat
ber rich, fertile < *oudh-ero- (S
IBK XV 207). L RC XLI 234; T
SHS 172 (to Lith udu, usti to weave);
F Goth. 56 (to IE *au(6)- to
increase); T-F 6 (same as T);
H AEEW 83; WH II 738739; P Gliederung
130; P I 6276; C
SGGJa I 72; V ANEW 18 (separates
ON aur riches, wealth from aur fate,
destiny); Z I 185; M KZ
LXXXII 288297 (to Gk atw self );
S 83; L GED 47; K
708; B Nom. 54.
*aua-uran ~ *aua-ur(n) sb.n./f.:
Goth auga-dauro window, OE e-dru
id., OHG ouga-tora id. Compound of
*aun and *uran, *ur. C Nom.
comp. 44.
*au(a)njanan wk.vb.: Norw dial. ygna
to show, MLG t-nen id., OHG ougenen
id. Derived from *aun. T-F 5.
*auiaz adj.: late ON eygr having eyes,
OE sr-eede blear-eyed. Derived from
*aujanan. T-F 5; V ANEW
107.
*aujanan wk.vb.: Goth augjan to show,
ON eygja to furnish with an eye, OE
ewan to show, to manifest, OS gan to
show, OHG ougen id. Derived from
*aun. O PBB VIII 261262;
T-F 5; H AEEW 87;
F 64; V ANEW 107; L
GED 48.
*aujaz adj.: ON eygr having eyes, OE
aujaz
sr-e blear-eyed, OHG sr-ougi with
watery eyes. Derived from *aun.
T-F 5; V ANEW 107.
*aun sb.n.: Goth augo eye, ON auga id.,
OE ee id., OFris ge id., OS ga id.,
OHG ouga id. From *a(w)n inuenced
by *auzn. Further to IE *ok - id.: Toch
A ak, B ek, Skt ki, Av dual ai, Gk sse,
Alb sy, Lith aks, Slav *oko (S KZ
II 381382). A consonantal stem *awz
and an i-stem *awiz can be reconstructed on the basis of compounds
(S Plur. 106108, 388405). Goth
aha mind, understanding hardly belongs
here (despite F I 13; Z Gutt. 72;
O IF XXVII 175). M
LHLG I 289290 (taboo); Z Gutt.
7374 (to Slav *aviti to show); TF 5; S KZ XXXV 151152
(to MIr uag den, cave); H
AEEW 83; S KZ LXII 211; F
6465; M I 16; P I
775777; F 5; V ANEW 19;
F II 436; Z I 157; O
340; V-T III 128129;
L GED 48; B Nom.
173174; K-S 65; H
Festschr. Puhvel I 85; A TB 7475;
O AED 405; B OFED s.v.
*aujan sb.n.: Run auja good fortune.
Related to Skt vati to be pleased, to
strive, to promote, Av avaiti to help, Gk
thw friend, beloved. B
162; M I 57; P I 683;
V ANEW 19; F I 47; K
Run. I 241244, 261263; L GED
52.
*aukanan str.vb.: Goth aukan to increase,
to augment, ON auka id., OFris ka id.,
OHG auhhan id. Connected with Toch B
auk- to grow, to increase, Lat auge id.,
Lith ugu, ugti to grow, Latv agt id.
Z Gutt. 160; T-F 5; WH I 8283; F 67; J IEW 10; P I 85; F
24; V ANEW 19; A Schw.
91; O 304; S 8485; L GED 50; A TB 130; B
OFED s.v.
29
auraz
*auke conj.: Goth auk but, also, furthermore, ON auk also, OE ec also, however, OFris k also, OS k id., OHG
ouh id. Identical with Gk a-ge again. A
compound of *au (Gk a again) and
particle *e. Cf. also Toch A -ok, B -uk <
*u-e (V W I 329330).
T-F 5; H AEEW 82;
F 67; P I 74; V ANEW
19; F I 183; O 304; S 84
(to *aukan); L GED 50; KS 6162; A TB 109; B OFED s.v.
*aukjanan wk.vb.: ON auka to increase
(weak forms, cf. *aukanan), OE kian id.,
MLG ken id., OHG ouhhn id. Derived
from *aukn. P I 85; V
ANEW 19; S 84.
*aukn sb.m.: ON auki increase, OE eca
addition, increase, advantage, OFris ka
increase, MLG ke id. Derived from
*aukanan. H AEEW 83; V
ANEW 19; S 84.
*aulaz sb.m.: Norw dial. aul pipe. Identical with Gk alw id., Lith alas bootleg. Further related to Toch B pl. aulo
blood vessels, Lith auls beehive,
Slav *ul( j) id. T-F 6; P
I 8889; F I 186187; A TB
134.
*aumaz adj.: ON aumr poorly, miserable.
Identical with Toch B aume misery,
poverty (K GGA 1958/13 54;
S Festschr. Eggers 3135). K
NB II 244, 247; V ANEW 19;
H 109110; A TB 132;
B IFTJa 240.
*auraz sb.m.: ON aurr wet clay, mud, wet
soil, OE ear sea, ocean. Related to Gk
naurow without water, Thrac rvn.
Araw (K Glotta X 51, XIV
93), Latv rvn. Aure. See *ran. G
Komm. I 24 (reconstructs *auza- = Lat
aurum gold); T-F 6 (separate ON
aurr clay, soil to be compared with
*ran); P IF XXXV 199200;
E KZ LII 116117; J NB
XXIV 247253; F 6768; H AEEW 85; D Thr. 39;
auraz
P I 80; V ANEW 20; F I
103; V W26 (to OIr r soil,
earth); L GED 50; D BSA 33.
*ausanan str.vb.: ON ausa to sprinkle,
MLG sen to scoop, MHG sen id.
Identical with Gk av to get a light, to
light a re (with a secondary semantic
development, see F BB II 187), cf. further Lat hauri to draw < earlier *auri.
T-F 6; W-H I 637;
V ANEW 21; S I 644;
S Kl. Schr. 190191; P I
90; F I 193; S 85.
*ausn sb.f.: ON ausa ladle, OE ease
glass, tumbler. Derived from *ausanan.
H AEEW 86; V ANEW 21.
*austan adv.: ON austan from the East,
OE estan id., OS stana id., OHG stana
eastward. Derived from *austaz. TF 6; H AEEW 86; V
ANEW 21; O 298; K-S
605.
*austaz sb.m.: OE est East, late MHG
ost id. Related to Skt u morning light,
Gk Hom w dawn, Lat aurra daybreak, dawn, Lith aur id. T-F
6; H AEEW 86; WH I 86; P I 8687;
F 27; F I 605606; O
298; K-S 605.
*austraz sb.m.: ON austr drawing water.
Derived from *ausanan. Structurally close
to Gk jaustr: kregra, astr: mtrou noma. P I 90; F I 529.
*austraz ~ *austran sb.m./n.: Burg adj.
*austr Northern, ON austr East, OE
ester, estre Easter, OHG pl. stara id.
(fem.). Related to *austaz. Continues
*ausro-, cf., Lat auster South wind (<
*aus-tero-), Lith aur dawn, Latv austr
id., austra vj Eastern wind. TF 6; H AEEW 87; WH I 87; P I 87; V
ANEW 21; O 298; L GED
270 (on Goth ostro- in Ostrogothae); K
708; K-S 605606.
*austrnjaz adj.: ON austrnn eastern,
OE estern id. OS strni id. OHG sundstrni south-eastern. Derived from
30
auzn
*austraz ~ *austran. H AEEW
87; V ANEW 21.
*auaz ~ *aun adj.: ON au-fengr easy
to get, OE e easy, pleasant, OS thi,
tho light, easy, OHG di, do id. Close
to Lat tium leisure, further cf. Skt vati
to be pleased, to strive, to promote. See
*aujan. T-F 5; F-T 1407;
H AEEW 87, 187; K
NB II 390391; W-H II
228229; P I 77; V ANEW
18; M KZ LXXXII 288297;
H 110.
*aujanan wk.vb.: ON eya to waste, to
destroy, OE an to lay waste, to destroy, OHG r-den to waste, to desert.
Derived from *aujaz. T-F 5;
M KZ LXXXII 288297; H 111.
*aujaz adj.: Goth aueis barren, desolate,
deserted, ON aur desert, empty, OE
ee desert, forlorn, OHG di desert,
empty. Identical with Gk asiow empty,
vain (S Kl. Schr. 71), thus historically may be related to *auaz ~ *aun.
T OI 41 (to OIr athad small
number); T-F 45; F 6970;
H AEEW 187; K NB II
387389; M Word II 229, KZ
LXXXII 288 (to Gk atw); P I
73; V ANEW 18; F I 191;
L GED 52 (identical with *auaz
~ *aun); H 111; KS 597.
*auzn sb.n.: Goth auso ear (*-s-), ON
eyra id., OE ere id., OFris re id., OS ra
id., OHG ra id. Related to Av u- id.,
Arm unkn id., Gk Dor w id., Alb vesh id.,
Lat auris id., OIr u id., Lith auss id., Slav
*uxo id. K I 377; S Plur. 109,
406407; B 414; T-F
7; M SBAW CXXV/2 1213 (to
*us- mouth); H AEEW 85;
W-H I 8586; F 69;
P I 785; F 26; V
ANEW 107108; Z I 157; F
II 448449; O 297; VT IV 179; L GED 51;
B Nom. 174; O AED
auzn
501; K-S 599; B
OFED s.v.
*awijan sb.n.: Goth awei herd of sheep
(-- < *--, irreg. -e-), OE ewd(e) id.,
OHG ouwiti id. Derived from *awiz.
B Btrg. Gesch. XI 32 (reconstructs
Goth *aweii ); H AEEW 93;
F 70; O 332; B 48;
L GED 52.
*awistran sb.n.: Goth awistr sheepfold,
OE westre id. (masc.). Derived from
*awiz. O KZ XXIII 316 (from
*awi-wistraz); M MSL XII 218219
(from *oi-sth(e)-ro-); B KZ
XXII 267269; K Nom. Stamm.
5152; H AEEW 93; F
7071; O 332; L Verschrfung 16.4; L GED 53; B Nom. 88.
*awiz sb.f.: ON r ewe (root stem), OE
ewu id. (< *awj ), OFris ei id., OS ewi
lamb, OHG ouwi, ou sheep. Identical
with Hitt ai- sheep, Toch B (u )w id.,
Skt vi- id., Gk w id., Lat ovis id., OIr
i id., Lith avs id., Slav *ov-ca id.
(F KZ I 493). T-F 22;
T BSW 2021; M
Festschr. Streitberg 269; H AEEW
93; W-H II 229; M
I 59; P I 784; F 28; F
II 367368; V ANEW 681; Z II 206; O 332; T
Zhiv. 6971; V-T III 116;
P III 379380; A TB 35.
*awn sb.m.: ON i great-grandfather.
Cf. also Goth awo grandmother. Related
to Hitt ua- grandfather, Toch we
id., Arm hav id., Lat auus id., OPrus awis
uncle, Slav *uj id. U PBB
XXX 263 (Lallwort); T-F 22;
W-H I 8889; F 71;
31
azenaz
b
*bajan sb.n.: Goth badi bed, ON ber
id. (< *bajaz ~ *baiz), OE bedd id.,
OFris bed id., OS bed, beddi id., OHG betti
id. Probably connected with W bedd,
Corn bedh, Bret bz grave (M IF
XIX 448; further see P). Dubious.
F I, 491; P WuS XVI 416 (to
*bhedh- to dig, to pierce); B PBB
XXIII 250; B PBB XIII 176 (to Slav
*pod base, bottom support); T-F
258; H AEEW 18; F 73;
P I 114; V ANEW 29 (to
*baan); Z II 212; O 84;
L GED 55; L-S I
572574; B Nom. 65; KS 104; B OFED s.v.
*bajn sb.m./f.: ON beja wife, bedfellow, OE e-bedda id., OFris bedda husband, OS gi-beddio id., MHG ge-bette
wife, bed-fellow. Derived from *bajan.
V ANEW 29.
*baw sb.f.: ON b battle, OE beadu
battle, war, OS badu- (in cmpn.), OHG
batu- (in cmpn.). Cf. Burg *badus id.
Related to OIr bodb crow, image of the
battle goddess. Further cf. a semantically distant but formally similar Slav
*body, gen. *bodve sh-spear, harpoon.
G KZ I 437; T-F 256;
T-F 256; H AEEW
17; P I 114; C SGGJa
I 96; V ANEW 69; Z I
149; T ESSJa II 155; K
708.
*bamaz ~ *banaz sb.m.: Goth bagms
tree, ON bamr, barmr id. (with assimilation), OSwed bagn id. An irregular phonetic transformation of *baumaz ( J
PBB XV 224225; U PBB
XXX 263264). S KZ I 159;
M IF XVI 158 (to *baan, isolates
*bamaz from *baumaz); G
Got. 42 (to Skt bh- arm); T-F
257258; F 7374; P I 149;
V ANEW 22; Z II 226;
baitan
nan); O 103; S 97; KS 125126.
*baitilaz sb.m.: Norw beitel chisel, MLG
beitel, btel id., MHG beizel stylus, prick.
Derived from *btanan. T-F 270.
*baitjanan wk.vb.: ON beita to yoke, OE
btan to bridle, to rein in, to restrain,
OS und-btian to dismount, OHG beizen
to spurn on. Causative of *btanan.
T-F 270; H AEEW 15;
P I 116; V ANEW 3031;
S 97.
*baitjan sb.n.: ON beiti pasturage, alum,
OE e-bte bit (of a bridle), MLG bte
bit, MHG ge-beize falconry. Cf. OHG
beiza alum < *bait. Derived from *btanan. V ANEW 31; S 97.
*baitraz adj.: Goth baitrs bitter, ON
prop. Beitr. An ablaut variant of *bitraz.
Derived from *btanan. N IF
XXXVII 145147 (to Slav *bridk
sharp); W MLN XX 4142; TF 270; F 77; V ANEW 31;
O 97; S 97; L GED
5859; H 115.
*baizaz sb.m.: Burg *bairs boar, OE br
id., OS br-swn id., OHG br id. Identical
with Lith basas terrible apparition,
Slav *bs demon < *bhoidh-s-o- (KS 80). T-F 257 (reconstruct
*bairaz); W Postv. 78; H
AEEW 16; O 103; K 708;
L-S I 542.
*bakan ~ *bakaz sb.n./m.: ON bak
back, OE bc id., OFris bek id., OS bak
id., OHG bahho id. (<*bakn). Of unknown origin. The similarity with Slav
*bok side (M 40), itself unclear,
is semantically attractive but phonetically
dicult. Z Gutt. 160; T-F
259; H AEEW 14; V
ANEW 23; Z II 227; O 68;
K-S 72; B OFED s.v.
*bakanan str.vb.: OE bacan to bake,
MLG backen id., OHG backan, bahhan id.
(*-kk-). With its pret. *bka, related to Gk
fgv to roast. P Wurzelerw. 190;
Z Gutt. 213; T-F 257;
H AEEW 14; P I 113;
33
baliz
F II 1057; O 69; S 87
88; L-S I 419421; KS 72 (to Skt bhrjti to roast);
P IF LXXXI 3031.
*bakiz sb.m.: ON bekkr brook, rivulet (<
*bakjaz), OE bece id., OFris -bitze (in compounds), OS beki id., OHG bah id. Of
uncertain origin. Cf. *bankn? Z
Gutt. 160; M BB XXI 218 (to Slav
*bagno marsh); W IF XXIV 233
(to MIr bal owing water < *bhogloand further to *bheg - to run, or to
Slav *bagno marsh); T-F 257;
H AEEW 18; P I 161;
C SSGJa I 54; V ANEW
31; Z II 212; O 84;
P IF 212214; L-S I
427429; K-S 71.
*bakjanan wk.vb.: ON baka to bake,
OHG bachn to bake. Derived from
*bakanan to bake. S 87.
*balraz sb.m.: ON mann-baldr great
man, theon. Baldr, OE bealdor prince,
hero. Derived from *balaz. G
DM I 202; S ZDADL XXXV
241 (to Lith bltas white); M IF
XVIII 282285 (to *bulaz ~ *bul ); K
Festschr. Helm 3745; S GRM
XXXIV 168; H AEEW 17;
P I 121; V ANEW 24; L GED 60.
*baliz sb.m.: Goth balgs bag made of
skin, wine-skin, ON belgr skin, bellows,
OE bel bulge, bag, purse, NFris balge
bag, MLG balch id., OHG balg id.
Related to Ir bolg sack, OPrus balsinis
pillow, Slav *bolzina pillow, beam continuing *bhelh- to swell. See *belanan.
P Kelt. Gr. I 105 (to Lat follis
hose < *bholhnis); Z Gutt. 26, 204;
T-F 268; F 78; L Language
IX 255; V BSL XLI 134139;
P I 125126; V ANEW 32;
Z I 149; O 8788; S
LS 14; S 99; T ESSJa II
183184; V W I 371 (to Toch
B pelke solemn but joyous utterance);
L GED 59; L-S I
438440; B Nom. 133 (to
baliz
OE belan to make oneself angry, to swell
with anger); K-S 75; A
TB 399 (against V W).
*baljanan wk.vb.: ON belgja to inate,
OE a-belan to anger, to irritate, OS
ar-belgid incensed, OHG gi-belgen to
irritate. Derived from *belanan. S 99.
*balixn sb.f.: OHG belihha coot. Close
to Lat fulica id. < *bholik (S HL
66; V Lat. 181). S VDN
302 (to *bhel- white because of a white
spot on the birds forehead); W-H I 559560; P I 119; LS I 431434; K-S 96.
*balkn ~ *belkn sb.m.: ON bjlki
beam, OE balca beam, bank, ridge,
OFris balka beam, MLG balke id., OHG
balco id. Related to Gk flagj line
of battle, phalanx, beam. T-F
267268; P I 123; V ANEW
70; F II 985986; O .
*balluz sb.m.: ON bllr ball, OHG bal id.
Related to Lat follis bellows, ball, Gk
fallw penis, Thrac ethn. Tri-ballo,
OIr ball membrum. T-F 267;
K Glotta XXII 41; WH I 524525; S Kl. Schr.
308; D Thr. 523526; P I
120; V ANEW 70; F II 987988;
O 70; L 54; LS I 430431; K-S 76.
*balaz adj.: Goth adv. balaba boldly,
openly, ON ballr hard, stubborn, OE
beald bold, brave, condent, OS bald
valiant, bold, OHG bald brave, courageous. The old comparison with Lith
bltas white based on the semantic
development into strong or shining
(G DM I 202) could be tenable.
S KZ I 479; U PBB
XXXV 161180; T-F 267;
O PBB XVIII 255256 (prex
b-, -alaz to *aljanan II); F 7879;
H AEEW 17; P I 121;
V ANEW 24 (to *bhel6- to swell,
cf. Norw bala to rut); O 105;
L GED 60 (same as V);
L-S I 434436; M KZ
34
balwa-wsaz
CV 121 (< *bhol6-to-, to *bhel6- to swell);
H 115116; K-S
75.
*baljanan wk.vb.: Goth baljan to be
bold, to dare, ON bella to deal with,
OE byldan to make bold, to encourage,
OS beldian to make valiant, MHG balden
to hurry. Derived from *balaz. H AEEW 22; F 7879; V
ANEW 32; L GED 60.
*baln sb.f.: Goth rasa-balei quarrelsomeness, OE beldo boldness, rashness,
OHG bald courage, boldness. Derived
from *balaz. H AEEW 22;
F 78; O 94; H 115.
*balwan sb.n.: Goth balwa-wesei malice,
wickedness, ON bl misfortune, bale,
OE bealu woe, harm, wickedness, depravity, OFris balu-mon unfaithful guardian, OS balu wickedness, misfortune,
OHG balo disease, sickness (masc.).
Connected with OCorn bal illness <
*bal- (P KZ V 351: also adds Slav
*bol pain, illness). K KZ I 516 (to
Gk falow weak, little); B I 71
(against the comparison with Slav *bol
reecting no traces of *--); T-F
268269; S KZ XXXII 342;
M IF XXI 296 (to Slav *blvan
idol); S KZ XXX 466 (to Lat
fall to deceive); K KZ XXXI
449 (same as K); S KZ
XXXIV 342; B PBB XIII 182
(prex b-); O PBB XVIII 256
(same as B, -alwan to Gk Hom low
destructive, deadly); F 79; H AEEW 17; W IF XLI 70
77; K NB II 195196; P I
125; C SGGJa I 80; V
ANEW 70; Z II 165; O 70;
S LS 15; S LuE 482483 (from
*hel- to exchange); L GED 60;
L-S I 444445; B Nom. 243; T ESSJa II
188 (agrees with B); B
OFED s.v.
*balwa-wsaz adj.: ON bl-vss detestable, OS sbst. bala-wso malice (masc.
n-stem). Cf. also Goth balwa-wesei malice,
balwa-wsaz
wickedness for which *balwa-wsn may
be conjectured (S Erw. 69).
Compound of *balwan and *wsaz. F
79; L GED 60.
*banan sb.n.: ON band bond, band,
OFris band id., OS hbid-band crown,
OHG bant priests band, band. Identical
with Skt bandh- bond, fetter, Av bandaid. Cf. also Toch B pnto support, aid.
Derived from *benanan. B
926927; T-F 259; M II
407; P I 127; Z II 216;
V ANEW 25; O 72; S
103; K-S 77; A TB
365.
*banilaz sb.m.: ON bendill small cord,
string, ME bendel id., MLG bendel id.,
OHG bentil band. Derived from *banj.
V ANEW 32; S 103; KS 97.
*banislan sb.n.: ON benzl bow in a bent
state, MLG bendsel association. Derived
from *banj. V ANEW 32.
*bandjan sb.n.: ON bendi cord, MLG
bende id., MHG bende id. Derived from
*benanan. V ANEW 32.
*banjanan wk.vb.: ON benda to bend
(a bow), to join, OE bendan to bend,
MHG benden id. Derived from *benanan.
T-F 259; H AEEW 19;
V ANEW 32; O 88; S
103.
*banj sb.f.: Goth bandi bond, fetter.
Identical with MIr buinne band <
*bhondh. Derived from *benanan. Cf.
WGmc *baniz: OE bend band, bond,
ribbon, OFris bend bond, tie, bende id.,
OS bendi id. T-F 259; H AEEW 19; F 79; P I 127;
Z II 216; S 103; L GED 6061; B Nom.
134.
*bansaz sb.m.: ON bss stall in a cowhouse, LG banes interior of a barn
(fem.), G Banse bay in a barn. Cf. also
OE bs-i winter cow-stall. Derived
from *benanan ( J IF XIX 116).
G 9 (to Russ baz cowshed); TF 259; U PBB XXX 264;
35
banj
H AEEW 31; F 8081;
V ANEW 28; S 103; L
GED 6162; H Festschr. de Smet
185193; B Nom. 77.
*banstiz ~ *banst sb.m.: Goth
bansts barn, OFris bste marital tie.
Derived from *banan (D VW
274) or *bansaz. G Got. 43;
T-F 259; U PBB XXX
264; S KZ XXX 483484 (to Gk
su-few pigsty); J IF XIX
114116; W BB XXVIII 61;
F 8081, PBB XV 546; S 103;
L GED 6163; K-S
79.
*banwjanan wk.vb.: Goth bandwjan to
mark, to make a sign, ON benda to give
a sign, to beckon. Derived from *banw.
T-F 256; F 79; P I
104; V ANEW 32; L GED 61.
*banw sb.f.: Goth bandwa sign. Probably related to the isolated Lith bandti to
try, OPrus per-bandan trial. M Goth.
59 (to IE *bh- to shine); D
VW 296297 (to *bendanan); W MP II
471 (same as D; semantically
*knotted cloth); T-F 256; F
7980; P I 104; F 34;
L GED 61 (follows M).
*banjanan wk.vb.: Icel banga to hammer, E bang, G dial. bangen to knock. If
not of imitative origin, probably related
to Skt bhankti to break, Arm bek broken, Lith begti to nish (V ANEW
25). T-F 256 (to *bann); T BSW 26; M II 469;
P I 114115; F 34.
*bani sb.f.: ON bend wound, OFris
benethe id., OS banei id. Related to *banj.
V ANEW 32.
*banj sb.f.: Goth banja wound, ON ben
id., OE ben id., OS beni-wunda id. Derived
from *bann. G KZ I 82; S
AW I 39 (to IE *g hen- to strike); TF 256 (to *baw); S BB
XXIX 37 (to Arm banam to open);
T-F 256; H AEEW 19;
F 8081 (to Av banta- sick); P
I 126; V ANEW 32; Z II
banj
173; O 72; S KZ LXXXI
113 (follows S); V B-3234
(to OIr benaid to beat, to strike); L GED 61; B Nom. 112.
*banjjanan wk.vb.: ON benja to wound
mortally, OE bennian to wound. Derived from *banj. H AEEW
19; V ANEW 32.
*banki-eljan sb.n.: ON bekk-ili wainscotted walls of a hall, OE benc-el
bench-oor. Compound of *bankiz and
*eljan. C Nom. comp. 80 (parallel
formations).
*bankiz sb.m.: Burg *banki bench, ON
bekkr id., OE benc id., OFris benk, bank id.
(fem.), OS bank id. (fem.), OHG banc id.
(masc., fem.). See *bankn. U
PBB XXXV 171; T-F 259;
H AEEW 19; V ANEW 31;
Z II 176; O 88; K
709; L-S I 456458; KS 78 (from *branka-).
*bankn sb.m.: ON bakki bank, ridge,
OE banca lair, bed, LG bank bank,
shore. Of uncertain origin. W MLN
XV 95 (to Skt bhankti to break, to shatter); T-F 259 (to Lith bang wave);
H AEEW 16; V ANEW 23.
*bannan sb.n.: ON bann prohibition,
ban, OE e-bann id., OFris ban(n) order,
OS ban(n) id. (masc.), OHG ban order, ban (masc.). Related to *bannanan.
C ANF X 158 (from OIr); TF 256; H AEEW 16;
W TuB 1928; P I 106;
S 89; L-S I 454456;
K-S 79.
*bannanan str.vb.: OE bannan to summon, OFris banna id., OS bannan to
precharge, OHG bannan to precharge,
to order. Cf. Skt bhnati to speak, to
sound, and further probably to Gk fhm
to say, Lat fr to speak, Arm ban
word < IE *bh- to speak. TF 256; H AEEW 16;
W-H I 525526; M II 469470; P I 106; F II
10091010; O 7172; S 88
90; K-S 79.
36
barn
*bannjanan wk.vb.: ON banna to hinder,
to forbid, OHG bannn to call upon.
Derived from *bannan. S 89.
*banjanan wk.vb.: ON bana to kill,
OFris bonia id. Derived from *bann.
V ANEW 25.
*bann sb.m.: ON bani death, bane, OE
bana killer, murderer, OFris bona id., OS
bano id., MHG bane death. Of uncertain origin. P UU 1891 73 (to
*baw); Z Gutt. 30; T-F
256; H AEEW 16; P I
126 (to Av bnay6n they make ill); V
ANEW 25; Z I 153; O 72;
M Germ. Rek. 109 (to IE *g hen- to
kill); B Nom. 176.
*baraz sb.m.: Crim. Goth baar boy,
MHG bar son, man. Derived from
*beranan (H ZDADL CXIV 4445).
S NGWG [1910] 15 (mistaken
for *barn); F 73; S 105 (from
Goth *baur); H JEGP LXXII 6061
(continues Goth *barn); L GED
55.
*baraz ~ *bariz sb.n./m.: ON barr barley, OE bere id., OFris ber- id. (in cmpn.).
Related to Lat far spelt, Osc far id.,
Umbr far id., Alb bar grass. H AEEW 21; W-H I
455456; F 81; P Gliederung 109;
P I 111; L GED 62;
B Nom. 211 (old s-stem);
O AED 1617.
*baraz sb.m.: Crim. Goth bars beard,
OE beard id., OFris berd id., MDu baert
id., OHG bart id. Related to Lat barba id.,
Lith barzd id. (with a secondary -zd-),
Slav *borda id. (S KZ XXXIV 21).
P IF V 73 (Slav, Lat < Gmc);
T-F 262; H AEEW
17; W-H I 96; F 82;
P I 111; C SGGJa I
61; T Venus 188191; F 36;
V ANEW 26 (ON bar id. < MLG
bard ); Z II 166; O 83;
L GED 6263; L-S I
488490; T ESSJa II 197198;
K-S 83.
*barn sb.f.: Burg *bardo axe, ON bara
barn
a kind of axe, OHG barta id. Derived
from *baraz. Cf. ON skegg-x id. with
a similar semantic motivation. TF 262; K 709.
*barjanan wk.vb.: ON bergja to taste,
OE beran to taste. Probably derived
from *beranan. On the other hand, the
comparison with Lat fragr to smell cannot be completely ruled out. H IF XXXII 340; Z Gutt. 208;
H AEEW 23; V ANEW 33
(to Gk frbv to feed, to nourish).
*bariznaz adj.: Goth barizeins of barley.
Structurally close to Lat farna our <
*farsna, cf. also Slav *borno dish, rye
our < *bharsinom. Derived from *baraz
~ *bariz. H Waldbume 362363;
W-H I 455; F 81; P
Gliederung 109; C SGGJa I 63;
T ESSJa II 212213; L
GED 62.
*barjanan wk.vb.: ON berja to strike, OE
berian to take away, to withdraw, OHG
berren to treat cruelly. Identical with
Slav *boriti to ght, *borj, *borti id.
and further with Alb bie to fall, to hit <
PAlb *berja, Lat feri to bore, to drill,
Lith bar, brti to scold. T-F
261; H AEEW 21; WH I 481482; P Gliederung
204; P I 134; L 22;
F 3536; V ANEW 33;
T ESSJa II 203204, 213214;
O AED 24.
*barkaz sb.m.: Swed bark stubborn and
unfriendly man. Identical with Arm bark
harsh, sharp, OIr borb foolish, silly,
Latv bargs stern, grim. B
BB XXVI 167 (to OE beorcan to make
a sharp explosive sound, to bark);
P I 138139.
*barkuz sb.m.: ON brkr bark, MLG borke
id. (fem.). Related to *berk. P
IF XXIII 403 (to *bher- to cut); TF 263; P I 166; V ANEW
70; K-S 126127.
*barmaz sb.m.: Goth barms lap, bosom
(i-stem), ON barmr brim, OE bearm
bosom, lap, WFris berm latus sinuatum
37
baruaz
viae, aggeris, OS barm bosom, lap,
OHG barm id. Identical with Skt bhrmansupport, nourishment, Gk formw basket for carrying (H IF XXXII 287).
W MP XI 326; G WuS XI
139; T-F 260262; H
AEEW 18; F 8182; D Thr.
53 (to Thrac mtn. Brmion row); M II 481; P I 131, 137, 142
(to *bruman); V ANEW 27; Z
II 185; F II 1037; O 75; S 105; A Schw. 91; L
GED 62; B Nom. 71.
*barna-lausaz adj.: ON barn-lauss childless, OE bearn-les id., OFris bern-ls
id. Compound of *barnan and *lausaz.
C Nom. comp. 60.
*barnan sb.n.: Goth barn child, ON barn
id., OE bearn id., OFris bern id., OS barn
id., OHG barn id. Related to Lith brnas
boy, Latv b=rns child, Alb barr foetus
< *barn (B BB XVII 21). A
participle in *-no- of *beranan (M
MSL XXI 47) in its meaning to give
birth. T-F 260; H
AEEW 18; F 82; P I 131;
T Rod. 44; F 40; V
ANEW 27; Z I 139; O 69;
S 105; M BSI 12 (adds
dubious Slav fem. *berna pregnant); L GED 62; B Nom. 73;
O AED 19.
*barniskaz adj.: Goth barnisks childish,
childlike, ON bernskr childish. Derivationally identical with Lith brnikas of
servant. See *barnan. F 82; V
ANEW 34; L GED 62.
*bar sb.f.: E bar beam, barrier, MHG
bar id. Related to *barjanan. Derivationally close to Lat forus open space,
public place, forum id., Lith bras swath,
row of mowed corn (F I 191).
T-F 261; W-H I 537;
P I 134.
*baruaz sb.m.: ON brgr barrow-hog,
OE bear id., OFris barg id., OS barug id.,
OHG barug id. Derivationally identical
with Alb baruk eece < *bhoru-k-o-,
based on IE *bhoru- attested in another
baruaz
derivative as *bhoros in Alb berr sheep,
goat, Slav *borv sheep, barrow (O
Linguistica XXVI 172173). W
KZ I 247; F KZ I 497 (related
to Lat porcus hog, pig); T-F 263;
M LF XIV 81 (to Slav *porz
bull, hog); T BSW 27 (on singulative -k- as in Av pasu- cattle ~
pasuka- (one) animal); K Lehnw.
61 (Slav < Gmc); H AEEW
17; T Holz 8788; M KZ
LXIV 263 (further to Skt bhrvati to
chew); P I 135; V ANEW 70;
Z I 129; O 76; S LS
15; T ESSJa II 214215;
L-S I 493495; KS 81; O AEW 18, 2122.
*barwaz sb.m.: ON brr a kind of tree,
OE bearu wood, grove. Related to Slav
u-stem *bor pine, pine forest (L
PBB LX 162; S BB XV 287
288). S BB XV 287; H PBB
XXIII 331 (Slav < Gmc); M Etudes
II 234 (same as H); P Beitrge 22
(against H); B I 76; TF 260; H AEEW 18;
P Gliederung 144; P I 109;
C SGGJa I 79; V ANEW
70; Z I 138; M Slavgerm. 108 (from Slavic); S LS 15;
T ESSJa III 216217.
*barwn sb.f.: ON pl. barar hand-bier,
OE bearwe basket, bier, EFris barwe
hand-barrow. Cf. also WGmc *br >
OE br bier, OS bra id., OHG bra id.
Derived from *beranan. Cf. also *br.
T-F 260; H AEEW 15,
18; V ANEW 25; P I 131;
Z II 219; O 94; LS I 469470; K-S 74.
*barzan ~ *barsan sb.n.: ON barr needles of a r-tree, OE bears coniferous
tree, foliage, tree, OHG bars id. Closely
related to OIr barr mop of hair, top. W
bar id., Corn bar id. Substantivized *barzaz. T-F 265266; H
AEEW 18; P I 109; V ANEW
27; H 117.
*barzaz adj.: ON barr ready, strong,
38
batizn
vigorous, OHG bar upright. Identical
with MIr borr thick, large, strong <
*bhorso-. T-F 265266; H AEEW 18; P I 108109;
L-S I 466467; H 117; K-S 83.
*bastan ~ *bastaz sb.n.: ON bast
inner bark of a tree, OE bst id., MLG
bast id. (masc.), OHG bast id. (masc.).
Continues *bh6-sto- or *bh6s-to- related to
*bh- to shine, *bhs-: Skt bhti to
shine, bhs- light, Gk fanv to appear,
fskei: diafnei and the like. Semantically similar to Slav *lyko bast < IE
*leuk- to shine (T Rem. 165
166). J IF XIX 121 (from
*bhad-stu-); A IF XLVI 267;
J ZDADL LXVI 238240 (from
Scythian, cf. Av basta bundle, bunch,
Osset bast id.); T-F 269; H AEEW 15; M II
493494, 499; P I 104105;
S KZ LXXI 211213 (from
Illyrian *bast- < *bhdh-t-); V ANEW
28; Z II 166; F II 982984;
O 78; D Vddhi 257264;
K Festschr. Schmitt 246258 (to
bbhasti to chew, to masticate, to devour); L-S I 500502;
K-S 84.
*batiz comp. adv.: ON betr better, OE bet
id., OFris bet id., OS bet, bat id., OHG
baz id. (< *bataz). See *batizn. Cf. superl.
Goth batista best, ON beztr id., OE betst
id., OFris betst id., OHG bezzisto id.
G DG II 43 (reconstructs *batanan
vigere, valere); O Morph. Unt. VI
286288; T-F 258; H
AEEW 2122; F 83; P I 106;
V ANEW 3435; O 9091;
L GED 63; B Nom.
235; K-S 84, 102.
*batizn comp. adj.: Goth batiza better,
ON betri id., OE betre id., OFris betere id.,
OS betaro id., OHG bezziro id. May be
related to the isolated Skt bhadr- blessed,
delightful, fortunate, Av hu-badra happy,
lucky (B Glossarium 269) if those are
not from *bhdr-. B 1828;
batizn
T-F 258; S KZ XL 245
(to MIr baid durable); F 83;
H AEEW 2122; W
NP 1416; M II 467468;
P I 106; C SGGJa I
107; V ANEW 34; O 91;
L GED 63; H IIJ XXX 175
(together with MW bodd good will from
*bhod-); L-S I 503505,
577578; B Nom. 235;
K-S 102.
*batnjanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-batnan to
benet, to prot, ON batna to improve,
to get better. Related to *batn. F
174; P I 1; V ANEW 28;
H 118.
*batn sb.m.: ON bati improvement,
advantage, OFris bata advantage, gain,
MLG bate improvement. See *batiz.
T-F 258; P I 106; V
ANEW 28; L GED 63; H 119.
*baa-xsan sb.n.: ON ba-hs bathinghouse, OE b-hs id., OHG bada-hs id.
Compound of *baan and *xsan. C
Nom. comp. 71 (parallel formations).
*baan sb.n.: ON ba bath, bathing, OE
b bath, font, OFris be(i)th bath, OS
bath id., OHG bad id. Derived from
*bjanan. T-F 256; H
AEEW 15; P I 113; V ANEW
22; Z I 139; O 79; KS 72.
*baa-stufn sb.f.: ON ba-stofa bathroom, MLG bade-stove bathroom, OHG
bada-stuba id. Compound of *baan
and *stufn. C Nom. comp. 83 (parallel formations).
*bajanan wk.vb.: ON rare baast to
bathe, OE baian to wash, to bathe, Du
baden to bathe, OHG badn id. Derived
from *baan. H AEEW 17;
V ANEW 22; O 79.
*bauaz sb.m.: ON baugr ring, OE be
ring, crown, OFris bg ring, OS bggebo one presenting a ring, MLG bch
ring, OHG boug id. Derived from *beuanan. Together with Skt bhog- id., continues a noun *bhougho- derived from
39
baun
*bheugh- to bend. Reected in Slav rvn.
*Bug (West Bug, right tributary of Wisla)
also known in the XII century as Armilla
(T ZG XXVI 523; B
47). T-F 274; H
AEEW 17; M II 504; P
I 152153; V ANEW 29; Z I
129; B 111; S 110;
T ESSJa III 78 (OCS boug
armillar as a parallel to rather than a
borrowing from Gmc); L GED
73; B Nom. 52.
*baujanan wk.vb.: Goth us-baugjan to
sweep out, ON beygja to bow, to bend,
OE ban id., OFris beia id., OS bgian id.,
OHG bougen id. Causative of *beuanan.
G Got. 230231; T-F
273; H AEEW 22; F 529;
P I 153 (to Av bunainti to liberate); V ANEW 34; S 111;
L GED 73, 380; K-S
105.
*bauknan sb.n.: ON bkn beacon, OE
becen id., OFris bken id., OS bkan id.,
OHG bouhhan id. Related to *bukjanan.
T-F 257; H AEEW 17;
P I 105 (to IE *bh- to shine);
Z I 139; O 82; KS 74.
*b(a)ukjanan wk.vb.: ON bauka to dig,
MLG boken to knock, to beat, MHG
buchen id. Of imitative origin. P
I 9798; V ANEW 29.
*baumaz sb.m.: OE bem tree, OFris
bm id., OS bm id., OHG boum id.
Continues *bhou-mo- derived from IE
*bheu- to grow, see *bewwanan. Cf. *bheumen- in Gk fma growth, Skt bhmanbeing, world, earth ( J Btrg.
Gesch. XV 224225). T-F 258;
H AEEW 17; S 54
(reconstructs *baum-na-); M II
512513; P I 149; Z II
226; F II 10521053; O 8283;
P KZ LXXXVIII 129133 (secondary form of *bamaz); L GED
5556; B Nom. 71; KS 86; B OFED s.v.
*baun sb.f.: ON baun bean (i-stem), OE
baun
ben id., OS bna id., OHG bna id. (and n-stem). Of uncertain origin. May
be close to Slav *buna swelling, tuber
< *bhoun, further related to *bewwanan.
P IF XXIII 390 (to *bheu- to
swell); T-F 257 (to Lat faba id.,
Slav *bob id.); H AEEW 17;
P I 106 (from *babn related to
OPrus babo id., Slav *bob id.); V
ANEW 29; Z II 192; O 83;
T ESSJa III 9596; KS 123.
*bausaz adj.: Burg *bausiz wicked, Norw
baus proud, bumptious, OFris bsa-feng,
bs-feng obscene touch, MLG bse, bs
unclean, OHG bsi worthless. Probably, continues *bau-s-az, to *beuanan
(H 120121). T-F
276; K 709.
*bautanan str.vb.: ON bauta to beat, to
hunt (secondary wk.), OE betan to beat,
MHG bzen id. (some forms are wk.). Of
unknown origin. T-F 274 (to Lat
con-ft to repress, to diminish, to put to
silence); F 74; H AEEW
18; J IEW 596597; P
I 112 (to Lat fstis knobbed stick,
cudgel); V ANEW 29; O 83;
S 9091.
*bautilaz sb.m.: ON beytill Equisetum
hiemale, OE betel hammer, MLG btel
beating implement, OHG stein-bzil
cudgel. Derived from *bautanan. H AEEW 23; P I 112; V
ANEW 35; O 85; S 90;
K-S 95.
*bauaz adj.: Goth baus deaf, dumb.
Probably related to Slav sbst. *buta stupid person; haughtiness, pride. G Got. 45; P Kelt. Gr. I 111
(to OIr bodar deaf); U PBB
XXX 265266; P IF XXIII 395
(to *beuaz); M MSL X 282 (to Lith
buks blunt, dull); F 86; F
63; T ESSJa III 101102; L GED 65.
*bazaz adj.: ON berr naked, bare, OE br
id., OFris ber-ft barefoot, OS bar naked,
bare, OHG bar uncovered, naked, bare.
40
bebruz
Identical with Arm bok' barefoot, Lith
bsas id., Slav *bos id. V KZ
XXIII 113; P IF V 46; H AG 430; K NB I 4243;
P UU 1891 115 (to *bhes- to
scrape); K KZ XXXI 414;
T-F 269; T BSW 28;
H AEEW 15; F 36,
Glotta XXXV 87; P I 163; V
ANEW 34; O 75; T ESSJa
II 223224; L-S I 465
466; B Nom. 239; KS 79; H 121.
*bazjan sb.n.: Goth weina-basi wine-berry,
grape (< *basjan), ON ber berry, OE
berie berry, grape (fem.), OS beri berry,
OHG beri id. Connected with Skt bbhasti
to chew, to masticate, to devour. For
the semantic development cf. Slav *grua
pear < *gruiti to break, to destroy, Lat
pirum pear < *pisom, to *peis- to stick, to
pound. B PBB XXI 421 (to Norw
dial. bas, base shrub); L IF XVIII
415416 (to OE basu crimson, purple);
T-F 269; H AEEW
21; W-H II 309310; F
559; M II 409; P I 105
(to Skt bhs- light, splendour), 145;
V ANEW 3233; O 90; Z II 182; L GED 400; LS I 560561; K-S 89
(to Lith oga berry < *g h).
*bazjanan wk.vb.: ON bera to make
bare, OFris baria to reveal, OS baron id.,
OHG gi-barn to lay bare. Derived from
*bazaz. V ANEW 33; H
121.
*bebruz sb.m.: ON bjrr beaver, beavers
skin, OE beofor beaver, MLG bever
id., OHG bibar id. Originally, a color
adjective. Related to Skt babhr- reddishbrown, brown, Av bawra-, bawribeaver, Lat ber id., Lith bbras id.,
OPrus bebrus id., Slav *bebr id. ON
bjrr triangular cut o piece of meat is
a metaphoric usage of the above and
has nothing to do with Lat bra ber
< *g hisr (despite N Abri 228).
F KZ I 497 (related to Lat bra
bebruz
bre, lament); B 925;
T-F 264; T BSlWb
2829; H AEEW 20; WH I 490492; M II
409410; P I 136; F 38;
V ANEW 40; Z II 227;
O 83; H IF LXX 162 (to
*beranan); T ESSJa I 174175;
K-S 107.
*bekwjanan wk.vb.: ON bikkja to plunge
into water, MHG bicken to punch, to
kick. Probably related to Gk fbomai
to be put to ight, to ee, Lith bgu, bgti
to run, Slav *bgti id. P I 116;
V ANEW 36.
*bekwjn sb.f.: ON bikkja bitch, OE bicce
id. Unclear. Perhaps based on *bekwjanan.
Z Gutt. 96; T-F 259 (to
*bakan ~ *bakaz); V ANEW 36 (to Skt
bhaga- vulva).
*belanan str.vb.: ON part. bolginn to
swell, OE belan to swell with anger,
OFris part. ovir-bulgen to incense, OS belgan id., OHG belgan to get angry. Related to *baliz. Z Gutt. 26, 204;
T-F 268; H AEEW 19;
J IEW 629630; P I
126; V ANEW 49; S 99101;
K-S 640.
*bellanan I str.vb.: OHG widar-bellan to
rebound. Probably connected with Slav
*belati to swing, to limp. H
AEEW 19; J IEW 629; T ESSJa I 185; S 101.
*bellanan II str.vb.: OE bellan to bellow,
to roar, MHG bellen to bay, to bark.
Related to Toch AB pl-, pl- to praise,
OPrus billit to say, to speak, Lith blstu,
blti to start speaking. T-F 266;
P I 123124.
*belln sb.f.: ON bjalla bell, OE belle id.,
MLG belle id. Derived from *bellanan II.
T-F 266; H AEEW 19;
P I 123 (to *bulljanan); L
2426.
*belnn sb.f.: OE belone, belene hen-bane,
MLG billen id. Close to Slav *beln ~
*belna id. Further cf. Gaul belnion id.,
W bela id. P KZ IV 361362 (to
41
beranan
OIr bal sun); K Glotta XIV
9697 (a Wanderwort); T-F 267
(reconstruct *belunn < Celtic, cf. Gaul
bilinuntia id.); T ESSJa I 185
187 (to *bhel- to speak); K-S
111.
*benanan str.vb.: Goth bindan to bind,
ON binda id., OE bindan id., OFris binda
id., OS bindan id., OHG bintan id. Related to Skt badhnti id., Av bandayeiti id.
B 926; T-F 259;
M MSL XVII 194; F 93; H AEEW 23; J IEW
611612; M II 406; P I
127; V ANEW 37; M II
406, 408; O 95; S 102
104; L GED 71; K-S
111112.
*benaz sb.m.: ON bingr bolster, bed, a
heap of corn, MLG binge kettle-shaped
deepening. Related to Skt bah- much,
abundant, large, Gk paxw thick, Latv
bezs id. Z Gutt. 177; M
II 424425; P I 127128; V
ANEW 37; F II 484485.
*benutaz sb.m.: Norw dial. bunt Aira caespitosa (< *bunut-), OE bionot dry blade
of grass, OS binet bulrush, OHG binuz
id. If originally stood for *dead grass,
could be compared with *bann. TF 271; O 89.
*beranan str.vb.: Goth bairan to bear, to
carry; to give birth, ON bera id., OE
beran id., OFris bera id, OS beran id, OHG
beran id. Cf. also *a-beranan to give
birth: Goth ga-bairan, OE e-beran, OS giberan, OHG gi-beran. Continues IE *bherto bear: Toch AB pr-, Skt bhrati, Gk
frv, Arm berem, Lat fer, OIr berid
merged with *bher- to give birth.
Prexed *at-beranan > Goth at-bairan to
bring, to oer is identical with Phryg
impf. abberet, Lat adfer to bring.
T-F 260261; H
AEEW 21; W-H I 483485;
F 75; J IEW 612613;
M II 473476; P I
128131; V ANEW 33; F II
10031004; I-S Opyt I 195
beranan
(on the contamination of IE *bher- to
bear and *bher- child; to give birth);
O 83; S 104106; L
GED 57; K-S 303; O
Phrygian 409; A TB 371; B
IFTJa 248.
*beran ~ *beraz sb.n./m.: ON bjarg
rock, OE beor hill, mountain, OFris
berch id., OS berg id., OHG berg id.
Closely related to Av bar6zah- height,
Arm barjr high, Thrac pln. Brga, OIr
br hill, W bera heap, Slav *berg shore,
mountain. Further connected with IE
*bherh- high. Z Gutt. 204; B 950; T-F 265; H AEEW 20; F 7576 (on
Goth bairgahei hill country, mountainous
region); D Thr. 5152; P
I 140141; V ANEW 39; Z
II 166; O 76; T ESSJa
191193; L GED 5758; B Nom. 60; L-S I
553554; K-S 9899.
*beranan str.vb.: Goth bairgan to preserve, to keep, ON bjarga to save, to
help, OE beorgan to save, to protect, to
defend, WFris bergje to keep, OS bergan
id., OHG bergan id. Identical with Slav
*bergti id., cf. also Lith brginti not to
spend much, Osset m-brzyn to cover.
K KZ I 39; Z Gutt. 177;
P Beitrge 927; M IF
XVIII 262; T-F 265; T BSW 31; H AEEW 20;
F 76; J IEW 624;
P I 145; C SGGJa
I 81; F 44; A AION-L IV
33; V ANEW 39; O 108;
B 152; S 106107; L GED 58; T ESSJa I
189191 (follows M in comparing
these forms with Lith gebti to praise);
L-S I 554556; KS 99.
*ber sb.f.: ON bjrg help, deliverance,
OE hefod-beor head-shelter, helmet,
OFris here-berge inn, OS heri-berga id.,
OHG her-berga id. Derived from *beranan. H AEEW 20; V
42
berkjn
ANEW 41; S 107; B
Nom. 109.
*berxta-lkaz adj.: ON bjart-ligr clear,
OE beorht-lc bright, light, clear, OS
berht-lk bright. Derived from *berxtaz.
H 124.
*berxtaz adj.: Goth bairhts bright, clear,
manifest, ON bjartr bright, OE beorht
bright, light, clear, OS berht id., OHG
beraht id. Identical with W berth beautiful
< *bher-t-, Slav sbst. *berst elm. Further related to Skt bhrjate to shine, to
beam, Av brzaiti id., Alb bardh white.
F KZ I 104; Z Gutt. 188;
B 972; T-F 264265;
F 7677; H AEEW 20;
K NB II 324; M II
529530; P I 139; V ANEW
39; O 118; L GED 58;
L-S I 545546; B Nom. 256; H 123
124; O AED 17.
*berxtn sb.f.: Goth bairhtei brightness,
clarity, ON birti id., OE birhtu id., OHG
beraht clarity. Derived from *berxtaz.
H AEEW 23; F 76; V
ANEW 37; L GED 58; H 124.
*berxtjanan wk.vb.: Goth bairhtjan to exhibit, to show, to disclose, ON birta to
illuminate, to brighten, OE e-birhtan to
make bright, OHG part. gi-beraht brightened. Derived from *berxtaz. TF 263264; H AEEW 23;
F 76; V ANEW 37; L
GED 58; H 124.
*berilaz sb.m.: Burg *berils bearer, ON
berill barrel (for uids), OS biril basket,
OHG biril big pot. Derived from *beranan (S KZ LXX 258). V
ANEW 33, 68 (alternatively, from MLat
barillus keg); S 105; K 709.
*berknaz adj.: ON birkinn related to
birch, OE bircen, beorcen id., OHG birkn
id. Derived from *berk. V ANEW
37.
*berkjn sb.n./f.: ON coll. birki birch,
OE birce birch, OS birka id., OHG birca
id. Derived from *berk. Z Gutt.
berkjn
196; T-F 263; H
AEEW 23; P I 139; V ANEW
37; Z II 216.
*berk sb.f.: ON bjrk birch, OE beorc id.,
OS berka id. Related to Skt bhrj- kind
of birch, Lat frxinus ash, and especially
to Lith bras birch, OPrus berse id.,
Slav *berza id. Cf. also Dac pln. Bers-ovia.
W IF I 512; H IF X 53;
T-F 263; K Festschr.
Bezzenberger 94; H AEEW 20;
W-H I 544; F 87 (on
Goth bercna b-rune of the Gothic Runic
alphabet < *berkn); P I 139;
F 4041; V ANEW 41;
Z II 216; O 96; T ESSJa I 201203; L GED
66; K-S 112.
*bernj(n) sb.f.: ON birna she-bear, OE
byrene id., OHG birin id. Derived directly
from *bern I or from *bernuz. H AEEW 24; V ANEW 37.
*bernuz sb.m.: ON bjrn bear, OE beorn
man, prince, nobleman. Derived from
*bern I. T-F 263; H
AEEW 21; S 120; P I 136;
V ANEW 41; Z II 220.
*bern I sb.m.: Burg *bers bear, OSwed
prop. Biari, OE bera bear, OS bero id.
(in prop.), OHG bero id. Close to Lith
bras brown (with a long grade), Toch
A parno, B perne radiant, luminous.
F KZ I 497; Z Gutt. 31;
T-F 263; G Anim. 3941;
H AEEW 21; P I 136;
F 39; Z II 220; O
83; S LS 15; L-S I
563565; B Nom. 176 (to
Gk yr animal, Lith vers id., Slav
*zvr id.); K 709; K-S
7980.
*bern II sb.m.: ON -beri accuser, OE
-bera porter, bearer, OFris -bera id., OS
-bero id., OHG -bero id. Derived from
*beranan. H AEEW 21; V
ANEW 33.
*berran sb.n.: OE beoror child birth.
Close to Gk fretron stretcher, see
*beranan (B Nom. 85). H-
43
beuanan
AEEW 21; P I 129; F
II 10031004.
*beuanan str.vb.: Goth ana-biudan to
bid, to command, ON bja to oer,
OE bedan to command, to order, to
announce, OFris bida id., OS biodan id.,
OHG biotan id. Related to Skt bdhati to
wake, to be awake, Av baod6nt- becoming aware, Gk peyomai to give notice,
Slav *blud, *blusti to observe, to keep,
to protect, and, with nasalization, OIr
ad-bond- to announce and the like
(M Goth. 61). B KZ XIX
(1870) 441; B 917918;
T-F 274; H AEEW
1920; L Language XIV 27 (adds
Toch A pot-, B paut- to honor, to atter);
F 41; J IEW 607608;
P Gliederung 122; M II
449450; P I 150151; F 62; F II 625626, GH XLIV
2123; V ANEW 40; O 93;
S 108110; T ESSJa II
136137; L GED 30; KS 109.
*beuaz sb.m.: Goth bius table, ON
bjr id., OE bed id., OS biod id., OHG
biet id. Derived from *beuanan (U PBB XXX 268). G
Got. 50 (to *bumaz ~ *butmaz); B Grundri II/1 155; P IF
XXIII 395 (to *bauaz); S DWG 15;
T-F 275; H AEEW 19;
F 97; P I 151; V ANEW
40; Z I 129; S 109
(against U); L GED 74;
B Nom. 60; K-S
105.
*beuanan ~ *banan str.vb.: Goth
biugan to bow, to bend, ON pret. pl. bugu
id., OE ban id., OS pret. bg id., pres.
bgan, OHG biogan id. Related to Skt bhujti id., Ir d-bocc wooden bow (U PBB XXX 268; T KZ
XLVIII 65), Lith bgti to frighten, Slav
*bgati to bend (I RFV LXII
253259). Z Gutt. 218; TF 273; B I 366 (Slav *bgati
may be a metathesis of *gbati id.); W
beuanan
MP V 270 (from IE *bheuk-); T
BSW 39; H AEEW 38; F
96; J IEW 606607; M II 504506; P I 152153;
F 37; V ANEW 40; O
111; S 110111; B IEL
111; T ESSJa 115; L
GED 73; K-S 108.
*beuaz ~ *beun adj.: ON bjgr
bowed, bent, OHG sbst. biogo bend,
curve. Derived from *beuanan ~ *banan. T-F 273; P I 151;
V ANEW 41.
*beura-saliz sb.m.: ON bjr-salr beerhall, OE ber-sele id. Compound of *beuraz ~ *beuran and *saliz. C Nom.
comp. 80 (parallel formations).
*beuran sb.n.: ON bjrr beer (masc.), OE
ber id., OFris bir id., MLG br id., OHG
bior id. Borrowed from Rom *biw(e)r <
*biber wine, drink ~ LLat biber id. (L DK 2930). Z Gutt. 15;
K PBB XXXV 570 (ON < OE);
T-F 276 (from *beuzan); H IF LX 280 (< *breu-ra-); AEEW
20; V ANEW 40; Z II 166;
O 85; K-S 108 (to
*brewwanan).
*bewwanan str.vb.: OE 1 sg. be, bom to
be, OFris 1 sg. bim id., OS 1 sg. bium id.,
OHG 1 sg. bim id. Related to Skt bhvati
to become, to be, Av bavaiti id., Gk fv
to bring forth, to produce, to beget, Lat
perf. fu I was, OLat f id., Lith bti
to be, Slav *byti id. OE be (I) am is a
relic of an old paradigm also reected
in Lat f < *f, pass. of faci, OIr -bu,
both from *bhi (O Perf. 426).
B 927933; T-F 272;
H AEEW 20; W-H
I 504505, 557558; M II
485487; P I 149; F 68;
F II 10521054; S 112115;
T ESSJa III 155.
*bewwu sb.n.: ON bygg barley, OE bow
id., OS bew seed. Related to *bw(w)anan. T-F 273; H
AEEW 21; V ANEW 66; P
I 149.
44
bi
*banan str.vb.: OHG bgan to scold, to
bi
Grundri II/2 820821; T-F 270;
H AEEW 22; F 88;
P I 34; S Studien 225227
(from IE *pi); O 131; L GED
67; G KZ CIV 122; KS 92.
*bibjanan ~ *bibnan wk.vb.: ON
bifask to shake, OE beoan to tremble, to
quake, OFris beva to shake, OS bibn
id., OHG bibn id. Reduplication related
to Skt bhyate to fear, to be afraid, Skt
bibhti id., Av ni-wyeiti id., OPrus bitwei
id., Slav *bojati s\ id. (M MSL
XIV 346). K KZ XXVI 8586;
W KZ XLI 305309 (against
the above etymology); B
927; T-F 271; H
AEEW 23; M KZ LXXII 127;
M II 431, 471472; P I
162; V ANEW 35; T ESSJa
II 163164; K-S 88.
*bian sb.n.: ON bi biding, waiting,
delay, OE bd delay, abiding. Derived
from *banan. H AEEW 22;
B Nom. 56.
*biilaz sb.m.: ON biill wooer, suitor, OE
adj. bdul prayerful, suppliant (< *biulaz), OHG bitil swain, suitor, solicitor.
Derived from *bijanan. H
AEEW 9; V ANEW 35; S 92.
*bijanan str.vb.: Goth bidjan to ask, to
pray, ON bija to beg, to pray, OE biddan to ask, to pray, OFris bidda id., OS
biddian id., OHG bitten id. Derived from
*banan (O PBB VIII 140143).
S KZ I 561 (to Skt bdhate to
press, to force); C REA 1910 1013
(from Celtic); B BB XVI 252
(with doubts, to * g hedh-); Z Gutt.
31 (same as B); OS IF XXIII 377; K TNTL I
3237 (to IE *bhedh- to bow); M
BSL XXIV 2324 (to IE * g hedh-); TF 258; H AEEW 22; F
89; P I 114; V ANEW 35;
S 9193; O 93; B
IEL 500; M Germ. Rek. 109; L
GED 6768; K-S 114.
*bi sb.f.: Goth bida request, prayer,
45
bitraz
bead, OE bd prayer, supplication
(neut.), OFris bede id., OS beda id., OHG
beta id. Derived from *bijanan or directly
from *banan. H AEEW 19;
F 8889 (to Skt bdhate to press, to
force); P I 114; S 93;
B IEL 501; L GED
67; B Nom. 110; KS 104; B OFED s.v.
*bijanan wk.vb.: ON bia to bide a
bit, OE on-bidian to wait, OFris bidia
id., OS bidn to remain. Derived from
*banan. H AEEW 22; V
ANEW 35; S 95.
*bilan ~ *bilaz sb.n./m.: ON bil moment, OHG bil a moment when the
hunted game stands on guard. If derived
from *bhei- to cut, to strike (L KZ
LXI 13), identical with Slav *bilo beater.
N Abri 227 (to Lith bails fearful);
T Festschr. Unger 172172 (to *bhi as in
Gk mf about, on both sides of ); V
ANEW 36.
*bilaz adj.: OE bile-wit merciful, mild,
gentle, MHG bil-wiz cobold. Close to
MIr bil good < *bhili- and probably Gk
flow beloved, dear. M IF
XVIII 284286; H AEEW 23;
P I 153154; F II 10181020.
*bitan sb.n.: ON bit bite, OHG gi-biz
rein, bit. Derived from *btanan. V
ANEW 38; S 97.
*bitjanan wk.vb.: ON bita to divide
with cross-beams, to cut into bits, OE
grist-bitian to gnash, OHG bizzn to
crunch, to gnash. Derived from *bitn.
H AEEW 25; V ANEW 38;
S 97.
*bitn sb.m.: ON biti bit, cross-beam,
girder, OE bita id., OFris kor-bita consecrated piece, MDu bte morsel, bit,
OHG bizzo bit, wedge. Derived from
*btanan. T-F 270; H
AEEW 24; P I 116; V ANEW
38; O 97; S 97.
*bitraz adj.: ON bitr biting, sharp, OE
biter bitter, sharp, severe, OS bittar bitter, OHG bittar sharp, bitter. Derived
from *btanan. M NTS III
bitraz
312; K NB II 254; N IF
XXXVII 145147 (to Slav *bridk
sharp, bitter); T-F 270; H AEEW 25; P I 116; V
ANEW 38; O 97; S 97;
L GED 5859; B
Nom. 247; H 126127; KS 114.
*bitulaz sb.m.: ON bitull bit, OE bitol,
bytol rein, MHG bizzel little bit. Derived from *bitan. H AEEW
25; V ANEW 38; S 97.
*bituliz ~ *bitulaz sb.m.: Dan bille beetle, OE btel beetle, biting. Derived from
*bitan or directly from *btanan. Cf. *bitulaz. T-F 270.
*banan str.vb.: Goth beidan to wait,
ON ba id., OE bdan to bide, to abide,
to continue, to wait, OFris bda to wait
(usually wk.), OS bdan id., OHG btan id.
Related to Gk peyomai to be persuaded,
to obey, Lat fd to trust. W MP
IV 489490; T-F 270; WH I 493494; F 8687; H AEEW 22; T ZdPh LXX
341342 (to Lat scus basket, chest, Icel
bia milk tub and the like); J IEW 604; P I 117; V
ANEW 35; F II 487488; B
IEL 9598 (the original meaning in Germanic: attendre avec conance); C 868869; O 93; S
9496 (to Latv gidt to wait); L
GED 56, 6566.
*b(n) sb.f.: ON b bee, OE be id.,
OFris b id., OS ba id., OHG ba id., cf.
ban id. (masc.). Cf. WGmc *binjan ~ *bin
> OS bini- (in compounds), bina id.,
OHG bini id., bna id. Somehow related
to Lat fcus drone < *bhoi-ko-, OIr bech
id. < *bhi-ko-, W bydaf beehive, Lith bt
id., Slav *bela bee (F I 490; M MSL XIV 476478). P Kelt.
Gr. I 367, 537; K Glotta III 280
(reconstructs *bhouk o- for Gmc and Lat);
T-F 271; J IF III 225 (to
Lat fcus drone < *bhoiko-), KZ XXXVI
358; W-H I 555 556; H AEEW 18, 24; P I 116,
46
blarn
163; F 45; V ANEW 66;
Z II 220; O 84; T ESSJa III 91, 104105; KS 108.
*btan ~ *btaz sb.n./m.: Goth anda-beit
reproach, rebuke, pitima, ON hl-btr
shadower, OE and-bita unleavened
bread. Derived from *btanan. F 46;
S 97.
*btanan str.vb.: Goth beitan to bite, ON
bta id., OE btan id., OFris bta id., OS
btan id., OHG bzan id. Related to Skt
bhintti to split, to cleave, to pierce, Gk
fedomai to spare, Lat nd to split.
T-F 270; F 87; H 24; W-H I 500501;
J IEW 602604; M
II 500; P I 116117; V
ANEW 38; F II 9991000; S
9699; O 97; L GED 66;
K-S 94.
*blan sb.n.: ON bldr axe, an instrument
for bleeding (masc.), MLG bl axe,
OHG bhal axe. Cf. also WGmc *bilan
> OE bill crooked double-edged sword,
bill, falchion, OS bill sword, MHG bil
pick. Continues IE *bh(e)i-tlo- (H AEEW 23) also reected in Slav
*bidlo rake, pole, plectrum (T
Etim. 46). T-F 269; P I
118; V ANEW 36; O 94; T Rem. 130132 (on Slav *-dlo < IE
*-tlo-m), ESSJa II 9495.
*blaan sb.n.: Burg *bla blade, edge,
ON bla leaf, blade, OE bld id., OFris
-bled id., OS blad id., OHG blat id.
Identical with Toch A plt, B pilta id. and
related to *blanan (H Urgerm. II 41).
T-F 283; H AEEW 25;
P I 122; V ANEW 41; Z I 139; O 98; L GED
76; K-S 116; A TB 388.
*blarn ~ blrn sb.f.: ON blara
bladder, OE bldre blister, pimple, bladder, OS bldara bladder, OHG bltara
pock-mark. Derived from *blanan.
T-F 283; H AEEW 25;
P I 121; V ANEW 41; Z I 155; O 98.
blaxn
47
blankaz
blankaz
10231024; H 129 (to OE
blc black); K-S 115.
*blankjanan wk.vb.: ON blekkja to
impose upon, OE blencan to deceive,
to cheat. Derived from *blankaz. H AEEW 27; V ANEW 43;
O 99; H 129.
*blasaz adj.: ON sbst. blesi blaze, a white
star on a horses forehead, OHG blas
pale, white. Hardly can be separated
from *bhel- white (Gk falw and the
like). M LF XIII 170 (to Slav
*pl baldness); T-F 285; H AEEW 26; P I 158; V
ANEW 43; O 99; K-S
116.
*blautaz adj.: Burg *blauts bare, ON
blautr soft, faint, OE blet miserable,
wretched, OFris blt poor, MLG bloot
uncovered, MHG blz id. Probably connected with flarow petty, paltry, indifferent, fludarw soft. K NB I
62; T-F 287; M AIW 180 (to
Lat acce to be abby); H
AEEW 26; P I 159; V ANEW
43 (to fludv to have an excess of moisture); O 101; L GED 75
(with pre-Gmc *d, related to *blauaz);
L Expr. 267268; H 130
131; K-S 12.
*blauaz adj.: ON blaur weak, efeminate, OE ble gentle, timid, peaceful,
OS blth fearful, despondent, OHG bldi
apathetic, tedious. Related to *blautaz.
W MLN XV 326 (to Skt mlyati to
wither, to fade); T-F 287; H AEEW 26; P I 159;
V ANEW 43; P IF XCIV
295296; L GED 75; H 131132; K-S 120.
*blaun sb.f.: ON bleyi cowardice, OS
blth id., OHG bld apathy. Derived
from *blauaz. V ANEW 44; H 131.
*blaujanan wk.vb.: Goth blaujan to
make powerless, to bring to naught, ON
bleya to lose heart, OS part. gi-blthid
despondent, OHG blden to invalidate,
to fear. Derived from *blauaz. T-
48
blanan
F 287; F 99; H AEEW
26; K NB II 391392; V
ANEW 44; L GED 75; L Expr.
267268; H 131.
*blenaz adj.: Goth blinds blind, ON
blindr id., OE blind id., OFris blind id., OS
blind id., OHG blint id. Related to Lith
blands unclean, bl.sti to sleep, to mix
food with our, Slav *bl\sti to err. Cf.
*blananan. T-F 285; F 100;
H AEEW 27; W NP
82; K NB I 27; F
196197; S LS 15; P I 157;
C SGGJa I 85; F
4748; V ANEW 44; O 100;
S 116; L GED 7576;
B Nom. 240241, 256; H 133134; K-S 119.
*blenn sb.f.: ON blindi blindness, OS
blindi id., OHG blint id. Derived from
*blenaz. H 134.
*blenjanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-blindjan to
blind, to make blind, OFris blinda to
blindfold. Derived from *blenaz. F
100; V ANEW 44; H 134.
*blenjanan wk.vb.: ON blinda to
blind, OFris blindia id. Derived from
*blenaz. H 134.
*bleuaz adj.: ON bljgr bashful, shy,
MHG bliuc id. See *blautaz? T-F
287288 (to Lith blktu to become
slack); P I 159; V ANEW 44.
*bleusan ~ *bleusn sb.n./m.: ON
blys torch, OE blysa id. Connected with
*bhleus- in Gk peri-pefleusmnow pur
burned by re all around. H AEEW 28; P I 159.
*blewwanan str.vb.: Goth bliggwan to
beat, to strike, ME blwe id., MLG
blouwen id., OHG bliuwan id. Of unknown
origin. O KZ III (NF) 8485 (to
Lat g to strike, to strike down); W
MLN XV 327328; T-F 287;
F 100; G KZ LXXV 8086;
P I 125 (to *balwan); O 102;
S 120122; L Verschrfung
15.17, 20.4; L GED 75; KS 119.
*blanan str.vb.: OE blwan to blow,
blanan
OFris pret. sg. on-bl id., OHG part.
-blen id. Related to Lat id. B
PBB XI 278; T-F 283; H AEEW 26; W-H
I 517; J IEW 627628;
P I 121; O 101102; S 117118.
*bljanan wk.vb.: MHG bljen to bleat.
Identical with Lat e to weep, to neigh,
Latv blju, blt to bleat, Slav *blj id.
(H KZ XLVII 310). TF 284; W-H I 515516;
P I 154155; S LS 15.
*blsanan str.vb.: Goth uf-blesan to
blow up, to boast, ON blsa to blow,
MLG blasen id., OHG blsan id. Emphatic derivative of *blanan. T-F
283; H 26; F 511512;
J IEW 627628; P I
121; V ANEW 42; O 99; S 120; L GED 373; KS 115.
*blsman adj.: ON indecl. blsma of
a ewe in heat, OLFrank sbst. blasmo
torch. Derived from *blsanan. V
ANEW 46.
*blstaz ~ *blstuz sb.m.: ON blstr
blast, breath, OE blst blast, OHG
blst breath. Derived from *blsanan.
T-F 283; H AEEW 26;
P I 121122; V ANEW
4243; Z II 199; O 98;
L GED 373.
*blwaz adj.: ON blr blueish, dark blue,
OE bl-h()wen blueish, violet, OFris
blu blue, OS blo blueish, OHG blo
blue, purple. Related to Lat vus
golden yellow, OIr blr yellow, W blawr
grey, blue grey (P Beitrge 31).
T-F 285; S FB 6974;
H Etym. 193 (from *mlo-, to Gk
mlaw black); H AEEW 25;
W-H I 513514; K
NB II 191192; P I 160; V
ANEW 42; L Festschr. Starck
5758; P RBPH XLIV 110112;
O 102; B Nom. 244;
H 135; K-S 116.
*blikan sb.n.: ON blik gleam, OS blek
49
blwan
metal leaf , OHG bleh id. Related to
*blk( j)anan. T-F 286; P I
156; V ANEW 44; Z II 185;
S 119; K-S 117.
*blikjanan wk.vb.: ON blika to shine,
OE blician id. Derived from *blikan.
H AEEW 27; V ANEW 44;
S 119.
*blikn sb.f.: ON blika ash, lightning,
OE ofer-blice surface. Derived from
*blikan. S 119.
*blk(j)anan str.vb.: ON blkja to gleam,
OE blcan to shine, OFris blka id., OS
blkan id., OHG bi-blhhan id. A suxal
formation related to *bljaz. Cf. also Lith
blkti to pale, blykti to sparkle, to
shine, Slav *blstati to shine, *bliskati id.
Z Gutt. 196; T-F 286287;
H AEEW 27; J
IEW 644; P I 156; C
SGGJa I 84; V ANEW 44; F
46; O 99; S 118120; G
Origins 127; K-Seebold 118.
*bln sb.f.: Goth bleiei benevolence,
mercy, OHG herz-bld joy. Derived
from *bl( j)az. F 99; H
132.
*bljanan wk.vb.: Goth bleijan to take
pity, to be merciful, OHG blden to
rejoice. Derived from *bl( j)az. F
99; V ANEW 44; H
132.
*bl( j)az adj.: Goth bleis kind-hearted,
merciful, ON blr gentle, mild, OE
ble joyful, glad, merry, OS blthi shining, light, OHG bldi merry, glad. Continues *mlto- sweet, cf. Hitt miliddu- ~
maliddu-, Luw *mlitu- (H 133).
J PBB XV 226227 (to Skt
mlyati to fade, to wither); T-F
286; B PBB XIII 181182 (separates
a prex *b-, further to Lith pa-leti to
pour in); J PBB XV 226227;
F 99; H AEEW 27;
K NB II 443444; P I
155; V ANEW 44; Z I
146; L GED 75; H
132133.
*blwan sb.n.: ON bl lead, OFris bl id.,
blwan
OS bl id., OHG blo id. Identical with
Lith blvas violet blue. Further related to
*bljaz and WGmc *blwn color > OE
blo, OFris blen, OS bl, *blajjn > OE
ble blay (sh), gudgeon, MLG bleie id.,
G Blei(h)e id. P UU 1891 109,
173; M ZDADL XLII 163 (from
Celtic); S JEGP XXXII 509; TF 287 (together with Gk mlubdow,
mlibow lead and Lat plumbum id., from
an unknown source); H AEEW
25, 27; P I 155; V ANEW
4546; Z I 146; C
SGGJa I 81; O 99; L GED
75; K-S 117118.
*blanan str.vb.: OE blwan to blow,
to bloom, to blossom. Corresponds to
wk. *bljanan elsewhere: OFris blia,
OS bljan, OHG bluoen. Related to Lat
to blow, s bloom, ower, MIr
blth id. See *blanan. T-F 283
284; H AEEW 28; WH I 518519; J IEW
626627; P I 122; C
SGGJa I 101; O 102; S
122; L GED 76; K-S
121.
*blaaz ~ *bliaz adj.: ON bligr
bloody, OE bldi id., OFris bldich id.,
OS bldag id., OHG bluotag, bluotg id.
Derived from *blan. V ANEW 45.
*blajanan wk.vb.: ON blga to
make bleed, OHG bluotagn to make
bloody. Derived from *blaaz ~ *bliaz. V ANEW 4445.
*blan sb.n.: Goth blo blood (with
*--), ON bl id., OE bld id., OFris bld
id., OS bld id., OHG bluot id. Derivationally identical to MIr blth blossom,
W blawd, OCorn blodon < IE *bhl-to- and
further connected with *blanan. G Got. 52 (to Lat vus golden yellow); H Ablaut 90 (to Gk mlaw
black); U PBB XXX 269270;
T-F 283; H AEEW 27;
F 101; P I 122; V ANEW
4445; Z I 139; O 101;
L GED 7677; K-S
121 (to *bhel- to swell).
50
bltan
*bla-rauaz
adj.: ON bl-raur
blood-red, OE bld-red id., early G blutrot id. Compound of *blan and *rauaz.
C Nom. comp. 88 (parallel formations).
*bla-rennanz adj.: Goth bloa-rinnands blood-running, bleeding, OE bldyrnende having an issue of blood, OFris
bld-rennand id. Compound of *blan and
participle of *rennanan. C Nom. comp.
88 (parallel formations).
*bla-risaz adj.: ON indecl. bl-risa
bruised and bloody, LG dial. Blut-rise id.
Cf. also OFris bld-risne bleeding wound,
MLG bltrisene id. Compound of *blan
and *risaz derived from *rsanan. V
ANEW 45.
*bljanan wk.vb.: ON bla to bleed,
OE bldan id., OFris blda id., MLG blden
id., OHG part. bluotenti bloody. Derived
from *blan. H AEEW 27;
V ANEW 46; O 99.
*blmjanan wk.vb.: ON blmask to
bloom, OHG bluomn id. Derived from
*blmn. V ANEW 45.
*blmn sb.m.: Goth bloma ower, ON
blmi bloom, blossom, OFris blma id.,
OS blmo id., OHG bluomo id. Derived
from *blanan. H Ablaut 90 (to Gk
blskv to go, to come, to pass); M Etudes 178; P KZ XLVII
290; T-F 284; F 100; P I 122; Z I 153; O
101; S 122; L GED 76;
K-S 121.
*blstaz sb.m.: ODan blstr blossom,
MHG bluost id. Derived from *blanan.
P BB XXI 210 (to Slav *blu ivy);
L GED 76.
*blstran sb.n.: OHG bluostar sacrice.
A similar form can be reconstructed for
Gothic on the basis of gu-blostreis worshiper of God. Derived from *bltanan.
F 228; S 123; B
Nom. 87.
*blta-xsan sb.n.: ON blt-hs heathen
house of worship, OHG bluoz-hz temple. Compound of *bltan and *xsan.
C Nom. comp. 83 (parallel formations).
*bltan sb.n.: ON blt sacrice, worship,
bltan
OE blt id. Related to *bltanan. TF 287; H AEEW 28; V
ANEW 45; S 123.
*bltanan str.vb.: Goth blotan to serve
(God), to honor (through sacrice), ON
blta to worship, OE bltan to sacrice,
OHG bluozan id. Probably related to
*blanan. B BB III 98 (to Lat men
sacricial priest < *bhld-men-); G Got. 5152 (to OHG blz superbus); O BB XXIV 142 (same as
B); L ANF XXXV 231
(to *bhel- to swell); M ZG LIV
398399 (to Skt mlyati to wither, to
fade); L PBB XLV 258259
(to *blan); T-F 287; H
AEEW 28; F 100101; WH 512513; J IEW
643; K GGA CCXII 54 (to Toch A
plc, B plce speech); P I 154;
C SGGJa I 87; V ANEW
45; S 122123; H IF LXXIX
157 (to W blawdd to boast, to brag);
P KZ LXXIX 5 (follows WH); L GED 76.
*b ptcl.: Goth -ba if, even if . Related to
Av b truly, Gk f as, Lith b so, yes,
b and, Slav *bo for, because (B
BSL LXVIII 39, 53). G Got.
41 (syncopated form of *eb); B 912; J IF LXXXVII
166169 (to Gk -sfa in msfa until);
T BSW 2224; F 72;
P I 113; F I 28, Gnomon
XXVIII 238; F II 10071008; T ESSJa II 141142; L
GED 55.
*bbn sb.m.: ON b knave, rogue, OE
prop. Boba, Bofa, OS prop. Bvo, MLG
bve scam, scoundrel, Alam prop. Boabo,
MHG buobe boy, servant. Originally, a
nursery word. P I 164 (short
form of *brar); P SVSU X 253 (to
Lat faba bean); W MP XI 324 (same
as P); T-F 272; J IEW 583 (to Icel babba to say, to
talk, to chat); V ANEW 47.
*buz ~ *boaz sb.m.: ON bgr shoulder (of an animal), OE bo shoulder,
51
bkjanan
arm, OFris bg bow, branch, MLG bch
joint, shoulder, hip, OHG buog joint,
shoulder, hip (< *biz). Identical with
Toch A poke, B poko arm, Skt bh- arm,
fore-arm, Av bzu- arm, Gk pxuw
elbow. Z Gutt. 205; B 955956; T-F 272; H AEEW 29; M II 429;
P I 108; V ANEW 47;
Z II 199; F II 531532;
O 109110; R Sprache XXXII
311323; B Nom. 156;
K-S 143; A TB 403.
*bjanan wk.vb.: OE bian to boast.
Identical with Lat 1 sg. *fr to speak <
*f--r, Slav *baj, *bajati to tell, to narrate (H KZ XLVIII 238239;
B Grundri II/3 100, 197).
Further related to IE *bh- to speak: Skt
bhnati, Gk fhm. M BSL XX 31,
161; H AEEW 29; WH I 525526; M II
469470; P I 106; F II
10091010; T ESSJa I 138
139.
*bka-listiz sb.f.: ON bk-list book learning, OHG pl. masc. buoh-liste id. Compound of *bkz and *listiz. C Nom.
comp. 83 (parallel formations).
*bka-stabaz sb.m.: ON bk-stafr letter,
character (if not from OE), OE bc-stf
id., OS bk-staf id., OHG buoh-stab id.
Compound of *bks and *stabaz. K IF XLVIII 268; T-F 272;
V ANEW 48; E GL XXI
194197; L GED 77; KS 142 (ON < OE).
*bkjan ~ *bkjn sb.n./f.: ON bki
beech, OE bce id., OS bkia id. Derived
from *bkz. H AEEW 28;
P I 107; O 8485.
*bk sb.f.: Goth boka letter, character,
OS bka beech, OHG buohha id. (- and
n-stem). See *bkz. F KZ I
237; T-F 271272; F 102
103; P I 107; Z II 206;
L GED 77; K-S 141.
*bkjanan wk.vb.: ON bka to arm by
oath on the book, OE bcian to give by
bkjanan
charter, to charter, OFris bkia id., MLG
bken id. Derived from *bkz. H AEEW 28; V ANEW 48.
*bkz sb.f.: ON bk beech; book, OE bc
beech (partly neut.), OFris bk book,
OS bk beech (also neut.), OHG buoh
beech (also neut. and masc.). Related to
Gk fhgw oak, Lat fgus beech, Gaul
bgo- in compounds, Slav *bz elder,
Sambucus (H Waldbume 126).
W Buche passim; O BB
XXIX 249251 (from *bhu-); Z
Gutt. 214; B IF IX 271272
(on Kurd bz elm < Iran *bz-); TF 271272; H AEEW 28;
W-H I 445446; F
102103; P FuS 155160; P
I 107; C SGGJa I 90; V
ANEW 4748; Z II 206; F II
1008; O 107; L KZ LXXXI
197212; L GED 77; B Nom. 197198; G
Wurzelnomina 4145; K-S
141.
*bniz sb.f.: ON bn prayer, request, OE
bn prayer, petition. A derivative in *-niof *bjanan. Cf. in particular Arm ban
word, speech < *bh-ni-, and also Gk
fvn sound, tone. T-F 256;
H AEEW 29; W-H I 525526; P I 105106;
V ANEW 69; F II 10091010;
S KZ XLIII 122123 (to
*bijan); B Nom. 148.
*bsmaz sb.m.: OE bsum bosom, OFris
bsem, bsm id., OS bsom id., OHG buosum id. Continues *bhs-mo- related to Skt
bbhasti to blow, Gk cxv id. TF 272 (from *b-sma- related to
*buz ~ *baz); H AEEW
31; P I 101 (to IE *bheu- to
swell), 146; O 108; K-S
147.
*bta-lausaz adj.: ON bta-lauss getting
no redress, OFris bt-ls id. Compound
of *bt and *lausaz. C Nom. comp.
91 (parallel formations).
*btjanan wk.vb.: Goth btjan to do
good, to be of use, ON bta to better, to
52
bw(w)anan
improve, OE btan id., OFris bta id., OS
btian id., OHG buozen to help, to exculpate. Derived from *bt. T-F
258; H AEEW 29; F 103;
V ANEW 69; L GED 78;
K-S 147.
*bt sb.f.: Goth bota advantage, benet,
good, usefulness, prot, ON bt cure,
remedy, compensation (traces of root
stem), OE bt help, OFris bte improvement, OS bta id., OHG buoza id.
Connected with *batiz. W MP XI
323 (to Skt bht- well-being, prosperity,
power); T-F 258; H
AEEW 31; F 103; P I 106;
V ANEW 51; Z II 206;
O 107; L GED 78; KS 147.
*b sb.f.: OSwed b hut, MLG bde
id., MHG buode id. Related to *bw(w)anan. P I 149.
*b(u) num.: Goth pl. bai both, ON b-ir
id., OE been (< *b-jen), b id., OFris bthe id., OS b-thia id., OHG b-de, bei-de
id. Related to the second element of
Toch A mpi, B ant-api id., Skt u-bhu id.,
Gk mfv id., Lat amb id., Lith ab id.,
Slav *oba id. S PBB X 495 (on
OE); S KZ XXVI 384; M
KZ XXVIII 235237 (Goth -ai under the
inuence of twai two); T-F 255
(Goth -o- in bajos id. = Lat -t- in nostrtes ours); H AEEW 29;
W-H I 37; F 74, 77;
M I 107; P I 3435;
F 1; F I 100; V ANEW
22; O 109; L Verschrfung
11.6; L GED 56; J BSL
LXXI 123131 (Toch < *Hent-bho-);
L-S I 513515; KS 93; R-B Numerals 571
573; A TB 14; B IFTJa 238;
B OFED s.v.
*bw(w)anan str.vb.: Goth bauan to
dwell, to inhabit (partly wk.), ON ba to
dwell, to live, OE ban to dwell (partly
wk.), OFris buwa, bowa id., OS ban id.
Related to Skt bhvati to become, to be,
Av bavaiti id., Gk fv to grow, Alb buj
bw(w)anan
~ bj to state overnight, Lat perf. fu
to be, Lith bti id., Slav *byti id. See
*bewwanan. S KZ XXVI 14
(Goth -au- < *-w-); K PBB VI
381383; B 927933; TF 272; H AEEW 38;
W-H I 557558; F
8384; J IEW 604605;
M II 485487; P I
146149; F 68; F II 1052
1054; S 124128 (specically to
Skt bhvayati to bring into being and
Slav *baviti to be slow, to stay);
T ESSJa I 168170, III 155;
L GED 6364; K-S
86; O AED 39.
*bwwiz sb.m.: ON br town, village,
farm, OFris half be half of the house.
Derived from *bw(w)anan. S
126.
*bwwjanan wk.vb.: ON byggja to settle,
to inhabit, OE ban to inhabit, to stay,
OFris bwa id., OS ban id., OHG ben,
bwen id. Derived from *bw(w)anan.
H AEEW 39; V ANEW 67;
S 125.
*braan ~ *braaz sb.n/m.: ON
brag moment, quick movement, OE
brgd deceit, fraud, OFris breud pulling.
Derived from *breanan. H
AEEW 32; V ANEW 52; V W I 387 (to Toch A prak, B prentse
moment).
*branan sb.n.: OE bren brain, OFris
brein id., MLG bragen, bragen, bregen id. A
dicult word. Perhaps, originally an
adjective *branan (mazan) upper (marrow) derived from IE *bher6h- high and
opposed to *maziz ~ *mazan proper.
On the other hand, the original meaning of *branan could be *head. For the
formation and meaning cf. Av bar6nuheight, head. T-F 279; H AEEW 32 (to Gk brexmw top of
the head); O 113.
*braxsmn sb.f.: Norw dial. brasma
bream (a kind of sh), OS bressemo id.
(masc.), OHG brahsmo id. (masc.), brahsma
id. Probably derived from *brexanan ~
53
brakan
*brexjanan (T-F 278). P I
142 (to *bher6- to shine).
*braiaz adj.: Goth brais broad, ON
breir id., OE brd id., OFris brd id., OS
brd id., OHG breit id. Probably from
*bhroi-to- based on IE *bhrei- to cut
(W BB XXVIII 35). B BB III 81 (to Lith beti to pour
out, to empty); P IF XXIII 392
(same as B, adds Lat frns
forehead); G Got. 53 (to
Lat brtus heavy, dicult < *bhroito-);
J KZ XXX 451 (to Gk bryw
heavy); B PBB XXIV 453454
(reconstructs *bhor6do-); K NB I 58;
S KZ XXXVII 306 (to *spranan and
Lith brdoti to stand at arrest while wading); L WuS X 166167
(from *bhr-oitos wall-eyed); T-F
277; F 104; H AEEW 31;
T Lehm 43; V ANEW 55; O
119; L GED 79; B
Nom. 252; H 136137 (to
*spranan); K-S 134.
*braiislan sb.n.: ON breizl cover, OE
masc. (?) brdels anything spread, carpet,
covering. Derived from *braiaz. H AEEW 32; V ANEW 55.
*brain sb.f.: Goth braidei breadth, OE
brdo id., OFris brde id., OHG breit id.
Derived from *braiaz. H
AEEW 32; F 104; O 115; H 137.
*braijanan wk.vb.: Goth us-braidjan to
spread out, ON breia to spread, OE
brdan to make broad, OS brdian to
spread, OHG breiten id. Derived from
*braiaz. H AEEW 32; F
529; V ANEW 55; L GED 79;
H 137.
*brain sb.f.: ON breia drift, ock, OE
brde breadth, MLG brde id., OHG
hant-breita palm. Derived from *braiaz.
H AEEW 32; V ANEW 55;
H 136.
*brakan sb.n.: ON brak creaking noise,
OE brc breaking, owing, rheum,
MLG brak burst, fracture, MHG brach
noise. Derived from *brekanan. Similar to
brakan
Lat fragor fragility. O Morph.
Unt. V 100 (adds OIr braigim to fart <
*bhrag); T-F 277; F 104 (separates *brakan from *brekanan); P
I 165; V ANEW 53; S 133;
L GED 79 (to Lat fragor crash,
noise).
*brakjanan wk.vb.: ON braka to creak,
OS brakn to crash, MHG braken id.
Derived from *brakan. V ANEW 53;
S 133.
*brakn sb.m.: Norw brake juniper bush,
E brake bush, MLG brake branch. Derived from *brekanan. T-F 277;
P I 165.
*brana-rai sb.f.: ON brand-rei
grate, OE brand-rd branding rod, OS
brande-rda grate, OHG brante-reita id.
Compound of *branaz II and *rai.
C Nom. comp. 46.
*branaz I sb.m.: ON brandr rebrand,
OE brand id., OFris brand id., OS brand
id., OHG brant id. Derived from *brennanan (C KZ XL 462). TF 263; H AEEW 32;
J IEW 619620; P I
144145; V ANEW 5354; Z I 129 (identies *branaz I and II);
O 114; S 138; K-S 130.
*branaz II sb.m.: ON brandr blade of a
sword, OE brand sword (if not from ON),
MHG brant id. Related to Lat frns forehead (P KZ XXXIX 392). It
can also be just a metaphoric usage of
*branaz I. P IF XXIV 4042
(to *buran); H AEEW 32;
W-H I 551; P I 167;
V ANEW 53; Z I 129; O
114 (identical with *branaz I).
*bran(n) sb.f.: ON branga quarrel (?)
(hap. leg.), MLG brank ght. Unclear.
F Festschr. Bugge Kr. 1314 (to
*pran( j)anan); V ANEW 53.
*brannjanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-brannjan to
burn (trans.), ON brenna id., OE brnan
to kindle, to light, to burn, OFris barna
to burn (trans.), OS gi-brennian id., OHG
brennen id. Causative of *brennanan.
54
brautjanan
T-F 263; H AEEW 15;
F 176; V ANEW 56; O 128;
S 137; L GED 80; KS 134; B OFED s.v.
*brannjn sb.f.: ON brenna re, OHG
brenne-friscing burning oering. Derived
from *brannjanan. S 138.
*brantaz adj.: ON brattr steep, OE brant
high, deep, steep. Probably related to
Latv bruds roof ridge (P KZ
XXXIII 292: Latv brudin id.). TF 279; H AEEW 32;
K NB II 229230; P I 167;
C SGGJa I 77; V ANEW
54 (to *branaz II); H 137.
*brastjanan wk.vb.: ON brasta to
bluster, OHG brastn to pelt down, to
patter. Derived from *brestanan. C SGGJa I 75; S 139.
*brauan sb.n.: Crim. Goth broe bread,
ON brau id., OE bred bit, morsel,
OFris brd bread, OS brd id., OHG brt
id. Continues IE *bhrou-t- related to
*brewwanan (F ANF XLI 117118).
Another accentual and apophonic type of
the same derivative in *-to- is represented
by *bruan. P SVSU X 784785;
S NGWG [1910] 1315 (Goth
broe < *broet); T-F 281; H IF XLVII 329 (reconstructs Goth
*broc = OHG brocko hunk, chunk),
AEEW 33; W MLN XXV 72 (to Skt
bhrvati to chew, to devour); F 106;
P I 145; V ANEW 54;
Z I 139; S CG 132 (follows S); O 115; S
143; L GED 8081; B Nom. 79; K-S 137.
*brauskaz adj.: ON breyskr brittle, MLG
brsch id., G dial. brausch brittle, dry.
Despite morphological diculties, derived from *breutanan. H KZ
XLVII 311; T-F 282; P I
169; V ANEW 56 (reconstructs
*brautiskaz); H 138.
*brautjanan wk.vb.: ON breyta to alter,
to change, OE brytan to break. Causative of *breutanan. H AEEW
37; V ANEW 56; S 141.
brazaz
*brazaz ~ *brezaz sb.m.: Norw dial.
bradd shore, bank, OE breord brim, margin, rim, OHG brart edge, prow of a
ship. Related to *bruzaz. T-F
266.
*brean sb.n.: ON brig change, breach
(also fem.), OE brid change, variety.
Derived from *breanan. H
AEEW 34; V ANEW 56.
*breanan str.vb.: ON brega to move
swiftly, OE bredan to move to and fro,
to vibrate, OFris breida to pull, to tug,
OS part. brugdun knitted, tied, OHG brettan to pull, to tug. Derived from *brekanan.
However, if moving swiftly or vibrating
are older meanings, one could derive
this verb from *brexanan ~ *brexjanan.
T-F 278; H AEEW
33; F 103104; J IEW
621623; P I 142 (to *bher6- to
shine); V ANEW 55 (to *bherfence); O 113; S 129132;
L GED 79 (to *brw ~ *brxw);
H 140.
*brexanan ~ *brexjanan str./wk.vb.:
ON brj, br to icker (wk.), MHG brehen to light up (str. and wk.). Connected
with Skt bhrate to shine, to glitter, Gk
forkn: leukn, polin, =usn, Hes.
T-F 278 (to Lith mrkti to shut
(eyes), Slav *mrknti to become dark,
Gk marssv to sparkle, to twinkle);
M II 532 (the comparison with
Skt subjective Auswahl bleiben mu);
P I 141142; F II 1036.
*brekan sb.n.: ON brek fraudulent purchase of land, OE brec breaking, crash,
noise, MLG brek aiction, shortage.
Derived from *brekanan. H
AEEW 33; V ANEW 55; S
132133.
*brekanan str.vb.: Goth brikan to break,
OE brecan id., OFris breka id., OS brekan
id., OHG brehhan id. Related to Lat frang
id., Lith brti to whisk (C Gr. Et.
542). Cf. WGmc derivative *brkaz ~
*brkan > OE brc brook, MLG brk
marsh, OHG bruoh swamp. Z
Gutt. 196, 214; T-F 277278 (*br-
55
brenanan
kaz ~ *brkan to Gk bragw: low, Hes.);
H AEEW 33, 35; WH I 541; F 105106;
P I 165; F 35; O
115, 120; S 132135; L
GED 80; K-S 133.
*brekn sb.m.: ON breki breaker, OE
wier-breca adversary, OHG hs-brehho
burglar. Derived from *brekanan. H AEEW 33; V ANEW 55;
S 133.
*brem(m)anan str.vb.: OE bremman to
roar, to rage, OHG pret. bram rugiebam (*-m-), MHG brimmen to roar.
Identical with Lat frem to roar, to resound, W brefu to bleat (S KZ
XLV 55; F II 184). P Beitrge
36 (on Gk brmv to roar with initial
*b-); O Morph. Unt. V 9394 (from
*mrem-); T-F 279; H
AEEW 3334; W-H I 544
545; P I 143; S 135136.
*brenaz ~ brenn sb.m.: Swed brind,
brinde elk, Norw bringe id. Close to
Messap brndon: lafon (Hes.), brntion: kefal to lfou (Strabo),
brunda caput cervi (isid.). Cf. Lith bredis
deer, OPrus braydis mooze and Alb bri
~ br horn. B BB XXIII
299300; L WuS XI 60; TF 279; M KZ LXVI 7577,
8789 (on onomastics containing this
stem); P I 168169; F 57;
T PJa I 244245; O AED
3637.
*brenanan str.vb.: Goth briggan to
bring, OE brinan id., OFris bringa id.,
OS bringan id., OHG bringan id. Related
to IE *bhrenk- in W he-brwng to bring, to
lead, Toch B prk- to take away.
B IF XII 155158 (from *bherto carry and *ene- to reach); G Mlanges Saussure 119121 (follows
B); J PBB XV 227228
(prex *b-; related to Gk =mfa quick,
fast); Z Gutt. 209; T-F 279;
P KZ XXXIX 354 (to Arm
banam to exalt < *bhorh-n-); H AEEW 34; F 105; P I
brenanan
168; C SGGJa I 111; O
118; S 136137; L GED
7980; K-S 136.
*brenn sb.f.: ON bringa breast, chest,
OE brin-dl epilepsy. Derived from
*brenanan. T-F 279 (to Icel bringr
hill, and further to Lith brnkti to soak).
*brenkaz sb.m.: ON fem. brekka slope,
ME neut. brinke bank, shore, MLG brink
edge of a eld, hill. Close to Toch B
prenke island (V W I 387).
Z Gutt. 197198 (from IE *mrengand further to *markan); T-F 277
(to *brekanan); P I 167; V ANEW
55; O 118; L 5051;
K-S 136 (to *barmaz II).
*brennanan str.vb.: Goth brinnan to burn
(intr.), ON brinna, brenna id., OE beornan
id., OFris burna id., OS brinnan id., OHG
brinnan id. Of unknown origin. It is not
clear whether ON brimi re, ME brim
embers belong here. K KZ I 201;
B BB XII 77 (to Lat furnus
stove); S BB XX 12 (to MIr doe-prinn auit); A NTU VIII
1521; P Kelt. Gr. II 477478;
P Beitrge 784 (from *bhren--);
T-F 263; H AEEW 24;
F 106; J IEW 619621;
P I 144145 (to IE *bhreu- to
move violently); V ANEW 5657;
O 128; S 137138 (to * g herto burn); L GED 80; KS 134.
*brennn sb.f.: Goth brinno fever, OHG
brinna burning, pain. Derived from
*brennanan. F 106; S 137.
*brestanan str.vb.: ON bresta to burst,
OE berstan id., OFris bersta id., OS brestan
id., OHG brestan id. Related to OIr brissim to break. T-F 280; H AEEW 21; J IEW
640641; P I 169 (to MIr brosc
noise); V ANEW 56; O 129;
S 139; K-S 100 (to
*brekanan).
*brestuz sb.m.: ON brestr outburst, crash,
OE berst loss, OHG bresto destruction, damage. Derived from *brestanan.
56
branan
T-F 280; H AEEW 21;
V ANEW 56.
*breuskan sb.n.: ON brjsk gristle, MLG
brsche bump. Probably related to
*brustz. T-F 281282; P
I 171.
*breusta-ber sb.f.: ON brjst-bjrg
breastplate, OE brost-beor id. (masc.).
Compound of *breustan and *ber.
C Nom. comp. 80 (parallel formations).
*breustan sb.n.: ON brjst breast, OE
brost id. (also fem. and masc.), OFris
briast id., OS pl. briost id. An ablaut variant of *brustz. Structurally close to Slav
*brust calf (anat.), *brustv id.
(T ESSJa III 3435). GG II 443 (inuenced by *breutanan);
K Btrg. Gesch. VIII 510; T-F
283; H AEEW 34; P I
170171; C SGGJa I 61;
V ANEW 5758; Z II 206;
O 116; L GED 82; B Nom. 200; K-S 140.
*breutanan str.vb.: ON brjta to break,
OE bretan to bruise, to break, MHG
briezen to bud. Of unclear origin.
T-F 281282 (to Lith briutis to
penetrate); H AEEW 34;
W MP V 270271 (to IE *bhreu- to
cut o ); P UU 1891 125 (to *barjanan); T Holz 81; J IEW
635636; P I 169; V ANEW
58; S NTS XX 239242, LS 16;
S 141142; L GED 81;
K 715.
*brewwanan str.vb.: ON part. brugginn to
brew (beer), OE brewan id., OFris past
part. browen id., OFris brouwa id., OS
part. gebreuuan id., MLG brouwen id.,
MHG briuwen, brwen id. Related to Lith
briuti to push, Slav *brujati to buzz, to
ow. See *bruan. T-F 281;
H AEEW 34; J
IEW 619621; P I 145 (to *brennanan); V ANEW 60; O 117;
S 143144; L Verschrfung
17.6; K-S 132.
*branan str.vb.: OSwed part. brdhin
melted, OE brdan to roast, to broil,
branan
OFris brda id., MLG braden id., OHG
brtan id. Can be connected with *brjanan. T-F 263264; H
AEEW 32 (to *braz); F 104105;
J IEW 613614; P I
132133; V ANEW 62; S
128129; L GED 79; KS 131 (to IE * g her- to burn).
*braz adj.: ON brr hasty, sudden,
OE sbst. br odor, scent, breath. Derived from *brjanan. Perhaps, further
related to Lat fretum, fretus raging, swelling,
heat, violence. T-F 263; H AEEW 32; W-H
I 546547; P I 132 133 (to IE
*bher- to boil up); V ANEW 52;
O 116.
*brjanan wk.vb.: ON bra to melt,
OE brdan to roast. Derived from
*branan. T-F 263; H
AEEW 32; S 129.
*br(n) sb.f./m.: ON br raw
meat, OE brde roasted meat, OS brdo
ham, OHG brto meat, roasted meat.
Related to *branan. T-F 263;
H AEEW 32; V ANEW 52;
K-S 131.
*brxw ~ *braxwan sb.f./n.: Goth
bra twinkling (of an eye) (only in the
context of in braa augins n =ip
fyalmo), ON br eyelid, OFris g-br
id., OS slegi-brwa, brha eyelid, brow,
OHG brwa eyelid, brow. Cf. also OE
masc. brw eyelid < *brwiz ~ *brxwiz.
Derived from *brexanan ~ *brexjanan.
K KZ I 134 (to IE *bhreu- brow);
F KZ XX (1872) 178; S I 350,
463 (follows K); J KZ XXX
445448 (to Lith mrkti to motion);
N SVSU V/3 7; T-F
278279; H AEEW 32; F
103104; S 83, 162 (to Lat frns
forehead); P I 142; V ANEW
5152 (to *breanan); Z II 192;
O 112; L GED 7879 (to IE
*bhrek- to gleam); K-S 131
132; A TB 418419 (to Toch B preke
time, occasion).
*brjanan wk.vb.: Crim. Goth breen to
57
brr
roast, MDu bryen id., MHG brjen to
smell. A distant connection with Skt
bhurti to move, Gk porf,rv to heave,
to rise is possible. F I 696 (to Lat
fretum, in its metaphoric meaning: fretus
ipse anni permiscet frigus et aestum, Lucr. 6,
364); G ZdPh XXX 133;
B PBB XI 279; H PBB
LXVI 268; F 104105; P I
132133; L GED 79 (to IE *bherto boil up).
*brima-lai sb.f.: ON brim-lei sea, OE
brim-ld sea-way. Compound of *briman
and *lai. C Nom. comp. 54.
*briman sb.n.: Burg *brim ood, ON
brim surf , ME brim surf, sea. Related to
Gk frimv to snort and leap (of animals) (F BB XVII 310). C IF XXIX 376 (to Skt bhrmati to
move around); P I 133 (to
*braz); V ANEW 5657; F II
1043; K 709.
*brkz sb.f.: ON brk tartan cloth,
breeches, OE brc breeches, OFris brk
id., MLG brk id., OHG ln-bruoh stocking. The relations with Gaulish brca
breeches, MIr brc id., OPrus broakay id.
are not clear. The latter is probably from
Gmc. M ZDADL XLII 170 (to *brekanan); S IF II 168 (to Lat frgr to
emit a smell, to smell); Z KZ XXX
8788 (MIr brc trousers < Gmc);
J WuS IX 148151 (from Celtic);
T-F 280; H AEEW 35;
J ZDADL LXVI 244246 (same
as J); P I 165; V ANEW
58; Z I 157; O 116;
B GuK 402; T PJa I
253254; B Nom. 198; G Wurzelnomina 6290; KS 138.
*brr sb.m.: Goth broar brother,
ON brir id., OE bror id., OFris
brther id., OS brthar id., OHG bruodar
id. Continues IE *bhrter- id.: Toch A
pracar, B procer, Skt bhrtar-, Av brtar-,
Gk Ion frthr: delfow (Hes.), Arm
ebayr, Lat frter, OIr brth(a)ir, OPrus
brti, Slav *bratr. K HG 95;
brr
B 971972; T-F 280
281; H AEEW 36; WH I 541542; F 106107;
M II 530531; P I
163164; Z I 157; V ANEW
58; F II 10391040; O 121;
B IEL 172; S Kinship
2528; T ESSJa II 238; L GED 81; H KZ CIII 102103;
B Nom. 208; KS 138139 A TB 421422;
B IFTJa 250.
*brur-bann sb.m.: ON brur-bani
fratricide, OE bror-bana id. Compound
of *brr and *bann. C Nom. comp.
54.
*bruj(n) sb.f.: ON bryggja landing-stage,
pier, OE bryc bridge, OFris bregge,
brigge id., OS bruggia id., OHG brugga id.
A guttural derivative connected with
Gaul brva bridge < *bhr, Slav *brv
id. Cf. also ON br bridge < *brw.
K KZ I 134 (to Skt bhr- brow, eyebrow, Gk frw id.); M WuS
I 189; T-F 281; L Language
IX 253254; H AEEW 37;
P I 173; V ANEW 59, 6162;
Z II 179; S IF LXXXVII
189191; T ESSJa III 7172;
K-S 138.
*brun sb.f.: Norw dial. brogn, brogne
twig, OE bron(e) id. Closely related to
W brwyn-en bulrush, OCorn brunnen juncus, scirpus, Bret broenn-enn < *bhrugh-no-.
H AEEW 36; P I 174.
*brukn sb.m.: Goth ga-bruka broken
piece, crumb, OE e-broc broken piece,
fragment (neut.), OHG brocko a kind of
biscuit. Comparison with *brekanan (C Gr. Et. 542; G Ablaut 54,
7986) is impeded by the vocalism of
*brukn (but cf. *brunjaz ~ *brunn).
T-F 277; H Idg. Gr. II 82;
H AEEW 36; F 176;
W-H I 541; P I 165;
L GED 134.
*bruman sb.n.: ON brum bud, OHG
brom id. Probably from *bruman, related
to *brun. B BB III 99 (to Lat frns
58
brunstiz
foliage, branch, bow); L Studien 96
(same as B); T-F 105 (follow
B); P I 142; V ANEW 60
(to OE brm shrub from which besoms
are made, broom).
*brunan sb.m.: Swed brnad conagration, OE brna a kind of disease,
OHG bronado scab, rash. Derived from
*brunjaz ~ *brunn. T-F 263.
*brunjaz ~ *brunn sb.m.: ON
bruni burned lava-eld, OE bryne burning, ame, re. Related to *brennanan.
T-F 263; H AEEW 37;
V ANEW 61.
*brunjn sb.f.: Goth brunjo armor, breastplate, ON brynja coat of mail, OE byrne
corslet, coat of mail, OS brunnia id.,
OHG brunna, brunn id. Borrowed from
Celtic, cf. OIr bruinne breast, OW bronn
id., Bret bronn id. (S Urkelt. 184).
G Got. 53 (to *brw);
W BB XXVII 235 (to Alb mbrej
to harness, brinj rib); W MLN XIII
82 (to *bher- to carry); P IF
XXIII 390392 (to Lat frns forehead);
T-F 282; H AEEW
41; F 107108; S GRM
XXXI 273; P I 170; V
B-104105; V ANEW 62; Z
I 155; L GED 8182; KS 139 (to *brustz).
*brunnn sb.m.: Goth brunna fountain,
source, ON brunnr, brur spring, well
(from *brunnaz), OE burna stream, OFris
burna spring, well, OS brunno, burno id.,
OHG brunno id. Based on an r/l-stem
reected in Arm abiwr fount, Gk fr`r
well, reservoir. J BB XVIII
37; S Urkelt. 172 (to MIr bruinnid to
make spout); O-S IF XXIII
379 (to Slav *brujati to stream); W
KZ XXXIV 517; T-F 264;
H AEEW 39; F 108;
P I 144; V ANEW 61; Z II 178; F II 10401041; O
128; L GED 82; K-S
139140.
*brunstiz sb.f.: Goth ala-brunsts burnt
oering, OHG brunst re, burning, in-
brunstiz
ammation. Derived from *brennanan.
T-F 263; F 3334; S
138; L GED 2425; KS 140.
*bruskaz sb.m.: Norw brusk bush, LG
brsch hair-lock. Close to Lith pl. br~zgai
scrub, copse, bush, brzgas rod, twig.
F III 282; T-F 282; P I
172; F 61.
*brustz sb.f.: Goth brusts breast, OFris
brust id., MLG borst id., OHG brust id.
(also an i-stem). Identical with Slav
*brst, *brst bud. G DW II
443 (to *breutanan); Z Gutt. 129;
B PBB XIII 320322 (to Slav pl.
*prsi breast); G Got. 5354
(to *brw); U PBB XXX 271;
J IF XIX 117118 (to Slav
*brdo hill, elevation); P IF
XXIII 391 (to IE *bhreus- to swell);
T-F 283; F 108109; P
I 170171 (to OIr br belly); C SGGJa I 61; V ANEW 57;
Z II 206; T ESSJa III
5758; L GED 82; B
Nom. 200; G Wurzelnomina
463471; K-S 139140 (to
Slav *grd breast).
*brutan sb.n.: ON brot broken piece, fragment, OE e-brot fragment. Derived
from *breutanan. H AEEW 36;
V ANEW 59; S 141; B Nom. 56.
*brutjjanan wk.vb.: ON brytja to chop,
OE bryttian to divide into fragments.
Related to *brutjn. H AEEW
38; P I 169; V ANEW 62.
*brutjn sb.m.: ON bryti steward, baili ,
OE brytta bestower, dispenser, distributor. Derived from *breutanan. TF 282; H AEEW 37;
P I 169; V ANEW 62;
S 141; B Nom. 182.
*bruan sb.n.: ON bro broth, OE bro
id., OHG brod id. Continues IE *bhrtoidentical with OIr bruth heat, Thrac
brtow barley beer, brotow: t k
kriyn pma, Hes. (T Thr. II/1
7) further belonging to IE *bhreu- to
59
briz
move strongly, see *brewwanan. TF 281; H AEEW 36;
D Thr. 93; P I 145;
G Issledov. 119; V ANEW 58;
Z I 139; O 121; B Nom. 79.
*bruzaz sb.m.: ON broddr spike, shaft,
OE brord prick, sharp point, OHG brort
edge, stem. Continues *bhruzdhos <
*bhrus-dh-. Related to Lith bruzdklis bridle, Slav *brzda id. P IF V 73;
M Etudes I 156; T-F 266;
T BSW 39; H
AEEW 36; P I 110; F I
60; V ANEW 58; Z I 129;
O 112; T ESSJa III 62.
*bruzjanan wk.vb.: ON brydda to prick,
to point, OE bryrdan to prick, to goad.
Derived from *bruzaz. H
AEEW 37; V ANEW 61.
*bri-umn sb.m.: ON br-gumi
bridegroom, OE brd-guma id., OFris
breid-goma id., OS brdi-gomo id., OHG
brti-gomo id. Compound of *briz
and *umn. T-F 282; S
ZDADL LI 28287; C Nom. comp. 46;
P KZ XC 89; K-S
132133.
*bri-xlaupan sb.n.: ON br-laup
brides journey, OFris br-lop id. Cf. also
OS brd-loht, MHG brt-louft. Compound
of *briz and *xlaupan. S
ZDADL LXI 1734 (reconstructs the original meaning as brides dance); K WuS XVI 8090; T-F 282;
C Nom. comp. 46; V ANEW 59;
K-S 133.
*briz sb.f.: Goth brus bride, young
wife (< *briz), ON brr bride, OE
brd bride, wife, OFris breid newly married, OS brd bride, married woman,
OHG brt newly married woman, young
woman, daughter-in-law. Of unknown
origin. U PBB XXII 188 (<
*mrti- promised, engaged, to Lith mart
bride, daughter-in-law, Skt brvti to
speak, to say); W MLN XV 96
(follows U); W BB
XXVII 205 (same as W); B PBB
briz
XIII 184185 (from *per-dhi-, based on
*edh- to lead); T Festschr. Unger 174
(same as U); B PBB
XXXII 58 (to Lat Frutis, epithet of
Venus); K PBB XXXIV 561562
(follows B); H PBB XXXV
306310 (to *brauan, for the meaning
cf. OE hlf-die bread-kneader, mistress,
lady); H ZdPh XLII 446447
(to Slav *brak marriage); L
LS II 4864 (from IE *bh-H-eH-ti- lifegiving force bearer); K WuS
XVI 8090 (to *breutanan); H Glotta XI 216217 (to Gk Afrodth); T-F 282; H
AEEW 37; F 103, 110111; T
ZSSR LXV 254255 (to IE *bhrterbrother); P I 299; V ANEW
5960; Z I 150; O 117;
L GED 8384; K-S
132.
*brkanan str.vb.: OE brcan to use,
OFris brka id., OS brkan id., OHG
brhhan id. Cf. Goth brukjan id. < *brkjanan. Related to Lith brauki, braUkti to
smear, to paint, Slav *brusiti to whet.
T Thr. I/30 (to Thrac ethn.
Brgew); S KZ XXXIV 70 (same
as T); T-F 281; W
MP V 270271 (to *breutanan); H AEEW 37; F 107; H
AEEW 36; P I 170, 173 (to Lat
frx fruits of the earth, produce of the
elds, pulse, fruor to enjoy, to delight in);
C SGGJa I 91; O 120;
S 140141; K-S 131.
*brkiz ~ *brkjaz adj.: Goth bruks
useful, OE brce id., OHG brhhi id.
Derived from *brkanan. W MP V
270271 (to *breutanan); Z Gutt.
96; F 107; W-H I
552553 (to Lat frg having merit, dat.
of frx fruit); H AEEW 36;
P I 173; M Festschr. Schrder
97, KZ CV 134135; L GED 81;
B Nom. 260; H
142.
*brnaz I adj.: ON brnn brown, OE
brn dark, brown, OFris brn brown,
60
buan
OS brn-rd sparkling red, OHG brn
reddish-brown, blackish. Structurally
identical with Gk frnow frog <
*brown (K KZ I 200). Further related to IE *bhreu-, cf. Skt babhr- reddish-brown, brown. T-F 264;
S FB 5659; H
AEEW 36 (adds Slav *brunti to shine);
K ZdPh LXVII 110; K
NB II 204205; M II 409410;
P I 136; D VSJa 26; V
ANEW 61; F II 1047; O 121;
H 143; K-S 132.
*brnaz II adj.: ON sbst. brn edge, OE
brn shining, ashing. Related to OIr br
border, edge, shore, Lith briaun edge
(P Beitrge 1719, 750752: further
to *brw). H AEEW 36;
P I 170173; F 57; V
ANEW 60; Z II 220; H 143 (identies *brnaz I and II);
A TB 374 (identical with Toch A
prw, B prwne brows).
*brsjanan wk.vb.: Swed brsa to roar,
to thunder, MLG brsen id., MHG brsen
id. Of imitative origin. P UU
1891 164 (to Gk frussomai to neigh,
to be wanton); P I 171172;
V ANEW 61.
*brw sb.f.: ON brn eyebrow (generalized pl. stem), OE br eyebrow. Related
to Toch A dual prwn-, B prwne id.,
Skt bhr- id., Gk frw id., Maced
brotew (leg. broWew): frw. Makednew (Hes.), MIr brad, Lith bruvs id.,
Slav *bry, gen. -ve id. K
Einleitung 287 (on Macedonian); H Mak. 51 (conjecture for Macedonian); T-F 281; H
AEEW 36; M II 534536;
P I 172173; F 57;
Z II 220; F II 454; O
121; T ESSJa III 6364;
G Etim. 1984 41 (Maced brotew
= Slav pl. *brudi whiskers).
*buan sb.n.: ON bo bid, commandment, OE bod command, commandment, OFris bod id, OS gi-bod id, OHG
bot authoritative pronouncement. De-
buan
rived from *beuanan. T-F 274;
H AEEW 28; P I 151;
S 109; B Nom. 56.
*bun sb.m.: ON prop. Boddi, Norw
budda newborn domestic animal, ME
budde bud, LG budde louse. Of descriptive
origin. H AEEW 38; V
ANEW 47; K-S 105106.
*bumaz ~ *butmaz sb.m.: ON botn
bottom (*-t-), OE bodan id. (also botm
with *-t-), OFris bodem id., OS bodom id.,
OHG bodam id. (<*--). Unexplained
uctuations in the intervocalic dental.
Close to Gk puymn id. and further to
Skt budhn- bottom, ground, Av buna- id.
(?< *bhundhno-), Lat fundus bottom.
P SVSL I 1718 (alternation *d:
*dh explained from the paradigm nom.
*bhudh-, gen. *bhu(n)dnes); B
968969; T-F 275 (add OE
byden bushel, barrel, MLG bodene cask,
OHG butin(a) id. which are from MLat
butina bottle, vessel); P WuS XV
112133; N GR XIII 127
129; H AEEW 31; WH I 564565; M II 438;
P I 174; V ANEW 51; Z II 226; F II 620621; O
109; L Expr. 340341; KS 122123.
*bujanan wk.vb.: ON boa to announce, OE bodian to tell, to announce,
OFris bodia to summon, MLG boden id.,
MHG boten id. Derived from *beuanan.
H AEEW 28; V ANEW
4647.
*bun sb.m.: Burg *buda messenger,
ON boi id., OE boda id., OFris boda id,
OS bodo id, OHG boto id Derived from
*beuanan. T-F 275; H AEEW 28; P I 151; V
ANEW 47; Z I 139; O 104;
S 109; B Nom. 174;
K 709; K-S 128.
*bun sb.m.: Crim. Goth boga bow, ON
bogi id., OE boa id., OFris boga id., OS
swi-bogo vault, OHG bogo arch, bow.
Derived from *beuanan. T-F
273; H AEEW 29; F 102;
61
bukkaz
P I 152153; V ANEW 47;
Z I 153; O 111; S
111; L GED 73, 77; B Nom. 174; K-S 123.
*builaz sb.m.: ON bygill stirrup, MLG
bogel hanger, G Bgel id. Derived from
*beuanan. V ANEW 67; KS 143.
*buiz sb.m.: ON bugr bowing, winding,
OE be bowing, bending, angle, MDu
boge bend. Derived from *beuanan.
H AEEW 39; V ANEW 63;
S 111.
*bujanan wk.vb.: Goth bugjan to buy,
ON byggja to let out, to lend, OE bycan
to buy, OS buggian id. Derived from
*beuanan (G Got. 54). For the
semantic development cf. Gk pvlv to
sell ~ plv to turn, to spin. O
IF V 293295; U Btrg. Gesch.
XXX 2777; L ANW XXXII
282 (to Gk fegv to y); T-F
274; H AEEW 39; F 111;
P I 153; V ANEW 67; B 110111 (to Av baog- to save, to
redeem, to liberate); S 111; B IEL 108111; L Verschrfung 15.3; L GED 84.
*buxtiz sb.f.: ON bt patch, OE byht
bending, corner (masc.), MLG bucht
bay, G Bucht id. Derived from *beuanan.
H AEEW 39; V ANEW 51;
K-S 142.
*bukjanan wk.vb.: OFris buckia to bend,
MLG bucken id., MHG bcken id. Based on
the unattested *beukanan to be compared
with Skt bhujti id., Ir d-bocc wood bow.
M II 504506; P I 153.
*bukkaz sb.m.: ON bukkr, bokkr buck,
OE bucc roebuck, MLG buck goat, ram,
OHG boc, buc id. Borrowed from the
Celtic word for he-goat, cf. MIr bocc, W
bwch, Corn boch, Bret bouch (P
Litteris VII 2324). M MSL XV
356 (hypocoristic gemination); Z
Gutt. 196; T-F 273 (related to
Celtic and other Indo-European forms
continuing *bhuos ~ *bhukkos); L Language VII 282 (to *beuanan); M
bukkaz
Gm. 87, 138139; P Gliederung 115;
P I 174; V ANEW 64;
Z II 178; O 122; KS 122.
*bukkn sb.m.: ON bokki he-goat, OE
bucca id. See *bukkaz. H
AEEW 38; M Gm. 113, 139, 178;
O 122.
*bulaz ~ *bul sb.m./f.: ON bolr, bulr
trunk, MLG bole plank, MHG bole id.
Related to *blj(n). T-F 266 (to
Slav *blvan idol); V ANEW 49 (to
*bhel- to swell).
*buljn sb.f.: ON bylgja billow, MLG
bulge rising wave, MHG bulge storm
wave. Derived from *belanan. TF 268; P I 126; V ANEW
67; K-S 144.
*buljanan wk.vb.: ON bylja to roar, OE
bylan to oend, to anger, MDu bullen
to race, to rage, MHG bllen to bark.
Connected with *bellanan I. H AEEW 40; P I 123; V
ANEW 67.
*bulln sb.m.: ON bolli bowl, OE bolla
round vessel, cup, pot, OFris strot-bolla
larynx, OS bollo cup, OHG bolla bud,
round pod, globular vessel (fem.).
Related to *bl( j)n. T-F 267 (to
Lat follis purse, bag); H
AEEW 30; M Gm. 194; P
I 121 (to IE *bhel- to swell, to blow);
V ANEW 49; O 111.
*bulljanan wk.vb.: Icel-Norw bulla to
babble, OHG bulln to howl, to bark.
Related to *bellanan II. M Gm.
142; P I 123.
*buljanan wk.vb.: ON bola to fell trees,
OHG boln to roll. Derived from *bulaz
~ *bul. V ANEW 48.
*buln sb.m.: ON boli bull, OE bula
young bull, MDu bul, bolle bull. WGmc
words reect *bull- < *buln- extracted
from oblique cases of *buln. Perhaps
connected with Thrac blinyow wild
bull < *bhul-ento- (T Thr. II/1
5). T-F 266; D Thr. 74;
P I 121 (to IE *bhel- to swell);
G Issledov. 119; V ANEW 49;
62
bura-akan
L 5556; K-S 144.
bura-akan
ON bor-ak covering of planks, OE
bord-aca board thatch, a cover of a
house, snare. Compound of *buran and
*akan. C Nom. comp. 80 (parallel
formations).
*buran sb.n.: Goth fotu-baurd footstool,
ON bor board, plank, OE bord id.,
OFris bord id., OS bord id., OHG bort
deck. A secondary ablaut variant is
*baran > ON bar edge, brim sometimes explained from *baraz (T-F
262; Z II 166) or compared with
Lith bart board (V ANEW 26).
Together with Umbr furf-ant (they) put
upon the board and Slav *brdo reed (in
loom), mountain ridge continues IE
*bhdho- (D KZ XVI 221).
U AfslPh XV 483 (Slav *brdo
from Germanic); B AfslPh XLII
127 (against U); T-F
262263; H AEEW 30; F
159; T Holz 8687; P I 138;
V ANEW 50 (separates *buran
board from *buran edge, board of a
ship); Z I 139; O 103;
T Rem. 2631, 131, ESSJa III
164166; A Schw. 91; L
GED 121; K-S 126.
*burn sb.m.: ON bori border, OE
borda hem, trimming, OS borda id.,
OHG borto id. A morphological variant of
*buran. H AEEW 30; V
ANEW 50.
*burinaz sb.m.: ON byringr merchant ship, MLG bordinc small vehicle.
Derived from *buran (F WuS IV
111112). V ANEW 67.
*buriz sb.f.: Goth ga-baurs birth, ON
masc. burr id., OE e-byrd id., OFris berd,
berde id., OS gi-burd id. (masc.), OHG giburt id. Continues IE *bht-, cf. OIr breth,
brith id. < *bht. Further related to
*beranan. T-F 261; H
AEEW 40; F 175; P I 131;
Z II 176; V ANEW 68;
O 96; S 105; T
ESSJa III 9798; L GED 134;
B Nom. 141; KS 304.
63
burz
*burjanan wk.vb.: ON byra to embroider, OE byrdan id., OS burdian
id. Derived from *buran. H
AEEW 40; V ANEW 67.
*burnan ~ *burjanan wk.vb.: ON
borga to bail, to pay, OE borian to borrow, OFris borgia id., MLG borgen id.,
OHG borgn id., ir-borgn to promise.
Derived from *beranan. T-F
265; H AEEW 31; V
ANEW 50; O 108; K-S
126.
*burjan sb.n.: ON byrgi enclosure,
fence, OE eor-byr earth mound
(fem.). Derived from *burz. H AEEW 41; V ANEW 68.
*burjanan I wk.vb.: ON byrgja to close,
to shut, OE byran to bury. Cf. also
OHG borgn id. Derived from *beranan.
H AEEW 41; V ANEW 68;
S 107.
*burjanan II wk.vb.: ON -byrgja to
answer for, to take care of , OE on-byran
to vouch for, MLG brgen id., OHG
unter-burgen to fake. Related to *burnan
~ *burjanan. H AEEW 41;
V ANEW 68.
*burz sb.f.: Goth baurgs castle, citadel,
city, ON borg hillock, wall, castle, city (istem), OE bur fortied place, castle,
city, OFris burch, burich id., OS burg id.
(also an i-stem), OHG burg id. (also an
i-stem). Corresponds to Av b6r6z- high,
Arm barjr id. < *bhhu-, OIr br hill.
Other parallels see s.v. *beranan. B
MSL VII 135136 (to Gk prgow tower,
fortication, castle); M ZDADL XLI
113, WuS XII 353 (partly from Lat burgus
castle, fort, fortress < Gk prgow);
Z Gutt. 204; J KZ XLVIII
139140 (to Gk frkow: texow, Hes.);
K Glotta XXII 100102 (from
the same North Balkan source as Gk
prgow); G ZDADL LXXII
173175; B 949950; TF 265; H AEEW 38; F
8586; P Gliederung 173; P I
140141; V ANEW 50 (to Gk
frssv to fence in, to fortify, frkow
burz
wall); Z II 206; O 108;
M IF LXXXI 204220; L
GED 6465 (inuenced by Lat burgus);
B Nom. 195196; G Wurzelnomina 91116; KS 145146.
*buriln sb.m.: ON byrli cup-bearer, OE
byrele id. Derived from *burilaz, see *berilaz. H AEEW 41; V
ANEW 68.
*buriz I sb.m.: Goth baur he who is born,
genhtw, ON burr son, OE byre id.
Derived from *beranan. T-F 261;
H AEEW 40; F 8485;
V ANEW 65; P I 131; S 105; L GED 64; B Nom. 132.
*buriz II sb.m.: ON byrr fair wind, OE
byre event, opportunity, WFris bur
wind, MLG bore-ls without fair wind.
Related to Slav *bura storm (U PBB XXX 278; L IF XXXII
158159). T-F 261; H AEEW 40; P I 131; V
ANEW 68; T ESSJa III 9798.
*burjanan ~ *burjjanan wk.vb.: ON
byrja to begin, OE brian to happen,
OFris bera id., OS gi-burian to take care
of, to bet, OHG purren to happen, to
be due. Derived from *buriz II. TF 261; H AEEW 41; T
Holz 88; P I 131 (to *beranan);
V ANEW 68; K-S 304.
*burjaz adj.: Goth adv. ga-baurjaba gladly,
with pleasure, OE am-byr favourable.
Related to *buriz II. F 175; H AEEW 3, 5; M KZ CIV
240250, CV 135; B ESts
LXIV 97101 (reconstructs *buruz from
*beranan); H 144.
*burjanan wk.vb.: ON bora to bore,
OE brian id., OS born id., OHG born
id. Related to *barjanan. T-F
261; E KZ LII 124 (to Latv brze
furrow in the eld of corn); H
AEEW 31; P I 135; V ANEW
4950; O 108; K-S
124.
64
bkaz
*burn sb.f.: ON bora bore-hole, late
OHG bora auger. Related to *burjanan.
O 108.
*burstiz sb.f.: ON burst bristle, OE byrst
id. (neut.), OS bursta id. (-stem), OHG
burst id. (neut.), bursta id. (-stem). Identical with Skt bh- sharp point. Cf. also
Slav *br kind of plant, Heracleum
(P BB XXI 211). T-F 266;
H AEEW 41; P I 109;
V ANEW 65; Z II 195;
O 119; T ESSJa III
131132; K-S 127.
*burn sb.f.: Goth baurei burden, load,
OFris berde id., OHG burd id. Based on
*bhti- attested in Skt bht- load, burden,
cf. also bhty care, food. For further
connections see *beranan. T-F
261; F 86; P I 131; V
ANEW 6768; Z II 220; O
127; L GED 65; K-S
145.
*buskaz sb.m.: Norw busk bush, ME
busch, busche id., MLG busch id., OHG
busc id. Derived from *bw(w)anan.
T-F 276277; V ANEW 66
(from late Lat boscus a forest where wood
gathering is permitted); K-S
147 (to *bruskaz).
*buttaz ~ *btaz sb.m.: ON btr log,
LG adj. butt blunt, plump, MHG butze
cut out piece. Probably related to *bautanan. T-F 274; V ANEW 66.
*bulan sb.n.: ON bl farm, abode, OE
bold building, dwelling, house, OFris
bodel movable property, OS bodal land
property. Derived from *bw(w)anan.
Structurally similar to Lith bkl residence, camp < *bh-tlo-. T-F
272273; H AEEW 30; F 68; V ANEW 48; O 124;
S 126; K-S 143 (ON
to MLG boule sleeping place, MHG buole
id. < *bln further compared with Lith
gulis resting-place).
*bkaz sb.m.: ON bkr trunk, body, OE
bc belly, stomach, OFris bk trunk,
body, MLG bk id., OHG bh sto-
bkaz
mach, womb. A descriptive formation.
O BB XXIX 255 (to OE bc bottle, jug); T-F 273 (to *beuanan);
H AWN 29 (to Latv baugas
intestines); V ANEW 64 (same as
T-F); P I 100; Z I
130; O 123, 125; K-S 85.
*blj(n) sb.f.: ON bla blister, OE bl
(masc.), ble bile, blotch, sore, OFris bl,
ble id., OS bla id., OHG bulla blister,
pimple, swelling. Cf. Skt buli- buttocks,
vulva, buri- vulva (reecting unaspirated
*b), Lith buls id. O Suppl. 6667
(to IE *bheu- to grow); Z Gutt. 72;
P Beitrge 30; T-F 274276;
H AEEW 39; F 511; M II 439440; P I 98102;
V ANEW 48; F 6364;
O 104; L GED 371; KS 105, 143.
*bran sb.n.: ON br chamber, pantry,
OE br cottage, dwelling, room, OS br
dwelling, room (masc.), OHG br
house (masc.). Close to Messap brion:
okhma, Hes. (K IF XLVII 326,
Spr. Vorz. 104). Further to *bw(w)anan.
T-F 273; H AEEW 38;
P Gliederung 129; P I 146,
149; V ANEW 65; Z II 167;
O 111; S 126; L
GED 64; B Nom. 75; KS 86.
*bsniz sb.f.: Goth ana-busns command,
commandment, ON bsn wonder, OE
bsen example, pattern, OS am-bsan
order. Derivative in *-sni- based on
*beuanan. B Grundri I 705
(compensatory length in *-- < *-us-);
65
bwn
T-F 275; H AEEW 41;
F 4142; V ANEW 68; S
109; L GED 31; B
Nom. 148.
*bsjanan str.vb.: Norw bsa to dart, to
make a dash, EFris bsen to be turbulent, to storm, MDu bsen to tipple.
Related to Slav *bystr quick. TF 276; V ANEW 68; T
ESSJa III 153154.
*b ~ *bn sb.f.: ON b abode,
booth, MLG bde hut (*--), MHG buode
id. (--). Derived from *bw(w)anan.
Structurally close to OIr both hut <
*bhut, Lith btas house, OPrus buttan
id., Slav *byto stay, possessions. TF 272; T BSW 4042;
F 68; V ANEW 63; T ESSJa III 155; L GED 64;
K-S 142.
*bwa-lanan sb.n.: ON b-land homeland, OS b-land cultivated land. Compound of *bwan and *lanan. C
Nom. comp. 83 (parallel formations).
*bwan sb.n.: ON b house, estate, OE
b dwelling, OS b id. Derived from
*bw(w)anan. T-F 272; H AEEW 38; P I 149; V
ANEW 63, 67; S 125; L
GED 64.
*bwiz sb.m.: ON br town, village,
farm. Identical with Lith b~vis residence. Further derived from *bw(w)anan. T-F 272; C
SGGJa I 73; F 68.
*bwn sb.m.: ON bi dweller, OHG
erd-bwo inhabitant of the earth. Derived
from *bw(w)anan. V ANEW 63.
*abanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-daban to hap-
aiaz
24; L GED 87; B
Nom. 52; H 145; KS 819.
*aiaz II adj.: ON deigr soft, MLG dch
pasty, MHG teic soft. Derived from
*anan. K NB I 5859; TF 206; V ANEW 75; S
151; M Festschr. Schrder 94, KZ CV
96; H 145; K-S
819820.
*aijn sb.f.: ON deigja dairy-maid, OE
de female baker . Derived from *anan or directly from *aiaz I. Formally
close to Slav *da kneading trough, vessel < *doih. S PBB L 16; H AEEW 69; V ANEW 75;
O 242; S 151; T
ESSJa V 2324; B Nom.
180181.
*aili sb.f.: ON deild deal, share, OHG
teilida division. Derived from *ailjanan.
T-F 198; V ANEW 75.
*ailiz sb.m.: Goth fem. dails part, portion, share, late ON deill deal, share,
OE dl part, OFris dl id., OS dl id.,
OHG teil id. Identical with Slav *dl
part, division. Further related to *di-:
*d- to divide with an irregular development of the anlaut. B apud S KZ I 478 (to Skt dti to burst);
W MLN XXI 39 (to Gk dleomai to
hurt, to damage); P KZ XXXIX
372 (from Slav *dl portion); TF 198; H AEEW 69; F
114; P I 176, 195; C
SGGJa I 84; Z II 185; O
247; M Jazyk 1718 (follows
P); T ESSJa V 910;
L GED 87; K-S 820;
B OFED s.v.
*ailjanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-dailjan to
divide, to allot, ON deila to divide, to
deal, OE dlan to divide, to separate,
OFris dla id., OS dlian id., OHG teilen
id. Derived from *ailiz. Structurally
close to Lith dailti to divide, Slav *dliti
id. B RFV LXX 103; B
I 195; T-F 198; H
AEEW 69; F 114; P I 176;
67
ammaz
F 80; V ANEW 75; M Slav.-germ. 112 (Gmc < Slav); B IEL 156; T ESSJa IV
233234; L GED 87.
*ail(n) sb.f.: ON deila disagreement,
contest, MHG teile division. Related to
*ailiz. V ANEW 75.
*ajjanan wk.vb.: Goth daddjan to suckle,
OSw dggia id. Structurally identical with
Skt dhyati to suck, to drink, Osset djn
to suck, Slav *doj, *dojiti to suckle, to
milk. Further related to *janan, *janan. T-F 205; F 112113;
M II 93; P I 241242;
V ANEW 76; L Verschrfung
10.4; T ESSJa V 5354; L GED 85.
*alaz ~ *alan sb.m./n.: Goth dal(s)
ravine, pit, valley, ON dalr dale, OE
dl dale, den, gulf , OFris del valley, OS
dal id., OHG tal. Identical with W dol
valley, Slav *dol id. (H ANF
VII 171; M Etudes 242243). Cf.
probably Gk ylow round building with a
conical roof . S KZ I 478;
S WuS VI 40; L RC XLII 86;
T-F 204; H AEEW 69;
F 114115; H KZ LXXI 103;
P I 245; V ANEW 72; F I
677; Z II 186; O 242;
T ESSJa V 6465; B Nom. 54; K-S 813.
*aljanan wk.vb.: Norw dial. dalga to
strike, LG dalgen id. Related to *ulan.
T-F 210; P I 247.
*aljan ~ *alj sb.n./f.: Goth ib-dalja
declivity, slope (masc. or neut.), OE ofdle downward slope, dell deep hollow,
valley, OFris dele id. MLG delle id., late
MHG telle id. Derived from *alaz ~
*alan. T-F 204; H
AEEW 71; F 114, 287; O 253;
L GED 202; K-S 169.
*ammaz ~ *amman sb.m./n.: ON
dammr dam, OFris damm, domm id.,
MLG dam id., MHG tam, tamm id.
Continues *dh6-mno, based on *dh-men-,
cf. Skt dhman- statute, law (G Got. 66). S ZDADL
ammaz
XLII 66 (to IE *dheb- thick); T-F
201202 (same as G);
W IF XXIV 3132 (from *ambna-, to
Gk yptv to bury, Arm damban grave);
W MP XVIII 84 (from *dh6m-o-, cf.
Gk yamw thick); G Labyrinth 30
(pre-IE term); W-P I 850
(follow S); P I 238; V
ANEW 7273; O 242; L
GED 111; K-S 161 (back formation from *ammjanan).
*ammjanan wk.vb.: Goth faur-dammjan
to dam up, to hinder, OE for-demman to
dam up, OFris damma to fence in,
MHG ver-temmen to fence in. Derived
from *ammaz ~ *amman. T-F
201; H AEEW 71; F 146;
V ANEW 75; O 242; L
GED 111; K-S 161.
*ampaz sb.m.: MLG damp steam,
OHG dampf id. Based on str. vb.
*empanan > MHG dimpfen to steam, to
smoke which can be related to Lith
dumpi, dmpti to blow. P I
247248 (to Skt dhmati to blow, MIr
dem black, dark); O 243.
*aniz sb.m.: Goth prop. Danus, ON pl.
Danir Dane, OE pl. Dene id., OHG pl.
Teni id. Of uncertain origin. Z Festschr. Kock 404408; L NB
106110 (to *entanan); H
AEEW 71; V ANEW 73.
*anwjanan wk.vb.: ON dengja to
hammer, OE dencan to knock, to
ding, MHG tengen to strike. Causative of
*enwanan. Identical with Slav *diti to
rush, cf. further Lith dangnti to move, to
resettle. T-F 200; V ANEW
75; T ESSJa V 100; KS 170.
*ani-mark sb.f.: ON Dan-mrk Denmark, OE Dena-mearc id., OHG Denemarca id. Compound of *aniz and
*mark. V ANEW 73.
*ank sb.f.: ON dkk pit, pool. Could be
formally identical with Latv danga vault,
angle, Slav *dga arc but the latter seem
to reect *-gh-. T-F 200; V
ANEW 93; T ESSJa V 9899.
68
arsa
*ankwaz ~ *denkwaz adj.: ON dkkr
dark, OFris diunk id. Identical with
Hitt dankui- black, dark (K
KZ LXXVII 62). T-F 201;
S PBB XLV 457; K
NB II 429431; P I 247248 (to
MIr dem black); V ANEW 92; H 146, 152, KZ XCIX 297;
K-S 199.
*annn sb.f.: OS danna pine, OHG
tanna r wood. If related to Gk ymnow
thicket (F I 464), *amnn should be
reconstructed. T-F 200 (to Skt
neut. dhanva- bow); F I 652.
*apraz adj.: ON dapr sad, downcast,
MLG dapper heavy, OHG tapfar id.
Compared with Toch A tpr, B tapre
high (W BB XXX 216: also to
Slav *dobr good, *debel strong, thick).
W MLN XXI 227 (to Skt dabhr- little, small); T-F 200; K NB
II 257; P I 239; C
SGGJa I 111; V ANEW 73; O
244; T ESSJa V 4546;
H 146147; K-S
815; A TB 280 (compares Toch with
*eupaz); B IFTJa 246 (same as
A).
*ar(r)aaz sb.m.: Burg *dards spear,
ON darrar dart, OE daro id., OHG tart
id. Derived from *arran. H
AEEW 70; V ANEW 74; O 244;
K 709.
*arran sb.n.: ON darr dart. Borrowed
from Iran *dru-: Av duru- trunk,
wooden weapon. M Gm. 199;
V ANEW 74 (to Skt dhr edge,
blade).
*arsa str.vb.: Goth ga-dars to venture, to
dare, OE dear to dare, OFris dr id.,
OS dar, darr id., OHG -tar id. Related to
Skt dh- bold, courageous, Av daribold, strong, Gk yrasw bold, rash,
yarsv to be courageous, Lith drAss
brave and probably Slav *drz daring, audacious (with unexplained *-z-).
B 699; T-F 203;
M IF V 333; F 177178; H AEEW 80; M II
arsa
112113;
101102;
S
228229;
P I 259; F
F I 654655; O 244;
147; T ESSJa V
L GED 135.
*asn ~ *asaz sb.m.: ON dasi lazy
fellow, MDu daes fool. Related to Lat
friae, OLat fsiae days of rest, holidays,
fstus of the holidays, festive, solemn,
Umbr fesnaf-e in fanum < *dhs-.
W-H I 481, 489; P I
259; V ANEW 74 (to MLG dasen to
mock).
*aubaz adj.: Goth daufs dull, numb,
deaf, pepvrvmnow, ON daufr deaf , OE
def id., OFris df id., MLG df id., OHG
toub id. Probably related to Gk tuflw
blind, tfow smoke, conceit (P
UU 1891 55). On the other hand, cf.
Slav *dub upright, straight. K
NB I 62; T-F 209210; L KZ
XL 420 (to Latv stubs stump); F
115116; H AEEW 70; W NP 88; J IEW 503506;
P I 264; V ANEW 74; F
II 949950; C 11471148;
O 246; S 155; T
ESSJa V 145; L GED 88; B Nom. 237; H 148;
K-S 817.
*aubi sb.f.: Goth daubia dullness,
numbness, stubborness, ON deyf deafness. Derived from *aubjanan I. F
115; V ANEW 76; H 148.
*aubjanan I wk.vb.: Goth ga-daubjan to
make insensitive, to be numb, to harden,
ON deyfa to make blunt, OHG gi-touben
to weaken. Derived from *aubaz.
F 115; V ANEW 76; L
GED 88; H 148.
*aubjanan II wk.vb.: ON deyfa to dive,
OE -diefan id., OS bi-dbian id. Derived
from *banan. H AEEW 73;
V ANEW 76.
*auaz adj.: Goth daus dead (-under the inuence of *auaz ~ *auuz), ON daur id., OE ded id., OFris dd
id., OS dd id., OHG tt id. Derived from
*ewanan. F 118; T-F 199;
H AEEW 70; K NB II
69
aua-banan
333334; H NTS XV 410411;
P I 260; V ANEW 74; O
246; S 148; L GED 8990;
B Nom. 251; H
149; K-S 829; B
OFED s.v.
*aujanan wk.vb.: Goth daujan to kill,
ON deya id., OS bi-ddian id., OHG
pret. gi-dtta id. Derived from *auaz.
F 118; V ANEW 76; L
GED 90; H 149.
*aua str.vb.: Goth daug to be good, to
be suitable, OE deh to be of use, to be
good, OFris dch, dech to be suitable
for, OS dg id., OHG toug id. Related to
Gk texv to produce, to make, to build,
tugxnv to meet, to attain a goal, Lith
daUg much, many, Slav *dug strength,
power, *du strong, large (W MP
XI 333). Z Gutt. 178; G Got. 5455; T-F 207; H AEEW 79; F 127128;
J KZ XXX 422 50; J IEW 508; P I 271; F 84, IF LIX 161; V ANEW 86;
F II 888; O 286; T
ESSJa V 150, 167168; S 149
151; L GED 9697; KS 818.
*auniz sb.f./m.: Goth dauns odor, smell,
ON daunn id. Related to IE *dheu- to y
about, to whirl: Skt dhnti to shake, to
agitate, Gk yv to sacrice. S KZ I 159; T-F 206207;
F 116117; M II 107108;
P 259260; V ANEW 74;
F I 698699; L GED 8889.
*aupjanan wk.vb.: Goth daupjan to immerse, to baptize, ON deypa to dip, OFris
dpa to immerse, to baptize, OS dpian
id., OHG toufen id. Derived from *eupaz. K Btrg. Gesch. XXXV 131132
(Gothic inuence on WGmc meanings);
T-F 209; F 117; V ANEW
76; L GED 89, 92; H
154; K-S 817818.
*aua-banan sb.n.: ON pl. daua-bnd
death bond, MHG tt-bant id. (hap. leg.).
Compound of *auaz ~ *auuz and
aua-banan
*banan. C Nom. comp. 83 (OHG is a
calque of Lat uincula mortis).
*aua-aaz sb.m.: ON daua-dagr
death day, OE de-d id. Compound
of *auaz ~ *auuz and *aaz. C
Nom. comp. 80 (parallel formations).
*auaz ~ *auuz sb.m.: Goth dauus
death, ON daur id., daui id. (n-stem),
OE da id., OFris dth id., OS dth id.,
OHG td id. Substantivized *auaz.
T-F 199; H AEEW 71;
F 118; P I 260; V ANEW
74; Z II 199; L GED
90; B Nom. 159; KS 826; B OFED s.v.
*awjanan str./wk.vb.: ON deyja to
die, OS dian id., OHG douwen to set,
to go down. Derived from *ewanan.
T-F 198199; J IEW
502503; P I 260261; V
ANEW 76; O 266; S 147;
K-S 826.
*awwnan wk.vb.: ON dggva to
bedew, OFris dawa to melt, MHG touwen id. Derived from *aww ~ *awwan.
T-F 204; V ANEW 9293.
*aww ~ *awwan sb.f./n.: ON dgg
dew, OE masc. dew id., OFris dw id.,
OS masc. mili-dou mildew, OHG tou
dew. Connected with Toch A twe, B
tweye dust, Lat suf- to fumigate, to
perfume, to scent < *-dhi. TF 204; H AEEW 71;
W-H II 625; P I
260261; V ANEW 92; Z II
173; O 263; L GED 89;
K-S 817; B OFED s.v.
*elaz ~ *el sb.m./f.: Sw dial. del
teat, OE delu id., OHG tila. Identical
with Alb djal boy, youth, cf. also Latv
d=ls son, Lat flius id. with a long vowel.
Derivative of IE *dhi- to suck, see
*ajjanan. T-F 205; H
AEEW 71; W-H I 496497;
P I 242; D VSJa 25 (pretonic
shortening of * in Gmc); L GED
85; S LL 352 (follows D);
O AED 67.
*elbanan str.vb.: OE delfan to dig,
70
enraz
OFris delva id., OS bi-delban id., OHG bitelpan id. Related to Slav *dlbti to gouge,
to thump, rare *delbti id. T-F
204; H AEEW 71; P I
246; C SGGJa I 82; O
254; S LS 17; S 153; T ESSJa IV 205, V 206.
*elbaz ~ *elban sb.m./n.: ON steindelfr wagtail, Motacilla, MLG delf ditch.
Derived from *elbanan. Cf. a structurally
close Slav *dlb chisel, pit. V
ANEW 75; T ESSJa V 206
207.
*eljaz sb.m.: Swed dill dill, OE dile id.,
OS dilli id., OHG tilli id. Related to OIr
deil rod < *dheli-. T-F 203;
T Holz 56; K-S 181 (to
OHG toldo foliage).
*emmaz adj.: ON dimmr dark, dim, OE
dim id., OFris comp. dimme id. Related to
OIr dem black, dark. T-F 201;
H AEEW 73; S
PBB XLV 454455; K NB II
220221; P I 247248; V
ANEW 77; O 268; H
151152.
*emmjanan wk.vb.: ON dimma to
become dim, OE part. -dimmad to dim,
to darken, to obscure. Derived from
*emmaz. V ANEW 77; H 151.
*enwanan str.vb.: OSwed diunga to
knock, to rap, ME dinen, denen to beat.
See *anwjanan. T-F 200; V
ANEW 75; T ESSJa V 100;
K-S 170.
*enraz sb.m.: OHG tenar at hand,
palm. Related to Hitt dannar-ear
armpit, Gk ynar palm, footsole.
Thematization of the original *dhen
(L Wortschatz 68). No connection with
WGmc *enjan > OE denn den, MLG
fem. denne low ground, OHG tenni
threshing-oor (despite K-S
821) which is to be compared with Skt
dhnu- dry land, dhnu- sandbank,
shore. W MLN XXI 4142 (*enjan
to Skt pl. dhn grain); T-F 199;
H AEEW 72; P I
enraz
249; F I 661662; O 255256;
B Nom. 74; L Wortschatz
6770; K-S 821.
*entanan str.vb.: ON detta to fall, to
drop. Related to Alb gdhend to plane <
PAlb *ka-denta ( J Studien 2122).
F I 463 (to Lat de-fend to fend, to
repel, to avert); T-F 199200;
J IEW 512514; P I
250; V ANEW 76; S 154;
B Nom. 131; O AED
112.
*erbanan str.vb.: OE deorfan to labor,
OFris far-derva id., MLG vor-derven to step
down, MHG ver-derben to die, to pass
away. Related to Lith drbu, drbti to
work, drbas work. T-F 567;
H AEEW 72; P I 257;
C SGGJa I 71; V ANEW
7778; F 82; S 154155.
*erbaz adj.: ON djarfr bold, daring, OE
deorf valiant, OFris derve daring, audacious, OS derbi hostile, evil. Derived
from *erbanan. T Festschr. Unger
176179 (to Gk trfv to feed); TF 202; H AEEW 70;
K NB I 32; W-P I 863
(to Lith drbas work); P I
257258; V ANEW 7778; S
154; H 152153.
*derkaz adj.: OE deorc dark, obscure.
Identical with OIr derg red < *dhergoand further connected with Lith drgiu,
drgti to become dirty. Cf. also Toch
A trkr, B tarkr cloud < *dhg-ru-.
Z Gutt. 160; P BB XIX
299300 (to Lat furuus ark, dusky,
gloomy < *dhorg o-); R KZ XLVI
323 (same as P); T-F 202;
S PBB XLV 457458; H AEEW 72; P I 251252;
F 103; H 153; A
TB 21.
*deupa-lkaz adj.: ON djp-ligr deep,
OE dep-lc id. Derived from *deupaz.
H 154.
*eupaz adj.: Goth diups deep, ON djpr
id., OE dep id., OFris comp. dipe id.,
OS diop id., OHG tiof, tiu id. Related to
71
euzan
OIr domain id., Lith dubs id., Latv dubs
id. Z Gutt. 37; T-F 209;
F 121; H AEEW 72;
K NB I 29; P I 267;
F 108109; V ANEW 78;
O 250; L GED 92; B Nom. 240; H 153
154; K-S 824; A TB 280
(to Toch A tpr, B tapre high).
*eupi sb.f.: Goth diupia depth, ON
dpt id., ME depthe id., OLG diopitha id.,
MLG dpede id., MHG tfede id. Derived
from *eupaz. Identical with Alb det sea
< PAlb *deubeta ( J Studien 1415).
T-F 209; F 121; V ANEW
90; O 258; B Nom.
117; H 154; O AED
6162.
*eupn sb.f.: Goth diupei depth, OS diupi
id., OHG tiuf id. Derived from *eupaz.
T-F 209; F 121; O 258;
L GED 92; H 153.
*eurja-lkaz adj.: ON dr-ligr glorious,
OS diur-lk valuable, excellent, OHG
tiur-lh id. Derived from *eurjaz. H 154.
*euri sb.f.: ON dr glory, fame, OS
diuritha id., OHG tiurida id. Derived from
*eurjaz. T-F 199; V ANEW
90; O 247; H 154.
*eurjaz adj.: ON drr dear, precious,
OE dere dear, expensive, OFris diure id.,
OS diuri valuable, expensive, OHG tiuri
id. Related to Skt adv. dhur violently,
Gk -y-rv to play. T-F 199;
H AEEW 73; K 129, 727;
K NB II 384385; P I
266267; V ANEW 91 (to *dheu- to
weave); O 247; H 154
155 (to Slav *dur stupidity, madness);
K-S 822823 (from *dheg hro- to *dheg h- to burn).
*euzan sb.n.: Goth dius beast, animal,
ON dr id., OE der id., OFris dir
id., OS meri-dior sea animal, OHG tior
animal. Continues IE *dheuso- closely
related to *dhouso- > Alb dash ram, Lith
pl. daUsos paradise, Slav *dux breath,
spirit (B KZ II 190191; S
euzan
Mmoire 81). P UU 1891 8183;
G Got. 58 (to Gk yv to run);
T-F 217; W AJPhil XLI 345
346 (to Gk yv to rage); F 121122;
H AEEW 72; P I
244245; C SGGJa I 83;
F 115; V ANEW 90; Z I 139; O 250; T
ESSJa V 153154; L GED 9293;
B Nom. 96; H
155156; K-S 825; O
AED 57.
*ewanan str.vb.: Goth diwan to die.
Connected with Av 1 dual. pres. med.
dvaid to press, Phryg daw: [. . .] p
Frugn lkow, Hes., Slav *daviti to press,
to squeeze. G Got. 58 (to
Gk yv to run); T-F 198199;
F 122; L Arm. St. 4041 (to Arm
di corpse); W MLN XXI 226227
(to Lat fatig to grow weary); P
I 235; S 147149; L Verschrfung 16.5; L GED 3, 93.
*iz sb.f.: Goth ga-des act, deed, ON
d id., OE dd id., OFris dde id., OS dd
id., OHG tt id. Formally identical with
Av ni-diti- laying down, Lith dtis load
derived from IE *dh- to put, to set, see
*nan. B 1082; TF 198; H AEEW 68; F
178; T Lehm 104109; P I
237; F 9192; V ANEW 71;
Z I 150; O 250; S
157; L GED 136; B
Nom. 146; K-S 816; B
OFED s.v.
*xn sb.f.: OHG tha jackdaw.
Probably telated to OPrus doacke starling
< *dk- (P BVS VI 113). N Thesaurus 31; T PJa I 354;
K-S 187.
*janan wk.vb.: OHG ten to suckle.
Related to Skt dhyati to suck, to drink,
Gk aor. ysato id., Arm diem id., OIr
dnim id., Latv dju id., Slav *dojiti to
milk. Cf. zero grade in OSw da to
suckle, MLG ten id. See *ajjanan.
T-F 205; M II 93;
P I 241242; F I 673674;
72
s
L NTS XXII 7273; L
GED 85.
*iraz adj.: ON digr stout, big, OFris
adv. diger careful, MDu deger complete,
MHG adv. tiger, tigere complete, total.
Derived from *anan. K NB II
254; T-F 205; F 119; V
W I 533 (to Toch A tsik
hardly, strongly); P I 244245;
V ANEW 76; S 151; L
GED 90 (on Goth digrei abundance);
H 156157.
*anan str.vb.: Goth irreg. d(e)igan to
knead, Norw digen to milk. Related to
Toch A tsek-, B tsaik- to shape, to form,
Skt degdhi to smear, to anoint, Av caus.
dazayeiti to wall about, Gk yiggnv to
touch, to take hold of , Lat ng to form,
Lith deti to skin, to ay. B 673674; T-F 205206;
H AEEW 6970; WH I 501502; F 118119;
J IEW 501502; M
II 62; P I 244245; F 98;
V ANEW 76; F I 674675;
O 242; S 151152; L
GED 90; B IFTJa 263.
*kn ~ *kaz sb.m.: ON dki ditch,
dike, OE dc id. (fem.), OFris dk id., OS
dk id., OHG th id. Of unknown origin.
F KZ XXII 103104 (to Lat fg to
x, to fasten, to thrust in, to attach, Lith
dgti to grow, to crop); T-F 205
(follow F); H AEEW 72;
P I 244; V ANEW 76;
Z II 182; O 278; L
GED 90; K-S 167.
*janan wk.vb.: OSwed da to suck,
MHG den to suck, to suckle. Related to
*janan. T-F 205; P I
241242; F I 673674.
*s sb.f.: ON ds goddess, sister.
Unclear prexal formations in WGmc:
OE ides woman, OS idis woman, wife,
OHG itis woman. Unclear. Related to
*ajjanan? Or to Arm pl. di-k' gods if
the latter is to be separated from Gk
yew god? T-F 206; F I
662663.
biz
*biz adj.: Goth ga-dofs appropriate,
suitable, OE e-dfe becoming, t,
proper. Derived from *abanan. TF 200; F 179; S 146.
*az sb.n.: Goth dur-dogs four days
long, ON dgr day or night. Derived
from *aaz. T-F 199; S
Kl. Schr. 844845; H AEEW
74; F 149; P I 7, 241242;
V ANEW 92; L GED 86.
*lj sb.f.: ON dl little dale, LG dle
hole, OHG tuola hole, pit (- and nstem). Related to *alaz ~ *alan.
T-F 204; V ANEW 92;
L GED 87.
*ma-xsan sb.n.: ON dm-hs courthouse, OE dm-hs id. Compound of
*maz and *xsan. C Nom. comp. 80
(parallel formations).
*ma-stlaz sb.m.: ON dm-stll judgment seat, OHG tuom-stuol tribunal.
Compound of *maz and *stlaz. C
Nom. comp. 85 (parallel formations).
*maz sb.m.: Goth doms discernment,
distinction, ON dmr court of judgment,
judgment, OE dm judgment, ruling,
OFris dm id., OS dm id., OHG tuom id.
(also neut.). Close to Gk yvmw heap,
Phryg duma, dumos religious assembly,
further derived from *dh- to put, to set.
See *nan. T-F 198; H AEEW 74; F 122123; P
I 238; D VSJa 27; F 92 (Lith
domE attention is secondarily derived
from domtis to watch); F I 700;
V ANEW 79; Z II 167;
O 24; S 158; L GED
93; B Nom. 72; O Phrygian 425.
*mjanan wk.vb.: Goth domjan to deem,
to judge, ON dma to judge, to talk,
OE dman to think, to judge, OFris dma
id., OS -dmian to judge, OHG tuomen
id. Derived from *maz. T-F
198; H AEEW 74; F 122;
V ANEW 92; O 250; L
GED 93.
*nan str.vb.: OE dn to do, to make,
OFris dwa id., OS dan id., OHG tuon id.
73
raan
Related to IE *dh- to put: Hitt dito put, Toch AB t- id., Skt ddhti id.,
Av dadaiti to bring, Gk tyhmi to put,
Lat faci to do, to make, Lith dti to
put, Slav *dti to put. B
678; T-F 197198; H
AEEW 75; W-H I 440442;
M II 1415; P I
235239; F 9192; F II
897898; O 279280; S
157160; K-S 841; B
IFTJa 245.
*wjanan wk.vb.: Goth part. af-dauis
troubled, annoyed. Similar to Slav
*daviti to strangle, to press, to squeeze.
Cf. also ON d catalepsy < *awan
close to Phryg dow: . . . p Frugn
lkow (Hes.). Causative of *ewanan.
K Einleitung 211; W MLN
XXI 226227 (to ON dasask to become
weary); F BB XXIX 236; T-F
198; F 4; D Thr. 117;
P I 235; F 100 (Lith dvyti
to torment < Slav); V ANEW 71;
S LS 18; T ESSJa IV 198
199; L GED 3; O Phrygian
422.
*raban sb.n.: ON draf dra, husks, ME
masc. draf yeast, MLG draf dra, husks,
dregs, OHG pl. trebir husks. See
*rb( j)az. Further to be compared with
OIr drab dregs, yeast, Slav *drob bit,
intestine (F 102103). TF 202203; F 126127, 179;
P I 204, 252; V ANEW 7980
(to Gk trfv to fatten, to nourish);
C 1135 (follows V);
O 287; T ESSJa V 119
120; L GED 96, 136; KS 834.
*rabln sb.m.: ON drai curdled milk.
Cf. also neut. dra tattle < *rablan.
Structurally close to Gk trofalw fresh
cheese, sour milk, further to Gk trfv
to feed (P SVSL I 125). V
ANEW 80; F II 925927.
*raan sb.n.: ON drag rim, lining, OE
e-dr dragging, band, multitude, MLG
ge-drach yield. Derived from *raanan.
raan
H AEEW 75; V ANEW 80.
74
rauaz
draught, pulling, MLG dracht id.
Structurally close to Lat part. tractus, of
trah to drag. Further related to *raanan. T-F 211; W-H
II 698699; V ANEW 81; KS 830.
*raibjanan wk.vb.: Goth draibjan to
drive, to propel, ON dreifa to scatter, to
disperse, OE drfan to drive, MHG
durch-treiben id. Derived from *rbanan.
H AEEW 75; F 123; V
ANEW 82; S 163.
*ramban sb.n.: ON dramb roll of fat on
the neck. Close to Gk yrmbow coagulated mass. P I 257258; F
I 685686 (further to trfv to thicken,
to curdle); C 442; L
GED 96.
*ranaz sb.m.: ON drangr lonely upstanding rock. Identical with Alb drang
barge-pole, punting-pole; young creature, cub, Lith dragas thick pole, drnga
perch, pole, Slav *drg club, stick
(Z Gutt. 177). J KZ
XXXVI 374; T-F 211; T BSW 59; S LS 19; P I
254; F 101; V ANEW 81;
Mann Language XXVI 386; T
ESSJa V 129130; O ZfBalk XXIII/1
73, AED 72.
*rankan sb.n.: Goth dragk drink, potion,
OHG tranc id. (masc., neut.). Derived
from *renkanan. F 123; O 289;
S 165; B Nom. 53;
K-S 832.
*rankjanan wk.vb.: Goth dragkjan to
make drink, ON drekkja to drown, to
swamp, OE drencan to give to drink,
OFris drentza id., OS or-drenkian id.,
MHG trenken id. Causative of *renkanan.
T-F
211212;
H
AEEW 76; F 123; V ANEW 82;
O 289; S 165; KS 832.
*rauaz sb.m.: ON draugr ghost, spectre
(unless = draugr dry log), OS gi-drg
mirage, OHG gi-trog deception (neut.).
Identical with Av draoga- lie, deceit. See
*reuanan. B 768; T-
rauaz
F 213; P I 276; V ANEW
81; L GED 95; C ANF CII
112 (on ON draugr companion).
*raumaz sb.m.: ON draumr dream, OE
drem joy, pleasure, OFris drm dream,
OS drm id., OHG troum id. Derived from
*reusanan to fall, semantically similar to
the development of IE *sep- to sleep
based on *sep- to fall, presumably, with
an intermediate stage to become weak, to
drowse (cf. E drowse also connected with
*reusanan). Note that *raumaz is formally
close to Gk yrama, yrasma debris,
wound based on yrav to break < IE
*dhreus-. S GRM XVI 164
(from *raumaz, to *drauaz); S
Kl. Schr. 862; T-F 213 (separate
OS and OE); H AEEW 76;
P Gliederung 180; P I 275;
V ANEW 82; Z I 130; F
I 680681; O 289; C I
439; B Nom. 70; KS 833834.
*raumjanan wk.vb.: ON dreyma to
dream, Du dromen id., OHG troumen id.
Derived from *raumaz. V ANEW
83.
*raupjanan wk.vb.: ON dreypa to drop,
to dip, OE drepan id., MLG drpen id.,
OHG troufen id. Causative of *reupanan.
T-F 214; H AEEW 77;
V ANEW 83; S 169.
*rausjanan ~ *rauzjanan wk.vb.:
Goth ga-drausjan to cast down, to overthrow, ON dreyra to bleed, to ooze,
OHG trren to rain. Causative of *reusanan. T-F 214; F 5; V
ANEW 83; S 171; L GED
95.
*rauzaz ~ *drauzjn sb.m.: ON dreyri
gore, blood, OE drer blood, OS drr
id., OHG trr id. Derived from *reusanan. T-F 215; H
AEEW 77; V ANEW 83; O 289;
S 171; L GED 95.
*renkanan str.vb.: Goth drigkan to
drink, ON drekka id., OE drincan id.,
OFris drinka id., OS drinkan id., OHG trincan id. Of unknown origin. It is plausible
75
reuanan
that *renkanan is a back formation based
on *rankjanan, the latter originally meaning to milk and related to Slav *dr\gati
to pull. W MLN XVIII 1516 (to
*raj); Z Gutt. 161 (to Skt dhrjati
to glide, to move); T-F 211212
(to Lith nrti to dive); C Etudes 23
25 (from pre-Gmc); Z Gutt. 161 (to
Skt dhrjati to glide, to move); S
KZ XXVII 606 (to Skt adv. hap. leg.
drahyt- rmly); F 125; H
AEEW 77; K 791792; J
IEW 529530; P I 273 (to *dhreto pull); V ANEW 82; O 290;
S 165166; L GED 9495
(to Lith drgti to become damp); KS 836.
*renkn sb.f.: ON drekka drink, beverage, OE drince id. Derived from *renkanan. H AEEW 77; V
ANEW 82; S 164.
*repan sb.n.: ON drep blow, OE e-drep
stroke. Derived from *repanan. TF 212; H AEEW 77;
S 166; B Nom. 59.
*repanan str.vb.: ON drepa to strike,
OE part. drepen id., OS ofar-drepan
to outdo, to surpass, OHG trean to
strike. Related to Slav *drebiti to crush.
T-F 212; H AEEW 77;
J IEW 530; P I 272
273; V ANEW 83 (to Goth ga-draban
to chip, to hew out); S 166167;
T ESSJa V 106; B
Nom. 59, 62; K-S 834.
*reuanan str.vb.: Goth driugan to wage
war, to lead a military life, OE drean
to do, to work, to perform, to bear. Cf.
also ON drgja to commit < *reujanan.
Historically identical with WGmc *reuanan > OE be-dr seduced, OFris bidriga to seduce, OS bi-driogan id., OHG
triogan to deceive (A ASNSP
XXVII 229). Probably related to Lith
draUgas fellow traveller, OPr drktai
hard, Slav *drug friend, other, second
(L Language IX 247; S LS 1920).
K KZ I 181 (connected with *rauaz);
P Wurzelerw. 25, 60 (*reuanan to
reuanan
seduce to Lat fraus deceit, fraud); TF 213214; Z Gutt. 102, 177;
F 125126; H AEEW 77;
P Gliederung 196; J IEW
516517; P I 255; F 102;
Z I 150; O 289; B IEL 89; S 167168; T ESSJa V 131132; L
GED 95 (to IE *dher- to hold); KS 839.
*reuaz adj.: ON drjgr rich, solid, substantial, OE dro studious, earnest,
NFris driech extensive. See *dreuanan.
T-F 213214; Z Gutt. 129;
H AEEW 7677; K NB
I 40; P I 254255; V ANEW
84; H 159160.
*reupanan str.vb.: ON drjpa to drip,
OE drepan id., OFris dripa to drip, to
trickle, OS driopan id., OHG triofan to
drip. A secondary formation parallel to
*reusanan. T-F 214; H AEEW 77; J IEW 527
529; P I 274275; V ANEW
84 (to OIr drucht dew); S 169
170; K-S 836.
*reusanan str.vb.: Goth driusan to fall,
OE dresan to rush, to fall, to perish, OS
driosan to fall. Etymologically identical
with Gk yrav to break, to grind
( J KZ XXX 422), cf. also Slav
*drusati to shake, to throw up, to swing
with *-s- < *--. T-F 214215;
F 126; H AEEW 77;
W KZ LXXIII 2627 (to Gk
drsow dew); J IEW 527
529; P I 274; F I 680681;
O 289290; S 170171; T ESSJa V 133; L GED 95.
*rk sb.f.: ON drk streak. Related to
Skt dhrjati to glide, to move, to y,
dhrj- tractive force. Z Gutt. 161;
M II 115; P I 273;
V ANEW 80; D BSA 128 (with a
length of an original root noun).
*rn ~ *rnaz sb.f./m.: OE drn
drone, OS drn id. Cf. also OHG tren id.
with short vocalism. Identical with Gk
n-yrnh wild bee, yrnow dirge.
76
rtanan
T-F 211; H AEEW 76;
P I 255; D VSJa 2526 (pretonic shortening in OHG); F I 681
682; O 290; K-S 195.
*riban sb.n.: ON drif driven snow, OE
e-drf driving, movement, OHG thanatrib divorce. Derived from *rbanan.
T-F 212; H AEEW 77;
V ANEW 83; S 163; B Nom. 56.
*ribn sb.m.: ON hring-dri prince,
OHG uz-tribo exorcist. Derived from
*rbanan. S 163.
*riftiz sb.f.: ON drift, dript snow-drift,
ME drift current, ow, OFris ur-drift
driving out, MLG drift id., OHG anatrift inuence. Derived from *rbanan.
V ANEW 83; S 163; L
GED 94; K-S 836.
*rbanan str.vb.: Goth dreiban to drive,
ON drfa id., OE drfan id., OFris drva id.,
OS drban id., OHG trban id. Related to
Lith drimb, drbti to fall down in akes,
cf. ON drfr snr snow drifts ~ Lith
snigas driMba the snow is falling thickly
(G Got. 5960). M
IF XVIII 235236 (follows G); P Beitrge 75, 309; U PBB XXVII 117118; T-F
212; F 124125; H AEEW
77; J IEW 526527; P
I 274; F 104; V ANEW 83;
O 290291; S 162163;
L GED 94; L IF CIII
224 (to *rbjanan); K-S 834.
*rfn sb.f.: ON drfa fall of snow, sleet,
MLG drve gutter, MHG trbe diarrhea.
Cf. also OE drif fever. Derived from
*rbanan. H AEEW 77.
*rtanan str.vb.: ON drta cacare, ME
driten id., OFris part. be-drt id., MDu
drten id., OHG gloss drizo megio. Similar to but phonetically not agreeing with
Lith trediu, tresti to have diarrhea <
*treidh-. T-F 212; H
AEEW 78; J IEW 518519;
P I 256; F 1122; V
ANEW 84; O 271; S LS 20 (to
Slav *dristati cacare); S 164165.
rb( j)az
*rb( j)az adj.: OE drf dray, draggy,
dirty, OS drbi murky, cloudy, OHG
truobi id. Related to *raban and eventually to Gk trfv to become fat (K
742). T-F 203; F 126127;
H AEEW 78; P I 252;
F II 925927; L GED 96;
M KZ CV 121; H 160
161; K-S 839.
*rbjanan wk.vb.: Goth drobjan to stir
up, to excite, OE drfan to disturb, to
agitate, OS drbian to become sad,
OHG truoben to entangle. Derived from
*rb( j)az. Z Gutt. 31; T-F
203; H AEEW 78; F
126127; L GED 96; H 160.
*ruxtiz sb.f.: Goth drauhti-wito campaign, ON drtt people, bodyguard, OE
dryht people, multitude, army, OFris
dracht, drecht people, OS druht-folk suite,
OHG truht crowd. Derived from *reuanan. K KZ I 181; G
Got. 80; Z Gutt. 178; T-F
214; L Language IX 247; H
AEEW 79; F 124; P Gliederung
196; P I 255; C
SGGJa I 66; V ANEW 8485; Z I 150; S 167; B IEL
89, 93; L GED 94; B
Nom. 140; K-S 839.
*ruxtnaz sb.m.: ON drttinn lord, master, OE dryhten ruler, lord, prince,
OFris drohten id., OS drohtn id., OHG
truhtn id. Cf. Goth drauhtinon to campaign, to serve in the army < *ruxtnjanan. Derived from *ruxtiz. K KZ
I 181; T-F 214; H
AEEW 79; F 124; P Gliederung
196; V ANEW 85; S 167;
B IEL 89; L GED 94;
B Nom. 83.
*runjanan wk.vb.: Norw drynja to rumble, LG drnen id. Derived from *runjuz.
T-F 211; O 290 (to *rn ~
*rnaz); L GED 96.
*runjuz sb.m.: Goth drunjus sound, call,
Norw dryn id. A verbal abstract
(B Grundri II/1 224225) based
77
druzan
on an unattested verb, cf. Skt dhrati
to sound. T-F 211; F 127;
M II 115116 (onomatopoeia
in Skt); M II 115116;
P I 255256 (to Tokh A trk-, B
trek- to speak); V ANEW 8586;
L GED 96.
*runkanaz ~ *runkenaz adj.: ON
drukkinn drunken, OE druncen id., MLG
drunken id., OHG win-truncan id. Derived
from *renkanan. T-F 212; H AEEW 78; V ANEW 85;
L GED 95; K-S 839.
*runkann sb.f.: Goth drugkanei drunkenness, OHG truncan id. Derived from
*runkanaz ~ *runkenaz. F 127;
L GED 9495.
*runkanjanan wk.vb.: ON drukna to
be drowned, OE druncnian to sink, to
drown, to be drunk, OHG trunkann,
trunkann to sink, to drown. Derived
from *runkanaz ~ *runkenaz. H AEEW 78; V ANEW 85;
O 291.
*runkiz sb.m.: ON drykkr drink, beverage, OE drync id., MLG drunk id., OHG
trunc id. Derived from *renkanan. TF 212; H AEEW 79; V
ANEW 85; B Verbalabstr. 1517;
S 165; L GED 4, 95; L
Expr. 243, 255; B Nom. 53,
131.
*rupn sb.m.: ON dropi drop, OE dropa
id., ME droppe id., OS dropo id., OHG
tropfo id. Derived from *reupanan.
T-F 214; H AEEW 78;
P I 275; V ANEW 84; Z I 153; O 291; S 169;
K-S 838.
*rusjanan wk.vb.: Swed dial. drusa to
fall down hard, MLG drusen to fall with
noise. Derived from *reusanan. V
ANEW 85.
*druzan ~ *ruziz sb.n./m.: Goth drus
fall, ON drr phlegm, rheum, OE dryre
fall, decline. Derived from *reusanan
(L MASO I 109). H
AEEW 79; F 127; V ANEW 86;
S 171.
raz
*raz
78
ulaz
H IF LXXXVIII 9495; L
GED 88; K-S 826; A TB
312.
*uxtiz ~ *uxt sb.f.: Goth dauhts
feast, MHG duht doughtiness. Derived
from *aua (D VW II 616).
G DG II 208; G Got. 79;
H AnZDA XXIV 33 (to Gk
texv to make, to build); F 116;
L GED 88.
*ukkn sb.f.: ODan -dokke dock, coarse
weedy herb (in compounds), OE docce
id., OS dokka doll, OHG tocka id.
Probably connected with Latv duga slime
on the surface of water. H
AEEW 74; O 280; L Expr.
226227; K-S 187.
*ulan sb.n.: ON dolg enmity, OE dol
wound, scar, OFris dolg id., MLG dolk
id., OHG tolg id. Based on WGmc
*elanan > OFris delga to wound, MHG
telken to beat related to Gk ylgv to
enchant, to transform using a charm
(E PBB XX 60; H KZ
XLIII 231, IF XXVIII 190192). The
original meaning of *ulan must have
been mark (of blood) while the Greek
verb denoted the act of making such
a mark. For the semantic development
cf. Fr blesser to wound < WGmc
*blsjanan (OE bldsian to bless, to consecrate) based on *blan. S
MSL VIII 443 (Gk ylgv to Lith velgi
to look, to peer); T-F 210;
H AEEW 74; D DELF
93; W-P I 866 (to Lat
falx sickle, reaping-hook, scythe);
P I 247; V ANEW 7879;
Z I 139; F I 658659;
O 100; C I 427; S
153.
*ulaz sb.m.: Goth dulgs debt. Related
to OIr dliged duty, law, dligim to earn,
Slav *dlg (K KZ I 205; B I
244). G KZ I 82; L KZ XI
174 (Gmc < Slav); Z Gutt. 178;
T-F 210; F 128129; C SGGJa I 96; S Goten 54
(from Celtic); L GED 97.
uliz
*uliz sb.f.: Goth duls festival, OHG
tuld id. Derivative in *-ti- related to OE
deall proud, exulting, eminent, MHG
ge-telle beautiful, nice and further to
MIr dell-rad shine. D ZDADL
V 224225 (to ON dvala to delay);
D ZdPh I 9 (to Skt dhi- rmness, resolution); G Got. 60
(derived from *welanan); T-F 204;
S JEGP XXXII 513, 528; H AEEW 70; F 129; T
Holz 55 (follows D; P I
246; Z I 150; M II
111112 (against D); L
GED 97; K-S 198 (from
*welanan).
*umbaz adj.: Goth dumbs dumb, ON
dumbr id., OE dumb id., OFris dumb id.,
OS dumb stupid, simple, OHG tumb id.
An expressive form related to *aubaz
(H GEW 24. T Festschr.
Unger 179 (to ON dumba mist); TF 201; L KZ XL 420 (to Slav
*db oak); F 129; H
AEEW 80; K NB I 15; P I
264; V ANEW 87; O 293;
L GED 9798 (to IE *dheubhdarkened); L Expr. 101103; H 166; K-S 199.
*unaz ~ *un sb.m./f.: OE dun
dung, OFris dung id., OS dung id., OHG
tunga manuring, fertilizer. Cf. also ON
dyngja heap < *unjn. Related to Lith
dengi, degti to cover, OIr dinged to suppress. Z Gutt. 99; T-F
208; H AEEW 80; L
NB XV 97132 (to *enwanan); P I 249; F 8889; V
ANEW 90; O 294; K-S
199.
*unjn sb.f.: ON dyngja dungeon, ladys
bower, OE dynce plowed land, fallow
land. Derived from *unaz ~ *un.
H AEEW 82; V ANEW
90.
*uniz sb.m.: ON dynr din, OE dyne din,
noise. Related to Skt dhvnati to sound,
Gk ynv to rush, to dart along. TF 208; H AEEW 81; M-
79
urz
II 118; P I 277; V
ANEW 90; F I 697698; O 269.
*unjanan wk.vb.: ON dynja to gush, to
shower, OE dynian to make a noise, to
resound, OS dunian to roar, to rumble.
Connected with *uniz. T-F 208;
H AEEW 82; V ANEW 90;
O 269.
*u(n)stan ~ *u(n)staz sb.n./m.: ON
dust dust, OE dust id., OFris dst heap,
MLG dust dust, dunst smoke, haze,
OHG dunst wind, storm. Related to
Latv dvans smoke, haze. Any connection
with *uniz? T-F 216217; H AEEW 80; P I 266; V
ANEW 88; O 295.
*untiz sb.m.: ON dyttr, dyntr dint, OE
dynt stroke, blow. Derived from *entanan. H AEEW 82; V
ANEW 9091; S 154; B Nom. 131.
*uran ~ *ur sb.n./f.: Goth daur
door, gate, OE dr large door, dru
door, OFris dure id., OS dor gate, duru
door, OHG tor gate. A morphological
variant of *urz. M IF XVI 125
(on masc. *urn > Goth auga-dauro window); T-F 210; H
AEEW 75. 80; F 117118; P
I 278279; Z II 206; O
284; L GED 89; K-S
828.
*ura-stu sb.f.: ON dura-sto doorpost, OE dru-stod. Compound of *urz
and *stu. C Nom. comp. 52.
*ura-waraz sb.m.: Goth daura-wards
door-keeper, OE dru-weard id., OHG
tor-warto id. (n-stem). Compound of *urz
and *waraz. F 117; C Nom.
comp. 69 (parallel formations); L
GED 89.
*urstiz sb.f.: OE dyrst tribulation, OHG
ki-turst boldness. Derived from *arsa.
Identical with Skt dh- id. derived from
dhnti to be audacious. T-F
203; P I 259.
*urz sb.f.: ON pl. dyrr door, ODu dori
id. (i-stem), OHG turi id. (i-stem with
traces of a root stem). Related to Toch B
urz
twere id., Skt nom. pl. dvr- id., Av acc. sg.
dvar6m id., Arm pl. dur-k' id., Gk yr`
door, Alb der id., Lat foris, fors id., W
dor door, Lith drys id., Slav *dvr
id. B Grundri II/1 133; B 766; T-F 210; WH I 529530; F 117118;
M II 8384; P I
278279; F 112113; V
ANEW 91; Z II 206; F
I 695696; O 284; T
ESSJa V 171172; L GED 89;
B Nom. 197; G
Wurzelnomina 117152; K-S
841; O AED 60; A TB 323
324.
*urzuz adj.: MHG trre, drre valiant.
Derived from *arsa. Structurally identical with Skt dh- bold, courageous, Gk
yrasw brave, valiant and probably Slav
*drz-k daring (with unclear *-z-).
M II 112113; P I 259;
F I 654655; S 147; M
Festschr. Schrder 98, 109, 113, KZ CV
104; G LuE 199 (on Slav *drzk); H 167168.
*uskaz adj.: OE dox, dosc dark, swarthy.
Identical with Lat fuscus dark, blackish <
*dhusko- (Z KZ XXXVII 388). Cf.
*usnaz. T-F 216; S
PBB XLIX 428429; H
AEEW 75; W-H I 572573;
P I 270; O 295; H 168.
*usnaz adj.: OE dosen chestnut brown,
OS dosan maroon, ash-colored, OHG
tusin ash-colored. Identical with MIr
donn dark brown, MW dwnn dark red
< *dhusno- ~ *dhosno-. Cf. *uskaz. F Festschr. Liebermann 137; S
FB 6162, PBB XLIX 423427; TF 216; H AEEW 80;
P I 270271; V ANEW 87;
L KZ LXXIX 294300;
H 168169.
*ut(t)janan wk.vb.: ON dytta to meddle, OE dyttan to close, to shut up.
Derived from *uttaz. H
AEEW 82; V ANEW 91.
80
saz
*uttaz sb.m.: Norw dott tuft, wisp, OE
dott dot, small spot, LG dott tuft, bunch.
Derived from *dheu- to blow: Skt dhnti
to shake, to move, Gk y-v to oer by
burning, Lat suf- to fumigate, to perfume, to scent. T-F 208 (to Gk
ysanow tassel, fringe); H
AEEW 75; P I 262263; V
ANEW 91; O 285.
*banan str.vb.: ON dfa to dive (wk.),
OE dfan to sink, MLG be-duven to be
covered. Eventually related to *eupaz.
Z Gutt. 37; T-F 209; H AEEW 79; J IEW
508509; P I 267268; V
ANEW 86; L 61; S
155156.
*bjanan wk.vb.: ON dfa to dip, OE
dfan id. Derived from *banan. H AEEW 81; V ANEW 89;
O 278; S 156; L
GED 92.
*bn sb.f.: Goth hraiwa-dubo turtledove, ON dfa dove, OE dfe-doppa pelican, OFris dve dove, OS dba id.,
OHG tba id. Originally, a dark-colored
bird (cf. Gk pleia wild dove ~ peliw
dark, black and blue, livid)? If so, connected with OIr dub black, OW dub id.
and Gk tuflw dark, blind (P
Aufs. 5354), cf. for example Slav *golb
dove ~ *golb blue. S DVN
206212; T-F 209; H
AEEW 79; F 269270; P I
264; V ANEW 86; Z I 155;
F II 949950; E GL XVI
913 (onomatopoeia); L GED
190191; K-S 817.
*naz ~ *n sb.m./f.: OE dn
mountain, hill, down, OFris dne hill,
dune, MDu duun id., OHG dna cape,
dune. Borrowed from Gaul *dnom, cf.
Celtic place names in -dnum. TF 207 (from *dheu- to blow); H AEEW 80; P I 263;
O 286; K-S 199 (to
Gk y,w heap, shore, sand, Skt dhniyagenerous).
*saz adj.: ON sbst. ds lull, dead calm
saz
(< *san), OFris ds still. Identical with
Slav *dyx breath, for further connections see *euzan. J IEW 508;
V ANEW 88 (to Gk yv to oer, to
sacrice); T ESSJa V 200.
*sjanan wk.vb.: ON dsa to doze,
MLG dosen, dusen to slumber, to resound. Derived from *saz. T
NNEO 79; H PBB XLI 476;
M ZDADL LXXVI 179 (adduces
MLG dschen to rush); V ANEW 88.
*walaz adj.: Goth dwals foolish, stupid,
MLG dwal insane. Compared with Gk
yolv to make turbid, to confound
(P KZ XXVI 189), OIr dall blind,
dark. The connection with *welanan
seems indisputable. T-F 215;
K NB II 241, 297; F 130;
P I 265266 (OIr dall < *dhno-);
V ANEW 88 (to Gk ylow dirt);
S 172173; L GED 98;
B Nom. 238; H
169; K-S 827.
*wali ~ *walian sb.f./n.: Goth
dwalia folly, foolishness, OE dwild
error, heresy. Derived from *walaz.
F 130; H 169.
*waljanan wk.vb.: ON dvelja to delay,
OE dwellan to lead into error, to
deceive, OFris dwelia to be mistaken,
OS bi-dwellian to hinder, MDu dwellen
to stun, to perplex, OHG twellen to
stop, to halt. Derived from *welanan.
T-F 215; H AEEW 81;
V ANEW 8889 (to *walaz); O
296; S 172.
*walmaz ~ *walmn sb.m.: OE
dwolema darkness, chaos, NFris dwelm
stupidity, OS dwalm fascination, OHG
twalm confusion. Derived from *walaz.
T-F 216; H AEEW 81;
L GED 98.
*walmjanan ~ *ulmjanan wk.vb.:
ON dylma to be careless, OE for-dwilman
to confuse, to perplex. Derived from
*walmaz ~ *walmn. T-F 216;
H AEEW 81; V ANEW 89.
*waljanan wk.vb.: ON dvala to delay,
OE dwalian to err, OFris dwalia id.,
81
wulaz
OHG ga-twaln to delay, to postpone.
Derived from *wal(n). H
AEEW 80; S 172.
*wal(n) sb.f./m.: ON dvl short stay,
stop, dvala hesitation, OE dwala error,
doubt, MDu dwale id., OHG twl procrastination, twla id. Derived from
*walaz. H AEEW 80; V
ANEW 8889; L GED 98.
*welanan str.vb.: Icel dulinn swellheaded, OE part. e-dwolen erroneous,
wrong, perverse, OS far-dwolon missed,
lost, OHG twelan to remain, to be slow,
to lag. Probably related to Lat fall to
deceive, Lith dlti to rot and derivationally identical with Lith dvlti pedere.
T-F 215216; H AEEW
80; W-H I 447448 (Lat fall
< *he ln); J IEW 503506;
P I 261267; F 109;
S 172.
*weraz sb.m.: ON dvergr dwarf , OE
dweor id., MLG dwerch id., OHG twerg id.
(neut.). Of unknown etymology. B IF XII 131 (to Av drvadwarsh, bent); Z Gutt. 99; TF 215; H PBB XI 548,
AEEW 81; K KZ LXII 143 (to
Latv drugt to subside, to fall); P I
278; V ANEW 89 (to *weraz);
Z I 130; O 296 (to Gk
srfow midge); K-S 919.
*wnanan str.vb.: ON dvna to dwindle
(wk.), OE dwnan to pine, to fade, to
dwindle, MDu dwnen to fade. Based on
*ewanan. P SVSU X 744; TF 217; H AEEW 81;
J IEW 502503; P I
260261; V ANEW 89 (to *awjanan);
L 7071; S 171 (to OIr
dth loss).
*wulaz adj.: ON sbst. dul self-conceit,
pride (< *wul ), OE dol foolish, erring,
OFris dol id., OS dol id., OHG tol id.
Related to *walaz. T-F 215;
H AEEW 74; W NP
104; P I 266; V ANEW 87;
O 293; H 170; KS 827.
e
*eb(i) ptcl., conj.: Goth ibai, iba whether,
ealaz
BB XXIX 237; T-F 23; T BSW 73; P I 44; F
330; F I 602; V-T
II 10.
*exwa-rai ~ *exwa-raian sb.f./n.:
ON j-rei horsemen(?), OE e-red cavalry, legion, OLG eo-rid id. Compound
of *exwaz and *rai. Structurally close to
OIr fem. coll. echrad horses. C Nom.
comp. 4647.
*exwaz sb.m.: Goth aia-tundi thornbush,
bramble, ON jr stallion, OE eoh warhorse, OS ehu-skalk groom, ostler. From
IE *eos horse: Toch A yuk, B yakwe,
Skt va-, Gk ppow, Lat equus, OIr ech
(F KZ I 493). K ANF
XXXII 189; T-F 23; H
AEEW 92; W-H I 412413;
F 21; M I 62; P I
301; V ANEW 293; Z I 138;
F I 733735; L GED 15;
B Nom. 69; A TB 482.
*ejja str.vb.: Goth pret. iddja went, OE
pret. ede id. Suppletive preterite of
*ananan identical with Skt yt and further continuing IE *ei- to go: Hitt pa-izi,
Toch AB y-, Skt ti, Av aiti, Gk emi, Lat
e, OIr pass. pret. etha, Lith eim, eti, Slav
*iti. B 147154; TF 27; K Beitrge 124127 (from
an augmented aorist); H IF
XIV 342 (to Lat vadere to go); C
Prt. 142148 (from perfect middle);
M MSL XXIII 257 (from an
unaugmented imperfect); F 288289;
H AEEW 91; C
Language XXXVI 483501; WH I 406409; M I 128;
P I 293297; F 119;
F I 462463; T ESSJa VIII
247248; S 174176; L
Verschrfung 17.2; B IFTJa 252.
*eka pron.: Goth ik I, ON ek id., OE ic
id., OFris ik id., OS ic id., OHG ih id.
Continues IE *e id.: Gk g, Arm es,
Lat eg, OLith e. Other Indo-European
forms dier from *e in phonetic and
derivational details (Skt ahm, Av az6m,
Slav *az). Cf. also emphatic OHG ihha.
83
enai
Acc. sg. *meke (Goth mik, ON mek, mik,
OE mec, mic, OS mik, OHG mih) continues IE *(e)me ge, cf. Gk mge id. Dat. sg.
*mez: Goth mis, ON mr, OE m, OFris
mi, OS m, OHG mir. Gen. sg. *mna:
Goth meina, ON mn, OE mn, OFris mn,
OS mn, OHG mn. B 225
227; T-F 23, 300; H
AEEW 185; W-H I 395396;
F 291292; P Gliedrung 128;
M I 68; P I 418, 702;
F 18; V ANEW 9899, 384,
386387; F I 441; S Pron.
2148, 5455; T ESSJa I
100103; L GED 204205, 254;
K-S 392; B OFED s.v.
*eli() ~ elj sb.m./f.: ON il footsole,
OE ile footsole, hard skin, OFris ili
id., MLG ele, elde, elt id. Derived from IE
*el-: Gk (rare) lv to drive, lanv
id. T-F 28 (to Lat pl. lia anks,
entrails); P UU 1891 78 (to OHG
len to hurry); H AEEW 187;
P I 306307; V ANEW 284;
F I 482483; B OFED s.v.
*elmaz ~ *almaz sb.m.: ON almr elmtree, OE elm id., OHG elm id. ON
reects an old o-grade. Related to Lat
ulmus id. (< *mos), MIr lem id. (< *lemos)
and Slav *jlm id. < *(u)lmos with some
irregularities in vocalism (P KZ
XXXVIII 313314). U AfslPh
XV 487 (Slav < Gmc); T-F 26;
H AEEW 90; WH II 811812; P I 303;
C SSGJa I 57; V ANEW
7; Z I 129; O 307; VT II 126127; T
ESSJa VIII 222223.
*enaz pron.: ON def. art. (h)inn, OHG enr
id. Related to Lith ans that one, Slav
*on < *ono-. Cf. also Skt instr. anna
through this, Gk nh third day <
*yonder day. M I 32;
P I 320; F 10; V
ANEW 286; F I 514; L GED
210; K-S 410.
*enai adv.: Goth inna within, inside,
ON inni indoors, OE inne in, within,
enai
inside, OFris inna inside, OS inna id.,
OHG inna- id. Locative of *en (F
293). B IF XXXIII 304 (from
*eni-n); H AEEW 188; F
293; V ANEW 287; L GED
206; K-S 401.
*enan adv.: Goth innana from within,
within, inside, ON innan from within,
OE innan id., OFris inna id., OS innan id.,
OHG innan, innana inside. Derived from
*en. H AEEW 188; F
294; V ANEW 286; K-S
401.
*ena-waraz adj., adv.: ON innan-verr
inward, OE innan-weard, in-weard id.,
MDu inne-wert, in-wert id., OHG in-wart
inside. Compound of *en and *waraz.
O 484.
*en() adv.: Goth inn in, ON inn id., OE
inn in, within, OFris in in, OS n id.,
OHG n id. (with secondary lengthening).
Derived from *eni. Close to Gk ndon
within (C MLN XXXVII 215
218), Hitt anda(n) in, Alb nd. Cf. also
comp. *enizn > ON innri, iri inmost,
OE innera, innerra inner, inward, OFris
inra, innere inside, interior, OHG innaro,
inner id. T-F 25 (extension of *eni
by means of a particle *ne); H
AEEW 188; F 293; P I 311
314, 774; F I 511512; V ANEW
286287; O 466, 476; T
HEG I 3334; L GED 206; O
AED 284.
*eni prep.: Goth in in, ON id., OE in
in, within, OFris in id., OS in id., OHG
in id. Identical with Gk n, n id., Lat in
id., OIr in- id., OPrus en id., Lith id.,
Slav *vn id. T-F 25; H AEEW 188; W-H I
687688; F 292; P I 311312;
F 181; V ANEW 282; F I
508509; O 466; L GED
205; K-S 397.
*enkn sb.m.: ON ekki convulsive sobbing, OE inca doubt, question, cause of
complaint. Related to Lith ngti to strangle, to squeeze, to torment, Slav *\ga ~
*\za witch, illness, wrath (P RFV
84
erknaz
XXXIII 328; L Studien 7071).
T-F 28; T BSW 70;
H IF XVII 295, AEEW 188;
P I 13; F 10, 11631164;
V ANEW 99; S LS 25; T ESSJa VI 6869; D BSA 201.
*enkwaraz pron.: Goth igqar your (dual),
ON ykkar id., OE incer id., OS inca id.
Derived from *enkwara (see *jutw ~
*jitw). H AEEW 188; F
291; L GED 204.
*enkwaz sb.m.: ON kkr glans, glandula.
Related to Gk dn gland < *g n, Lat
inguen groin, abdomen (B BB III
115). S MSL VI 53; T-F
25; W-H I 701; P I
319; F I 20.
*enstran sb.n.: ON str fat of the paunch,
MLG inster, inser intestines of a slaughtered animal. Close to Latv stri kidneys,
OPrus instran fat < *stro- (F
KZ XIX 355). Further to Gk ntw
within, inside, Lat intus id. < *entos.
See *enran. T-F 25; E
KZ LII 121; W-H I 713;
T BSW 6970; P I 182,
314; V ANEW 287; F 188;
F I 525; S LS 25; T PJa
III 5455.
*enran sb.n.: ON pl. ir, innr bowels,
entrails. Identical with IE *entro- > Skt
neut. antr- intestine, Gk ntera id.,
Arm pl. 6nder-k' id., Slav *\tro liver, intestines. T-F 25; P I 313;
M I 36; V ANEW 283;
F I 524525; T ESSJa VI
7273.
*erkna-stainaz sb.m.: ON jarkna-steinn
gem, OE eorcnan-stn precious stone,
pearl. Compound of *erknaz and *stainaz.
H AEEW 92; P I 65.
*erknaz adj.: Goth un-airkns impure,
OHG ercan holy, sublime. Related
to Toch A yrk, B yarke adoration,
reverence but to be separated from the
family of Skt rcati to shine, to adore.
O Morph. Unt. VI 33 (to Gk rgw
white, quick); T-F 26; F 25;
H AEEW 92; P I 65
erknaz
(Kreuzung of *ar- white und *erk to light, to shine); M IF LXIX 245;
L JIES VII 287296 (from IE *er-nos
having a good birth); L GED 18;
L Expr. 339; B Nom.
246; H 174175.
*erlaz sb.m.: ON jarl earl, leader, nobleman, OE eorl nobleman of high rank,
OS erl id., OHG erl- id. (in cmpn.).
Related to *ern. Probably can be directly
compared with Thrac prn. Olrow,
Oroles (T Thr. II/2 29; K Einleitung 214, 221) unless the latter is to Slav *orl eagle. T-F
25; H AEEW 92; D
Thr. 341; P I 326 (to *arn), 328;
V ANEW 290; Z I 130;
O 297; L GED 40.
85
era-kunaz
M I 122; P I 332; F
II 422424.
*erpaz adj.: Burg *erps brown, ON jarpr
id., OE eorp dark, dusky, brown, OS
prop. Erp-hund, OHG erpf dark brown.
Unclear. Hardly to Gk rfnw dark
brown (~ Arm arn id. < *org hen-).
O Etym. I 7879 (< *ereb(h)-, cf.
Lith jrb hazel-grouse); T-F 332;
H AEEW 93; K NB
II 220; P I 334; V ANEW
291; F II 431432; K 709;
H 176177.
*era-bazjan sb.n.: Swed jord-br strawberry, OE fem. eor-berie id., MDu erdbere id., OHG erd-beri id. Compound of
*er and *bazjan. F BB XVII
310 (to Lat arbutus wild strawberry-tree);
C Nom. comp. 47.
*era-burz sb.f.: ON jar-borg earth
stronghold, OE eor-burh earth mound,
OHG erd-burg earth stronghold. Compound of *er and *burz. C Nom.
comp. 47.
*era-fallaz sb.m.: ON jar-fall earthslip, OFris erth-fall fall to the ground,
MLG erd-fal id., OHG erd-fal earth-slip.
Compound of *er and *fallaz. C
Nom. comp. 75 (parallel formations).
*era-fastaz adj.: ON jar-fastr xed in
the earth, OE eor-fst id., OFris erth-fest
id., MLG erd-fast id., early G erdfest id.
Compound of *er and *fastaz. C
Nom. comp. 60.
*era-xnutz sb.f.: Swed jord-nt earthnut, OE eor-hnutu id., MDu erd-note id.,
OHG erd-nuz id. Compound of *er and
*xnutz. C Nom. comp. 47.
*era-xsan sb.n.: ON jar-hs cave,
underground home, OE eor-hs earthhouse, den, OS erth-hs cave, underground home, OHG erd-hs id.
Compound of *er and *xsan. C
Nom. comp. 47.
*era-kunaz adj.: Goth aira-kunds of
earthly birth, OE eor-cund earthly, terrestrial. Compound of *er and *kunaz.
C Nom. comp. 88 (calque of Lat terrigenus).
era-weaz
*era-weaz sb.m.: ON jar-vegr earth,
OE eor-we earth, earth-way. Compound of *er and *weaz. C Nom.
comp. 54.
*er sb.f.: Goth aira earth, ON jr id.
(partly < *eriz), OE eore id. (< *ern),
eor id., OFris erthe id., OS ertha id.,
OHG erda id. Related to or derived from
*erwn (B ZDADL XXXI 205206).
T-F 26, 560; H AEEW
93; F 2526; P I 332; V
ANEW 295; Z II 195; O
298; L GED 18; B
Nom. 116; K-S 228229.
*erwn sb.m.: ON jr gravel, OHG ero
earth. Close to Toch B yare gravel, W
erw eld, Corn erw id., OBret eru furrow, Gk r` id. and probably to Phryg
dat. sg. eiroi earth, earthly (?) (O
Phrygian 71). S I ; TF 26; P I 332; V ANEW
295; F I 546547; C 363;
L GED 18.
*erzi sb.f.: Goth airzia deception,
delusion, OHG irrida heresy. Derived
from *erzjaz. F 27; H
177.
*erzjanan wk.vb.: Goth airzjan to mislead, to delude, OS irrian to dissolve,
OHG irren to entangle. Derived from
*erzjaz. F 27; L GED 19;
H 177.
*erzjaz adj.: Goth airzeis deluded, erring,
misled, OE eorre angry, enraged, erce,
OFris re furious, OS irri id., OHG irri
stray. Related to Lat err to go astray,
Arm eam to be restless < *ers (K KZ XXXI 184). T-F 26;
W-H I 416417; F 27;
H AEEW 186187; P I
336337; L GED 1920; H 177178; K-S 406.
*esti athem.: Goth ist is, ON es id., OE is
id., OFris is, ist id., OS is, ist id., OHG
ist id. Continues IE *es-ti id.: Hitt zi, Skt
sti, Av asti, Gk st, Lat est, OIr is, Lith
sti, Slav *est, Alb sht. See *wesanan I.
B 266279; T-F 27;
F 292; H AEEW 92;
86
eau
W-H II 628629; K
700701; L Language XXX 113;
J IEW 7879; M I
67; P I 340342; F 124;
V ANEW 101, 105; F I 463464;
S 176178; T ESSJa VI
32; L GED 205; P II
285291; O AED 156.
*etanan str.vb.: Goth itan to eat, ON eta
id., OE etan id., OFris eta id., OS etan id.,
OHG ezzan id. Related to Hitt e-id-mi
id., Skt tti id., Gk dv id., Arm utem id.,
Lat ed id., OIr ith id., Lith mi id., Slav
*dm id. (Balto-Slavic lengthening due
to Winters law) T-F 24, 232;
B Grundri II/3 96; T
BSW 66; F 163, 296297; H AEEW 94, 116; W-H
I 392393; J IEW 5354;
M I 28; P I 287289;
F 124125; V ANEW 106;
F I 444445; O 298, 376;
C 312313; S 179180;
T ESSJa VI 5354; L
GED 208; P II 315320; KS 235, 285.
*etulaz adj.: ON etall consuming, OE etol
voracious, gluttonous, OHG lu-ezzal
greedy.
Derived
from
*etanan.
H AEEW 94; S
179180; H 178179.
*etunaz sb.m.: ON jtunn giant, OE eten
id. The meanings of *etulaz make a tentative connection with *etanan probable.
S IF XV 266 (to the ethnonym
Etiones); T-F 24; H
AEEW 93; V ANEW 295296;
B Nom. 82.
*eau conj.: Goth aiau else, or, ON
ea id., OE ea, oa id., OS ettho id.,
OHG edo id. An unclear compound, probably continuing *ef au (G
Got. 17) or *ex au (C JIES XII
315344). S Studien 8595 (reconstructs *eft-au); J BB XIII
120122; H AEEW 94; F
29; P I 344; V ANEW 93
(*e- to Lat et); L GED 21;
K-S 597.
euaran
87
n(e)u
N SVSU V/3 3943; P I
347; V ANEW 294; Z II 184;
O 954; K-S 237238.
n(e)u
88
faanaz
ESSJa VI 38; B Nom.
6263.
*tiz ~ *tjaz adj.: ON tr edible, OE
ofer-te gluttonous. Derived from *etanan.
H AEEW 13; M Festschr.
Schrder 103, 117, KZ CV 112; H 178.
*tjn sb.m.: Goth af-etja glutton, OE selfta cannibal. Structurally similar to Skt
dy- edible, Lith dia fodder, glutton,
Slav *dja food. Derived from *etanan or
directly from *tan. H AEEW
13; F 5; M I 74; F
125; S 180; L GED 4.
*tn sb.m.: Goth uz-eta manger, crib,
MLG or-te, or-te remainder of animal
feed, straw. Derived from *tan. F
538; L GED 385.
f
*far sb.m.: Goth voc. fadar father (hap.
faanjanan
*faanjanan ~ *faenjanan wk.vb.:
Goth faginon to feel happy, to rejoice,
ON fagna to be fain, to rejoice, OE
fenian to rejoice, OS fagann id., OHG
feginn id. Derived from *faanaz ~
*faenaz. Z Gutt. 188; T-F
225; H AEEW 95; F 134;
V ANEW 109; O 348; S
189; L GED 102.
*faraz sb.m.: Goth fagrs proper, suitable,
ON fagr fair, bright, OE fer fair,
beautiful, OS fagar id., OHG fagar beautiful, bright, splendid. Identical with
Toch A pkr, B pkri manifest, apparent, Skt pajr- rm, solid, Umbr pacer
bent (B IF IX 349). See *fanxanan, *fexanan. S KZ I 155;
B PBB XLIII 369; Z Gutt.
188; K NB II 252; T-F
224; F 134; H AEEW 95;
W NP 14, 109, 123; M
II 186; P I 796797; V
ANEW 109 (to *fanxanan or *fjanan);
M II 186; O 342; L GED 101; B Nom. 248;
H 181182.
*fari sb.f.: ON fegr beauty, fairness, OS gi-fagiritha ornament. Derived
from *faraz or *farjanan ~ *faxrjanan.
H 182.
*farn sb.f.: ON fegri beauty, OHG fagar
splendor. Derived from *faraz. H 181.
*farjanan ~ *faxrjanan wk.vb.: Goth
ga-fahrjan to put in proper condition,
to make suitable, ON fegra to adorn.
Derived from *faraz. F 180; V
ANEW 115; H 182.
*faxez sb.f.: ON fr sheep. Close to Gk
pkow wool, eece (F BB I 60) further related to *fexu. S Plur. 149;
T-F 225; P I 797; V
ANEW 149; F II 492493.
*faxsan sb.n.: ON fax mane, OE feax
hair, OFris fax id., OS fahs id., OHG
fahs id. Based on an original s-stem as in
Gk pkow eece. Derived from *faxez.
Z Gutt. 189; T-F 225;
H AEEW 100; P I
89
faixaz
797; V ANEW 114; Z II
167; F II 492493; K-S
254.
*faxtiz sb.m.: OSwed ft wool, eece,
OE feht, eht sheepskin with wool, OFris
fecht wool, eece, Du vacht id. Related
to *faxsan. Cf. also *fextanan. T-F
225; H AEEW 103; P I
797; V ANEW 149.
*faiaz adj.: ON feigr death-bound,
OE fe fated, doomed, OS fgi
death-bound, OHG feigi id. Related to
*faixaz II (B BB XXVII
176; W BB XXVIII 3638).
O KZ III (NF) 427428 (to Skt
pakv- cooked, baked, ripe); S
ZdWf XI 274275; Z Gutt. 189;
T-F 223 (to Lith pakas stupid);
H AEEW 95, 420; K
207208; K NB II 444; P I
795; V ANEW 115; O 353;
L GED 68; H apud JB Festschr. Puhvel I 214215 (to *faixaz
I); H 182183; KS 256.
*faii sb.f.: ON feig approaching
death, OE f hostility. Derived from
*faiaz. Cf. *faixi. H AEEW
95; V ANEW 115; H
183.
*faixaz I adj.: Goth lu-faihs multicolored,
manifold, ON bl-fr in blue speckles,
OE fh, f colored, OS fh id., OHG fh
id. Identical with Skt pas- shape, form,
color, Av pas- to color, to ornament,
Gk poiklow colorful, Toch A peke tablet, painting < *poio-. Z Gutt.
132; B 817; T-F 241;
F 153154; H AEEW 97;
K NB I 4546; P Gliederung
136 (short form of the original *lu-faixaz
with many stains); M II 342;
P I 794795; V ANEW 112;
F II 572573; L GED 116;
B Nom. 237; H
183184; K-S 255.
*faixaz II adj.: OE fh guilty, criminal,
hostile, inimical, OFris fch criminal,
MDu vee hostile, inimical, OHG gi-fh
faixaz
hostile. Identical with Lith pakas stupid
(Z KZ XXXVII 401). Any connection with *faixaz I? Z Gutt. 189
(to *faixaz I); T-F 240241; H AEEW 97; W Postv. 79
81; P I 795; F 525;
L GED 68; H 184185;
K-S 255; B OFED s.v.
*faixjanan wk.vb.: ON f to draw, to
paint, OHG fhen to decorate. Derived
from *faixaz I. T-F 241; V
ANEW 108; L GED 116; H 183.
*faiknan sb.n.: ON feikn fright, misfortune, OE fcen deceit, fraud, OS fkan
guile, malice, OHG feihhan id. Substantivized *faiknaz. Z Gutt. 161;
T-F 241; H AEEW
94; P I 795; V ANEW 115
(to *faixaz II); Z I 139; H 185.
*faikna-stabaz sb.m.: ON pl. feikn-star
bane, evil, OE fcen-stf deceitful deed.
Compound of *faiknan and *stabaz.
C Nom. comp. 54.
*faiknaz adj.: ON feikn perishable, OE
fcne deceitful, fraudulent, wicked, OS
fkni guileful, malicious, OHG feihhan
insidious. Related to Lat impers. piget to
annoy (C Gr. Et. 164). K
NB II 449; T-F 241; H
AEEW 9495; W-H II 300
301; F 8990; P I 795; V
ANEW 115; K Run. 122; L
Expr. 337338 (to *faixaz II); H 184185.
*faiman sb.n.: Norw dial. feim foam, OE
fm id., OHG masc. feim id. Related to
other phonetically diverging words for
foam: Skt phna- foam, froth, Sogd
pymkh id., Lat spma id., pmex pumice,
Slav *pna foam, Lith span id. W KZ I 247; P Beitrge 690;
P IF V 80; M Etudes 445;
T-F 224; T BSW 227
228; H AEEW 98; WH II 388389; M II
399; P I 1001 (reconstructs
*spoimno-); F 858; O 366;
90
falaz
V-T III 231; KS 256.
*faimnj sb.f.: ON feima bashful girl,
young lass, OE fmne virgin, maid,
woman, OFris fmne young woman, OS
fmea id. Fem. of unattested *faimn shepherd, herder related to Gk poimn id.,
Lith piemu id. Cf. in particular Lith
piemn female shepherd. T-F
240 (to Av paman- milk); F 585;
F II 573.
*faitaz adj.: ON feitr fat, MLG veet id.,
MHG veiz id. Related to the IE adjective
reected in Skt pvan- swelling, fat,
strong, Gk pvn id. T-F 241;
H AEEW 97; K NB I
59; M II 297298; P I
794 (to Gk pidv to gush forth); V
ANEW 115116; F II 532; O
346347; H 186187; KS 257, 261.
*faitn sb.f.: ON feiti fatness, MHG veize
id. Derived from *faitaz. H
186.
*faitjanan wk.vb.: ON feita to fatten, OE
part. ft id., OHG feizen id. Derived from
*faitaz. H AEEW 97; V
ANEW 116; O 346347; H 186.
*falaz adj.: ON falr for sale, OHG fali
saleable. Related to Gk pvlv to sell,
Lith penas prot, yield. T-F
237; K NB I 66; P I 804;
F 567568; V ANEW 110
111; F II 633; M KZ CV 110;
H 187; K-S 256.
*fala-lkaz adj.: ON marg-faldligr manifold, OHG ein-faltlh simple. Derived
from *falaz. H 188.
*falaz adj.: Goth -fals -fold, ON -faldr
id., OE -feald id., OFris -fald id., OS -fald
id., OHG -falt, -falto id. Appears only as
the second element of adjectival compounds (see *aina-falaz). Derived from
*falanan. T-F 238; F 23;
H AEEW 99; W NP
33; O 366367; H 187
188; K-S 247248; B
OFED s.v.
faliz
91
falwaz
falwaz
FB 8386; T-F 239; S
ZDADL LXVI 9596; T BSW
213; H AEEW 99; P
Gliederung 204; P I 804; C SGGJa I 68; F 534; V
ANEW 150; F II 575576; O
343; V-T III 313;
B Nom. 243; K 710;
H 189190; K-S
244245.
*falwisk(n) sb.m./f.: ON flski ash over
burning ambers, OHG falawisca hot
ashes. Derived from *falwaz. TF 239; V ANEW 150.
*fanan ~ *fanxan sb.n.: Goth ga-fah
catching, catch, ON fang catching sh,
OE fan booty (masc.), OHG gi-fang
clothing. Related to *fanxanan. H AEEW 98; F 179180;
P Gliederung 104, 127; V ANEW
110, 117; O 344; S 185;
L GED 102; B Nom.
134.
*faniz I sb.m.: ON fengr gain, booty,
OE fen grasp, span, OFris basa-fang
obscene grip, OS ana-fang touch, OHG
ant-fang reception, acceptance. Substantivized *faniz II. T-F 224;
H AEEW 100; S 185
186; B OFED s.v.
*faniz II adj.: ON br-fengr hot, hasty,
OE and-fene acceptable, approved, t,
OFris fensze suitable, OHG ant-fengi
acceptable, pleasant. Derived from *fanxanan. K NB I 111112; H AEEW 100; V ANEW 118;
S 186; M Festschr. Schrder
106, KZ CV 127; H 190.
*fanxanan str.vb.: Goth fahan to catch, to
capture, ON f to fetch, to catch, OE
fn to grasp, to catch, to seize, OFris f
id., OS fhan id., OHG fhan id. Related
to Lat pang to fortify, Gk pgnumi
to stick, to x in (F BB XVI
189). Further connected with *faraz.
Z Gutt. 6, 189; B Grundri
II/3 291; T-F 224; F 134
135; H AEEW 112; WH II 245246; J IEW
92
fara-alan
531532; P I 788; V ANEW
108; F II 525526; O 344;
S 185186; L GED 102
103; K-S 249; B
OFED s.v.
*fanjan sb.n.: Goth fani clay, mud, ON
fen fen, quagmire, OE fen fen, marsh,
mud, dirt (masc. and neut.), OFris fenne
wet meadow (masc., fem.), OS feni, fenni
swamp, fen, OHG fenni id. Etymologically connected with Thrac pln.
Pnion, Gaul anam paludem, MIr en
water, an id., enach swamp, OPrus
pannean quagmire (B Glossarium 224;
L BB XXI 93; B Roczn. Saw. VI
37). S Kl. Schr. 716 (to *funn, as
re-colored); K WF XII 7; E
KZ LII 116; T-F 228; H AEEW 101; F 142; P
I 807808; V ANEW 118; Z
II 174; S LS 4041; D
Trakite 44; L GED 108; KS 258.
*fann sb.m.: Goth fana piece of cloth,
rag, ON -fani ag (in compounds), OE
fana ag, OFris fana, fona ag, OS fano
cloth, OHG fano ag. Related to Gk
pnow: fasma Hes., pnh cloth, Lat
pannus id. (C Gr. Et. 275276;
O-S IF XXXIII 238). TF 227; H AEEW 98;
W-H II 247248; F 142;
S Festschr. Voretzsch 40 (same as
C and O-S); T Lehm
2728 (to *fanjan); P I 788; V
ANEW 111; Z I 153; F II
529530; L GED 108; KS 245.
*fantaz adj.: ON fattr bowed backward.
Identical with Lat pandus bent, crooked,
curved (B KZ XIX 437438;
V 333). T-F 228 (to
*fenanan); H IF XLVIII 255
(to Pndarow in Asia Minor); WH II 245; P I 788; V
ANEW 114; H 190191.
*fara-alan sb.n.: ON far-ald journey,
OE fr-eld way, going, motion, journey.
Compound of *faran and *alan (see
fara-alan
*alaz). T-F 229; H
AEEW 96; V ANEW 112.
*faran sb.n.: ON far travel, ship, OE fr
journey, vehicle, ship, OHG far haven.
Derived from *faranan. T-F 229;
H AEEW 96; P I 816;
V ANEW 112; Z I 140;
O 345; S 187.
*faranan str.vb.: Goth faran to pass over,
to wander, to travel, ON fara to travel,
OFris fara id., OE faran id., OFris fara id.,
OS faran id., OHG faran id. Related to
Skt pparti to bring over, to save, to surpass, Av par- to bring over, Gk perv
to penetrate, perv to pierce, to run
through, Slav *pr, *perti to move,
to y. B IF XXXII 173175
(*-a- from *farjanan); B 851;
T-F 229; M MSL XIX 135;
T BSW 215216; F 142
143; H AEEW 98; J IEW 548551; B BSL LI
3641; M II 284; P I
816818; V ANEW 112; F II
491492; O 345; S 186188;
V-T III 240; L
GED 108109; K-S 245.
*fariz sb.f.: Burg *fards journey, way,
ON fer travel, journey, OE fyrd army,
expedition, OFris ferd military expedition, OS fard way, OHG fart id.
Derived from *faranan. T-F 229;
P I 817; V ANEW 119;
Z I 150; S 187; L
GED 136137, 381; B Nom.
144145; K 710; K-S
245.
*farjan sb.n.: ON fram-feri procedure,
conduct, MLG e-verde ride, way, OHG
gi-ferti way. Derived from *fariz.
V ANEW 118.
*farxaz sb.m.: OE fearh little pig, farrow,
OHG neut. farah, farh id. Identical with
Lat porcus pig, MIr orc young pig, Lith
paas gelded pig, Slav *pors\ piglet
(K KZ I 39). Z Gutt.
190; P Kelt. Gr. I 91; T-F
234; T BSW 207; H
AEEW 99; W-H II 341;
93
farmaz
C SGGJa I 58; P I
841; T Zhiv. 63; F 542;
V ANEW 113; T Zhiv. 63;
O 345; V-T III 332;
B Nom. 52; K-S
259.
*farxwaz adj.: OHG faro colored. Related to Skt pni- spotted, variegated, Gk
porknw dark, MIr erc spotted, dark
red (H IF LXXVIII 142143). Cf.
also *furxn. T-F 234; M II 336; P I 820821;
S Language XLVIII 59 (with
metathesis, to Lat corpus body); L
GED 109; B Nom. 4950.
*farxw sb.f.: Goth masc. or neut. farwa
form, appearance, OFris ferwe id., MDu
verwe id., OHG farawa id. Substantivized
*farxwaz (M Wortbild. 75). TF 234; S Language XLVIII
59 (metathesis of *kerp-: Skt kp- shape,
beautiful appearance, Lat corpus body);
L GED 109 (against S);
K-S 249.
*farjanan wk.vb.: Goth farjan to travel, to
go by sea, ON ferja to ferry, to transport, OE ferian to carry, to bear, to
lead, OFris feria to lead, to ferry across,
OS ferian to travel by ship, OHG ferren
to sail. Causative/iterative of *faranan.
T-F 229; H AEEW
102; F 142143; V ANEW 118;
O 352; S 187; L
GED 108; K-S 245, 259.
*farjn sb.f.: ON ferja ferry, MLG vere
id., MHG vere id. Derived from *faranan.
T-F 229; V ANEW 118;
O 352.
*farmaz sb.m.: ON farmr freight, cargo,
OE fearm id., OS farm stampede, OHG
farm fast ship. Identical with Slav *porm
ferry (F I 475; P Beitrge
641). Derived from *faranan. H RFV
XXIII 336 (Slav < Gmc); T-F
229; T BSW 216; H
AEEW 99; P I 816817; C SGGJa I 80; V ANEW 112;
Z I 131; S LS 43; VT III 331332; S 187.
farnan
*farnan sb.n.: OE fearn fern, MLG farn
id., OHG farn id. Related to phonetically
diverging IE words for fern: Gk ptriw
id., Alb er id. < PAlb *sper(n)a, OIr
raith id. (< *prati-), Lith paprtis id.,
Slav *paport id. Further connected with
and exactly corresponding formally to Skt
par- wing, Av par6na- id. B 869870; P Kelt. Gr. I 91;
T-F 234; H AEEW 99;
P I 826; F 538; F
II 611; O 351; K-S
249250; O AED 96.
*far sb.f.: ON fr journey, OE faru id.,
OFries fera id., MHG far id. Derived from
*faranan. T-F 229; H
AEEW 98; V ANEW 151; O
345; S 187; B Nom.
107.
*farn sb.m.: ON -fari sea-farer, OE efara companion, OFris rum-fara pilgrim,
traveler to Rome, OHG -faro traveler.
Derived from *faranan. Identical with
Toch B akwam-pere sprout and stalk <
*-porom. H AEEW 98; V
ANEW 112; S 187; B
Nom. 176; A TB 5.
*farzn sb.m.: ON farri bullock, OE fearr
bull, ox (from *farzaz), MLG varre id.,
OHG farro id. Deverbative based on IE
*pers-: Skt pan spotted, Tokh AB prsto sprinkle. For the semantic development cf. Latv vepris boar, Slav *vepr id.
~ Skt vpati to throw (out), to eject, to
excrete. P WuS XX 38; O
PBB XX 9091 (to Skt pthuka- boy,
young of an animal, Arm ort' calf );
T-F 235; H AEEW
99; M Gm. 178; M II
336; P I 818, 823; T
Zhiv. 4243 (to Slav *porz bull, hog <
*porso-); V ANEW 112; Z II
195; B Nom. 50; KS 250.
*fas(u)laz sb.m.: ON fsull brood, OE
fsl ospring, progeny (masc. or neut.?),
MLG vasel mature bull, OHG fasal
ospring, progeny, kin (neut.). Connected with Skt neut. psas- membrum
94
fastnan
virile, Gk pow id., Lat pnis id. < *pesni-s (G apud A KZ I 288).
T-F 239; H AEEW 96;
W-H II 281; M II
241; P I 824; Z II 167;
F II 507; K-S 250251.
*fasta-xalaz adj.: ON fast-haldr fastholding, OE fst-heald rmly xed.
Compound of *fastaz and *xalaz (see
*xalanan). C Nom. comp. 63.
*fasta-lkaz adj.: ON fast-ligr strong,
fast, OE fst-lc rm, OHG fast-lh
solid, rm, safe. Derived from *fastaz.
H 192.
*fastaz adj.: Burg *fastis fast, rm, ON
fastr id., OE fst id., OFris fest id., OS fast
id., OHG fasto id. identical with Arm
hast rm (H ASt I 38; S
Arm. 439440), probably from *po-stH-ostanding rm based on *st- to stand,
to set. K NB II 373374;
U PBB XX 328 (to Skt pastyadwelling, abode); T-F 239; F
143144; H AEEW 96;
P I 789; C SGGJa I
107; V ANEW 113; O 346;
L Sprache XXVI 133144 (to
Hitt pa- to protect, Slav *pasti to pasture); L GED 109110; S
Festschr. Rosenfeld 499503; K 710;
H 192193; K-S
260261.
*fastnan wk.vb.: Goth fastan to hold
fast, to fast, ON fasta to fast, OE fstian
to entrust, to commit, OFris festia to
fast, OS festian to strengthen, OHG
fastn to fast. Derived from *fastaz. The
semantic development from keeping,
observing to fasting is explained by
calquing Lat (iinium) observre (W
ANF XLIV 104105: ON < OE; V
JEGP XXIX 502503). T-F
239; F 143144; F ANF XLI 116;
H ANF XLVII 285 (ON < MLG
vasten); P AGIt LVI 1928 (the cultic
meaning of *fastnan is based on Lat stati ); L Sprache XXVI 139144
(from IE *p-); V ANEW 113; O
346; M P AGI LVI 19
fastnan
28; S RIL CIX 433436 (calque
of Gk fulssv); L GED 109
110; S Festschr. Rosenfeld 493505
(from *pos-to-, to Lat prus clean <
*p6s-); H 193; KS 251.
*fastinjanan wk.vb.: ON fastna to
pledge, OE fstnian to fasten, OFris
festna id., OS fastnn id., OHG festinn,
fastinn to strengthen. Derived from
*fastaz. H AEEW 97; V
ANEW 113; O 346.
*fastn sb.f.: ON sta-festi steadfastness,
ODu festi solidness, OHG fest strength,
might. Derived from *fastaz. V
ANEW 118; H 192.
*fastjan sb.n.: OSwed fste fortress,
OFris feste contract, treaty. Derived
from *fastaz. H 192.
*fastjanan wk.vb.: ON festa to fasten,
OE fstan id., OFris bi-festa to entrust,
OS part. gi-festid fastened, OHG festen
to strengthen, to fasten. Derived from
*fastaz. T-F 239; H
AEEW 96; V ANEW 118; H 192.
*fastn sb.f.: ON fasta fasting, OS fasta
id., OHG fasta fast, parsimony. Connected with *fastnan. V ANEW 113;
L GED 109.
*fastubnjan sb.n.: Goth fastubni fasting,
observance, vigilance, OS fastunnia fasting. Derived from *fastnan or directly
from *fastaz. F 144; L GED
109110.
*fatan I sb.n.: ON fat vat, OE ft vessel,
OFris fet id., OS fat id., OHG faz id. ON
fat clothes, dress is a historically dierent
word (see *fatan II). Identical with podas
pot (an original neuter with a lengthening due to Winters law). Probably further
related to Lith pdas sheaf , Latv pda
bunch. T-F 226; H
AEEW 97; T ZDPh LXX 353355;
P I 790; F 563; V
ANEW 113; Z I 140; O
971; L GED 113 (to *ped- foot);
K-S 251; D BSA 130
131.
95
fa
*fatan II sb.n.: ON fat clothes, dress.
An isolated form. Probably an old Oriental loanword, cf. NCauc *Hp>dV: Avar
hebt linen, Lak pat:a old clothes, Rutul
badu trousers. V ANEW 113;
N-S NCED 600.
*fatilaz sb.m.: ON fetill strap, OE fetel
girdle, belt, MDu vetel fetter, OHG
fezzil girdle, band (also neut.). Derived
from *fatan II. Hardly related to *feturaz
~ *fetur(n). T-F 226; H AEEW 102; V ANEW 118119;
O 352; K-S 260.
*fatjanan wk.vb.: OFris fatia to grasp,
OE fetian to fetch, to marry. Derived
from *fetanan. T-F 226; P I 790791; O 352.
*fatjanan wk.vb.: ON fata to step, OE
fatian to fetch, OHG sih fazzn to rise,
to exalt. Derived from *fetanan. TF 226; H AEEW 98; V
ANEW 114; S 196; L GED
113; K-S 251.
*famaz sb.m.: ON famr fathom, OE
fm embracing arms, lap, cubit, fathom,
OFris fethm fathom, OS pl. fathms
id., OHG fadam yarn, fathom. Etymologically related to W etem, NW edau
thread < *petim and, with certain
diculties, to Slav *pasm\ thread bundle
(< *pt-s-m). Further see *fa (M Festschr. Heinzel 174; L Language
IX 249). T-F 226; H
AEEW 97; P I 824825; C SGGJa I 97; V ANEW 109;
Z I 131; O 347; T Rem. 102103; V-T
III 212; L GED 110; B Nom. 71; K-S 244.
*famjanan wk.vb.: ON fema to span,
MLG vedemen to measure with outspread
arms. Derived from *famaz. V
ANEW 114.
*famjanan wk.vb.: ON fama to
embrace, OE fmian to fathom, to
embrace, MDu vademen to thread,
OHG fadamn to spin, to sew. Derived
from *famaz. V ANEW 109.
*fa sb.f.: Goth faa hedge, ON pln.
fa
F, MHG vade hedge. Related to Gk
petnnumi to spread out, Lat pate
to stand open (G Got. 65).
U PBB XXX 274275 (to IE
*p- ~ *p- to protect); G
Got. 65; O ANF XXIII 9094 (adds
ONorw theon. F, originallyborder);
T-F 226; W-H II
262; F 144; T ZSSR LXV
242243 (follows U); P I
824825; V ANEW 150; F II
520521; L GED 110.
*fauxaz ~ *faxwaz adj.: Goth pl. fawai
few, ON fr id., OE fewa id., OS f, fao
id., OHG f rare, few. Related to Lat
paucus id., and further to Lat paullus id.,
Gk parow small (K KZ I 515).
B KZ XXXII 31 (adds Arm p'ok'r
small); T-F 239; WH II 265266; F 147;
P I 842843; V ANEW 112;
F II 482483; O 353; L
Verschrfung 16.6; L GED 112;
B Nom. 239.
*fausaz ~ *fauzaz adj.: Norw dial fyr
rotten, Du voos spongy. Derived from
*fanan. T-F 242243; V
ANEW 114; P I 790; VT III 414.
*feurez num.: Goth dur- four (in
cmpn.), ON masc. fjrir, neut. fjgur id.,
OE feer-fte foor-footed. Continues
*ket-, cf. Skt catr-aga- four-membered, Gk tetra-, Myc qe-to-ro-, Lat
quadru-. See *fewrez. T-F 227;
H AEEW 103; WH II 706; F 149; M
I 372; P I 642644; F II
883884; S Numerals 7985;
L GED 113; R-B Numerals
579582.
*feur-skautjaz ~ *fewr-skautjaz
adj.: ON fer-skeyttr four-cornered,
square, OE fewer-scte id., OHG orsczi id. Compound of *feurez, *fewrez
and *skautjaz (see *skautaz). C Nom.
comp. 65.
*feurn num.: ON fjri fourth, OE
fera, fewera id., OFris rda id., OS
96
fextanan
oro id., OHG ordo id. Derived from
*fewrez, *feurez. In WGmc *feurn >
*feurn. Identical with Toch A trt, B
tarte id., Gk ttartow id., Skt caturth- id.,
Lat qurtus id., Lith ketvitas id., Slav
*etvrt id. T-F 227; T BSW 132; M MSL XIV 382,
BSL XXIX 34, 3637; W-H
II 399; M I 371; F 247;
V ANEW 124; F II 883884;
O 373; T ESSJa IV 95;
R-B Numerals 627; A TB 641;
B IFTJa 258.
*fewrez num.: Goth dwor four, OE
fewer id., OFris wer, wer id., OS war,
uwar id., OHG or id. Phonetically transformed by analogy with *fenfe (Z
Gutt. 7). Related to IE *ketr id.: Toch
twar, B twer, Skt catvra-, Gk tssarew,
Alb katr, OIr cethir, Lat quattuor, Lith
ketur, Slav *etyri. M MSL VII
162, IX 158159; S BB
XXVIII 301; T-F 227; T BSW 131; H AEEW
102; W-H II 400401;
F 149150; M I 371372;
P I 642644; F 247248;
H MGS II 1; V ANEW 124; F
II 883884; O 373; L GED
113114; T ESSJa IV 9798;
R-B Numerals 582584; KS 864; O AED 173174;
A TB 641642; B IFTJa 258.
*fexanan str.vb.: OE e-fen to be glad, to
rejoice, OHG gi-fehan id. Probably related to *fanxanan. F I 471 (to Lat px
peace); Z Gutt. 188189 (same as
F); T-F 224225; W JEGP
XIII 504 (to *fextanan); H
AEEW 101; P I 796797; S 189.
*fextanan str.vb.: OE feohtan to ght,
OFris uchta id., OS fehtan id., OHG
fehtan id. Identical with Lat pect to comb
(Z Gutt. 189; S KZ LXVIII
205207), further to Gk pkv id. (note
pektv to shear, to clip), Lith pe, pti
to pluck. O Etym. 369371 (to
Lat pugnus st); T-F 225; H-
fextanan
AEEW 101; W-H II
269270; S KZ LXVIII 507, 613
(on the inuence of *extanan); P I
797; F 580582; A Festschr.
Trier KG 146159; F II 492493;
O 355; S 190191; KS 254.
*fexu sb.n.: Goth faihu money, movable
goods, ON f cattle, property, OE feoh
id. (< *fexan), OFris id. (masc., neut.),
OS fehu id., OHG hu id. Identical with
Skt pa- cattle, animal, Av pasu- cattle,
Lat pec id., Umbr pl. pequo pecua, Lith
pkus cattle, OPrus pecku id. O
Etym. I 214, 256257 (adds Slav *ps
dog as *cattle guard); Z Gutt.
190; S KZ XL 412; B
879880; T-F 225; F
ZfslavPh XI 4951; H AEEW
101; W-H II 270271;
F 135136; M II 239
240; P I 797; F 564
565; V ANEW 114; Z II
199; B IEL 39, 4748,
155; L GED 102103; B Nom. 156; K-S
864.
*fexu-frekaz adj.: Goth faihu-friks covetous, greedy, ON f-frekr greedy for
money. Compound of *fexu and *frekaz.
C Nom. comp. 67.
*fexu-ernaz adj.: Goth faihu-gairns covetous, avaricious, ON f-gjarn greedy,
OE feoh-eorn avariciuos, covetous.
Compound of *fexu and *ernaz. C
Nom. comp. 59.
*fexu-xsan sb.n.: ON f-hs stall, OE
feoh-hs treasury, MLG v-hs stall.
Compound of *fexu and *xsan. C
Nom. comp. 71 (parallel formations).
*felxanan str.vb.: Goth lhan to bury, to
conceal, ON fela to hide, to conceal,
OE folan to cleave, to stick, to reach,
OFris bi-fella to conceal, to commit,
OS bi-felhan to commit, OHG felahan
to transmit, to entrust, to bury. Of
unknown origin. K KZ I 39;
E KZ VI 217 (to OHG felga bend,
rim); U PBB XXVII 118 (to
97
feluz
Gk plkow: phlw, Hes.); G
Got. 68 (to Slav *plk warfare, troop);
Z Gutt. 130; T-F 237;
H ESt. 2946; F 151152;
H AEEW 101; T Lehm
2430; J IEW 557558;
P I 803804; V ANEW 117
(to IE *pel- cover, skin); S
191193; B IEL 128129;
L GED 115; K-S 90
(to Lat appell to drive to, to move
toward, Latv pet to vilify).
*fellan sb.n.: Goth ruts-ll leprosy, ON
fjall skin, OE fell id., OFris fell id., OS
fell id., OHG fel id. Identical with Gk acc.
pl. pllaw id., Lat pellis id. < *pel-n(B KZ XIX (1870) 409410). Cf.
also WGmc *feltaz > OE felt felt, MLG
lt id., OHG lz id. and *speltaz ~ *spelt
> OE masc. (?) spelt spelt, OS spelta
spelt, OHG spelza spelt. C Gr.
Et. 276 (*feltaz to Lat pilleus felt cap);
S KZ X 479481; H Waldbume 420 (*speltaz ~ *spelt to *spalanan);
S-N II 648 (*speltaz ~
*spelt to Lat pollen ne our, ne
powder < *(s)pdn); T-F 236
238; H AEEW 100; WH II 275276; F 503504;
P I 801803 (*feltaz to Lat pell
to beat, to push); V ANEW 123;
Z I 140; F II 499; O
349350, 852; L GED 114115;
K-S 258, 265, 776.
*fellnaz adj.: Goth lleins leathern, OE
fellen made of skin, OHG felln id.
Derived from *fellan. Structurally close to
Lat pellnus id. H AEEW 105;
W-H II 275; F 152;
L GED 114.
*felmaz sb.m.: OE lm skin, husk.
Derivationally close to Gk plma sole of
foot. Further related to *fellan. TF 235; H AEEW 100;
P I 803; F II 499500;
O 356.
*feluz ~ *felaz sb.m.: OE feld eld,
OFris feld id., OS feld id., OHG neut.
feld id. Continues *peltu-, a secondary
feluz
transformation of the original zero grade
*ptu-: Skt pth- broad, wide, Av p6r6yuid., Gk platw at. Related to *ful(n).
B 892893; T-F 237;
H AEEW 100; M
II 333; P I 806 (to *pel6- : *plwide), 833; V ANEW 137; Z II 199; F II 553554; O
354; B Nom. 155; KS 257.
*felu adv., adj.: Goth lu much, very, ON
fjl-auigr very rich, OE fela, feala, feola
many, much, OFris felo, ful id. (< *fulu),
OS lu id., OHG lu, lo id. Identical
with Skt pur- much, many, abundant,
Av pauru- much, many, Gk pol id.
O PBB XIII 444445; B 854855; T-F 235;
H AEEW 100; F 152153;
B Origines 54; M II
311; P 799800; V ANEW
125; F II 577578; L GED
116; B Nom. 262263;
K-S 864.
*felzan ~ *fel(e)zaz sb.n./m.: ON fjall
rock, mountain, OS felis id., OHG felis
rock, cli . Closely related to Gk plla:
lyow (Hes.) < *pelso-, OIr all cli, stone
< *pso- (V RC XXXVIII 184).
P I 807; V ANEW 123; F
II 499; K-S 258.
*fenfe num.: Goth mf ve, ON mm id.,
OE ff id., OFris ff id., OS ff id., OHG
mf id. From *fenxwe identical with Toch
A p, B pi id., Skt pca id., Av pana id.,
Arm hing id., Gk pnte id., Arm hing id.,
Alb pes ~ ps id., Lat qunque id., OIr cic
id., Lith penk id., Slav *p\t id. < *penkti-. S KZ XXXI 280 (to *fenraz);
P KZ XXXII 272, Kelt. Gr. I 37;
Z Gutt. 78; H IF XVIII 84;
B 844845; L JEGP
XXXVIII 192193; T-F 228;
T BSW 213; H
AEEW 104, AWN 61; W-H
II 407408; F 154; M II
187; P I 808; F 570;
V ANEW 120; Z II 206;
F II 506507; O 358; V-
fenra-ulan
98
*fenfe-faljan
*fenfe-fal( j)n
fenraz
*fenraz sb.m.: Goth ggrs nger, ON
99
fer(w)unjan
808809; M II 210211; V
ANEW 120; H Lingua XXXIV 229
234; F II 578579; O 356;
S 193194 (to *pet- to fall);
V-T III 413; L
GED 117; K-S 266.
*fer(e)rai ~ *fer(e)rt adv.: Goth fairra
far, ON fjarri id., OE feorr id., OFris fr
id., OS ferr, ferro id., OHG ferro id.
Derivative of IE *per- (Skt pr away,
o , Av par id.) similar to IE *up-ero(B IF XXXIII 300301).
G Got. 64 (comparative *ferizt); B 852853; T-F
231 (reconstruct *-ai); K Urgerm.
247; H AEEW 102; F 141;
M II 215; P I 811;
V ANEW 123; O 345; L
GED 107; K-S 259; A
TB 359 (identical with Toch A prne, B
parna outside < *pereno- < *perero- with
dissimilation).
*fer(e)rjanan wk.vb.: ON rra to deprive,
to save, OE a-rran to remove, to take
away, OFris ra id., OS rrian id., OHG
rren id. Derived from *fer(e)rai ~ *fer(e)rt.
T-F 231; V ANEW 121.
*fer(w)unjan ~ *fer(w)unj sb.n./f.:
Goth fairguni mountain, mountain
range, ON fjrgyn mother-earth, OE
rgen mountain, mountain-woodland,
OHG mtn. Fergunna. Identical with
(M ZDADL XXXII 454458) or borrowed from (K IF VII 284285)
Celt Erkniow drumw, Hercynia silva, cf.
further Lith perknas thunder god; thunder, OPrus Percunis thunder (G
DM I 156157). Derived from *ferxwuz.
S KZ I 155157; H IF I
479483 (same as M); Z Gutt.
130; Z ZDADL XIX 164166 (to
Skt Parjnya- raincloud, god of rain);
K Einleitung 81 (Celt < Gmc);
W BB XXVIII 89 (to Slav
*porg threshold, rapids and mnt. *pergyni); M PBB XXVI 282 (same as
K); F 137138; K GFL
7576 (Lith perknas < EGmc); M II 241242 (originally, the name of
fer(w)unjan
100
fernaz
fernaz
101
fetj
fetj
102
< *podo-, Gk pza foot, edge, Skt padyarelated to foot (B BB III 116).
Further connected with *fetan. TF 226; H AEEW 106;
P I 791; V ANEW 122; F
II 486; V W 82; KS 268.
*fetjjanan wk.vb.: ON tja to web, to
knit, MDu vitten to be suitable, OHG
zzn to surround. Derived from *fetj.
V ANEW 122.
*feturaz ~ *fetur(n) sb.m./f.: ON
fjturr fetter, shackle, OE fetor, feter id.,
OS pl. feteros id., OHG fezzara id. Derived
from *ftz (R KZ XXXVI 118).
T-F 226; H AEEW
103; T ZdPh LXX 354 (reconstructs
the original meaning as forked piece of
rewood); P I 792; V ANEW
127; Z I 174; O 352.
*feturjanan wk.vb.: ON fjtra to fetter,
OE e-feterian to fetter, to bind, OFris
teria to bind, MDu veteren id., OHG
fezzarn id. Derived from *feturaz ~
*fetur(n). H AEEW 102;
V ANEW 127.
*fera-xamaz ~ *fera-xamn sb.m.:
ON fjar-hamr winged haunch, OE feerhama wings, plumage, OS fedar-hamo id.
Compound of *fer and *xamaz, *xamn.
C Nom. comp. 47.
*ferjan sb.n.: ON ri feathers, plumage, OE ere wing, MDu ge-vedere plumage, OHG gi-federi id. Derived from
*fer. T-F 227; H
AEEW 106; V ANEW 119.
*fer( j)janan wk.vb.: ON ra to
feather, OE e-erian to give wings,
G be-edern to feather. Derived from
*ferjan, fer. T-F 227.
*fer sb.f.: ON fjr feather, OE feer id.,
OFris fethere id., OS feara id., OHG
federa id. Related to Hitt pattar wing,
Skt patar- ying, Gk ptern feather,
wing, OW peterin bird (P KZ
XXXII 245), further connected with *petto y. S Recueil 420 (from
*pet-tro-); T-F 226227; H AEEW 103; M II 199;
frjanan
ftjanan
103
fjnz
fjnz
104
aizn
akaz
105
auxz
auxz
106
(e)un
(e)un
107
uz
108
unrn
unrn
109
fljanan
friz
110
frajanan
frajanan
111
frankn
frastiz
112
frenanan
frenanan
113
frijaw
frija-xalsa-ebn
114
frijndz
frijndz
115
frkniz
frkniz
116
fulaz
fulaz
117
fulkan
fulka-wan
118
funxwstiz
funxwstiz
119
furxn
furx
120
fursk
fursk
121
zailinaz
*abiaz ~ *abuaz adj.: Goth gabigs
rich, ON gfugr worshipful, noble, OE
ie rich, OHG kepic id. Cf. OHG gebig
opulence. Derived from *ebanan.
S ZDADL XLIX 520; H
AEEW 128; F 175; V ANEW 198;
L GED 134.
*abn sb.f.: Goth gabei riches, opulence,
OHG kep id. Derived from *ebanan.
M Festschr. Jellinek 84 (from adj.
*abaz, furtherto *ebanan); B
PBB XII 416417 (from *a-ab-, to Lat
cpia crowd); K ZdWf VIII 28
(to Lat habe to have); F 175176;
zailinaz
122
ailjanan
ailjanan
123
alanan
alanan
124
almaz
almaz
125
aniz
*anaz sb.n.: ON gan frenzy, frantic gestures. Identical with Gk xnow yawning,
gaping. See *anjanan. P I 411;
F II 10761077.
*ananan tr.vb.: Goth gaggan to go,
ON ganga id., OE anan id., OFris gunga
id., OS gangan id., OHG gangan id.
Connected with *anaz. May be a back
formation based on *anjanan (P
147). Cf. also Lith egti to stride, to
march, Latv zet to trespass, to sin
(S ScSl VIII 162164). S
KZ I 150; H AEEW 123;
Z Gutt. 178, 200; T-F
124; F 181182, 288289; P
Gliederung 147; J IEW 343
344; P I 438; C
SGGJa I 76; V ANEW 156; S
213216; M KZ CXI 134142;
L Language XIX 318319, GED
137138.
*anaz I sb.m.: Goth neut. gagg street,
road, ON gangr going, walking, OE
an going, journey, way, OFris gang,
gong id., OS gang id., OHG gang id.
See *ananan. T-F 124; H AEEW 123; F 181; P
I 438; V ANEW 156; Z II
186; O 388; S 214; L
GED 138; M KZ CIX 76109;
K-S 297.
*anaz II adj.: OESc e-ganger legitimate, OE acc. sg. fela-eone having
travelled much, MLG gange passable, G
gang und gbe. See *ananan. H 229230.
*anilaz sb.m.: ON gengil-beina woman
with crooked legs, OE fter-enel successor, OHG fuoz-gengil pedestrian.
Derived from *aniz. H
AEEW 127; S 214.
*aniz adj.: ON gengr able to walk, OE
ene going, current, prevalent, OFris
gendze, ganse current, MDu genge id.,
OHG gengi id. Derived from *ananan.
K NB I 106107; T-F 124;
H AEEW 127; V ANEW
163; S 214; M Festschr.
Schrder 106; KZ CV 127; H
aniz
126
araz
araz
127
I 344; P I 444; F
135136; V ANEW 156; Z II
195; O 1018; B IEL 274;
T ESSJa VII 3738; L
GED 147148; K-S 300;
O AED 110; A TB 196.
*arjan sb.n.: ON geri fenced eld.
Derived from *araz. Derivationally
identical with Toch B kercc palace,
Phryg pln. Grdion (L Toch. 2122).
A TB 196,
*arn sb.m.: Goth garda enclosed yard,
stockyard, OFris garda land property,
OS gardo garden, OHG garto id. A morphological variant of *araz. TF 129; F 197; P I 444;
Z II 195; K-S 300.
*arnan sb.n.: ON garn yarn, OE earn
id., MLG garn id., OHG garn id. See
*arn. Z Gutt. 201; T-F
129; H AEEW 125126;
P I 443; V ANEW 157;
Z I 140; F II 1291;
O 1018; K-S 299
300.
*arn( j)a-wenn sb.f.: ON garn-vinda
skein of yarn, OE earn-winde reel
(masc.?), OFris jern-wine id., MLG garnwinde id., OHG garn-winta id. Compound
of *arn and *wenn. C Nom. comp.
(parallel formations).
*arn sb.f.: ON grn gut. Cf. WGmc
neut. *arnjan > OE myc-ern fat about
the kidneys, OS mid-garni internal fat,
OHG mitti-garni id. Identical with Lith
arn gut, Latv zarna intestine. Further
cf. Alb zorr id. < PAlb *drn with a
long * < *. T-F 129; T BSW 367; P I 787; F 1291; V ANEW 199; S LS
65; K-S 299; O AED
525526.
*arstaz ~ *arstiz adj.: ON gerstr sour,
dismal, MLG garst rancid, MHG garst
id. Identical with MIr goirt bitter <
*ghorsti-. T-F 130; P I
445 (to Lith grasts menace, threat, grass
causing weariness based on gresi, grEsti
to menace, to threaten); F 166
astiz
astiz
128
aum( j)(n)
aum( j)(n)
129
azaz
azaz
130
H I 636; F 213; S
ArL V 121 (to Umbr hostatu armed with
a spear); P I 412413; V
ANEW 151; Z I 131; O
384; B IEL 324; L GED
154155; K-S 317.
*ebanan str.vb.: Goth giban to give, ON
gefa id., OE ifan id., OFris ieva id., OS
geban id., OHG geban id. Related to Lat
habe to hold, to have, OIr gaibid to
take continuing IE *ghabh- (B BB XXVII 181). In Germanic,
*ebanan substitutes IE *d-. The original vocalism of *ghabh- was adapted to
the Gmc strong verb system. L
KZ V 398 (to Lith gabnti to carry);
M IF XXXV 234235; Z
Gutt. 173; T-F 125126; K Glotta XIX 208 (*-e- in *ebanan
inuenced by *nemanan); F 214; H AEEW 128; W-H I
630631; J IEW 186189;
P I 408; V ANEW 160;
Z I 150; O 399; S
217219; L GED 155; KS 303.
*eba-stlaz sb.m.: ON gjaf-stll throne,
OE if-stl id. Compound of *eb and
*stlaz. C Nom. comp. 54.
*eb(e)ln sb.m.: Goth gibla gable, MLG
gevel id., OHG gibil id. Cf. also OS gibilla
skull, gable, OHG gibilla id. and ON ga
gable-end, gable. Related to Toch A
pl head, Gk kefal id., Maced
gabaln: gkfalon kefaln, Hes.,
Thrac theon. Gebelziw (S Kl.
Schr. 261). See *ablaz ~ *abl. K
KZ I 136 (to Lat gabalus); Z Gutt.
217; T-F 126; F 214; T
ZDADL LXXVI 1344, ZdPh LXX
356357; S Kl. Schr. 252, 261;
D Thr. 100; P Gliederung
186; P I 423; V RC XL
436; C SGGJa I 110; V
ANEW 152; F I 835; B
Word X 255256; L GED 155;
K-S 323324; A TB
642643.
*eb sb.f.: Goth giba gift, ON gjf id.
elanan
elanan
131
elwaz
IEW 382385; P I 428 (to Gk
xlidvn swallow); V ANEW 169
elwaz
132
estraz
estraz
133
nan
nan
134
I 426; P I 418419;
O 403; S 216217 (to Gk
kixnv to reach, to hit, Skt med. jhte);
L GED 138; K-S
307.
*tiz adj.: ON -gtr famous, excellent,
OE or-ete plausible. Derived fom *etanan. K NB I 100; H
AEEW 130; V ANEW 198; S
227; M Festschr. Schrder 102, KZ
CV 112; H 243.
*tjanan wk.vb.: ON gta to watch,
to tend, OFris gta, gta to observe.
Derived from *tiz. N ANF III
16 (from *a-axtjan); K ANF XIII 164
(follows N); F-T ND 321
(directly from *etanan); T-F 121
(reconstruct *awatjanan, to *awnan);
V ANEW 197198.
*inan wk.vb.: OHG gin to strive, to
aspire. Related to Toch B ky- to open
wide, Lat hi to open, to be open, to
gape, Lith iju, iti to open mouth,
Slav *zj, *zjati id. P Beitrge
318 (OE iscian to sob compared to
Lat hsc to open, to gape, to yawn);
T-F 133; T BSW 368;
W-H I 647648; P I
419422; F 1312; S 220;
V-T II 98; L
GED 104; A TB 153.
*ilan ~ *il sb.n./f.: ON gil deep narrow glen with a stream at bottom, MDu
giel open mouth, OHG gil hernia.
Derived from *inan. Z Gutt.
203; V ANEW 166.
*imiz sb.f.: ON gymbr ewe lamb of a year
old, OFrank in-gimus one winter old animal. From the zero grade of the word
for winter, cf. Skt him- winter, cold,
Gk ds-ximow stormy, wintery, Lat bmus
two years old < *bi-himus. See *mz.
Z apud V (secondary
ON -y-); T-F 127; WH I 106; P I 425; V
ANEW 196.
*inan sb.n.: ON gin mouth (of beasts),
OE in gap, opening, abyss, OHG witum
ginun vasto ore. Derived from *nanan.
nanan
nanan
135
laumaz
laumaz
136
lwan
lwan
137
naanan
naanan
138
ljanan
ljanan
139
ramaz
ramaz
140
raupiz
raupjanan
141
reutan
H AEEW 137; H
258.
*renan sb.n.: Goth grinda-frajis fainthearted, ligcuxow, OE e-rind grinding, rubbing together, noise, commotion,
OHG grint impetigo, scab (masc.).
Derived from *renanan. F 222; S 240.
*renanan tr.vb.: OE rindan to grind.
Identical with Lat frend to rub away,
to gnash (F KZ XVIII 313),
Lith grndiu, grsti to rub, to scrape
(Z Gutt. 177). P Wurzelerw.
7273 (follows F); T-F
140; S HL 187; T BSW
9697; H AEEW 137138;
W-H I 545546; P I
459; C SGGJa I 71; F
167; O 414; S 240; L
GED 160.
*reniz sb.f.: ON grind lattice-door,
gate. Close to Slav *gr\da beam, cf. also
Lith grind oor board, plank (L KZ XXXVII 182184; W IF
XIX 99). Z Gutt. 176; P
KZ XXXVIII 394; T-F 140;
T BSW 98; T NGWG NF
III/4 93 (to *runaz); P I 459;
F 170171; V ANEW 189;
T ESSJa VII 120122.
*reunan sb.n.: ON grjn groats, OE ren
sand, MLG grn grain of sand, sea
sand, MHG grien sand. Probably related to Gk aor. n-exrae to scrape, W
gro sand. T-F 145; H
AEEW 137; P I 460; V
ANEW 190; F II 11151116.
*reutan sb.n.: ON grjt stone, gravel,
OE ret sand, dust, OFris grt sand,
gravel, OS griot id. (masc.), OHG grioz id.
(masc.). Derived from *reutanan. Related
to Latv grauds grain, Lith grodas frost,
frozen street dirt, Slav *gruda ~ *grud
lump, heap reecting IE *ghroud(h)o-.
Cf. also *rautaz. Z Deutsch. 407
(derived the tribal name Greotingi from
here); S GE 7 (follows Z);
Z Gutt. 176; T-F 145; B
RFV LXXI 468; F 221; H
reutan
142
ripiz
ripiz
143
rnjanan
rnjanan
144
u(a)-xsan
grundu-waddjus foundation-wall, ON
grunnr bottom, grur (< *runaz), grund
eld (< fem. *runiz), grunn shallow,
shoal (< *grunan), OE rund ground,
bottom, OFris grund id., OS grund id.,
OHG grunt id. Continues *ghr-tu- based
on *ghren-: Gk xranv to touch slightly,
to smear, cf. in particular Lith p-grindas
lake bottom. S KZ XXXVII 322
(to Lith grindis oor-board); H KZ
LI 18; U PBB XXVII 121 (to
Gk xraw gravel); T-F 146 (to
Lith griMsti to sink); H AEEW
139; F 222223; P I 459;
V ANEW 191 (to *reniz); Z
II 200; F II 1115; O 416; L GED 161 (to *renanan); B Nom. 158; K-S 341.
*rustaz sb.m.: OE rost gristle. Close to
Lith grauzds huge and shapeless. Cf.
WGmc derivative *rustilaz ~ *rustil >
OE ristel gristle, OFris gristel id., MLG
gristel id., OHG grustila id. H
AEEW 137, 139; P I 461;
F 170; O 415.
*rbnan wk.vb.: ON grfa to grovel, to
crouch, G dial. grben to crouch of cold.
Related to *rubaz, *rubiljanan. V
ANEW 191 (to Gk grupw hook-nosed).
*rtan sb.n.: Norw dial. grt sediment,
OE rt ne meal, EFris grt sediment, MLG grt a kind of ferment.
Related to *rautaz. T-F 145;
H AEEW 139; V ANEW
185.
*u(a)-furxtaz adj.: Goth guda-faurhts
God-fearing, OE god-fyrht id., OS godforoht id. Cf. MHG gote-vorhtec id. Compound of *uz ~ *uaz and *furxtaz.
F 223; C Nom. comp. 88 (parallel
formations); L GED 111, 165.
*u(a)-xsan sb.n.: Goth gud-hus temple, ON goa-hs id. If not a calque of
Lat domus Dei (K KZ XXXIX
542), a compound of *uz ~ *uaz and
*xsan. M MSN VII 271; S IF XXIX 181, XXVII 156157;
F 223; C Nom. comp. 69 (parallel
formations); L GED 161.
u(a)-lausaz
145
*u(a)-wabjaz ~ *u(a)-wabjan
sb.m./n.; Goth *godawabi silk (reconstructed from Slav *godovabj silk), ON
gu-vefr good weaving, OE od-web precious fabric, OS godo-webbi id., OHG
gota-webbi id. Compound of *uz ~
*uaz and *wabjaz ~ *wabjan.
apud P 88; B I 316; C
Nom. comp. 48; V-T I 426.
*uaz adj.: Goth af-gus godless, Norw
dial. av-gud godless person, OFris sbst.
af-god idol, OS sbst. af-god idol, OHG
sbst. ab-got idol. Derivative of *uz ~
*uaz (L GED 4). U
BB XXX 253254; F 5; LS I 24; K-S 5.
*u( j)n sb.m.: Goth gudja priest, ON
goi id. Derived from *uz ~ *uaz.
O BB XXIV 197200 (semantic
analysis); T-F 136; FEIST 224,
ANF XXXV 264265; V ANEW 181;
L GED 161.
*u(z) ~ *uaz sb.n./m.: Goth gup
God, ON go, gu id. (traces of s-stem in
pl.), OE od id., OFris god id., OS god id.,
OHG masc. got id. (traces of s-stem in
pl.). Masc. forms are secondary. From
*hu-t()- libated one derived from *heuto pour (P Origines 659661; B
BB VII 79). The alternative connection
with *heu- to call, to invoke (O
Morph. Unt. IV 8485, BB XXIV 191
194) and derivation from *hut()- (<
*ht()- according to Ds law) might
be supported by the comparison with
Toch A kt, B akte god < *ni-htoone called down (N KZ XCIV
267269). Cf. further OIr guth voice <
*hutu-. R Einwirk. 338 (to *az
or to Gk keyv to hide or from Pers
xudy); S KZ I 157; E KZ V
236 (to keyv); M KZ VII 1218
(to Skt jyuti- light); L BB XXI 97;
ulan
ulan
146
uraz
uraz
147
xabiaz
x
*xaban I sb.n.: ON haf sea, OE heaf sea,
water, OFris hef sea, MLG haf id.,
MHG hab sea, haven. Derived from
*xafjanan. Historically identical with
*xaban II. S BB XX 13 (to OIr
can haven, sea < *kopno-); T-F
72; H AEEW 144; P I
528; V ANEW 201; Z I 140.
*xaban II sb.n.: ON upp-haf beginning,
OHG ur-hab cause, reason. Derived
from *xafjanan. S 244.
*xaban III adj.: ON hand-ha having
in hand, OHG un-gi-hab poor, insignicant. Derived from *xabnan. H AEEW 147; K 69;
H 263.
*xaban sb.f.: ON hfn haven, OE hfen
id., MLG havene id., MHG habene id.
Based on *xaban I. Derivationally close
xabiaz
148
*xabua-lausaz ~ *xaubua-lausaz
adj.: ON hfu-lauss headless, OE hefodles id., OFris hved-ls id., MLG hvet-ls
id., MHG houbet-ls id. Compound of
*xabuan, *xaubuan and *lausaz. C
Nom. comp. 89 (parallel formations).
xa(i)nn
xa(i)nn
149
xaaz
xaaz
150
xaiaz
xairaz
151
xailaz
D Thr. 551; M I
264; P I 519520; C
SGGJa I 100; V ANEW 210; L GED 169; H 267.
*xailaaz adj.: Goth hailags holy (on the
Petroassa ring), ON heilagr id., OE hli
id., OFris hlich id., OS hlag id., OHG
heilag id. Derived from *xailaz II. O
PBB XLV 102112; Z Gutt. 105;
T-F 65; H AEEW 148;
F 232; P I 520; V ANEW
218; O 445; S Goten 219
223; B IEL 452; L GED
169; H 268; K-S
365.
*xailajanan wk.vb.: ON helga to make
holy, OE hlgian id., OFris hligia id., OS
hlagn id., OHG heilgn id. Derived
from *xailaaz. H AEEW
148; V ANEW 221; O 424.
*xaila-wanjaz adj.: ON sbst. heil-indi
health, OE hl-wende conducive to
health, healing, OHG sbst. heil-ant
savior. Compound of *xailaz II and
*wanjaz (see *wanjanan). H
AEEW 148; C Nom. comp. 60; V
ANEW 218.
*xailaz I sb.n.: Crim.-Goth iel good,
health, ON heill good luck, omen, OE
hl omen, auspice, OS heil health,
luck, OHG heil id. Substantivized
*xailaz II. Close to W coel sign, omen.
Z Gutt. 105; H AEEW
144; F 290; P I 520;
Z II 223; V ANEW 218;
L GED 169; H 267.
*xailaz II adj.: Goth hails healthy, ON
heill whole, healed, OE hl whole, well,
sound, OFris hl unhurt, whole, unharmed, OS hl unhurt, unharmed,
OHG heil whole, healthy, unscathed.
Related to W coel sign, omen, OPrus
kails healthy, Slav *cl whole. The
words for health derived from here (OE
hlu id., OS hli id., OHG heila, heil id.)
probably explain the further derivation of
the noun for brain: ON heili brain,
OFris hli, hl, heila id. P KZ V
3738; Z Gutt. 105; K NB II
xailaz
152
266; G BB XXVII (to Osc kala temple); T-F 65; W MLN XXIX
71 (ON heili to Skt kh tuft of hair);
S KZ LXIV 21; M NTS
XI 288; F 232; H AEEW
145, 148; B HG 6879; P
Gliederung 141142; P I 520;
C SGGJa I 68; V ANEW
218 (ON heili to MIr coeln intestine);
Z II 223; O 1005; B
Festschr. Eggers 2125; S LS 25, 81;
B IEL 451452, 468; T
PJa III 136143; L GED 169
170; T ESSJa III 179180;
B Nom. 249; H
267268.
*xailesjanan wk.vb.: ON heilsa to
greet, OE hlsian to foretell, OHG heilisn id. Cf. also ON heilla to bewitch <
*xailzjanan. Derived from *xailes based
on *xailaz. Z Gutt. 105; H AEEW 145; J IEW
176; P I 520; V ANEW
218; B IEL 451; L
GED 170.
*xaili sb.f.: OGutn haildir damages,
OHG heilida health. Derived from *xailjanan or *xailaz. H 268.
*xailjanan wk.vb.: Goth hailjan to heal,
OSwed hela id., OE hlan id., OFris hla
id., OS hlian id., OHG heilen id. Derived
from *xailaz. Structurally close to Slav
*cliti id. H AEEW 144;
F 232; P Gliederung 141; V
ANEW 218; O 432; T
ESSJa III 178; L GED 169
170; H 268; K-S
365.
*xailnjanan wk.vb.g: Goth ga-hailnan to
be healed, to recover, OGutn hailna to
heal. Derived from *xailaz. F 183;
H 268.
*xaima-far sb.f.: ON heim-fr return
home, OE hm-faru forcible entry into a
house. Compound of *xaimaz ~ *xaim
and *far. C Nom. comp. 81 (parallel
formations).
*xaimai ~ *xaimt adv.: ON heima at
home, home, OS hme id., OHG heim id.
xaimjanan
xaimjanan
153
xaiina-maz
xaiinaz
154
xalbaz
xalbaz
155
xalja-rn(n)
xalja-wtjan
156
xalsaz
xalsaz
157
id., OHG hals id. Together with Lat collus, collum id. and MIr coll head, chief
continues IE *kolso- (F ANF XLI
120). No traces of the initial *k- in Gmc
(N IF IV 320321). S KZ
XXXIV 547 (follows N); S IF
XII 187 (on the Irish form); T Festschr. Noreen 257; Z
Gutt. 50, 106; T-F 82; H AEEW 151; W-H I
245; F 241242; K SuV 75;
P Gliederung 113; P I 639
640; C SGGJa I 88; V
ANEW 206; Z I 132; L
GED 175; K-S 351.
*xalsjan sb.n.: ON helsi collar, MHG
helse id. Derived from *xalsaz. V
ANEW 221.
*xalsjanan wk.vb.: ON hlsa to embrace, OS helsian id., OHG halsn, halsn
id. Derived from *xalsaz. V ANEW
206.
*xaltaz adj.: Goth halts crippled, lame,
ON haltr id., OE healt id., OFris halt
id., OS halt id., OHG halz id. Related to
Arm ka lame, Gk kelln: strebln,
plgion (Hes.), OIr coll destruction,
ruin. Z Gutt. 107; T-F
84; F 242243; H AEEW
152; K NB I 41; S IF
XXV 67 (to Lat claudus lame); WH I 231 (to Skt khoa- limping,
lame, Lat claudus); S 130 (to Russ
koldyka lame person); T Holz 49 (to
*xultan); P I 547; C
SGGJa I 85; V ANEW 206; O
425; L GED 175 (from *kel-,
*kld- to strike; original meaning in
Gmc: *broken bones); H
275276.
*xaltn sb.f.: ON helti lameness, OFris
strump-helte lameness cause by mutilation, OS spuri-helti limping, OHG srhalz disability caused by injury. Derived
from *xaltaz. H 276.
*xaltjanan wk.vb.: ON heltask to become
halt, OHG ir-helzen to lame. Derived
from *xaltaz. H 276.
*xalaz adj.: ON hallr sloping, leaning to
xamaljanan
xamaljanan
158
xam(u)laz
xam(u)laz
159
xanuz
xanjanan
160
xanxuz
xanxuz
161
xarn
xarn
162
Vok. II 25 (to Russ pl. *kortyki shouldersbut this form does not exist);
H PBB XXIII 351 (to Lat cartilag
cartilage); Z Gutt. 115 (follows
S); T-F 78 (follow
S); L JEGP XXXII 293 (to IE
*sker- to cut); V ANEW 223.
*xarjanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-hardjan to
harden, ON hera to temper (of iron), to
clench, to fasten, OE hyrdan to make
hard, OFris herda to strengthen, OS herdian id., OHG herten to harden. Derived
from *xaruz. H AEEW 159;
F 246; V ANEW 223; O
427; L GED 177; H
281.
*xart adv.: ON hara very, OE hearde
severely, very much, OFris herde very,
MLG herde id., OHG harto id. Derived
from *xaruz. L GED 177.
*xaru-xertaz adj.: Goth deriv. harduhairtei hard-heartedness, OE heard-heort
id. Compound of *xaruz and *xertn.
F 246; L GED 177.
*xaru-lkaz adj.: ON har-ligr hard,
severe, OE heard-lc id., OHG hart-lh
tenacious. Derived from *xaruz. H 281.
*xaru-raz adj.: ON har-rr hard in
counsel, tyrannical, OE heard-rd steadfast, rm. Compound of *xaruz and
*raz. C Nom. comp. 95 (parallel
formations).
*xaruz adj.: Goth hardus hard, ON
harr id., OE heard hard, austere, stern,
rm, OFris adv. herde rmly, very, OS
hard hard, OHG hart id. Related to
Lith karts bitter, Slav *kort-k short.
K NB II 361362; Z
Gutt. 109; M Etudes II 325; TF 78; F 246247; H
AEEW 152; W-P I 354;
P I 531; C SGGJa
I 109; F 225; F II 910;
V ANEW 210211; O 427;
B IEL 366367; S MSS
XXXIV 169170 (on the comparison
with Gk kratw strong); T
ESSJa XI 104; L GED 177;
xari-wiz
B Nom. 262; H
280282; K-S 358.
*xarfaz sb.m.: ON prop. Harfr, Swed harv
harrow. Related to Gk karpw fruit,
krpion sickle, Lat carp to pick, to
pluck, MIr corrn sickle. T-F
79; W-H I 172173; T
Holz 70; P I 944; V ANEW
211; F I 792793.
*xari-fariz sb.f.: ON her-fer military
expedition, OFris here-ferd id., OS herevart id., OHG heri-fart id. Compound of
*xariz ~ *xarjaz and *fariz. C Nom.
comp. 73 (parallel formations).
*xari-fulkan sb.n.: ON her-flk men of
war, OE here-folc people forming an
army, OFris hiri-folk men of war. Compound of *xariz ~ *xarjaz and *fulkan.
C Nom. comp. 49.
*xari-xurnan sb.n.: ON her-horn trumpet, OHG heri-horn id. Compound of
*xariz ~ *xarjaz and *xurnan. C Nom.
comp. 83 (parallel formations).
*xari-mannz sb.m.: ON her-mar warrior, OE here-mann soldier, MDu herman id., OHG heri-man id. Compound of
*xariz ~ *xarjaz and *mannz. C Nom.
comp. 49.
*xari-skeluz ~ *xari-skeliz sb.m.:
ON her-skjldr war-shield (if not from
MLG), MLG her-schilt id., MHG herschilt shield as a sign of a levy. Compound of *xariz ~ *xarjaz and *skeluz ~
*skeliz. C Nom. comp. 73 (parallel
formations).
*xari-skipan sb.n.: ON her-skip warship,
OHG heri-skif id. Compound of *xariz ~
*xarjaz and *skipan. C Nom. comp. 83
(parallel formations).
*xari-weaz sb.m.: ON her-vegr war
path, OE here-we highway, OFris herewei war path, MLG her-wech id., MHG
her-wec id. Compound of *xariz ~ *xarjaz
and *weaz. C Nom. comp. 49.
*xari-wiz sb.f.: ON pl. her-vir
armor, OE here-wd id. Cf. also MLG
neut. here-wde id. Compound of *xariz ~
*xarjaz and *wiz. C Nom. comp. 73
(parallel formations).
xari-wpnan
163
xarpn
xarpn
164
xatalaz
xatalaz
165
xauxa-lkaz
*xauxa-beran
*xauxa-beraz
xauxa-lkaz
166
xaupaz
xaupaz
167
H AEEW 152; P I
590591 (thinks of a separate IE *keub-),
591; F 231; Z I 132;
O 432; S LS 27 (to Lith kaUbras
hill); T ESSJa XIII 107108;
K-S 360.
*xausaz sb.m.: ON hauss skull. Identical
with Skt ka- cupboard, treasury, Lith
kuas skull, laddle, scoop (H BB
XXIV 278). J IF XIX 125
133; Z Gutt. 111; M I
273; P I 953; F 231232;
V ANEW 214.
*xauzjanan ~ *xausjanan wk.vb.:
Goth hausjan to hear, ON heyra id., OE
hran id., OFris hra id., OS hrian id.,
OHG hren id. Related to Gk kov to
note, kov to hear with unclear
- (D KZ XVI 271), Lat caue
to take heed. See *skawwjanan. G Got. 111 (preposition *x- and
main stem *ausjanan); Z Gutt. 206;
T-F 66; H AEEW 159;
W-H I 186187; F 251
252; P I 587588; F I 890
891; V ANEW 226; O 433;
L GED 180181; K-S
383.
*xawjanan wk.vb.: ON heyja to execute,
to perform, OE hean to perform.
Probably connected with *xawwanan.
Z Gutt. 122 (to Gk skeow vessel,
implement, Slav *kutiti ); T-F 66;
H AEEW 158; V ANEW
226; V W I 237238 (to Toch
A ktsets nished, perfect, B ktsaitse old).
*xawwan sb.n.: ON hgg stroke, blow,
OE e-hew striking together, gnashing.
Derived from *xawwanan. H
AEEW 153; V ANEW 280; S
251.
*xawwanan str.vb.: ON hggva to strike,
to smite, OE hewan to cut, to hew,
OFris hwa id., OS pret. ga-hio id., OHG
houwan id. Related to Toch A ko-, B kauto kill, Lat cd to strike, Lith kuju,
kuti id., Slav *kuj, *kovati to forge
(B KZ XIX (1870) 414). H BB
XXIV 276; Z Gutt. 122; M
xazwaz
xazwaz
168
xeln
xemena-kunaz
169
xerjaz
xerjaz
170
xerraz
xerraz
171
xewjan
xewjan
172
xinan
xinan
173
xlaibaz
xlaibaz
174
xlankiz
xlankjanan
175
xlemmanan
xleumn
176
xlian
xlian
177
xlanan
xlanan
178
xltraz
xltraz
179
H I 239240; F 264265;
H AEEW 164; P I 607;
F 10101011; F I 876877;
L GED 188; H 297
298; K-S 507.
*xltrn sb.f.: Goth hlutrei purity, OHG
hlutar sincerity, clarity. Derived from
*xltraz. F 264; L GED 188;
H 298.
*xnaiwaz adj.: Goth hnaiws low, OE
hnh bent, low. Derived from *xnwanan. H AEEW 166; F
265; S 266; L GED 188;
H 298.
*xnaiwjanan wk.vb.: Goth hnaiwjan to
make low, to humble, ON hneigja to
bow, to bend, to incline, OE hnan
to cause to bow, to bring low, OHG
hneigen to bow. Derived from *xnaiwaz
or *xnwanan. T-F 98; H AEEW 165; F 265; V
ANEW 242; L GED 188; S
266267; H 298.
*xnaikjanan wk.vb.: Icel hneikja to strike,
to kick, OE hncan to kill, OHG neihhen
to sacrice. Implies unattested str. *xnkjanan of unknown etymology. Cf. *xnaitjanan. H AEEW 165; V
ANEW 243 (to Gk po-knav to scrape,
to rub o ).
*xnaisjanan wk.vb.: ON hneisa to disgrace, MHG nesen to torment. Related
to *xnaisn > ON hneisa disgrace, shame.
Cf. *xnaitjanan. S Language III
170 (to *naitjanan); V ANEW 242.
*xnaitjanan wk.vb.: ON hneita to cut, to
wound (?), MLG neten to strike, OHG
neizen to oppress, to exhaust, to destroy.
Causative of *xntanan. On the other
hand, cf. *naitjanan. V ANEW 242
243.
*xnakkaz ~ *xnakkn sb.m.: ON
hnakki occiput, nape, MLG nacke, necke
id., OHG nac, nacko id. Related to Toch
A kuk neck, nape. Another ablaut grade
is probably represented in Skt akh
conch, Gk kgxow id., kgxh id. <
*onkho-. Z Gutt. 207; T-F
97 (to OIr cnoc hill); H AEEW
xneuanan
xneuanan
180
xntanan
xntanan
181
xfjanan
xfjanan
182
xrabnaz
xrabnaz
183
xraiwan
xraiwan
184
xratjanan
xraaz
185
xrenaz
B Nom. 239; H
306; K-S 690.
*xrazn sb.f.: ON hrnn wave, OE hrn
waves, tide. Identical with Gk krnh
spring, fountain (S MSL 1889
119), Alb krua ~ krue id. < PAlb *kresn
(C I 50). P IF XXIV
46 (to *xreusanan); K NB XXIX 113;
T-F 104; H AEEW
146; V ANEW 264 (to *xrzjanan);
F II 16; O AED 198.
*xrefaz sb.n.: OE hrif womb, belly, OFris
hrif, href id., OHG href id. Related to Skt
kp shape, beautiful appearance, Lat corpus body, MIr cr body < *kpes. Cf. an
interesting derivative ON hriingr a kind
of shoe < *xrefalinaz with a semantic
development similar to Slav *ervik
shoe < *ervo belly (S RFV
LXXI 444). W IF XXVIII 123
124 (to Lith krepti to turn); Z Gutt.
53, 125 (ON to Lat carpisculus a kind of
shoe, OPrus kurpe shoe); T-F
103 (ON to Gk krhpw high boot, halfboot); H AEEW 174; WH I 277278; M I 260;
P I 620; V ANEW 255 (ON
to Lith krp shoe); O 575.
*xrenanan str.vb.: ON hrinda to kick,
to push, to throw, OE pret. sg. rand id.
Probably related to Lith kratas steep
bank, krent, krsti to fall, Slav *krt
steep (Z Gutt. 123). T-F
102 (to Gk krtow clapping); H AEEW 174; J IEW
272; P I 621; V ANEW
256; V-T II 387 (against
Z); S 273 (to *xrewwanan);
T Etim. 1978 67.
*xrenaz sb.m.: Crim. Goth. rinck ring,
circle, ON hringr id., OE hrin id., OFris
hring id., OS hring id., OHG hring id.
Related to Slav *kr\g mountain ridge <
*krengho-, *krg circle < *krongho-, *kr\
stump, mountain ridge < *krengho(M 142, Z KZ XX 132).
W IF XVIII 11; Z Gutt.
125, 178; T-F 102; H
AEEW 174; F 398; S KZ
xrenaz
186
xrewwanan
xrewwanan
187
xrsan
xrsan
188
xraz
xraz
189
xrussan
xrussan
190
xujanan
xujanan
191
xulniz
xulniz
192
xuml(n)
xuml(n)
193
xunrjanan
xunruz
194
xurxwaz
anan.
T-F 70; H
AEEW 179; F 277; L GED
196; B Nom. 58.
*xupiz sb.m.: Goth hups hip, OE hype id.,
MLG hup id., OHG fem. huf id. Close to
Gk kbow hollow above the hips on cattle, W gogof hollow, den (< *upo-kub).
Z Gutt. 208; T-F 9394;
H AEEW 184; F 277278;
P I 589590; F II 3940;
Z II 176; O 441; L
GED 196; B Nom. 130 (to
Lat cubre to lie); K-S 386.
*xuppjanan wk.vb.: ON hoppa to hop,
to skip, OE hoppian to hop, to leap,
MLG huppen id., MHG hupfen, hopfen id.
Derived from *xupiz. P IF II
304; Z Gutt. 121; T-F 94 (to
Gk kubistv to tumble head foremost);
H AEEW 170; V ANEW
248249; O 447; S Festschr.
de Smet 411417 (*xup(n) > OE hopa
hope, OFris hope id., MLG hope id. is
from *xuppjanan); K-S 389.
*xuriz ~ *xuriz sb.f.: Goth haurds
door, ON hur id., OE hyrd id., OS hurth
netting, OHG hurd, hurt lattice, fence.
Etymologically identical with Lat crtis
wicker-work and related to Skt ktti to
twist, to spin, OPrus corto fence and the
like. Z Gutt. 111; T-F 77;
S-N II 557; H
AEEW 184; F 250; W-H
I 285286; M I 257; P
I 584; V ANEW 267268; Z
I 151; O 453; L GED 179
180; K-S 389.
*xurxwaz ~ *xurxwan sb.m./n.: ON
horr mucus, OE horh, hor phlegm,
rheum, OS horu excrements, dirt, OHG
horo id. Of imitative origin. M
ZDADL XLII 169 (to OIr corcach
swamp); L SVSU VI/1 50 (to Skt
kalk- paste, dirt, sin); Z Gutt. 72,
109; T-F 95; H AEEW
170; S Kl. Schr. 113 (to Lith ivas
grey); K KZ LXIV 130136
(to Gk krxnow rough excrescence
and its cognates); S KZ LXIV 136
xurxwaz
195
xusn
xuzan
196
xsan
xsan
197
xwalbaz
xwalbjanan
198
xwassn
xwat
199
xwewlan
xwewlan
200
O 1001; A TB 200; B
IFTJa 241242.
*xwekjanan wk.vb.: ON hvika to quail,
to shrink, to waver, MDu wicken to
move back and forth. Of descriptive
origin. H BB XXIV 253 (to Slav
*eznti to disappear); Z Gutt. 58
(to Lat conquinsc to bend, to squat),
197; T-F 114115; V ANEW
272.
*xwelbanan str.vb.: ON part. holnn to
curve, OFris bi-wolven obrutus (hap.
leg.), MHG pret. sg. walb to expand. See
*xwalban ~ *xwalbn. T-F 117;
J IEW 263; P I 630;
V ANEW 247; S 281.
*xwellanan str.vb.: Icel hvella to ring
out, OE hwelan to roar, to bellow. Probably related to Toch B kul bell (A
TB 185). T-F 116; H
AEEW 180; V ANEW 271 (to *xwelpaz); H 318.
*xwellaz adj.: ON hvellr shrilling, thrilling, OHG hwel importunate. Derived
from *xwellanan. K NB II 219;
Z Gutt. 49, 57; T-F 116;
H 318.
*xwelpaz sb.m.: ON hvelpr whelp, OE
hwelp id., OS hwelp id., OHG neut. welf
id. A phonetically irregular development
of IE *g elbh-: Skt grbha- womb, Av
gar6va- id., Gk delfw id. The Germanic
form appears to reect a consonantally
shifted *k elb-. S ANT 1718;
Z Gutt. 57; S ZdPh
XXXVII 393394; T-F 117 (to
Gk sklaj cub, puppy); SN II 336 (to Lat uolps fox <
*g olpi-); H AEEW 181; M I 329; P I 473; V
ANEW 271 (to *xwellanan); F I 363;
Z I 133; O 1001; KS 884.
*xweraz sb.m.: ON hverr cauldron, OE
hwer kettle, pot, OHG hwer, wer cauldron. Related to Toch B ker drum, Skt
car- vessel, pot, OIr coire kettle, W pair
id., Corn pr id. Z Gutt. 57;
T-F 116; H AEEW
xwernn
xwernn
201
xwtaz
xwtaz
202
xwtjanan
i
B Festschr. Kretschmer 1011; TF 23; T APSpr. 296, BSW 3;
H AEEW 187; S KZ
LXVI 5657 (taboo term); P Gliederung 202; P I 292; Z I
133; T PJa I 59; T
ESSJa VIII 213214; L GED 204;
K-S 394.
*iz pron.: Goth is he, ON es id., OFris er
id., OS es, is id., OHG er id. Related to
Skt y- who, which, Av y id., OPhryg
yos id., Lat is this, Lith js he, Slav *j
this. Neut. *it (Goth ita it, OS it id.,
OHG iz id.) is identical with Lat neut.
id this. B 11991227;
T-F 27; W-P I 96
98; W-H I 720721; F
296; M III 8; P I 283;
F 194; V ANEW 105; T ESSJa VIII 204205; L
GED 207208; O Phrygian 469470;
K-S 227 (from IE *eis).
*iiz sb.f.: ON i deed, doing. Derivationally close to Skt it- going, walking,
further to *ei- to go. T-F 27;
P I 293295.
*iura(n) adv.: ON iur-mltr of a meter
repeating the same syllable, MDu ederkauwen to repeat over and over. Identical
with Lat iterum again derived from *i-tero-:
Skt tara- other. T-F 27; WH I 723724; P I 284.
*iilaz ~ iulaz sb.m.: ON gull hedgehog, ru (with secondary lengthening),
OE iil hedgehog, OS igil id., OHG igil
id. The name of a prickly animal or sh
is etymologically identical with the isolated Slav *jgla needle < *ighul and,
probably, OPrus ayculo < *eighul. On the
other hand, it could be inuenced by the
continuants of IE *ehi- hedgehog.
F KZ I 498 (to *ealaz); P
KZ VI 185186; W Ostg. 144 (adds
Goth PN Igila); F BB XXIX 237;
xwaz
204
jainaz
id., OE sern, sen id., OFris sern, rsen id.,
OS sarn id., OHG sarn, san id. Borrowed from Celtic: Gaul isarno-dori ferrei
ostii, OIr arn, W haiarn, OCorn hoern,
Bret houarn (T apud F).
J BB XVIII 17 (to *aizan);
N ANF IV 110; T-F 28;
H AEEW 189; F 131;
P I 300, KZ XLVI 292 (from
Illyrian); V ANEW 287; Z I
141; O 485; L GED 99;
K-S 213.
*sarna-naln
*sarna-nalaz
j
*ja ptcl.: Goth ja, jai yes, ON j id. (with
jainaz
205
jexwlaz
jexwlaz
206
F 301302; O 1021; L
GED 211.
*jekilaz ~ *jekulaz sb.m.: ON jkull icicle, OE icel id., OFris itsil spur, OS
ichilla stiria. Derived from *jekn. F
KZ I 11 (to Lith yi oe); T-F
328; H AEEW 142; V
ANEW 294; O 459.
*jekn sb.m.: ON jaki icicle, LG s-jack
id., G dial. jch hoar-frost. Related to
Hitt eka- cold, frost, ice, MIr aig ice
< *agi-. T-F 328; P I
503, Celtica V 236 (from Uralic, cf. Finn
j ice, Hung jg id.); V ANEW 289;
K KZ LXXVII 67 (follows
P); P II 257259.
*jesanan str.vb.: OHG jesan to ferment,
to brew. Related to Toch AB ys- to
excite sexually, Skt ysyati to boil, to
become hot, Av yah- to boil, Gk zv
to boil, to seethe. B 1281;
T-F 329; M III 13;
P I 506; F I 612; O
1019; S 287; K-S 299;
A TB 500501; B IFTJa 253.
*jestuz sb.m.: ON jstr yeast, OE ist id.,
MLG gest dregs, dirt, MHG gest, jest
yeast. Derived from *jesanan. TF 329; H AEEW 142;
V ANEW 295; O 1019.
*jeuxtan sb.n.: OE eoht yoke. Derived
from *jeukan. Structurally identical with
Skt neut. yukt- harnessed, yoked.
(H IF XLVIII 266). H AEEW 142; M III 20;
P I 508509; L GED 212.
*jeukan sb.n.: MHG jiuch yoke. Close
to Gk zegow yoke of beasts, pair of
mules, oxen or horses. Further see *jukan.
T-F 330; F I 610.
*jeuknan wk.vb.: Goth jiukan to ght, to
conquer, ga-jiukan to overcome, MHG
jouchen to chase, to drive. Cf. also OE
ecor strong, erce, harsh. Related to
Toch AB yuk- to conquer, Av yaozaiti to
be agitated, to be excited < *eu-. See
*jeukan. W MP II 471; B 12311232; H AEEW
141; F 301; P I 512; L
jz
ju
207
junaz
junaz
208
H 325326; K-S
413.
*junn sb.m.: ON ungi young of a bird,
OHG jungo animal cub. Derived from
*junaz. H 325.
*jutw ~ *jetw pron.: ON it you two,
OE it id., OFris iat id., OS git id. The
vocalism has been inuenced by *wetw.
Identical with Lith jdu id. Originally, a
compound of *u you and *d two
(M MSL XIII 208). For the oblique
cases cf. gen. *enkwara > Goth igqara, ON
ykkar, OE incer. S UGG 265;
kalanan
k
*kabisjaz ~ *kabisj sb.m./f.: ON kefsir
kalanan
209
kan(i)paz
kan(i)paz
210
kar
kar
211
kaw
kaw
212
kenan
kenan
213
kewwanan
kmaz
214
klainiz
klainiz
215
klembanan
*klembanan?
360.
T-F 57; P I
klembanan
216
klubj
adhere, OS klibon to adhere, OHG klebn to glue, to stick. Derived from *klbanan. H AEEW 52; S
297; K-S 447.
*klibrjanan wk.vb.: ON klifra to climb,
OE clifrian to scratch, to claw. Related
to *klbanan. H AEEW 52;
V ANEW 317.
*klifan sb.n.: ON klif cli , OE clif id., OS
klif id., OHG kleb id. Related to *klbanan.
T-F 58; H AEEW 52;
V ANEW 316317; O 182.
*klbanan str.vb.: ON klfa to climb, OE
clfan to cleave, to adhere, OFris klva to
hang, OS bi-klban to take root, OHG
az-klban to stick fast. Related to Slav
*glibati to stick, to get stuck. Z
Gutt. 147; T-F 58; H
AEEW 52; J IEW 365373;
P I 363364; V ANEW 316
317; O 181; S LS 22 (to Slav
*glbti to stick fast); T ESSJa
VI 124; S 296297.
*kln sb.m.: OE cla plaster, salve,
poultice. Close to Gk gltton: gloin
(Hes.), Lith glits smooth, sticky, Latv
glst to be slimy. T-F 58; H AEEW 51; P I 364; F
I 313; O 183.
*klw ~ *klw sb.f.: ON kl claw,
OE clawu nail, claw, hoof , OFris klawe,
kl claw, MLG kla, klouwe id., OHG
klwa id., kla id. Connected with *klawjanan. May be further related to Toch B
kolyi clawed paw (?) (A TB 205).
K ANF XXXII 198; Z Gutt.
146; T-F 58; H AEEW
51; P I 361 (to Skt glu- round
lump); V ANEW 317; Z II
209; O 180; K-S 447.
*kluban ~ *klub sb.n./f.: ON klof
cleft between the legs, OE clufu ear of
corn, clove of garlic. See *klubn. H AEEW 53; V ANEW 317.
*klubj ~ *klubjn sb.f.: ON klyf
trunk on a pack-horse, OHG klubba
tongs, a split piece of wood used as
tongs. Derived from *klubn. TF 59.
klubn
217
knatrjanan
crash, ME cnak id., G Knack id. Historically identical with *knakkaz ~ *knakk.
K-S 453.
*knakkaz ~ *knakk sb.m./f.: ON
knakkr little chair, high stool, LG knacke
peg. Cf. verbal derivatives in MLG
knacken to crash, early G knacken id. Of
unknown origin. Can be the source of
WGmc *knextaz > OE cniht boy, youth,
servant, knight, OFris knecht, kniucht
servant, soldier, OS knecht lad, youth,
OHG kneht youth, servant (for the
semantics see *knappaz I). Z Gutt.
194; T-F 35 (*knextaz to *kenan),
4849; H KZ XLVII 307
(*knextaz to *knaaz), AEEW 54;
M Gm. 137, 196; P I
370; V ANEW 319, 321; O 508;
K-S 453.
*knappaz I sb.m.: ON knappr knob, stud,
OE cnpp top, cop, knop, OFris knapp
knob, MLG knapp hill. Of unknown
origin. WGmc words for boy reecting
*knap(p)an and *knabn probably belong
here (OE cnapa, cnafa, ODu cnapo, OHG
knapo, knappo, knabo). For the semantics cf.
Slav *kopyl shoot, branch ~ bastard,
boy, servant. T-F 49; H AEEW 54; M Gm. 117,
196; V ANEW 320 (to Gk gmfow
bolt, dowel, gnmptv to bend, to
curve); O 507; L Expr. 274
275; K-S 453.
*knappaz II adj.: ON knappr scanty,
MLG knap scanty, scarce, rare, spare.
Probably connected with *knappaz I.
K NB II 228229, 455; TF 49; P I 370; V ANEW
320 (to Gk gnptv, knptv to bend, to
curve); H 337.
*knarruz sb.m.: ON knrr merchant ship,
ME knarre knag, gnarl, Du knar tree
stump. Similar to *knaaz and *knappaz
I. F WuS IV 109; V ANEW 323.
*knatrjanan wk.vb.: Norw knatra to
crackle, MDu cnateren to growl, to grumble, G knattern to crackle. Somehow
connected with *knakkaz. V ANEW
321.
knausaz
218
knuppaz
acc. sg. knauen good, ON knr pithy, viogorous, OE on-cnwe known, recognized. Related to MIr gne excellent,
beautiful (M Idg. Anz. IX 198), Lat
gnuus busy, diligent. See *knanan.
K NB II 193194; B
BB III 81; T-F 36; F 313; P I 378; V ANEW 320; S
303; H IF LXXXI 39; H IF
LXXXI 39 (Celto-Germanic parallel);
L GED 219; H 337
338 (reconstructs *knawaz and *knwiz).
*knbaz sb.m.: ON knfr knife, OE cnf
id., OFris knf id., MLG knf id., G dial.
Kneif shoemakers knife. Related to *knpanan despite the dierence in the inlaut
consonantism. Z Gutt. 148; TF 50; F ANF XLI 118; P I
370371; V ANEW 321; O
508.
*knpanan str.vb.: Norw dial. knpa to
pinch, MLG knpen id. Identical with
Lith gnbti id., nbti id. T-F 50;
T BSW 93; P I 370
371; F 159; S LS 23.
*kniz sb.f.: Goth knos race, stock,
OHG knt, knuot origin, nature. Continues *nts close to Skt jat- kinsman,
Gk gnvtw related by blood, brother.
Derived from *en6- to know. F KZ I 238; T-F 35; F
313314; M I 446; P
I 373375; F I 306; L GED
220; B Nom. 146.
*knukjanan wk.vb.: ON knoka to
knock, OE cnucian id., MHG knochen id.
An imitative stem. H GH
XIV/2 12; Z Gutt. 148; T-F
50; V ANEW 322; O 508;
K-S 453 (to *knakkaz).
*knukn sb.m.: MLG knoke bone, MHG
knoche id. Probably related to *knewan. No
direct connection with Gk gnj on the
knees, where -j is analogical (S
I 620). T-F 50; P I 381;
F I 317; L Expr. 219220;
K-S 457.
*knuppaz sb.m.: Norw dial. knupp bud,
MLG knuppe id., OHG knopf knot.
knuppaz
219
*knut(t)janan
*knut(t)jjanan
kwz
kwz
220
krann
kranukaz
221
krs
krs
222
kukjanan
kukjanan
223
kuniz
kunjanan
224
*kunina-maz ~ *kununa-maz
sb.m.: ON konung-dmr kingdom, OE
cynin-dm kingly power, kingdom, OS
kuning-dm id. Derived from *kuninaz ~
*kununaz. C Nom. comp. 75 (parallel
formations).
*kunina-rkjan ~ *kununa-rkjan
sb.n.: ON konung-rki kingdom, OE
cynin-rce id., OS kuning-rki id., OHG
kuning-rhhi id. Compound of *kuninaz ~
*kununaz and *rkjan. C Nom. comp.
75 ( parallel formations).
*kuninaz ~ *kununaz sb.m.: ON
konungr king, OE cynin id., OFris kining,
koning, kening id., OS kuning id., OHG
kuning id. Derived from *kuniz. T-F
35; F apud V (to *kwenn);
H AEEW 67; V ANEW
326; Z I 133; O 506;
K-S 470.
*kuniz sb.m.: ON konr nobleman, OE
cyne-helm crown, diadem. See *kunjan.
T-F 35.
*kunja-burenaz adj.: ON kyn-borinn of
noble kin, OE cyne-boren of royal birth.
Compound of *kunjan and *burenaz, participle of *beranan. C Nom. comp. 61.
*kunjan sb.n.: Goth kuni clan, tribe, race,
generation, ON kyn kin, kind, OE cyn
id., OFris kinn, kenn id., OS kunni id.,
OHG kunni id. Continues IE *o- related to Skt jna- race, Av zana- people
(in cmpn.), Gk gnow id., Lat genus birth,
descent. Cf. in particular Lat genius tutelar deity < *enos. Z Gutt. 193;
B 1660; T-F 35;
H AEEW 67; WH I 597599; F 316;
P I 375; V ANEW 340;
Z I 145; F I 306308;
O 505; B IEL 368;
kuppaz
kuppaz
225
kussuz
kussuz
226
kwainjanan
kwainjanan
227
kwemanan
kwemanan
228
kwerranan
kwerranan
229
H II 836; M I 335;
P I 474476; F 148149;
F I 235236; S 318.
*kwerruz adj.: Goth qairrus gentle,
friendly, ON kyrr still, quiet, MLG quere
tame, MHG kirre, krre id. Related to
Hitt karia- to stop, to pause, to rest,
Toch A kur-, B kwr- to become feeble,
to age, Lith grti to collapse, to be weak,
Latv gut to slacken. K NB II
367; G Got. 171172 (to Gk
gruw voice); J KZ XXXII 479
(to Skt guru- heavy, Gk barw id.); S
KZ XXXVII 317 (same as J);
B IF XXXIII 302; Z Gutt.
84; T-F 6162 (follow S);
F 386; F KZ LXIX 78 (to
Lith guls tired, weak); P I
476477; F 179; V ANEW
341, MSS XXXV 7392 (to IE *g erHto praise, with Gmc *-rr- < *-rH- and
secondary u-stem); L GED 275;
B Nom. 262; K KZ
CIII 286288 (u-stem under the inuence
of *xaruz; < *g er-ero- driven by a goad);
H 350352; P IV
8283; K-S 443; D BSA
22 (follows S).
*kwessiz sb.f.: Goth ga-qiss agreement,
arrangement, OE cwis saying, speaking.
Continues *g et-ti-, a derivative in *-ti- of
*kweanan. H AEEW 66; F
196; O 89; S 319; L
GED 32; B Nom. 142.
*kwestjanan wk.vb.: Goth qistjan to
destroy, Dan dial. quista to press, MLG
quisten to destroy. Derived from *kwest.
T-F 63; F 388389; L
GED 277.
*kwest sb.f.: MLG quist torment, MLG
quist destruction, OHG quist torment.
Related to the isolated Slav *est hard.
F BB VI 211 (to IE *g e6- to press, to
force); H PBB XXIII 352 (to Skt jsate
to be exhausted); B IF VI 103
(to ON kvistr twig, branch); Z
Gutt. 87; G Got. 172 (to Lith
gend, gsti to become defective); U PBB XXX 304 (contra B);
kwmiz
kwmiz
230
kwumiz
kwumdiz
231
lawaz
l
*labbaz ~ *labbn sb.m.: Norw labb
paw, OHG lappo palmula, oar blade.
An expressive form probably related to
*lfn (T-F 370). H
PBB LXVI 266; L GED 237.
*laj(n) sb.f./m.: Icel leja clay, OHG
letto id. Related to MIr laith marsh,
swamp, W llaid mud < *lato-. TF 360 (to *slaan); ME II 425 (to Latv rvn. Late);
P I 654655; L IF CIII
221.
*laan sb.n.: ON lag layer, shape, OE pl.
e-lau collection of water, OS pl. aldarlagu life-time, OHG ur-la fate (masc.).
Derived from *lejanan. T-F 358;
H AEEW 242; P I
658659; V ANEW 683; O 518.
*lajanan wk.vb.: Goth lagjan to lay, ON
leggja to lay, to put, OE lecan to lay, to
put, to place, OFris ledza to lay, OS leggian to produce, OHG leggen to lay.
Derived from *lejanan. Structurally close
to Slav *loiti to put, to lay (C
Prt. 7778; P Kelt. Gr. II 572).
T-F 358; M MSL IX 144;
H AEEW 197; F 319;
P I 659; O 519; S
325; L GED 5, 233; KS 509510.
*lajanan wk.vb.: ON laga to shape, to
put right, to mend, OFris lagia to establish. Derived from *laan or *lejanan.
S 325; B OFED s.v.
*lauz sb.m.: ON lgr sea, lake, OE lau
sea, water, OS lagu-strm sea current.
Identical with Lat lacus lake, OIr loch id.
Further related to Gk lkkow pit, tank,
pond < *lkWow, Slav *loky pond, pool
(K KZ II 553554). F I 531 (to
*lejanan); T-F 358; P Kelt.
Gr. I 149; T BSW 149; H AEEW 194; W-H I
748; P I 653; C SSGJa
I 54; F II 7576; L GED 224;
T ESSJa XVI 1011; B Nom. 156.
*lawaz ~ *laxwaz sb.n.: ON lr leg,
OE lew thigh, ham, Langob neut. lagi
thigh. Connected with Lith lEkti to y,
Latv lekt id. as a regular deverbative (for
the vocalism and semantics cf. Lith lkt
pole on which birds sit). M
171 (to Slav *l\ga thigh); Z Gutt.
lawaz
232
laikanan
laikanan
233
laiaz
laiaz
234
lamjanan
lzomai to seize, to grasp < *lag--,
Hom aor. llabe. T-F 356;
lamjanan
235
*lana-kaupan ~ *lana-kaupaz
sb.n./m.: ON land-kaup purchase of
land, OFris lond-kp id., MLG lant-kp id.
Compound of *lanan and *kaupan ~
*kaupaz. C Nom. comp. 76 (parallel
formations).
*lanan sb.n.: Goth land land, ON land
id., OE land id., OFris land, lond id., OS
land id., OHG lant id. Related to OIr land
open place, OPrus lindan valley, Slav
*l\do waste ground. S KZ I
559; M ZDADL XLII 170 (on ON
lundr grove); L PBB XXXII 138;
T-F 362; T BSW 157;
H AEEW 194; F 321322;
P I 675; C SSGJa I
5455; Z I 142; O 513;
S Goten 47 (non-IE origin following from comparison with Basque landa
eld); S LS 33; M PKP II
138 n. 221 (to Balt *lind- to fall down);
T ESSJa XV 4448; T
PJa IV 263269; L GED 226
227; K-S 501.
*lana-seuz sb.m.: ON land-sir custom of the land, OE land-sidu id., OS landsidu id., MHG lant-site id. Compound of
*lanan and *seuz. C Nom. comp. 76
(parallel formations).
*lana-skapaz sb.m.: ON land-skapr
region, OHG lant-scaf land. Derived
from *lanan. C Nom. comp. 76 (parallel formations).
*lana-skuliz sb.f.: ON land-skyld rent
of land, OS land-skuld id., MHG lantschult id. Compound of *lanan and
lanaz
lanaz
236
id. further related to other similar adjectives with irregular phonetic correspondences: Skt drgha-, Av dar6ga-, Gk
dolixw, Hitt dalugai-. S KZ I
558; B 693694; K
NB I 44; Z Gutt. 218; T-F
360361; W-H I 820821;
F 318319; H AEEW 195;
P Gliederung 123; M II
47; P I 196197; C
SGGJa I 103; F I 406407; O
536; S Glotta XLVII 34; L
GED 224; L Expr. 161; H
360361; K-S 502.
*lanaz II adj.: ON end-langr from one
end to another, OE and-lan continuous,
all-along, throughout, OFris adv. ondlenghe stretching, OS ant-lang continuous, OHG gi-lang related. Related to
Lith lenki, lekti to incline, to tilt and
identical with Lith lakas curve, circle,
Slav *lk curve, arc. The meanings of
*lanaz II must have been inuenced by
*lanaz I. P Beitrge 340, 345;
T BSW 159161; H
AEEW 195; W NP 24; P
I 676677; F 356357; V
ANEW 9; T ESSJa XVI 148
149; H 361362.
*lani sb.f.: ON lengd length, OE len
id., MLG lengde id. Derived from *lanaz
I. T-F 361; H AEEW
199; O 523.
*lann sb.f.: Goth laggei length, OE lenu
id., OFris lentze id., OHG leng id.
Derived from *lanaz I. H
AEEW 199; F 318; H
361.
*lanjanan wk.vb.: ON lengja to lengthen, OE lenan id., OHG lengen id.
Derived from *lanaz I. Derivationally
similar to Slav *liti to join, to connect.
T-F 361; H AEEW
198; O 530; H 361.
*lanjn sb.f.: ON lengja oblong piece,
MLG lenge long rope. Related to *lanaz
I. T-F 360 (to *lanxaz); C SGGJa I 82; G Origins 132.
*lanjanan wk.vb.: ON langa to long
lasaz
lasaz
237
laubaz
laubaz
238
lauxaz
lauxaz
239
lauran
lauran
240
lenxwtaz
lenxwtaz
241
leubaz
O 530; W KZ CX 161165;
K-S 521.
*lesanan str.vb.: Goth lisan to collect,
ON lesa to glean, to gather, to grasp,
OE lesan to gather, to collect, OFris lesa
to gather, to read, OS lesan to pick, to
collect, to gather, OHG lesan to gather,
to read. Related to Hitt lei- to collect,
to pick up, Lith les, lsti to pick up.
P IF V 47 (adds Slav *las
greedy); T-F 364; F 331;
H AEEW 200; P Gliederung 191; J IEW 758759;
P I 680; C SGGJa I
71; F 359; V ANEW 353;
O 520; S LS 31; S 332
333; L GED 233; T HEG
II 64; K-S 515516.
*lera-xusn sb.f.: ON ler-hosa leather
hose, gaiters, OE leer-hose id., OHG
ledar-hosa id. Compound of *leran and
*xusn. C Nom. comp. 50.
*leran sb.n.: ON ler leather, OE leer
hide, skin, leather, OFris leither, leder id.,
MLG leder id., OHG ledar id. Borrowed
from Celtic: OIr lethar id., W lledr id.,
Bret lezr id. T-F 360; H AEEW 200; P I 685;
C SGGJa I 98; Z I
142; O 521; K-S 509.
*leuba-lkaz adj.: Goth liuba-leiks lovely,
charming, OE lef-lc lovely, beautiful,
OS liof-lk charming, OHG liub-lh
beautiful, charming. Derived from *leubaz. F 332; L GED 235; H 377.
*leubaz adj.: Goth liufs beloved, ON ljfr
dear, beloved, OE lef desirable, pleasant, beloved, OFris lif dear, beloved,
OS liof id., OHG liob beloved. Identical
with Slav *lub id. For further parallels
see *laub. S KZ I 141; K NB I 23; T-F 376; F 333;
H AEEW 199; P I
684; V ANEW 361; O 527;
L GED 235; B Nom.
240; T ESSJa XV 181182;
H 376377; K-S
518.
leuanan
242
leuxtan
leuxtan
243
l2baz
l2baz
244
ltanan
ltanan
245
likkjanan
likkjanan
246
liuz
liuz
247
lkaz
lkaz
248
lanan
lanan
249
luftuz
luftuz
250
lukn
lunaz
251
*lunaz sb.m.: Goth luns ransom. Finn lunnas id. (T Ein. 151) attests the
original form (masc. a-stem). Adjective in
*-no- of IE *leu-: Skt ln-, participle of
Skt lunti to cut, Gk lv to release, Lat
lu to free, to pay o. Cf. in particular
Gk ltron ransom. T-F 370;
F 338; W-H I 834;
M III 106107; P I
681682; D VSJa 24 (pretonic shortening in Gmc); F II 149150;
L GED 238.
*lun sb.f.: ON pl. lundir esh along the
back, OE lund-laa rein, kidney, OHG
lunda suet. Related to *lann ~ *lanj.
T-F 362; P I 675.
*lunwan ~ *lunwn sb.n./f.: ON pl.
lungu lungs, OHG lunga lung. Cf. also
*lunun( j) > OE lunen id., OFris lungen,
lungene id., OS lungannia id., OHG lungun
id. Related to *lunwraz. T-F
360; H AEEW 207; P
I 661; Z I 221; O 540;
L GED 230; K-S
528.
*lunwraz adj.: OE adv. lungre quickly,
soon, OS lungar strong, powerful, OHG
lungar ecient, eager, fast. Identical with
Gk lafrw light, quick. For further
connections see *lenxtaz. Z Gutt.
179; T-F 360; H
AEEW 207; P I 661; F I 484;
L GED 230; B Nom.
247; H 388389.
*lunjanan wk.vb.: Goth *lunjan to save
(suggested by us-luneins salvation, redemption), OE a-lynnan to deliver, to
release. Derived from *lunaz. H AEEW 209; F 338, 534;
L GED 238.
*luppn sb.f.: Swed loppa ea, OE loppe
ea, spider(?). Derivationally close to
Latv lupa fragment, bit, small piece further related to Skt lumpti to break into
pieces, Lith lpti to peel, Slav *lupiti id.
For the semantic development cf. Slav
*mol moth from *melti to grind, to
break (see *maluz ~ *mal). T-F
375376 (to MHG lupfen to move quickly,
luttiz
to soar); P I 690691; F
391392.
*lusan sb.n.: ON los looseness, breaking
up, OE los loss, OHG far-los id. Derived
from *leusanan. H AEEW
206; S 339; O 537.
*lusnjanan wk.vb.: Goth fra-lusnan to be
lost, ON losna to get loose, to get free.
Derived from *leusanan. T-F 377;
F 163; S 339.
*lusjanan wk.vb.: ON losa to loosen,
OE losian to perish, to be lost, OS lsian
to become free. Derived from *lusan.
H AEEW 206; O 537.
*lustjanan ~ *lustjanan wk.vb.: Goth
luston to desire, OE lystan to cause pleasure, OS lustian, lustean to desire, OHG
lustn id. Derived from *lustuz ~ *lustaz.
H AEEW 209; F 338;
O 531; L GED 238.
*lustu-saman ~ *lusta-samaz adj.:
Goth lustu-sama longed for, desirable,
OS lust-sam desirable, pleasant, charming, OHG lust-sam id. Derived from *lustuz ~ *lustaz. Cf. also OE lust-sum-lc
pleasant, delectable. F 338; C
Nom. comp. 59; L GED 238.
*lustiz sb.f.: Goth fra-lusts destruction,
loss, OS far-lust id., MHG ver-lust waste.
Derived from *leusanan. F 163; S 339; B Nom. 140.
*lustuz ~ *lustaz sb.m.: Goth lustus
desire, lust, late ON lyst id. (fem. *lustiz),
OE lust id., OFris lust id., OS lust id.,
OHG lust id. Probably, from *lub-studerived from *lub. S Voc. II 148
(< *s-tu-, from *las- to desire as in Skt
lati id. < *-lals-, Gk lv to look);
S WuS VI 5455 (to *ltanan);
T-F 378; H AEEW
207208; F 338; P I 654 (to
*las- to be greedy, lascivous), 683684;
T Venus 160176 (from *leusanan);
Z II 202; O 541; L
GED 238; B Nom. 157158;
K-S 528529.
*luttiz ~ *luttjaz adj.: OE lyt little, few,
LG ltt small, little, OHG luzzi id.
Probably derived from *ltanan. J
luttiz
252
maa
m
*marn sb.f.: ON mara madder, OE
maa
253
mauz
mauz
254
B 1111; B IF IX
361 (to Lat hom man); Z KZ
XXVI 237, Gutt. 65; J IF XLIII
5759 (to Alb makth young hare);
P Festschr. Jespersen 6263 (on OIr
macc son); M MSL XXI 46 (from
childrens vocabulary); T-F 304;
H AEEW 214; F 339;
P I 696; C SGGJa I
96; V M-7071; V ANEW
400; Z I 152; O 546;
L ZfMund XXXV 1519 (nonIE), GED 240; B Nom.
156157.
*mawil(n) sb.f.: Goth mawilo little girl,
ON meyla id., OE mewle maid, damsel,
virgin. Derived from *mawj. TF 304; H Etym. 110 (to Skt mahil
woman, wife); H AEEW 219;
F 352; C SGGJa I 106;
V ANEW 386.
*mawj sb.f.: Goth mawi girl, ON mr
id. Derived from *mauz. Z Gutt.
65; T-F 304; F 352; V
ANEW 399; B Nom. 114.
*maxtiaz adj.: Goth mahteigs powerful,
able, possible, ON mttigr powerful,
mighty, OE meahti id., OFris elle-machtich
almighty, OS mahtig powerful, mighty,
OHG mahtig id. Derived from *maxtiz.
T-F 304; F 340; P
I 695; L GED 240; B
OFED s.v.
*maxti-lausaz adj.: ON mtt-lauss powerless, exhausted, OE meaht-les powerless, Du machte-loos id., MHG macht-ls
id. Compound of *maxtiz and *lausaz.
C Nom. comp. 90 (parallel formations).
*maxtiz sb.f.: Goth mahts power, might,
ON mttr id. (< *maxtuz), OE meaht
might, OFris macht id., OS maht id.,
OHG maht id. Derived from *maa.
Structurally identical with Slav *mogt
might, power. W BB XXVIII 63 (Slav < Gmc); T-F 304;
H AEEW 216; F 340;
B Nom. 108111; P I
695; Z II 202; O 575;
S LS 37; S 342; L
maina-aiaz
maina-aiaz
255
maisaz
maisaz
256
maiwaz
maiwaz
257
H 397398; A TB 472
473.
*maiwjanan wk.vb.: ME mawen to shout,
to mew, MDu mauwen id., MHG mwen
id. Of imitative origin. P I 751
(to Latv mat to roar, Slav *myjati to
mew).
*maiz adv.: Goth mais more, ON meir
id., OE m id., OFris mr, m id., OS
m, mr id., OHG mr id. Comparative
based on *m- large similar to Osc mais
more (S IF XI 8490), W mwy
id. < *mis (O Morph. Unt. VI
219221). T-F 300; M
BSL XXVII 232233; F 341; H AEEW 209; P I 704;
V ANEW 382; P Glotta L 2829
(to archaic Aeol *maiw more); O
583; L GED 241; B
OFED s.v.
*maizn adj.: Goth maiza larger, ON
meiri bigger, higher, OE mra larger,
more, OFris mra bigger, OS mro bigger, higher, OHG mro larger, more.
See *maiz. T-F 300301; F
341342; H AEEW 209;
K 470471; P I 704; V
ANEW 382; O 589; L
Verschrfung 105; L GED 242;
B Nom. 236; H
398399; K-S 550.
*maka-lkaz adj.: ON mak-ligr proper,
becoming, OHG gi-mah-lh comfortable.
Derived from *makaz. H
399.
*makan sb.n.: OESc mak condition,
state, OS un-gimak precipitousness,
OHG mah thing. See *makaz. H 399.
*makaz adj.: ON makr more unsuitable,
OE mc well-matched, equal, agreeable,
OS un-gimak hostile, OHG gi-mah
appropriate. Derived from *makjanan
(S WuS VI 37). K NB II
453; T-F 303; H
AEEW 209210, ANW 190 (ON <
MLG); L SSUF 1898 67 (to OIr
mm yoke < *magmu); P I 696
697; V ANEW 376; O 561;
malxaz
H 399400; K-S
311.
*makjanan wk.vb.: Icel maka to smear,
OE macian to make, to do, OFris makia
id., OS makn id., OHG mahhn id.
Identical with Slav *ma, *mazati to
smear. Further connected with Gk
mssv to knead (M IF XVII
146148). T-F 303; M
MSL XIX 122; E KZ XLIV 66
(on Baltic parallels: Latv muzt to torment < *to smear); H AEEW
209; P I 696697; F II
180181; O 547; V-T II 557558; H 400;
K-S 530; B OFED s.v.
*makn sb.m.: ON maki match, mate,
OE e-maca mate, equal, companion,
OS gi-mako match. Derived from
*makaz. T-F 303; H
AWN 190 (ON < OS); T Lehm
8788; V ANEW 376.
*malanan str.vb.: Goth malan to grind,
ON mala id., OS part. gi-malan id., OHG
malan id. Related to Hitt malla- id., Toch
A malyw-, B mely- to crush, to grind, Skt
mti id., Arm malem id., Lat mol to
grind, OIr melim id., Lith mal, mlti id.,
Slav *melj, *melti id. (L KZ VII
22). T-F 314315; T
BSW 168; W-H II 104106;
F 342; H AEEW 218219;
J IEW 672675; T Lehm
6775; M II 672673; P I 716717; F 403404;
V ANEW 377; S 344345;
L GED 242; T HEG II
102103; T ESSJa XVIII
9091; K-S 532533; A
TB 456457; B IFTJa 251.
*malriz ~ *malran sb.m./n.: ON
meldr our, corn in the mill, OS maldar
milling, grinding, OHG maltar our.
Derived from *malanan. T-F
314; V ANEW 383.
*malxaz ~ *malx(n) sb.m./f.: ON malr
knapsack, ME male id., MLG male id.,
OHG malaha id. A Wanderwort similar to
Gk mlgow leather sack. T-F
malxaz
258
malwjanan
malwjanan
259
manjanan
manjan
260
manwuz
manwuz
261
marn
marn
262
mer id., OHG mar, mer id. Morphological variant of *mariz (S PBB
V 107). T-F 312; F 346;
P I 748; Z II 197;
L GED 245; K-S 549.
*marka-lanan sb.n.: ON mark-land
forest land, OE mearc-land borderland.
Compound of *markan and *lanan.
C Nom. comp. 55.
*markan sb.n.: ON mark mark, landmark, OFris merke id., MLG mark id.,
OHG marc id. (fem.). Related to Av
mar6za- boundary, Lat marg edge, border, OIr mruig district < *mrogi-.
Z Gutt. 164; U PBB
XXX 301; B 1153; TF 312313; H AEEW 217;
W-H II 3940; F 347;
P I 738; V ANEW 379;
Z II 175; O 556; V
W I 290 (adds Toch A mrkamin mrkam-pal = Skt dharma-); L
GED 246; G Wurzelnomina
443; K-S 540541.
*markjan sb.n.: ON merki mark, landmark, banner, OE e-mierce sign, mark,
OS gi-merki id., OHG gi-marki boundary.
Derived from *markan. Z Gutt.
164; H AEEW 221; V
ANEW 385.
*markjan ~ *markjaz sb.n./m.: ON
merki celery, OE merece marche (plant),
OS merca celery, OHG merc id. A borrowing from NCauc mrqw> root, cf.
*murxn. H AEEW 220;
P I 748 (to *mariz); V ANEW
385 (to *marxaz); N-S
NCED 827.
*markjanan wk.vb.: ON merkja to mark,
to draw, OHG merken to dene, to designate. Derived from *markan. TF 313; H AEEW 217;
V ANEW 385; K-S 554.
*mark sb.f.: Goth marka region, border,
ON mrk forest (i-stem and root stem),
OE mearc limit, term, boundary, sign,
OFris merke boundary, OS marka
boundary, district, OHG marca boundary. From here *mark mark, half-
maskw(n)
maskw(n)
263
maljanan
maljanan
264
me(a)lan
me(a)lan
265
mekuz
mekuz
266
melkanan
melkanan
267
memzan
memzan
268
meurj(n)
meurj(n)
269
mlan
G Etim. 6970 (together with Gk
mkvn id. from Thrac *mkh-); T
mlan
270
mrjaz
mrjaz
271
minniz
P I 712; F 451452;
V ANEW 389; F II 387; O
581; O AED 269; T ESSJa
XXI 9394.
*mixstila-tainaz sb.m.: ON mistil-teinn
mistletoe, OE mistel-tn id. Compound
of *mixstilaz and *tainaz. T-F 320;
H AEEW 223; C Nom.
comp. 55; V ANEW 389; O
582.
*mixstilaz sb.m.: ON mistil-teinn mistletoe, OE mistel basil, mistletoe, Du mistel
mistletoe, OHG mistil id. Derived from
*mixstuz. The mistletoe is the source of
the bird glue. T-F 320; H AEEW 223; O St. IE 203
(from IE *em-istlo- taking, seizing);
P I 713; V ANEW 389;
Z I 134; O 582; T ESSJa VI 27 (same as O);
B KZ CXII 137142 (from IE *mizdo- similar to *ni-zdo-); K-S
562563.
*mixstuz sb.m.: Goth maihstus dung, OS
mist id., OHG mist id. Derived from
*manan. T-F 320; K Nom.
Stamm. 70; F 340; P I 713;
S 348; L GED 241;
K-S 562.
*mimaraz adj.: OE e-mimor existing in
the memory, known. Identical with Av
mimara- mindful, Lat memor id. Believed
to be a reduplication of *(s)mer- to keep
in mind (F KZ XXXVII 128130;
U PBB XVIII 75). B 1186; W-H II 6768;
P I 969; V ANEW 387;
B MSS XXVIII 58.
*minniz ~ *minaz adv., adj.: Goth mins
less, ON minnr, mir less, OE min
small, OFris min less, LG min id., OHG
min id. Probably with *-nn- < *-nw(O Morph. Unt. VI 231). Related to
Skt minti to depreciate, Gk minyv to
diminish, to destroy, Lat minu to diminish, to become smaller, minor smaller,
OIr menb small, little, Slav *mnj
smaller. Further connected with myate
to grow smaller, Gk mevn smaller <
minniz
272
manan
M II 682683; P I
715; V ANEW 388; S 349;
L GED 257; H 413;
K-S 562.
*missjanan wk.vb.: ON missa to miss, to
lose, OE missan to miss, OFris missa id.,
MLG missen id., OHG missen id. Based on
*missaz. T-F 321; H
AEEW 223; O 581; L GED
257; H 413; K-S
562.
*miss(n) sb.f.: ON missa loss, OE neut.
miss id., MLG misse id., MHG misse id.
Related to *missaz. T-F 321;
H AEEW 223; V ANEW
388; O 581.
*miz(n) ~ *m2 sb.f.: Goth mizdo
reward, pay, OE meord id., md meed,
reward, OFris mde rent, OS mda payment, OHG mieta price. In WGmc a
secondary variant is attested. Related to
Skt neut. mh- strife, contest, prize,
reward, Av mida- reward, gift, Gk
misyw recompense, Slav *mzda
reward. W KZ XXXIV 496;
B 11871188; H Urgerm. I
33 (-2- compensates the loss of *-z-);
M Etudes 248, MSL XXI/3 111;
T-F 322; T BSW 188;
H AEEW 219; F 364365;
P I 746; Z II 226;
M II 642643; F II 244;
O 567; S Goten 129;
B IEL 131138; C
PBB CI 129; L GED 259; B Nom. 179; T ESSJa
XXI 176178; K-S 558.
*manan str.vb.: ON mga to urinate,
OE man id., MLG mgen id. Tokh mio
urine, Skt mhati to urinate, Av mazaiti
id., Arm mizem id., Lat mei id. < *meh,
Lith m, mti id., Slav *miati id.
Z Gutt. 205; B 1108;
T-F 319320; H AEEW
222; W-H II 6061; J IEW 658; M II 690;
P I 713; F 461462;
V ANEW 386; O 582; S
347348; L GED 241; T-
manan
273
m(n)
mjanan
274
*mjanan wk.vb.: Goth past part. afmauidai weary, MLG mien to toil, to
endeavor, OHG muoen to become tired,
to labor. Identical with Slav *majati to
wear out, to labor, to be slow (S
KZ XXVI 5). P apud F (to
Gk marow black); B PBB XIII
316317 (to Gk kmnv to tire); G Got. 8 (to Lat moue to move);
B II 7; T-F 322; T BSW 188; F 9; P I 746;
S LS 35; L GED 6; T ESSJa XVII 132134; KS 573.
*mnn sb.f.: ON mna mammy (of a
baby), ME mne mother, MLG mne id.
A word of child language. V ANEW
392.
*mriz ~ *mraz sb.f./m.: ON mrr
land, border-land, sea, OE mr moor,
OFris mr id., OS mr id., OHG muor
marsh, lake. Secondary form based on
*mariz. H AEEW 226; P I 748; V ANEW 400; C SSGJa I 54; Z II 170;
O 588; D Vddhi 158166;
L GED 245; K-S 568.
*msan sb.n.: ODan ms porridge, OE
ms food, nourishment, OFris ms
meal, OHG muos id. Probably, from
*m-s-an related to *mastaz II, *matiz
(U PBB XXX 302). TF 305; H AEEW 226;
D Vddhi 219231; L GED
247; K-S 576.
*mta str.vb.: Goth ga-mot to nd room,
OE mt must, OFris mt id., OS mt id.,
OHG muoz can, must. Derived from
*metanan. D Synt. III 331 (to IE
*m- to measure); T-F 323; F
193; H AEEW 226; P I
705706; O 598; S 354;
B KZ LXXXVII 8698 (on *md-:
*med-); L GED 145; KS 576577.
*mtan I sb.n.: ON mt meeting, ME
mt, emt id., OS mt id. (fem.), MHG
muoz single combat (of knights) (fem.).
Derived from *metanan (W MP XI
mran
mran
275
munjanan
munjanan
276
murxn
murxn
277
musn
mutaz
278
msz
Probably related to OIr mocht soft, tender, W mwyth weak < *mug-to-. TF 325; F 366; P I 744;
D Vddhi 402; H 415.
*mljanan wk.vb.: Goth faur-muljan to
muzzle, ON mla id., LG mlen to grouse,
to moan. Derived from *mln. TF 324; F 147; V ANEW
397.
*mln sb.m.: ON mli snout, muzzle,
OFris mla id., MLG ml id. (neut.), mle
id. (fem.), OHG mla id. (fem.). Related
to Gk mllon lip (G Got.
66; W SBAB 1918 410411)
but eventually of imitative origin. Cf. also
Norw smaul muzzle close to Latv smaule
id. K Glotta XV 195196 (to
*munaz); T-F 324; F 147;
P I 751752, 968; V ANEW
394; F II 270; C 721
722; L GED 111112; KS 546547.
*ms ~ *msn sb.f.: Gotland mausa
mosquito, Flem meuzie id. (n-stem).
Related to Gk mua y, Alb miz y
(derivative of PAlb *mj), Lat musca y,
Lith musE id., Slav *muxa id. B RFV
LXXII 192193; T BSW
191; W-H II 133; P
Language XXV 186; P I 752;
F 474; E-M 424;
F II 265266; T ESSJa XX
170172; O AED 268.
*msz sb.f.: ON ms mouse, OE ms id.,
OFris ms id., OS ms id., OHG ms id.
Connected with Skt m- id., Arm mukn
id., Gk mw id., Alb mi ~ m id., Lat ms
id., Slav *my id. (F KZ I
493). M BB VIII 190; T-F
327; H AEEW 227; WH II 132133; M II
668; P I 752753; V ANEW
396; Z II 209; F II 275
276; O 593; B Nom.
195; T ESSJa XXI 6467;
G Wurzelnomina 305321;
K-S 547; O AED 265.
n
*naba-aizaz sb.m.: ON nafarr auger,
naxtz
280
namn
namn
281
natjan
natjan
282
naujanan
naujanan
283
neftiz
neftiz
284
neujaz
neujaz
285
II 144145; P I 769;
B II 502; F 487488; V
ANEW 412; F II 297298, 306307;
O 608; L Verschrfung 16.21;
L GED 267268; B
Nom. 255; H 425426; KS 587; T ESSJa XXVI
913; A TB 269; B IFTJa
244.
*neujun sb.f.: ON njung novelty,
news, OHG niuwunga renewal. Derived
from *neujaz. H 426.
*neur( j)n sb.n.: ON nra kidney, ME
nre id., MLG nre id., OHG nioro id.
Continues *neg hro-. Related to Gk pl.
nefro id., Lat Praenestine pl. nefrns
kidneys, testicles (B BB III 105;
W IF XIX 102). F Festschr.
Bloomeld 140 (to IE *(s)neu- to drip);
Z Gutt. 100; T-F 289;
W-H II 156157; P I
319; V ANEW 413; Z II 217;
F II 310; O 505; S
IBK XV 193194 (related to Lat rn kidney < *regno- metathesized from *negro-);
K-S 588.
*neutanan str.vb.: Goth niutan to attain,
to enjoy, ON njta to use, to enjoy, OE
netan id., OFris nita id., OS pres. niotan
id., OHG niozan to make use of. See
*nautan. T KZ XXX 562 (to
Lat ntri to suckle, to feed); T-F
299300; M IF XVIII 235 (to
Skt nudti to push, to impel, to remove);
F 379; H AEEW 234;
J IEW 688689; P I
768; C SGGJa I 77; V
ANEW 410; O 605; S 361;
L GED 269; K-S
313314.
*neuwanan ~ *nwanan str.vb.: Goth
b-nauan to rub (secondary -au- < *--),
ON na id., OHG (h)niuwan to pulverize,
to grind. Related to Skt nvate to turn,
Gk nev to nod, to wave, Lat nu id.
G Got. 52 (reconstructs Goth
*hnauan = Gk knv to scratch); TF 298 (to Skt kuti to whet, to
sharpen); M IF XVII 150151
286
nmiz
nmjanan
287
nijaz
I 761; Z II 171; F II
319320; O 609; B
Nom. 213; K-S 590.
*nistan sb.n.: OE nest nest, MLG nest id.,
OHG nest id. Identical with Toch B lesto
nest, Skt n- resting-place, abode,
nest, Arm nist place, location, residence,
Lat ndus nest, MIr net id., Lith lzdas id.
(with irregular l-), Slav *gnzdo id., with
irregular anlaut and *-- < *-oi- (S
KZ XL 415). P Kelt. Gr. I 88,
419; T-F 297; H
AEEW 234; W-H II 167
168; M II 171172; P I
887; F 383; O 607; V
W 261, LP XXV 1315 (connects Toch B lesto with OPruss lasto bed
< *les- weak); B Nom. 55;
K-S 586.
*nian adv.: ON nean from beneath,
from below, OE neoan, neoane down,
beneath, below, OS nithana id., OHG
nidana id. Derived from *niaz. TF 297; H AEEW 237;
V ANEW 406; O 88; KS 588.
*niaz adj.: OE superl. niemest lowest,
OFris bi-nitha beneath, OS nithe id.,
OHG nida underneath. Derived from IE
*ni- down. T-F 297; P I
312313.
*nijaz sb.m.: Goth nijis relative, kinsman, ON nir son, kinsman, OE pl.
nias men. Identical with Skt ntyacontinual, perpetual, ones own (S
KZ XL 412413). W KZ XXXIV
495496 (from *nepto-); M BSL
XXX 51, Etudes 393 (same as W);
T-F 292; B IF XXXIII
304 (close to S); H
AEEW 237; F 376377 F
ZfslavPh XX 6263, KZ XLII 260;
M II 162163; P I 311;
B Hitt. 104 (follows S);
V ANEW 409; Z I 138 (from
Slav *netij nephew); M KZ LXXI
118; M Jazyk 2324 (same as
Z); L GED 267; B Nom. 84.
ni
288
nmjanan
nmjanan
289
nurr(n)
nurr(n)
290
Derived from *nuraz. Cf. a similar derivational pattern in Gk nrterow underground. T-F 295; F I 514
515.
*nutan sb.n.: ON not use, utility, E to note
useful. Derived from *neutanan. S 361.
*nuti-samaz adj.: ON nyt-samr useful,
MLG nut-sam id., OHG nuzzi-sam id.
Compound of *nutiz and *samaz. C
Nom. comp. 91 (parallel formations).
*nutiz ~ *nutjaz adj.: Goth un-nuts useless, foolish, ON ml-nytr yielding milk,
OE nytt useful, OFris nette id., OS nutti
id., OHG nuzzi id. Cf. also ON ntr t,
usable < *neutjaz. Related to *neutanan.
K NB I 91; T-F 299;
alan
W NP 5960; H
AEEW 239; F 522; V ANEW 413;
O 605; S 361; B Nom. 242, 260; M Festschr.
Schrder 96, KZ CV 101; H
429430; K-S 594.
*nutj sb.f.: ON nyt prot, use, OE nytt
use, advantage, prot, OHG nuz use
(masc.). Related to *neutanan. T-F
299300; H AEEW 239; V
ANEW 413; S 361; L GED
269; B Nom. 112.
*nutjjanan wk.vb.: ON nytja to milk,
OE nyttian to make use, to enjoy, OHG
nuzzn to utilize. Derived from *nutj.
T-F 299; H AEEW
239; V ANEW 413; H 430.
alan
291
plaz
p
*pan sb.f.: OSwed padda toad, ME
padde id., MLG padde, pedde id. Probably
related to Lat badius brown, chestnutcolored, OIr buide yellow. U
PBB XXII 199 (to Gk btraxow frog);
W-H I 92; M Gm.
186; P I 92; V ANEW 422;
O 640; L Expr. 299; KS 607.
*pai sb.f.: Goth paida tunic, shirt, OE
pd coat, cloak, OS pda garment,
OHG pfeit shirt. Borrowed from *bait,
an Oriental word attested in Gk bath
coat made of leather (T ZdWf VII
261263). B BSL XXXVI 151
152 (from Illyrian, cf. Alb petk clothes,
garment); Z Gutt. 24; K
Germanen 195; T-F 217; H AEEW 244; F 381382;
K KZ LXXI 121123; P
Sprache I 138; P I 9293 (related
to Gk bath); Z I 147; F I
210211; L GED 271; O AED
317 (Alb petk derived from pet layer);
K-S 624.
*pampaz sb.m.: Swed pamp fat person, G
dial. pfampf id. Of imitative origin. Cf.
Lith bmba navel, Latv baMba ball.
P I 94; V ANEW 422 (from
IE *bemb-).
*panninaz sb.m.: ON penningr penny,
OE penin, pendin id., OFris penning, panning id., OS penning id., OHG pfenning,
pfending id. If derived from neut. *panan
plaz
292
plaz
pran( j)anan
293
puttjaz
puttjaz
294
rax(n)
r
*rabaz sb.n.: ON rafr amber, NFris reaf
id. Derived from *rebanan. Semantically
based on the magnetic power of amber,
cf. T PJa II 215 (on Balt *gintarto Lith gnti to defend, giti to drive
(away)). M ZdWf II 285 (related to
*erpaz); P I 334; V ANEW
431.
*ra sb.f.: ON r row, MLG rat id.
Connected with *raan wheel. F III
337 (to *rajanan ~ *rajanan); TF 337 (to Lith rdas order); H AWN 235 (to Lat ratis raft, oat);
P I 59; V ANEW 457.
*rafaz sb.m.: ON rafr fat and ns of a
ounder. Unless a metaphoric usage of
*rabaz, related to IE *rep-: Gk rptomai to feed on, Alb rjep to strip o, to
tear o , Lat rapi to seize and carry o,
to snatch, Lith rpiu, rpti to grasp
(B GGA 1898 555). TF 337; W-H II 417;
P I 865; F I 553; O AED
372.
*ralaz sb.m.: ON rell tapestry, hangings, EFris rafel bre, Du rafel id.
Derived from *rafaz. T-F 337.
*rasjanan ~ *rasjjanan wk.vb.:
ON refsa to punish, OE rpsan to prove
(?), OS respian to punish, to chasten,
OHG refsen to punish, to rebuke. Based
on an s-stem (cf. Skt rpas- defect,
injury) related to Gk rptomai to feed
on, Lat rapi to seize, to grasp, Alb rjep
to strip o (skin or bark), to tear o ,
rax(n)
295
raikjanan
rain
296
rakjanan
rakjanan
297
raskuz
raskuz
298
raua-brunaz
rauaz
299
raz
P I 337; C SGGJa I
110; V ANEW 435.
*raupjanan wk.vb.: Goth raupjan to
pluck, OE rpan to spoil, to plunder,
MLG rpen to reap, to pluck. Despite
the irregular *-p-, seems to be connected
with *reufanan. W MLN XVI 310
(to Lat rubus blackberry); L PBB
XXXII 141 (to Lith ruMbas scar on the
tree bark); Z Gutt. 35; T-F
352; H AEEW 259; F 395;
S KZ LXVIII 125; L GED
282.
*rausan ~ *rauzan sb.n.: Goth raus
reed, ON reyrr id. (masc.), MLG rr id.,
OHG rr id. Derived from *rjanan.
U ANF XV 157 (to Skt roaanger); H BB XXV 106108 (to
Gk rofow pipe); H PBB XX 234
(to Slav *rogoz rush); T-F 332
(same as H); B PBB XIII 334;
F 395; P I 332; M 420
(together with Slav *rogoz from pre-IE);
V ANEW 443; P IuE 4748;
L GED 282 (from non-IE source);
K-S 690 (to MLG rschen to
sough, MHG rschen id.).
*rautaz sb.m.: OHG rz, hrz weeping,
wailing. Identical with Skt rda- id., cf.
also Lith raud lamentation. Derived
from *reutanan I. Cf. also ON fem. raust
voice < *raust. T-F 351; M III 77; P I 332, 867;
F 704.
*rautjanan wk.vb.: ON reyta to pluck, to
pick, MLG rtin to make rot (of ax),
MLG rten id., MHG rzen to make rotten. Causative of *reutanan II. TF 350.
*raz sb.f.: Goth razda language,
speech, ON rdd voice (partly <
*raziz), OHG fogal-rarta birds song as
an omen. Cf. also OE fem., neut. reord
speech, tongue, language, voice < *rez
~ *rezan. Probably, goes back to *redhdh- similar to *er dh- to believe. See
*ranan. S KZ I 154; G Got. 175 (to Gk =yow sound,
noise); T-F 340; H
raz
300
rextaz
*rena-wurmaz ~ *rena-wurmiz
sb.m.: Swed regn-orm earthworm, OE
ren-wyrm id., OS regan-wurm id., OHG
regan-wurm id. Compound of *renan ~
*renaz and *wurmaz ~ *wurmiz. C
Nom. comp. 51.
*renjanan wk.vb.: Goth rignjan to rain,
ON regna, rigna to rain. Derived from
*renan ~ *renaz. T-F 336; H AEEW 260; V ANEW 437,
445; L GED 284.
*rexta-lkaz adj.: ON rtt-ligr just, due,
OFris riuchte-lik just, fair, legal, MDu
reht-lk just, fair, OHG rehtlh just, right
(of faith). Derived from *rextaz. H 442.
*rextaz adj.: Goth raihts straight, ON rttr
upright, straight, OE riht straight, right,
rextaz
301
rekwez
remez
302
reuaz
reuran
303
ran
ran
304
ristjanan
ranan
305
rpanan
rpanan
306
rfan
rfan
307
rurn
e-rru rudder, helm. Derived from
*rraz ~ *rran. V ANEW 457.
rurn
308
rupatjanan
rupatjanan
309
rm
rm
310
saaz
s
*sa pron.: Goth sa this, that, ON s id.,
OE se, si id. Identical with IE *so id.: Skt
s that, he, Av h, h, Gk , OLat acc.
sum eum. Corresponding feminine and
neuter forms are *s and *at (the latter
could be generalized): Goth so, ata, ON
s, at, OE t, OFris thet, OS that, OHG
daz. B Dem. 2032, Grundri
II/2 313321; B 17181727;
T-F 420; H AEEW
286; F 402; W-H II
628629; M III 410; P
I 978979, 10861087; V ANEW
saaz
311
saulaz
saulaz
312
*sajanan ~ *sanan. K NB II
285; H AEEW 268; V
ANEW 578; H 459.
*sawjaz sb.m.: ON seggr man, OE sec
id. Identical with Lat socius fellow, companion (C Gr. Et. 460). Related to
Skt skh friend, companion, Av haxayid. U IF XIII 218, KZ XX
559; Z Gutt. 72; B
1744; H Urgerm. II 40; T-F
424; H AEEW 288; WH II 551552; M III
413; P I 896897; V ANEW
467; B Nom. 67.
*saxsan sb.n.: ON sax a kind of sword,
OE seax knife, a short sword, OFris sax
sword, OS sahs id., OHG sahs small
sword, knife. Derivationally close to Lat
saxum rock. Further related to *sa.
U IF XVII 99 (to Slav *soxa
wooden plough); Z Gutt. 137
(same as U); P Beitrge
304; T-F 424; H
AEEW 288; W-H II 484;
P I 895 (from *se- to cut); V
ANEW 465466; Z I 143;
O 791792; K-S 698;
B OFED s.v.
*saxsaz ~ *saxsn sb.m.: ON pl. Saxar
Saxons, OE pl. Seaxe id., OS Sahso
Saxon, OHG Sahso id. Derived from
*saxsan. H AEEW 288; V
ANEW 466.
*saxtaz adj.: Goth adv. un-sahaba (leg. unsahtaba) indisputably, accordingly, ON
sttr reconciled, agreeing. Derived from
*sakanan, cf. *saxtiz. K NB II
331; Z Gutt. 209; T-F 423;
F 407, 523; P I 876877;
C SGGJa I 87; V ANEW
463464; L GED 292293;
H 459460.
*saxtiz sb.f.: Goth ga-sahts reproach, refutation, OE seht settlement, agreement
(fem., masc.). Derived from *sakanan.
T-F 424; W MLN XXIV
49 (Goth in-sahts account, report, OE
in-siht account, narrative, to *sa);
H AEEW 288; F 200, 294;
sailjanan
sail
313
saiaz
saiaz
314
magician < *soito-. Perhaps further connected with *saiaz ~ *saiaz. TF 440; P I 892; C
SGGJa I 67; F 756 (Lith satas
emblem, divination, talisman represents
a metaphoric usage of satas bucket
rope).
*saiwal sb.f.: Goth saiwala soul, OE
swel id., OFris sle id., OS sola, sla
id., OHG sola, sla id. Derived from
*saiwiz ~ *saiwaz (G DG 99), probably because of a Germanic belief in
souls born out of and returning to sacred
lakes (W IF LVII 2555).
S KZ I 152; H PBB XX
508510; K GGA 1897 655 (to Gk
alow rapid < *saiWolow); Z
Gutt. 76; G Got. 179 (to Lat
saeuus erce); P BB XIX 276278
(to Slav *sila strength); B MSL
XVI 131132 (original adj. related to
*sljanan); T-F 422423; W
IF XII 382 (reconstructs Gmc *saiwl, to
Lat saeuus); N Walhall 49 (reconstructs the original meaning as breath ~
life); H AEEW 270; F
406; P Gliederung 125; P I
877; Z II 180; K NM
LXVIII 113118; M KZ LXXXII
285287 (from *swai-wal ones own
will); O 848; L GED 292
(against F); K-S 753.
*saiwi-burz sb.f.: ON sj-borg sea-town,
OE s-bur id., OFris s-burch seadyke. Compound of *saiwiz ~ *saiwaz
and *burz. C Nom. comp. 78 (parallel formations).
*saiwi-euzan sb.n.: ON sj-dr sea animal, OE s-dor sea-beast. Compound
of *saiwiz ~ *saiwaz and *euzan. C
Nom. comp. 55.
*saiwi-fiskaz sb.m.: ON sj-skr sea-sh,
OE s-sc id., MLG s-visch id. Compound of *saiwiz ~ *saiwaz and *skaz.
C Nom. comp. 78 (parallel formations).
*saiwi-lanan sb.n.: ON toponym Sjland, OE s-land maritime district, OFris
s-land id., Du zee-land id., OHG so-lant
id. Compound of *saiwiz ~ *saiwaz and
sakanan
sakanan
315
saliz
saliz
316
salwaz
salwaz
317
samn
samn
318
sanjanan
sanjanan
319
sauiz
saujanan
320
sebj
sebj
321
seuz
seuz
322
sexstn
sexstn
323
selxaz
selxaz
324
seniaz
senkwan
325
setjanan
setjanan
326
sez
sez
327
id. A form of dative derived from IE *seid. See *seke. F 420; P I 882;
V ANEW 470.
*sanan str.vb.: Goth saian to sow, ON
s id., OE swan id., OFris part. esn id.,
OS pret. obar-seu darbersen, OHG
part. in-sniu incultu. Related to Lat ser
id. < *sis, perf. sv, Lith sju, sti id., Slav
*sj, *sti id. M PBB XI 5154;
J KZ XLVII 9294 (treats
Goth -ai- as an original diphthong);
S GE 7576; T-F 421;
T BSW 253254; F 403
404; H AEEW 270; WH II 522; K 618619;
J IEW 768770; P I
889890; C SGGJa I 62;
F 778779; V ANEW 459;
O 849; S 386387; VT III 615; GI 688689 (add Hitt ai- to press
down, to sow); L GED 290;
K-S 699.
*san sb.n.: ON s seed, crop, corn,
MLG st id. A morphological variant of
*siz. T-F 421; H
AEEW 267; P I 890; V
ANEW 459; Z II 188; KS 698.
*si-tmn sb.m.: ON s-tmi sowing
season, OE sd-tma id. Compound of
*siz and *tmn. C Nom. comp. 82
(parallel formations).
*siz sb.f.: Goth mana-ses mankind,
OE sd seed, fruit, growth, sowing
(neut.), OFris sd crop, sowing, OS sd
id., OHG smala-st small vegetables.
Similar to W had seed, Bret had id.,
Corn has. Continues *s-ti-. Related to
*sanan. T-F 421; H
AEEW 267; F 344; P I 890;
Z II 188; O 806; S
386; B Nom. 146; R
Gedenkschr. Gntert 75; K-S
698.
*slan sb.n.: ON sld sieve. Identical
with Lith skla seed and Dac dies-sathel
Verbascum sinuatum (= Gk flmow) <
*dies-stlo-. Cf. a synonymic Dac disema
smaz
smaz
328
silubran
silubran
329
sxwanan
sxwanan
330
skabanan
skabanan
331
skainjanan
skainjanan
332
skalkaz
skalkaz
333
skam
skam
334
skarbaz
skaran
335
skartan
skarzjanan
336
skauniz
skauniz
337
skeluz
Slav *uj, *uti to feel, to perceive without initial *s-. Cf. OE hwian to view, to
look < *x(u)w- < IE *ku-. T KZ XXVIII 155; S
KZ XXXVII 13; T-F 465;
B 183 (to Slav *xovati to hide, to
keep); W-H 186187; V
ANEW 486487; P I 587588;
F I 890891; O 823; T ESSJa IV 134136; L
GED 310, 378; K-S 714.
*skexanan str.vb.: MLG skn to happen
(to smb.), OHG gi-skehan id. Related to
OIr scuchid to leave, to go away <
*skoketi, Slav *skoiti to spring, to hop.
T-F 448; P I 922923;
K-S 318.
*skelbanan str.vb.: ON skjlfa to shake,
to shiver, to quiver, OE scelfan id. Of
unknown origin. Z Gutt. 154 (to
Slav *kolbati to shake); T-F 461;
J IEW 850851; P I
928; V ANEW 495; S 411
412.
*skelb(n) sb.f.: ON skjlf shelf, seat, OE
scilfe shelf, ledge. Related to *skelbanan.
T-F 461 (to *skel-p- to split);
P I 926.
*skeljanan wk.vb.: ON skilda to shield,
OE scildan to shield, to protect, MHG
schilten to shield. Derived from *skeluz ~
*skeliz. H AEEW 278; V
ANEW 492.
*skelu-burz ~ *skeli-burz sb.f.:
ON skjald-borg wall of shields, testudo,
OE scild-bur id., OHG scilt-burg id.
Compound of *skeluz ~ *skeliz and
*burz. C Nom. comp. 52.
*skeluz ~ *skeliz sb.m.: Goth skildus
shield, ON skjldr id., OE scild id. (<
*skelaz), OFris skeld id., MLG schilt id.,
OHG skilt id. Derivative of *skeljanan ~
*skeljanan (K IF IV 319: to Lith
skltis slice, sklti to split o ).
A KZ I 360361; H BB
XVIII 286287 (to Skt khea- shield);
C IF XXVIII 185 (against
H); U KZ XX 560;
Z Gutt. 151; T-F 458;
skeluz
338
F 432; P I 924; V
ANEW 486487; Z II 203;
O 820; L GED 311; KS 721.
*skelaz ~ *skelxaz adj.: ON skjlgr
wry, oblique, OE sceolh oblique, wary,
MLG schle squinting, OHG skelah
squinting, oblique. An Erweiterung related
to Gk skoliw curved, bent, Lat scelus
evil deed, sin, crime, Arm el crooked,
Alb al lame ( J PBB XIV
296298). K NB II 291292;
Z Gutt. 75; T-F 460; H AEEW 275; W-H II
492; K 627 (identical with MDu
schelu crooked, MHG schelb id. <
*skelxwaz); P I 550, 928; V
ANEW 495; F II 723724; H 493494; K-S 714
715; O AED 49.
*skeljanan ~ *skelxjanan wk.vb.:
ON skelgjask to come askew, MLG schelen id., OHG skilihen id. Derived from
*skelaz ~ *skelxaz. H AEEW
276; V ANEW 489.
*skeljanan ~ *skeljanan wk.vb.: ON
skilja to part, to divide, OE scilian to
separate, OFris skilla to battle, MLG
schelen, schillen to split, to separate.
Related to Hitt ikalla- to tear apart, to
slit open, Gk skllv to hoe, to harrow
< *sk, Lith skeli, sklti to split.
Z Gutt. 151; T-F 458;
H AEEW 277; P I 924;
F 801; V ANEW 492; F
II 715716; T HEG I 397398;
L GED 311312.
*skelkaz sb.m.: ON skelkr fear, MHG
schelch male deer. Distantly related to
*skelbanan. P I 929 (to MHG
schel springing, OHG scelo draught
horse); V ANEW 489.
*skellanan str.vb.: ON skjalla to clatter,
to slam, OE scillan to cause to sound,
OHG skellan to sound. Related to Slav
*skoliti to howl, to whine. T-F
459; H AEEW 277; J IEW 247; P I 550; V
ANEW 495; S 412413; V-
skeranan
skeranan
339
skl
skpan
340
skipan
skipan
341
skriz
skriz
342
skrafjanan
skrafjanan
343
skrempanan
skrempanan
344
skrubbj
skrubbjanan
345
skunkaz
skunkaz
346
skutilaz
*skurn sb.f.: Goth wini-skauro winnowing fork, Swed dial. skur shovel, OHG
scora id. Related to Gk skrow chippings
of stone, Lith skiaurE boat full of holes
used to keep sh (P Beitrge I 374
376). H Ablaut 113 (to Lat secris
axe); T-F 470471; F 566;
P I 954; F II 743744;
L GED 405 (to IE *skeu- to cut,
to separate).
*skurtaz adj.: ON sbst. skortr, skort shortage, want, OE scort short, OHG scurz
id. Probably related to OIr scerdid to
scrape o , Lith skrdiu, skrdti to get
ssures, to crack. K NB II 203;
Z Gutt. 155; T-F 455;
H AEEW 281; K Vorg.
338 (from Lat *excurtus short); P
I 941; F 801; V ANEW 500;
O 822; L-M KZ XCIX
259; H 503; K-S
718; O AED 425 (Alb shkurt short <
Gmc).
*skurtnan wk.vb.: ON skorta to be short
of, to lack, MDu schorten to be absent, to
mangle, to lack. Derived from *skurtaz.
Z Gutt. 157; T-F 455;
H 503.
*skurtjn sb.f.: ON skyrta shirt, robe (if
not from OE), OE scyrte short garment,
skirt, MLG schorte apron. Derived
from *skurtaz. H AEEW 286;
O 821, 832; V ANEW 510;
H 503; K-S 745;
O AED 425 (Alb shkurte shirt < Gmc).
*skutan sb.n.: ON skot shot, shooting,
OE scot rapid movement, OFris scot
throw, shot, OHG scoz catapult,
projectile. Derived from *skeutanan.
T-F 468; H AEEW
276; V ANEW 500; O 822823;
S 418; B Nom. 57.
*skuta-wuran sb.n.: ON pl. neut. skotyri scos, taunts, MHG schoz-wort id.
Compound of *skutan and *wuran.
J IEW 206 (*skuta- compared
with Gk kudzv to revile, to abuse);
V ANEW 500.
*skutilaz sb.m.: ON skutill harpoon, bolt,
skutilaz
347
sktn
AEEW 284; F 435; M III 508; P I 951 (to *skeulan ~ *sklan); V ANEW 506;
Z I 154; O 832; L
Verschrfung 17.7; V C-2829;
L GED 313.
*skbjanan wk.vb.: ON skfa to shove,
to push, OE scfan id., OFris skva id.,
MLG schuven id. Derived from *skeubanan
~ *skbanan. H AEEW 284;
V ANEW 506; O 823.
*sku sb.f.: Swed skofvel shovel, OE sco
id., OS wind-ska id., OHG scvala,
schvel id. Derived from *skeubanan ~
*skbanan. T-F 470.
*sklan sb.n.: MLG schl asylum. Cf.
also OFris skl id. < *skl. Identical with
Gk sklon weapons stripped o a slain
enemy, spoils. P I 951; D
VSJa 26; F II 742743.
*skraz sb.m.: Icel skrr shelter, OFris
skre shelter, screen (neut.), OS skr
id., MHG schr shelter, screen. Related
to Lith skr skin, bark, Lat ob-scrus
dark, dusky. T-F 466; WH II 196197; P I 951;
F 822; V ANEW 507 (to
*skeulan ~ *sklan); K-S 714.
*skr ~ *skraz sb.f./m.: Goth skura
storm, shower, ON skr shower, OE
scr id., OFris skr t of illness; shower
(of rain), OS skr blows in battle, OHG
scr shower (< *skriz). May be connected with Lat caurus northwest wind,
Arm c'urt cold, shower < *srdo-, Lith
iaurs North wind, Slav *sver north,
north wind (S KSB VI 149;
M IF XVI 100). T-F
466467 (to *skwjanan); W MLN
XXI 228; T BSW 303304;
M Etudes 410; B RFV LXVII
245; H AEEW 285; WH I 190; F 436; P I
597; C SSGJa I 5556; V
ANEW 507; F 978; Z II
197; S KZ LXX 65; O
823; V-T III 588589;
L GED 314; K-S 714.
*sktn sb.f.: ON skta small craft, cut-
sktn
348
slaixwn
*slaixwa-urnuz ~ *slaixwa-urnaz
sb.m.: Dan slaa-torn sloe, OE slh-orn
id., MLG sl-dorn id. Compound of
*slaixwn ~ *slaixwaz and *urnuz ~ *urnaz. T-F 532.
*slaixwn ~ *slaixwaz sb.m./f.: Dan
slaa sloe-thorn, OE slh id., MLG sl
slaixwn
349
slenanan
slenanan
350
slixtaz
slixtaz
351
slwan
slwan
352
smakjanan
smakjanan
353
*smakjanan
*smakkjanan
wk.vb.: Swed smacka to smack, OE smacian id., MLG smacken id. Related to Lith
smagi, smgti to og, to ing, to hurl,
Slav *smagati id. (Z Gutt. 165).
T-F 526; T BSW 270;
F 848.
*smalaz adj.: Goth smals small, ON smalr
id., OE sml id., OFris smel slim, thin,
OS smal id., OHG smal id. Probably
related to Gk mlon small cattle, Lat
malus bad, Slav *mal small (S
KZ XXXVII 17). See *mlan III.
K NB II 266267; B II
13; S KZ XXXVII 18; T-F
528; H AEEW 301; WH II 1920; F 439; P
I 724; V ANEW 519; F II 226
227; O 837; V-T II
564; L GED 315; B Nom. 249; H 517518;
K-S 730.
*smalxjaz adj.: MHG smelhe small, little.
Related to Lett smalks little, small, smalce
new shoot on the tree and, with a
dierent vocalism, to Lith smulks little,
small. Further connected with *smalaz.
T-F 528; F 839840,
849850.
*smalxj sb.f.: Norw smele, smylve Aira
exuosa, MHG smelha id. Substantivized
*smalxjaz. T-F 528.
*smaln ~ *smalan sb.m./n.: ON smali
small cattle, MHG smal-nz id. Connected with *smalaz. V ANEW 519;
L GED 316.
*smaltan ~ *smultan sb.n.: Norw smolt
melted fat, OE smolt lard, MLG smalt,
smolt fat, OHG smalz melted fat, lard.
Derived from *smeltanan. Cf. also *maltan.
T-F 529; H AEEW
303; S 439; L GED 144.
*smauaz adj.: OE smah subtle. Derived
from *smeuanan ~ *smanan. Formally
identical with Latv smaugs slender. TF 531532; H AEEW 301;
P I 745; H 518519.
smerwan
smerwan
354
smiaz
smiaz
355
(T ESSJa IX 124). P
RFV IV 209 (to Slav *md copper);
B IF VI 93 (to Gk smlh knife,
chisel); T-F 529; H
AEEW 302; F 3132; P I 966,
968; C SGGJa I 108; V
ANEW 520; Z II 203; O
838; L GED 23 (to *maitanan);
K-S 732.
*smijn sb.f.: ON smija smithy, OE
smie id., OFris smithe id., MLG smede id.,
OHG smitta id. Derived from *smiaz.
T-F 529; H AEEW
302; V ANEW 520; Z I 156;
O 838; L GED 23.
*smijanan wk.vb.: Goth ga-smion to
forge, OE smiian id., MLG smeden id.,
OHG smidn id. Derived from *smiaz.
T-F 529; H AEEW
302; F 201; V ANEW 520;
O 838.
*smtanan str.vb.: Goth ga-smeitan to
smear, OE smtan id., OFris smta id.,
MLG smiten id., OHG bi-smzan id.
Related to Arm mic dirt, Slav *smd
dark brown (S BB XXIX
30) and further to Gk smv to smear.
P EF I 253 (to Lat mitt to send);
B ZdWf VI 354355 (to Av
ha-msta- thrown down); T-F
530; F 9596; H AEEW
302; P I 966; C
1027; O 838; V-T
III 684; S 437438 (follows P);
L GED 7273; K-S
731.
*smjan sb.n.: ON smi smiths work,
MLG smde id., OHG gi-smdi metal.
Related to *smiaz. T-F 529;
V ANEW 520.
*sm sb.f.: ON sm craft, smiths
work, OHG smda metal, piece of metal
(to be worked on). Related to *smiaz.
T-F 529; V ANEW 520.
*smu(n) sb.f.: ON smuga narrow cleft
to creep through, hole, OE -smou
snakes skin. Derived from *smeuanan ~
*smanan. H AEEW 303;
V ANEW 520.
snaiwaz
snaiwaz
356
snarpjanan
snatn
357
*snawwjanan ~ *snuwwjanan
wk.vb.: Norw dial. snugga to sni, to
scent, MHG snouwen to sni, to wheeze.
Derived from *snawwaz. T-F
524.
*sneilaz sb.m.: ON snigill snail, OE
sneel id., OS snegil id., OHG snegil id.
Derived from *snen. T-F 519;
H AEEW 304; C
SGGJa I 74; V ANEW 524; Z
I 135; O 839840; K-S
735.
*snen sb.m.: MLG snigge snail, OHG
sneggo id. Related to Lith snk id. connected with IE *sn- to ow, to swim.
For the sux cf., probably, the Greek
sneumjanan
sneumjanan
358
snpjanan
snpjanan
359
snuz(n)
snbn
360
san
sjanan
361
*spaiskulran
*spaiskalrn
span(n)
span(n)
362
sparkn
sparrjanan
363
spelan
spelan
364
spnuz
spnuz
365
spln
spln
366
spreutanan
spreutanan
367
spurjanan
spurjanan
368
stai-lausaz
to x, to support. K KZ I 139;
K IF LVIII 268272; TF 483; L SNF IX/1 13;
T BSW 280; B RFV LXXV
147; H AEEW 314; F 446;
M III 511; P I 1012
1013; F 891; V ANEW 541;
Z II 189; O 860861;
S LS 54; V-T III
762763; G ZdPh LXXXVI
325352 (to *stebn ~ *stemn); L
GED 321; K-S 785.
*stabnjn sb.f.: ON stefna appointed
meeting, date, term, OE stefn, stemn turn,
time (masc.), MLG stevene arrival day.
Derived from *stabiz ~ *stabaz. TF 483.
*stabjanan wk.vb.: ON stafa to make
staves, to put letters together, OE staan
to direct, to dictate, OFris stavia to
make staves, to put letters together,
MLG staven id., OHG stabn to give an
oath at court. Derived from *stabiz ~
*stabaz. H AEEW 316; V
ANEW 540.
*staaz adj.: ON star restive (of a
horse). Identical with Skt sthit- standing, Gk statw, Lat status. See *staiz.
K NB II 302; T-F 478;
W-H II 596598; M III 526527; P I 1006;
V ANEW 540; F I 739; H 540541.
*stai-fastaz adj.: ON sta-fastr steadfast, OE stede-fst id., Fris steed-fest, MLG
stede-vast id. Compound of *staiz and
*fastaz. C Nom. comp. 61; O
865866.
*staiaz ~ *stauaz adj.: ON stugr
steady, stable, MLG stedich id., OHG
stetg id. Derived from *staaz or *staiz.
V ANEW 559.
*staijanan
*staujanan
stai-lausaz
369
stainaz
stainaz
370
stam(m)az
stam(m)az
371
stapiz
stapiz
372
stajanan
stajanan
373
stekanan
stekanan
374
stenanan
stenanan
375
sternn
sternn
376
steura-mannz
*steura-mannz ~ *steurja-mannz
sb.m.: ON stri-mar skipper, captain,
OE ster-mann steersman, MLG strmann id., MHG stiur-man id. Compound
steura-mannz
377
stijn
sthmi to put, Lat sist id., st to stand,
*stia-raipan
*stia-raipaz
sb.n./m.: ON stig-reip stirrup, OE stirp id., MLG stege-rp id., OHG stege-reif
id. Compound of *stian and *raipan ~
*raipaz. H AEEW 322; C
Nom. comp. 52; O 870.
*stiaz sb.m.: ON stigr path, footway,
MLG stech id., OHG steg footbridge, little bridge. A variant of *staz. TF 492.
*sti(n) sb.f.: ON upp-stiga ascent, OHG
stega step, ladder. See *stai, *stanan.
Particularly close to Latv stiga path,
Slav *stza id. Related to *stanan.
T-F 492; T BSW 286;
P I 1017; V ANEW 547;
S 466; V-T III
752; L GED 321.
*stixtiz sb.f.: ON sttt pavement, stepping-stones, EFris stigt stile. Derived
from *stanan. Structurally close to OIr
techt walk. T-F 491; P I
1017; V ANEW 547.
*stijn sb.f.: ON sta sty, kennel, svn-st
pig-sty (neut.), OE sti sty (neut.),
OFris stei id., MLG stege enclosure,
OHG stga barn for sheep or goats.
Of uncertain origin. T-F 490;
H AEEW 322; P I
stijn
378
straz
straz
379
H II 595; P I 10101011;
F 910.
*stirnan wk.vb.: ON stira to stare, to goggle, EFris stren to become rigid, MLG
stren id., G stieren id. Derived from *straz.
T-F 490; V ANEW 548549.
*sta-xrussan sb.n.: ON st-hross
stud-horse, stallion, OE std-hors id.,
OHG stuot-ros id. Compound of *stan
and *xrussan. C Nom. comp. 78 (parallel formations).
*sta-marxjn sb.f.: ON st-merr
brood-mare, OE std-mere id. Compound of *stan and *marxjn. C
Nom. comp. 82 (parallel formations).
*stan sb.n.: ON st stud, herd (of
horses), OE std id., OS std pen (for
horses) (fem.), OHG stuot herd (of
horses) (fem.). Together with Slav *stado
continues dialectal IE *stdhom, derived
from IE *st- to stand, see *stananan,
*stnan. T-F 479 (Slav < Gmc);
H AEEW 323, AWN 283;
P I 10041007; C
SGGJa I 83; V ANEW 550; Z
II 175; O 877; S LS 54;
V-T III 743; L
GED 33; K-S 806.
*stiz adj.: ON gagn-str contrary.
Close to Av stiti- standing, Lith stias
id., Latv sttis id., Slav *stat row, way,
composure. Continues *st-ti-, cf. *stnan.
B 1605; K NB II
186187; P I 1006; T
BSW 283; F 891; V ANEW
558; V-T III 748; L GED 324; M Festschr. Schrder
105, KZ CV 120, 132133; H
556.
*stjanan wk.vb.: Goth ana-stodjan to
begin, ON sta to establish. Formally
derived from *stan or *stiz. F
4445; V ANEW 558.
*stlaz sb.m.: Goth stols seat, chair,
throne, ON stll chair, stool, OE stl id.,
OFris stl id., OS stl id., OHG stuol id.
Close to Lith pa-stlas stand < *stlo-,
cf. also Slav *stol throne, table, chair.
Further to IE *st- to stand, to put, see
stwjanan
stwjanan
380
straumaz
straumaz
381
stranan
stranan
382
stufn
stufn
383
stur
stur
384
stpanan
stpanan
385
sumaz
sumaz
386
sunraz
sunraz
387
sunur
sunur
388
skanan
skanan
389
swaimjanan
swaimjanan
390
swampaz
swampaz
391
swarmaz
swarmaz
392
swefanan
swefanan
393
W-H II 561; J
IEW 800; M III 561; P
I 1048; V ANEW 528; S
482483; V-T III 732
733.
*swefnjanan wk.vb.: ON sofna to fall
asleep, OE swefnian to appear in a
dream, to dream. Derived from *swebnaz. Structurally close to Slav *snti to
fall asleep. V ANEW 528; VT III 733.
*sweljanan wk.vb.: Goth swiglon to
play the ute, OHG swegaln id. Derived
from *swel. F BB III 15, XIV
111; P Beitrge 355; T-F
554; F 467; L GED 335.
*swel(n) sb.f.: OE sweel music (?),
OHG swegala, swegel pipe. An onomatopoeic formation. Hardly related to
Lat sbilus, slus hissing, whistling (cf.
sbul utist < Etr uplu). T-F
554; H AEEW 334; WH II 531532, 620; P I
10401041; L GED 335.
*swexr(n) sb.f.: Goth swaihro mother-inlaw, ON svra id., OE swr id., swehor id.,
OFris swir id. Cf. also *swer > OE
sweer id., MDu sweger id., OHG swigar id.
Transformation of IE *ser id.: Skt va
r-, Gk kur, Arm skesur, Alb vjehrr, Lat
socrus, W chwegr, Slav *svekry. T-F
544; S Kl. Schr. 6062;
H AEEW 334, 336; WH II 550551; F 462463;
M III 400401; P I
10431044; T Rod. 118120;
V ANEW 571; Z II 181;
F I 478479; V-T III
572; B IEL 201; L GED
332; B Nom. 179; KS 751; O AED 510511.
*swexuraz sb.m.: Goth swaihra father-inlaw (n-stem), OSwed svr id., svr, OE
swehor, swor id., MDu sweer id., OHG
swehur id. Related to Skt vura- id., Gk
kurw id., Alb vjehrr id., Lat socer id.,
Lith uras id., Slav *svekr id. continuing
IE *seuros. Z Gutt. 191; TF 544; T BSW 295;
swelanan
swelanan
394
swenaz
swenaz
395
swbaz
W-P I 265; H
AEEW 335; P I 1050; V
ANEW 568; Z I 143; O
894; T Rem. 155, 363, 375;
V-T III 573574; S
LS 57; K-S 751.
*swerx( j)n sb.m.: ON svri neck, nape,
OE sweora, swira id. Related to Alb z-verk
occiput < PAlb *-swerka. Z Gutt.
50; H AEEW 337 (to Lat srus
branch); P I 1050 (to Skt svrupole); V ANEW 571 (to OE sweor
column, pillar, MHG swir riverside
post); H KZ CVII/1 165171 (Alb
< Goth *swairhs); O AED 526
527.
*swestr sb.f.: Goth swistar sister, ON
systir id., OE sweostor id., OFris swester id.,
OS swestar id., OHG swester id. Continues
IE *sesor- id.: Toch A ar, B er, Skt
svsar-, Arm k'oyr, Gk or: yugthr,
neciw (Hes.), Lat soror, OIr siur, Lith
sesu, Slav *sestra. Generalized Gmc *-str< *-sr- in oblique cases (B
Grundri I 776, II/1 333). P Kelt.
Gr. I 73; T-F 544; T
BSW 258; H AEEW 335336;
W-H II 563; F 469;
P Gliederung 79; M III
565; P I 1051; F 777
778; V ANEW 574; Z I
157; F I 530531; O 830;
S Kinship 313318; B
IEL 173; V-T III 612;
L GED 336337; B
Nom. 208; K-S 751; A
TB 661; B IFTJa 259.
*swezjaz sb.m.: OSwed swiri cousin,
OFris swire status of cousin, OE e-swiria
nephew, sisters son (masc. n-stem). Derived from *swsaz. H AEEW
338; P I 882; L GED
336.
*swbaz sb.m.: ON Svfa-land land of
Swabians, OE pl. Swfe Swabians,
OHG pl. Swba id. Cf. also Lat-Germ
Subi, Suvi. Based on the possessive
*se-. H AEEW 331; P I 882883; V ANEW 563;
swbaz
396
switjanan
switjanan
397
sw(t)
sw(t)
398
taran
t
*tajanan wk.vb.: ON teja to dung, to
taran
399
*taxria-xleuzaz ~ *taxrua-xleuzaz
adj.: ON trug-hlra with tearful cheeks,
OE teri-hler having the cheeks wet
with tears. Compound of *taxriaz ~
*taxruaz (see *taxr(uz)) and *xleuzaz (see
*xleuzan). C Nom. comp. 67.
*taxru(z) sb.n./m.: ON tr tear, OE ter
id., OFris tr id., OHG zahar id. (i-stem).
Related to Gk dkru id., OIr dr id., W
deigr id. C Gr. Et. 133; T-F
154; H AEEW 344; F 470;
S Language XV 180187; P
Gliederung 202; P I 179; V
ANEW 582; Z II 189; F I
344; O 906; K-S 903.
*taiaz sb.m.: ON teigr strip of land.
Structurally similar to Skt de- place,
region. Derived from *txanan. TF 163; M II 65; P I
188; V ANEW 585; B
Nom. 49.
*taixw(n) sb.f.: ON t toe (root stem),
OE the, t id., OFris tne id., MLG t, tn,
twe id., OHG zha id. Probably derived
from *txanan. Z Gutt. 70; TF 163; H AEEW 342;
P I 188189; C SGGJa
I 89; V ANEW 578; Z II
211; O 928; K-S 905;
B OFED s.v.
*taiknan sb.n.: Goth taikn token, ON
teikn token, sign, OE tcn id., OFris tken
id., OS tkan id., OHG zeihhan id. A phonetically irregular derivative of *txanan
(N Abri 165). K Festschr.
Kluge 6569; T-F 162; F 472;
H AEEW 341; P I
188189; V ANEW 585; Z II
190; O 929; L GED 340;
B Nom. 72, 147; S
KZ CIV 3640; K-S 905;
B OFED s.v.
tainjn
tainjn
400
taljanan
tal(n)
401
tanz
tie together, OE tengan to press, to hasten, MLG tengen to begin. Derived from
*tanxuz. F III 152; T-F 152;
H AEEW 345; P I 201;
V ANEW 586; H 591.
*tanjaz adj.: ON sam-tengr bandaged, OE
e-tene near, close, OS bi-tengi adhering, OHG gi-zengi reaching. Derived
from *tanjanan. K NB II 375;
T-F 152; H AEEW 345;
P I 201; V ANEW 581; M
KZ CV 103; H 590591.
*tan sb.f.: ON tng tongs (i-stem and
root stem), OE tan, tane id., OFris tange
id., OS tanga id., OHG zanga id. Related
to *tanjanan. T-F 152; M
UG I 72 (to Slav *dga arc); H
AEEW 342343; P I 201; V
ANEW 604; Z II 211; O
930; L GED 338; K-S
903 (to Alb dan tongs).
*tan(n) sb.m./f.: ON tangi spit of land,
pointed end by which the blade is driven
into the handle, MLG tange sandbank
between two marshes. Historically identical with *tan. Related to *tanjanan.
T-F 168; V ANEW 581.
*tanxuz adj.: ON sbst. t path, walk, OE
th tough, tenacious, MLG t, tie id.,
OHG zh hard, rm. Probably connected with Gk dasw thick, Lat dnsus
id. K NB II 374375; TF 152; H AEEW 350;
P I 191, 201202; V ANEW
579; O 933; L Expr. 170; H 591 592; K-S 902.
*tan-lausaz adj.: ON tann-lauss toothless, late OE t-les id., late OHG zandls id. Compound of *tanz and *lausaz.
C Nom. comp. 90 (parallel formations).
*tanjanan wk.vb.: ON tanna to dent,
Du dial. tanden to thrust teeth into.
Derived from *tanz. V ANEW 581.
*tanz sb.f./m.: ON tnn tooth (< *tanu-),
OE t id., OFris tth id., OS tand id.
(i-stem), OHG zand, zant, zan id. (i-stem).
Related to Skt dnt- id., Gk dn, dow
id., Arm atamn id., OIr dt, Lith dants id.
Cf. also *tunuz. T-F 154; H-
tanz
402
AEEW 351; M II
1617; P I 289; B BSL
XXXII 7476; C SGGJa I
103; F 82; V ANEW 604;
Z II 211; F II 352353;
C 776; O 931; S
180; L GED 349; B
Nom. 202; G Wurzelnomina
479481; K-S 902903.
*tappjanan wk.vb.: ON teppa to close, to
stop, to shut in, MLG teppen to plug,
MHG zepfen to tap. Derived from *tappn. V ANEW 586.
*tap(p)janan wk.vb.: ON tapa to lose,
to destroy, MLG tappen to touch
lightly. Based on *tappn. T-F
155; P I 155; V ANEW 582;
H 595.
*tappn sb.m.: ON tappi tap, OE tppa
id., MLG tappe id., OHG zapfo id.
Connected with Skt dpati to push, to
strike, Gk dfv to knead? P
LU XIV/31 60 (to *teppaz); T-F
155; H AEEW 341; P I
203; V ANEW 582; F I 372373;
O 903; K-S 903.
*taraz adj.: OHG zart delicate. Cf. MLG
tert-lik pampered. Identical with MPers dart
harassed. Derived from *teranan (G
DW 403). F 120 (against G);
T-F 158; L GED 92.
*tarjanan wk.vb.: Swed dial. targa to
pull with teeth, Norw dial. terga to tease,
OE tirgan to irritate, to provoke, MLG
tergen, targen to drag, to pull, G zergen to
pull. Related to Lith drginti to move, to
shake, Slav *drgati to pull. T-F
158; H AEEW 347; P I
210; F 96; S LS 19.
*tarn sb.f.: Gep *targa rim, edge, ON
targa target, a small round shield, OE
tare small shield, LG targe shield,
OHG zarga framing. Probably, connected with *tarjanan (W MLN XIII
292). Z Gutt. 181; T-F
158 (to Slav *po-dorg edge);
H AEEW 343 (OE < ON);
P I 213 (to Gk drssomai to
grasp); C- SGGJa I 73; V
taujanan
taujanan
403
texsw(n)
*texann
~
*texunn
~
*texunn num.: Goth taihunda tenth,
ON tundi id., OE tea id., OFris sbst.
tegotha tax, tithe, OS tegotho, tehando
tenth, OHG zehanto id. Derived from
*texun. Cf. Toch A knt, B kante tenth,
Gk dkatow id., Lith deiMtas id. TF 153; H AEEW 345; F
471472; P I 191192; F I
359; F 91; V ANEW 590;
L GED 339; R-B Numerals
631633; A TB 637; B IFTJa
257; B OFED s.v.
*texsw(n) sb.f.: Goth taihswa right hand,
texsw(n)
404
tenaz
tenaz
405
teunjanan
teunjanan
406
tixtiz
tixtiz
407
tk
tin id., MLG tin id., OHG zin id. A lightcolored metal called *di-no- and derived
from *dei-: Skt ddeti to shine, to be
bright, Gk impf. dato seemed (W
MLN XV 329). T-F 164 (from
Celtic, cf. Bret sten < *stagno- id.); H AEEW 349; M II 45;
P I 183185; V ANEW 589;
Z I 144; F I 354; O 925.
*titrjanan wk.vb.: ON titra to twinkle,
to shake, to shiver, OHG zittarn to
tremble. Of imitative origin. TF 164 (to Skt drti to run, to hasten,
Gk didrskv to run away); V
ANEW 590; K-S 913.
*titt(n) sb.f.: Norw dial. titta tit, OE titt
id. (masc.), MLG titte id., MHG zitze id.
A descriptive stem. T-F 163164.
*tiz sb.f.: ON t time, OE td id., OFris
td id., OS td id., OHG zt id.
Etymologically close to Arm ti age, Alb
dit day < *d-ti- (P KZ XXXIII
287). Cf. also Skt dti brightness, splendor? T-F 160161; K
ZdWf VIII 145146; H AEEW
346; M II 4445; P I
176; V ANEW 587; Z II 190;
O 923; B Nom. 146;
K-S 906; O AED 6667.
*tjanan wk.vb.: ON ta to long for, to
wish, MLG tden to desire. Derived from
*tiz. T-F 161; V ANEW 587.
*txanan str.vb.: Goth ga-teihan to announce,
to declare, ON 1 sg. pres. t to indicate,
OE ten to accuse, OFris pres. ur-ti(g)a
to refuse, to object, OS pres. af-than to
deny, to refuse, OHG zhan to accuse.
Connected with Hitt tekkui- to show,
Skt ddei to show, diti id., Gk deknumi
id., Lat dc to say. T-F 163;
F 204; H AEEW 349;
W-H I 348349; J IEW 471472; M II 43;
P I 188; C SGGJa I
87; V ANEW 590591; F I
355356; S 498500; L
GED 150; K-S 905906.
*tk sb.f.: ON tk bitch, MLG tke id.
Probably related to *tikkn. T-F 162.
tma-laz
408
tra
tra
409
trewan
trewan
410
trulljanan
trulljanan
411
to turn into a troll, MHG trllen to utter. Derived from *trullan. T-F
172; V ANEW 599600.
*trumaz adj.: OE trum strong, rm.
Identical with Skt drum- tree, Gk Hom
pl. drum copse, thicket, Thrac pln. Dindrmh. Further connected with *trewan
(O Etym. 109111). T-F
171; H AEEW 354; D
Thr. 137; M II 79; P I
216; F I 420; H 605.
*trumpjanan wk.vb.: Norw dial. trumpa
to hit, to push, MHG trumpfen to run.
Based on *trempanan. T-F 170.
*trusan sb.n.: ON tros droppings, rubbish,
twigs and leaves used for fuel, OFris tros
tree stump. Derived from *trewan. TF 171 (to ON tjrn pool, small lake),
NNEO 816 (to Norw trysja to rattle);
J PBB XV 238 (to Latv drst
cacare); P I 216; V ANEW
599.
*traz sb.m.: ON trr juggler, OE tr
trumpeter, actor. Identical with OIr
drth fool. H KZ LXXII 203
(to *truanan), AEEW 354; B Indf. 64
(ON < OE); F Lehnw. 19 (ON <
OIr); H ANF XXXVIII 36 (to
Dan trygle, LG troggelen to beg); P
I 216; V ANEW 599.
*trw sb.f.: ON tr trust, belief, faith,
OE trw faith, OHG trwa belief, trust.
Related to *trewwaz. T-F 171;
H AEEW 354; P I 216;
V ANEW 599; Z II 184;
B IEL 85; L GED 346.
*trwnan wk.vb.: Goth trauan to trust
(with a dierent vocalism), ON tra to
trust, to believe, OE trwian to trust, to
conde, OS trn to trust, OHG trn
to hope. Derived from *trw. TF 171; H AEEW 354; F
479; V ANEW 599; S LS 20
(directly to OPrus druwt to believe); L GED 346347; K-S 833.
*tun sb.m.: ON toddi bit, piece,
bunch, tuft, EFris todde bundle (fem.), E
tod bush, Du todde scrab, rag, OHG
zotto bush. Of unknown origin. T-
tumbjanan
tumbjanan
412
turban
turban
413
II 23; P I 212; V
ANEW 595; Z I 184; G Wurzelnomina 403404; KS 828829.
*turbjanan wk.vb.: ON tyrfa to cover with
turf , OE e-tyrfan to hit, to strike, MDu
turven, torven to extract peat. Derived
from *turban ~ *turbaz, *turb(n). H AEEW 358; V ANEW 603.
*turb(n) sb.f.: ON torfa piece of peat, OE
turf turf . See *turban ~ *turbaz. TF 158; H AEEW 355; V
ANEW 595; Z I 184; O 949.
*turan sb.n.: OE tord turd, dung, MDu
tort, torde id. Probably from part. *dt-, to
Latv drst cacare (P BB XIX 283).
T-F 156157 H AEEW
351; S KZ LXVI 203 (to Gk
dardanv to stain, Hes.); P I
207; O 949.
*tura-webilaz sb.m.: ON tor-yll
dung-beetle, OE tord-wifel id., ODu tortwevel id. A compound of *turan and *webilaz. C Nom. comp. 52; V ANEW
595; O 949; Z I 137.
*turxtaz adj.: OE torht bright, splendid,
OS torht id., OHG zoraht id. Identical
with Skt d- seen, visible, OIr an-dracht
ugly < *d-t-. Further related to *tarxjanan. Z Gutt. 17; T-F
157158; H AEEW 351;
M II 61; P I 213;
L GED 150; B Nom.
250; H 607608.
*turnaz adj.: OE torn grievous, distressing,
bitter, OS torn bitter, painful, MHG
zorn furious. Derived from *teranan.
Structurally close to Skt dra- torn, rent,
W darn piece, part, Slav *drn turf <
*dHn-. T-F 157; H
AEEW 351; M II 47; L
GED 150; L Expr. 330; H
608609; K-S 915.
*turnjanan wk.vb.: Goth af-taurnan to
tear o , Du tornen to depart. Related to
Hitt tarna- to leave, Skt dti to burst,
to tear (F 12). Formally derived from
*turnaz. T-F 156; M II
59; L GED 8.
twaliftn
twaliftiz
414
tw(u)
tw(u)
415
ana
AEEW 357; W-H I 381383,
F 484485; S JEGP XXVII
371382; M II 82; P I
228232; V ANEW 601; S
Numerals 24; F I 424425; O
951952; L GED 350; RB Numerals 565571 (compounds
with *enaz in WGmc); K-S
918; O AED 79; A TB 598599.
house, OIr tech house, Lat toga covering, garment, Lith stgas roof and is
eventually derived from *(s)teg- to cover.
T-F 176; T BSW 288;
H AEEW 359; W-H
II 654655; P I 10131014;
F 911; V ANEW 605; Z II 184; F II 780781; O
914; K-S 159.
*akjanan wk.vb.: ON ekja to cover, to
thatch, OE eccan to cover, OFris thekka
id., OS thekkian id., OHG decken id.
Derived from *akan roof . T-F
176; H AEEW 361; P I
1014 (to OIr -tuigiur to cover < *toge );
V ANEW 607; O 914; KS 165.
*akj(n) sb.f.: ON ekja roof , OFris
thekke id., OHG decka id. Derived from
*akan. T-F 176; P I 1014;
V ANEW 607.
*ambaz sb.n.: ON amba with full
belly, swollen. Identical with Slav *tp
blunt (F I 443; L IF XIX 362
365) and Toch A tampe force, ability.
T-F 181; P I 1065; V
ANEW 605; B Nom. 238;
H 611612; A TB 254.
*ana conj., ptcl.: Goth an but, then,
ON then, OE an id., OFris than id.,
OS than id., OHG dan id. Continues
demonstrative *a- (see *at) with a particle *na. Similar to *xwana ~ *xwannai.
ana
416
arbnan
arbnan
417
at
at
418
ewanjanan
ewanstn
419
elan
elan
420
enjanan
enjanan
421
ersanan
ersanan
422
*eua-kuninaz ~ *eua-kununaz
sb.m.: ON
ed-cynin
Compound
*kununaz.
j-konungr sovereign, OE
eujanan
eujaz
423
naz
naz
424
ras
ras
425
F II 929930; C 1131
1132; L GED 364365.
*rasjanan ~ *rsjanan wk.vb.: ON
rasa to talk big, to make a bold show,
OS thrsian id., OHG drsen to neigh, to
breathe hard. See *ras. Related to Skt
trsati to tremble, to quiver, Av frat6r6saiti to be afraid, Gk trv to tremble, Lat terre to frighten. T-F
191192; W-H II 674675;
M I 531532; P I 1095;
V ANEW 620; F II 929930;
L GED 364365.
*rastuz sb.m.: ON rstr thrush. A
derivative *rustln is found in WGmc:
OE rostle throstle, OS throsla, OHG
drscala. With irregular phonetic correspondences, close to Gk stroyow id., Lat
turdus id. < *tzdo-, MIr truid id., Lith
strzdas id., OPrus tresde id., Slav *drozd
id. Cf. also *rausk(n) > OE rsce id.,
OHG drsca id. T-F 192; T BSW 327; H AEEW 368,
370; W-H II 718; S
229, 245; P I 1096; C
SGGJa I 59; F 920; V ANEW
625; F II 811; O 920921;
H KZ XCV 81; K-S 196.
*rautiz ~ *rautaz sb.f./m.: ON raut
struggle, exertion, labor, OE rat violence, compulsion, force, MLG drt
threat, MHG drz vexation, inconvenience. Derived from *reutanan. Structurally close to Slav *trud diculty, labor.
T-F 194; H AEEW
368; P I 10951096; V
ANEW 620; Z II 190; O
919; L GED 384.
*rautjanan wk.vb.: ON reyta to strive,
to struggle, OE rtan to weary, to urge,
MDu droten to threaten, OHG drzen to
make unfaithful. Causative of *reutanan.
T-F 195; H AEEW 369;
V ANEW 621622; S 523.
*rawan sb.n.: ON r hard struggle,
obstinacy, OS thr-werk suering, torment. Substantivized *rawaz. T-F
193; P I 1073; V ANEW 618
619; Z I 149; H 625.
remmanan
remmanan
426
ruz
ruz
427
rx
rx
428
unuz
unuz
429
*unnu-wanan ~ *unnu-wann
ur(i)saz
I 474475; P I 1069; V
ANEW 627; O 917; P IF XL
207; L GED 374; B
Nom. 263; H KZ XCIX
282283, 630; K-S 200.
*unraz sb.m.: ON theon. rr, OE unor
thunder, OFris thuner id., OS thunar id.,
OHG donar id. Related to Skt stnati to
thunder, Gk stnv to moan, to sigh,
Lat ton id., Slav *stenati id. T-F
178; H AEEW 372; WH II 690691; M I 510;
P I 1021; V ANEW 618;
Z I 137; F II 789790;
O 921; S IBK XV 202
203 (to OIr torann thunder); L
GED 360; K-S 189.
*unrjanan wk.vb.: Norw dial. tra to
thunder, OE unrian id., MLG donern id.,
OHG donarn id. Derived from *unraz.
T-F 178.
*urbaz ~ *urbn adj.: Goth ga-aurbs
self-controlling, forgoing, gkratw, ON
ur wanting, in need of . Derived from
*arfa. F 206, 491492; M
Festschr. Schrder 98; H 630.
*urnan wk.vb.: ON ora to dare. A
weak verb based on the unattested
*uraz, cf. *urn > ON ori greater part,
main part. Etymologically connected
with Skt tur- strong, powerful, rich.
M I 514; P I 1083.
*urftaz adj.: Goth aurfts necessary.
Identical with Skt tpt-, participle of
tpyati to satisfy oneself, to be pleased.
Further see *arfa. T-F 182;
F 491492; M I 524;
B Nom. 250.
*urftiz sb.f.: Goth aurfts need, necessity, ON yrft id., OS thurft id., OHG
durft id. Derivationally identical with Skt
tpti- satisfaction, contentment. See
*arfa. K KZ I 39; T-F
182; F 501492; M I 523;
P I 1078; V ANEW 627;
Z I 151; S 509; L
GED 357; B Nom. 141.
*ur(i)saz sb.m.: ON urs giant, OE yrs
id., OHG duris devil, evil spirit. Derived
ur(i)saz
430
utan
utan
431
wenanan
wen3anan
432
ubesw
u
*uba prep.: Goth uf under, ON of over,
ubesw
433
uxsn
uxsn
434
unurniz
unurniz
435
urti-araz
urzn
436
S 606; D BSA 143144.
*urzn sb.m.: ON orri heathcock, moorfowl, Norw orre aurochs. Cf. also OHG
orre-hano pheasant. Identical with Av
aran- man, Gk rshn, rshn male,
masculine. Cf. also Skt a-bh- bull.
B 203204; T-F 32;
P I 336; V ANEW 420; F
I 152153.
*usln ~ *uslj sb.m./f.: ON usli conagration, embers, OE ysel, ysle spark,
ash, ember, MLG sele hot ashes, MHG
usele id. Probably derived from IE *eus-,
cf. Lat r to burn, Gk ev to singe.
T-F 33; H AEEW 413;
W-H II 841842; P I
348; V ANEW 636; F I 3 F I
596597.
*ustr( j)az adj.: Swed yster very active,
OHG ustar greedy. Probably, derived
from IE *eus- to burn. T-F 33;
P I 348, 11701171.
*utraz sb.m.: ON otr otter, OE oter id.,
MLG otter id., OHG ottar id. Identical
with Skt udr- aquatic animal, Av udr
id., Gk drow water snake, cf. also Lith
dra otter, Slav. *vydra id. (F
KZ I 494) with long vocalism explained
by Winters law; further connected with
IE *edr water. M MSL XIV
342; B 387; T-F 384;
T BSW 334; H
AEEW 243; M I 104; P
I 79; V ANEW 421; Z I
137; F II 11571158; F II
957; V-T I 367; K-
faz
Z II 184; F II 442443;
O 954; K-S 237238.
*faz ~ *fn sb.m.: ON fr a kind of
owl, OE f owl, OHG vo id. Related
to Lav Upis owl, Slav *vyp bittern
(P Beitrge 495). Z Gutt. 17;
T-F 32; B RFV LXV 323;
faz
437
T BSW 335; H
AEEW 375; P I 1103; V
ANEW 632; V-T I 369.
*ran I sb.n.: ON r metal slag, LG r
soil containing iron. Identical with OIr
r earth, clay. T-F 6; V
ANEW 635.
*ran II sb.n.: ON r drizzling rain.
Related to OPrus wurs pool, pond, with
a dierent ablaut grade Lith jura marsh,
swamp. Further see *warn ~ *waraz
(B KZ XX 2930). T-F 32;
P I 8081; F 198.
*riaz adj.: ON rigr wet, OE ri-feera
wet-feathered. Derived from *ran II.
H AEEW 377; P I 80.
*ruz sb.m.: Goth uraz name of the urune, ON rr aurochs, OE r a kind of
ox, bison (a-stem), MLG r aurochs,
OHG ro id. (n-stem). Connected with
*ran II (G PBB XXI 209), cf.
the same semantic development in IE
*sen- male from *ers- rain. F KZ I 499 (related to Lat rus);
F BB II 337 (identical with Skt
usr- bull, which is, however, metaphorically derived from usr- early in the
morning); T-F 32; H
AEEW 377; F 527; P I 80;
V ANEW 636; L GED 379;
K-S 62 (to *sen- male).
*t adv.: Goth ut out, ON t id., OE t
wabjaz
w
*wab(a)ljanan wk.vb.: ON vaa to hover
about, G wabelen to move busily. See
*wab(a)rjanan. V ANEW 638 (to ON
vfa to swing, to vibrate); H 642.
*wab(a)rjanan wk.vb.: ON vafra to
hover about, Du wapperen to move back
and forth, MHG waberen to move back
and forth, to work busily. Connected
with *wabn. J GGA 1890 767
768 (to Lat uapor steam), BB XVIII 31;
wabjanan
438
wajanan
wajaz
439
waxtuz
waxtuz
440
waipaz
waipn
441
waknan
waknan
442
wala-kuzjn
*wala-rauzaz ~ *wala-rauzjn
sb.m.: ON val-dreyri the blood of the
slain, OE wl-drer id. Compound of
*walaz II and *rauzaz ~ *drauzjn.
C Nom. comp. 55.
*wala-fallaz sb.m.: ON val-fall the fall of
the slain, OE wl-feall id. Compound of
*walaz II and *fallan ~ *fallaz. C
Nom. comp. 55.
*wala-kuzjn sb.f.: ON val-kyrja
Valkyrie, chooser of the slain, OE wlcyre id. Compound of *walaz II and
wala-kuzjn
443
walxaz
walxaz
444
foreign, ON pl. valir (Celtic) inhabitants of Northern France, OE wealh foreigner, slave, Celt (esp. of Britain), MLG
wale Welsh, OHG pl. Walaha Roman,
Rutulian. Borrowed from Celt-Lat
Volcae, name of a Celtic people (S UGG 136). As to *walxa-xnutz (>
ON val-hnot walnut, OE wealh-hnutu id.,
MLG wal-nut id.), it is a calque of Rom
*nux gallica id. > Fr noix gauge (W
IF LXII 3361). Z Gutt. 142;
T-F 403; H AEEW
386; V ANEW 641; Z II 191;
O 990, 999; B 293; K
714; K-S 873, 884885.
*walxiskaz adj.: ON valskr foreign, of
Northern France, OE wlisc foreign,
Welsh, MLG welsch Romance, OHG
walahisc Welsh, Romance. Derived from
*walxaz II. T-F 403; H
AEEW 393; V ANEW 642; O
999; K-S 884885.
*waljanan wk.vb.: Goth waljan to
choose, ON velja id., OHG wellen id.
Derived from *wel(j)anan. T-F 400;
F 548549; P I 1137; V
ANEW 653; O 1007; S 551;
L GED 392; K-S 871.
*walkan sb.n.: ON valk tossing to and
fro, OE e-wealc rolling, motion, attack,
MDu walc felted wad. Close to Lat
ualgus bow-legged, Latv valgs cord.
Derived from *walkanan. T-F
402; H AEEW 385; WH II 728729; P I 1144;
V ANEW 641; S 537.
*walkanan str.vb.: OE wealcan to roll, to
toss, MDu walken to roll, OHG part.
gi-walchenemo concreto. Related to Skt
vlgati to leap, to bound, to wave, Lat
ualgus having the calves of the legs
bent outwards, bow-legged (F I 541),
Latv valgs cord. P Wurzelerw.
131, Beitrge 85, 543; T-F 402;
H AEEW 385; M III
164 (against the comparison with Skt);
P I 11401144; V ANEW 641;
S 537; K-S 872873.
*walkjanan wk.vb.: ON valka to roll,
walt
wal( j)
445
wan(a)kaz
wan(a)kaz
446
wanaz
wanaz
447
waraz
waraz
448
warjanan
warjanan
449
warjanan
warjanan
450
waskanan
waskanan
451
wera-daaz
wera-daaz
452
*wera-laikaz
wextiz
wextiz
453
wel(n)
L GED 403; K-S 897.
wel(n)
454
wenaz
wenaz
455
wentruz
wentruz
456
werkan
werkan
457
weranan
weranan
458
weslan
weslan
459
weruz
weruz
460
wjanan
wjanan
461
wr
wr
462
wira-aliz
wira-eu
463
witnan
witnan
464
wban
wban
465
wxanan
wxanan
466
wna-runkanaz
wna-fatan
467
wsn
wsn
468
wwn
wlaitjanan
469
wmaz
wmaz
470
wrain( j)n
wrain( j)n
471
wrekanan
wrekanan
472
writan
writan
473
wulfaz
wulfaz
474
wunran
wunran
475
wurjanan
wurjanan
476
wuriz
GED 396397; K-S 893.
*wurma-araz ~ *wurmi-araz
sb.m.: ON orm-garr pit of serpents, OE
wyrm-eard enclosure full of snakes, MHG
wurm-garte pit of serpents. Compound of
*wurmaz ~ *wurmiz and *araz. C
Nom. comp. 77 (parallel formations).
*wurmaz ~ wurmiz sb.m.: Goth waurms
snake, ON ormr serpent, OE wyrm id.,
OFris worm id., OS wurm id., OHG wurm
id. Related to Gk =omow: sklhj n
jloiw (Hes.), Lat uermis worm, Lith
vamas midge (S KZ I 154:
mistakenly adds reexes of *k mi-;
Z IF VI 156), Alb rrime rainworm
< *m. A rhyme formation parallel to
*kmi- (W apud M
EWAiA I 394). Z Gutt. 18; TF 415; T BSW 342;
H AEEW 412; WH II 760; F 555556; P
Gliederung 209; P I 1152;
C SGGJa I 60; F
1201; V ANEW 420; Z II
191; F II 662; O 10121013;
L GED 397; K-S 899;
O IF XCIII 116, AED 386.
*wurtiz sb.f.: Goth waurts root, ON urt
plant, OE wyrt plant, herb, root, OS
wurt id., OHG wurz herb, plant, root.
Related to Gk =dij branch, Alb rrnj
~ rranj root < PAlb *wradnj, Lat rdx
id., W gwraidd id. (zero grade). B
MSL XII 328329; T-F 397;
H AEEW 412; WH II 415; F 556; P I
1167; F II 655656; V ANEW
636; Z I 151; O 1013;
O AED 384; K-S 899.
*wuriz sb.f.: ON ur heap of rocks at the
foot of a mountain, OE wor enclosed
place, enclosed homestead, court, hall,
street, OS wurth trampled oor. Related
to *warjanan. Structurally close to Toch A
wrt, B wartto forest, OIr fert burial
mound. T-F 395; H
AEEW 406; P I 1162; V
ANEW 635; O 1013; L GED
394; A TB 580.
INDICES*
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
Gothic
aba 1
abrs 1
af 1
afaikan 6
afar 2
afara 2
afdauis 70
afetja 88
afgus 145
afhlaan 175
afhrisjan 187
afapjan 198
aet 244
aifnan 245
ainnan 246
afmauidai 274
afskiuban 339
afslaupjan 349
afswaggwjan 391
afswairban 395
afta 2
aftana 2
aftaro 2
aftaurnan 413
aftra 3
aftuma 3
aftumists 3
afwalwjan 445
agan 3
aggwia 19
aggwus 19
agis 3
aglaitei 3
agljan 4
aglus 4
aha 29
ahana 3
ahs 4
ahtau 5
ahtuda 5
aa 5
aibr 406
aigin 6
aih 6
aihtron 6
aihts 6
* Do not include forms from references.
aiatundi 83
ainaha 8
ainakls 8
ainfals 8
ainlif 8
ains 9
air 9
airinon 9
airis 9
aira 86
airakunds 85, 223
airus 9
airzeis 86
airzia 86
airzjan 86
aiei 10
ais 10
aiau 86
aiw 10
aiws 10
aiz 11
aizasmia 354
ajukdus 11
ak 11
akran 12
akrs 12
alabrunsts 58
Alafonsus 119
alamans 1213
alan 12
aldomo 13
alds 13
aleina 14
alhs 14
alja 15
aljaleiko 15
aljan 15
aljis 15
allawerei 16
alls 16
allwaldands 16
alt 13
aleis 16
ams 17
an 17
ana 17
478
anabiudan 43
anabusns 65
analaugns 238
anaminds 268
anananjan 281
ananiujan 284
anapraggan 293
anasiuns 322
anastodjan 379
anatrimpan 409
anaiwan 419
anawairs 456
anawammjan 445
and 18
andabeit 46
andahafts 149
andahait 153
andanem 286
andanems 286
andanumts 289
andasets 328
andawleizn 469
andbahti 18
andbahts 18
andeis 18
andilaus 18
andizuh 18
andstald 370
andstaldan 370
andstaurran 384
andwaurdjan 475
ans 20
anses 21
ansts 21
anar 21
apel 21
aqizi 12
ara 25
arbais 22
arbi 22
arbinumja 289
arbja 22
arazna 23
arjan 23
armahairtei 24
armahairtia 24
armahairts 24
arman 24
arms 24
asans 31
asiluqairnus 228
asilus 25
asneis 26
asts 26
at 26
atani 28
INDICES
atbairan 41
atisk 26
atochta 27
atta 27
atinsan 421
an 28
aan 28
audags 28
audahafts 28
augadauro 28
augjan 28
augo 29
auhns 433
auhsa 433
auk 29
aukan 29
aurtigards 435
auso 30
aueis 30
-avia
awei 31
awiliu 243
awistr 31
awo 31
azgo 26
ba 51
baar 36
badi 32
bagms 32
baidjan 32
bairan 41
bairgan 42
bairhtei 42
bairhtjan 42
bairhts 42
baitrs 33
balgs 33
balsagga 20
baljan 34
balwawesei 34
bandi 35
bandwa 35
bandwjan 35
banja 35
bansts 35
barizeins 37
barms 37
barn 37
barnisks 37
bars 36
batista 38
batiza 38
bauan 52
baur 64
baurgs 63
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
baurgswaddjus 441
baurei 64
baus 40
beidan 46
beitan 46
bi 44
bida 45
bidjan 45
bigairdan 147
bigitan 133
bihaitja 153
bilaibjan 232
bindan 41
biniuhsjan 284
biraubon 298
bisauljan 320
biugan 43
bius 43
biwaibjan 440
blandan 47
blaujan 48
bleiei 49
bleijan 49
bleis 49
bliggwan 48
blinds 48
bloma 50
blotan 51
blo 50
bloarinnands 50
bnauan 285
boga 61
boka 51
bota 52
botjan 52
bra 57
braidei 53
brais 53
breen 57
briggan 55
brikan 55
brinnan 56
brinno 56
broe 54
broar 57
brorulubo 249
brukjan 60
bruks 60
brunjo 58
brunna 58
brusts 59
brufas 88
brus 59
bugjan 61
criten 222
daddjan 67
dags 66
daigs 66
Danus 68
daubia 69
daufs 69
daug 69
dauhtar 78
dauhts 78
dauns 69
daupjan 69
daur 79
daurawarda 448
daurawards 79, 448
daujan 69
daus 69
dauus 70
dishniupan 180
disskreitan 344
distairan 405
diswinjan 456
diupei 71
diupia 71
diups 71
dius 71
diwan 72
domjan 73
doms 73
dragan 74
dragk 74
dragkjan 74
draibjan 74
drauhtinon 77
drauhtiwito 77
dreiban 76
drigkan 75
driugan 75
driusan 76
drobjan 77
drugkanei 77
drunjus 77
drus 77
duginnan 132
dulgs 78
duls 79
dumbs 79
dwalia 81
dwals 81
ei 203
eisarn 204
Ermeniricus 85
faginon 89
fagrs 89
fahan 92
479
480
faihu 97
faihufrikei 113
faihufriks 97, 113
faihugairns 97, 132
faihugeiro 132
fairguni 99
fairus 100
fairina 100
fairinon 100
fairneis 101
fairns 100
fairra 99
fairzna 101
falan 91
-fals 90
fana 92
fani 92
faran 93
farjan 93
fastan 94
fastubni 95
faa 95
fauho 117
faur 119
faura 119
fauragaggi 126
fauragaggja 126
faurdammjan 68
faurhtei 120
faurhtjan
faurhts 120
faurmuljan 278
fauris 121
fenea
fera 102
fers 100
fetjan 103
dur 96
durdogs 73
dwor 96
ggraguls 98
ggrs 99
jan 103
jands 103
jawa 103
lhan 97
lleins 97
lu 98
lufaihs 89
luwaurdei 475
mf 98
mfta 98
nan 99
skon 103
sks 103
ahta 104
auts 106
INDICES
odus 107
okan 108
fodjan 109
fodr 109
fon 119
fotubaurd 63, 110
fotus 110
fraatjan 27
fragildan 130
fragjan 110
frahinan 169
fraihnan 113
fraisan 111
fraiw 111
fralets 245
fraliusan 243
fralusnan 251
fralusts 251
framaeis 111
framajan 111
framgahts 126
fraslindan 349
frasts 111
frai 112
frajan 112
frauja 112
frawardjan 448
frawaurhts 476
frawaurhts 476
fraweitan 468
frawrohjan 473
Fredumirus 115
freidjan 115
freis 114
fri( j)awa 113
friawamilds 266
frijon 114
frijonds 114
frius 116
frodei 115
fros 115
fruma 116
frumei 116
frumists 116
fugls 116
fula 118
fullaweis 118
fullaweisjan 468
fulljan 118
fullnan 118
fullo 118
fulls 118
fuls 121
gaaggwjan 20
gaaiginon 6
gabairan 41
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
gabatnan 39
gabaur 62
gabaurs 63
gabei 121
gabigs 121
gablindjan 48
gabrannjan 54
gabruka 58
gadaban 66
gadailjan 67
gadars 68
gadaubjan 69
gades 72
gadiliggs 121
gadofs 73
gadrausjan 75
gafah 92
gafahrjan 89
gafaurs 120
gafrion 115
gagawairjan 456
gageigan 134
gaggan 125
gahaftnan 149
gahailnan 152
gahardjan 162
gahlaiba 174
gahugds 190
gahweitjan 202
gaotjan 199
gaidw 122
gailjan 123
gairda 132
gairnei 132
gairnjan 132
Gaiswalds 123
gaits 123
gajuka 207
gakroton 222
gakunnan 224
gakunai 223
gakusts 226
galaubjan 238
galaufs 237
galeika 248
galeiki 248
galeikon 248
galeiks 247
galeian 248
galga 124
galukan 252
gamainei 255
gamainja 255
gamainjan 255
gamains 255
gamais 254
gamalteins 258
gamalwjan 258
gaman 259
gamaurgjan 276
gamini 268
gamot 274
gamotjan 274
gamunds 275
ganagljan 279
ganah 279
ganaitjan 280
gangjan 126
ganisan 284
ganists 284
ganohjan 289
ganohs 289
gansjan 129
gaqiss 229
gaqiujan 230
gaqums 230
garaideins 295
garaihtei 301
garaihtjan 301
garais 295
garajan 298
garazna 300
garda 127
gards 126
garedan 303
garius 302
garuni 310
garuns 308
gasahts 312
gasateins 319
gasibjon 321
gasina 325
gasinja 325
gaskafts 331
gaskapjan 334
gaskeirjan 342
gaskohi 342
gasmeitan 355
gasmion 355
gasojan 361
gastagqjan 371
gastaurknan 384
gasts 127
gasuljan 385
gaswikunjan 224
gaswinjan 395
gaswogjan 397
gatamjan 401
gatarhjan 402
gateihan 407
gatilon 407
gatils 407
gatiman 404
gatwo 128
481
482
gaarban 416
gaaurbs 429
gaaursans 421
gaaursnan 430
galaihan 104
gaumjan 128
gaurs 129
Gauts 129
gawadjon 438
gawaknan 442
gawamms 445
gawargjan 448
gawaurdi 475
gawaurki 476
gaweison 468
gawi 128
gawidan 451
gawigan 452
gawrisqan 472
gawundon 474
gazds 129
geen 133
giba 130
giban 130
gibla 130
gild 130
gilstr 131
Gislamundus 135
gistradagis 132
giutan 133
glaggwaba 136
godei 138
goljan 138
gos 138
graba 139
graban 139
gramjan 140
gras 140
gredags 142
gredus 142
greipan 143
gretan 142
grets 142
grindafrajis 141
gris 142
groba 143
grunduwaddjus 144
gudafaurhts 144
gudalaus 145
gudaskaunei 337
gudhus 144, 196
gudja 145
guleins 146
gul 145
guma 146
gund 146
INDICES
Gutiuda 147
gu 145
gublostreis 50
haban 147
haf 147
hafa 147
hafjan 149
haftjan 149
hafts 149
hahan 160
haidus 151
haifsts 151
haihs 151
hailags 151
hailjan 152
hails 151
haimoli 152, 291
haims 152
hairda 170
hairdeis 169
hairto 170
hairus 171
hais 154
haitan 153
haii 154
hains 154
hakuls 154
halba 155
halbs 154
haldan 155
halja 156
hallus 156
hals 156
halts 157
hamfs 158
hana 161
handugei 159
handugs 159
handus 159
handuwaurhts 159
hansa 161
hardus 162
harjis 163
hatan 165
hatis 165
hatjan 165
haubi 165
hauhei 166
hauhhairts 165
hauhia 166
hauhjan 166
hauhs 166
haunia 166
haunjan 166
hauns 166
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
haurds 194
hauri 195
haurn 195
haurnjan 195
hausjan 167
hawi 167
hazjan 167
hebba 147
heito 173
heiwafrauja 173
her 172
hejo 196
hidre 172
hilms 168
hilpan 168
himinakunds 169
himins 169
hindana 172
hindar 173
hindarweisei 467
hiufan 171
hiwi 171
hlahjan 173
hlaifs 173
hlaiw 174
hlauts 175
hleibjan 177
hleira 177
hlifan 175
hliuma 176
hliu 176
hlutrei 179
hlutrs 178
hnaiwjan 179
hnaiws 179
hnasqus 179
hneiwan 180
hnuo 181
hoha 182
holon 182
hors 182
hrainei 183
hrainjahairts 183
hrainjan 183
hrains 183
hraiwa
hraiwadubo 80, 183
hramjan 184
hropjan 188
hrops 188
hrot 188
hroeigs 189
hrugga 189
huggrjan 193
hugjan 190
hugs 190
huhrus 194
hulistr 191
huljan 191
huls 192
hundafas 193
hunds 193
hunsl 194
huns 194
hups 194
hus 196
huzd 196
a 199
adre 197
airban 200
airnei 200
aiteis 197
aiwa 199
an 198
ar 198
arbon 198
arjis 198
as 199
assei 198
a 199
aar 199
ao 199
e 201
eila 201
eilaairbs 200
eilan 201
eits 201
ileiks 201
opan 202
ota 202
otjan 202
iba 82
ibai 82
ibnaleiks 82
ibns 82
idweit 468
iel 151
igqar 84
igqara 208
ik 83
im 458
in 84
inn 83
inna 83
innana 84
insailjan 312
inu 87
inwidan 451
inwinds 455
is 203
483
484
ist 86
ita 203
itan 86
i 82
iup 435
ja 204
jabai 204
jah 204
jaind 205
jains 204
jer 206
jiukan 206
jiuleis 205
ju 207
juggs 207
juk 207
jukuzi 207
junda 207
jus 208
kalbo 209
kalds 209
kann 210
kannjan 210
kara 210
karon 211
kas 212
katils 211
kaupon 211
kaurn 225
kaurus 225
kausjan 211
keinan 214
kilei 212
kinnus 212
kiusan 213
kniu 218
knos 218
Kreks 221
kriustan 221
kukjan 222
kunawida 223, 464
kuni 224
kuni 224
kuns 224
kustus 226
laggamodei 235
laggei 236
laggs 235
lagjan 231
laian 244
laiba 232
laikan 232
laiks 233
lais 233
INDICES
laisjan 233
laistjan 233
laists 233
lamb 234
land 235
lasiws 237
latei 237
latjan 237
lats 237
laon 237
laugnjan 238
lauhatjan 250
laun 239
launawargs 448
laus 239
lausawaurdei 239
lausawaurds 239
lausjan 239
leihts 240
leian 247
leik 247
leikan 248
lein 248
leitils 248
leiu 249
lekeis 244
lekinon 244
letan 244
lew 245
lewjan 245
liban 245
ligan 240
ligrs 240
lisan 241
listeigs 246
lists 246
lita 246
lius 246
liubaleiks 241
liudan 242
liufs 241
liuga 242
liugan 242
liuha 242
liuhtjan 243
liutei 243
liuts 243
liuon 243
lofa 249
lubains 249
lubjaleis 249
luftus 249
lukarnastaa 373
luns 251
luston 251
lustus 251
lustusama 251, 317
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
mag 252
magas 253
magus 253
mahteigs 254
mahts 254
maidjan 254
maihstus 271
mail 254
mais 257
maists 256
maitan 256
maims 256
maiza 257
malan 257
malma 258
malo 258
man 259
managei 259
managfals 259
manags 259
manamaurrja 277
manases 327
manauli 260
manleika 260
manna 260
mannisks 260
manwus 260
marei 261
marisaiws 261
marka 262
marzjan 262
matibalgs 263
matjan 263
mats 263
maa 264
mal 263
maljan 263
maudjan 264
maurgins 276
maurnan 277
maurr 277
maurrjan 277
mawi 254
mawilo 254
megs 269
meina 83
meins 273
meki 269
mel 269270
meljan 270
mena 270
menos 270
meria 270
merjan 270
midjis 264
midjungards 264
miduma 265
mik 83
mikilei 265
mikiljan 265
mikils 265
mildia 266
mili 266
miluks 267
mimz 267
mins 271
mis 83
missades 272
missaleiks 272
mitan 268
miton 268
mi 268
miwissei 463
mizdo 272
modags 273
mota 274
mos 273
mukamodei 278
mulda 275
munan 276
Mundila 275
mundon 275
mundrei 276
muns 276
muns 276
nadrs 279
nahts 279
namnjan 280
namo 280
naqas 280
nasjan 281
nasjands 281
nati 281
natjan 282
naudibandi 282
nauh 289
naus 283
naujan 283
naus 282
ne 285
ne 286
neundja 286
nei 289
nei 289
nela 287
ni 283
niba 283
nidwa 287
niman 284
nian 287
nijis 287
niujis 284
niun 285
485
486
niunda 285
niutan 285
nu 289
og 290
ogjan 290
paida 291
peikabagms 292
penus 99
puggs 293
qainon 226
qairrus 229
qens 230
qiman 227
qinein 228
qino 228
qistjan 229
qian 229
qius 230
qius 230
qums 231
ragin 294
raginon 294
raidjan 295
raihts 300
rasta 298
rajo 298
raupjan 299
raus 299
raus 299
razda 299
razn 300
reikeis 305
reiki 305
reiks 305
reiran 296
rign 300
rignjan 300
rikan 301
rimis 302
rinnan 302
rinno 302
riqis 301
riurjan 303
riurs 303
rodjan 306
rum 309
Ruma 309
rums 309
runa 310
runs 308
sa 310
saggqjan 318
INDICES
saggqs 318
saggws 318
sai 312
saian 327
saihs 322
saihsta 322
saian 323
sainjan 313
sair 313
saiwala 314
saiws 314
sakan 314
sakjo 315
sakkus 315
salbon 315
saliwa 315
saljan 316
salt 316
saltan 316
sama 317
samakuns 317
samaleiks 317
samana 317
sama 317
samjan 317
sandjan 318
satjan 319
sas 310
sauhts 385
sauil 361
sauls 389
saurga 388
saurgan 388
saus 319
schediit 341
schediit 6
schieten 339
schuos 359
seins 330
selei 327
sels 327
si 329
sibja 320
sibun 321
sidon 321
sidus 321
siggwan 324
sigis 322
sigqan 325
sik 323, 333
silba 323
sildaleiks 323
silubr 328
silubreins 329
simle 324
sind 458
sineigs 324
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
sinteins 408
sins 325
sis 321, 326
sitan 325
sitls 326
siujan 329
siukan 326
siukei 326
siuks 326
siuns 322
skaban 330
skadus 331
skaidan 331
skal 332
skalja 332
skalks 332
skaman 333
skanda 334
skatts 336
skais 336
skajan 336
skauls 336
skaudaraip 296, 336
skauns 336
skaut(s) 337
skeima 341
skeinan 341
skeirs 341
skewjan 340
skildus 337
skilliggs 338
skip 340
skohs 342
skohsl 342
skuft 345
skuggwa 347
skula 345
skura 347
slahan 348
slahs 348
slaihts 350
slawan 352
sleideis 351
sleis 351
slepan 350
sleps 350
sliupan 350
smakka 352
smals 353
snaiws 355
sneian 358
sniumjan 357
sniwan 358
snorjo 359
snutrei 359
snutrs 359
so 310
sokjan 360
sokns 360
so 360
spaiskuldr 361
sparwa 363
spaurds 367
speiwan 365
spilda 363
spill 363
spilla 363
spillon 363
spinnan 364
stafs 368
staiga 369
stainahs 369
stains 369
stairno 375
stairo 376
stamms 370
standan 371
Starcedius 372
stas 369
stautan 373
steigan 378
stibna 373
stigqan 375
stikls 378
stiks 378
stilan 374
stiur 377
stiurjan 377
stojan 379
stols 379
stoma 379
straua 381
straujan 381
striks 381
stubjus 382
sugil 385
sums 385
sunja 387
sunno 387
sunus 388
supon 388
sutis 398
swa 397
swaihra 393
swaihro 393
swalaus 238
swaleiks 390
swamms 390
swaran 391
swarts 392
sweiban 397
swein 397
sweran 396
sweria 396
487
488
swers 396
swes 396
swibls 392
swiglon 393
swikns 393
swiltan 394
swinei 395
swins 394
swistar 395
tagl 398
tagr 398
tahjan 399
taihswa 403404
taihun 404
taihunda 403
taikn 399
taiknjan 399
tainjo 399
tains 399
tandjan 401
tarmjan 405
taujan 403
tekan 406
tewa 406
til 407
timrja 404
timrjan 404
tiuhan 405
trauan 411
trausti 409
triggwa 410
triggws 410
trigo 409
triu 409
triweins 410
trudan 410
tuggl 412
tuggo 412
tulgus 411
tunus 412
twa 415
twai 414
twalibwintrus 413
twalif 413
tweijan 414
tweis 414
twos 415
tyz 408
agkjan 416
agks 416
ahan 415
aho 416
airh 421
an 415
anaseis 330
INDICES
ande 416
ar 416
arba 417
arf 417
arfs 417
ata 417
aroh 418
auh 418
aurfts 429
aurneins 430
aurnus 430
aurp 430
aursjan 430
aurstei 430
aursus 430
eihan 421
eihs 420
eins 423
iubi 422
iubs 422
iuda 423
iudans 422
ius 419
iu 423
iujan 422
iwi 419
laqus 105
liuhan 107
ragjan 424
rasabalei 34, 424
reihan 426
reis 425
ridja 427
riskan 426
rojan 427
rutsll 97, 428
u 428
ugkjan 429
uhtus 429
ulan 428
usundi 431
uthaurn 431
wahan 431
wahl 431
wairhei 432
wairhs 432
ubil 433
ubils 433
ubizwa 432
uf 432
ufar 433
ufarfullei 118
ufarhafnan 149
ufaro 432
ufarskadwjan 331
ufarswara 392
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
ufblesan 49
ufhlohjan 178
ufrakjan 296
ufta 433
ufanjan 416
-uh 434
uhtwo 435
unagei 3
unairkns 84
unaiwisks 6
unandsoks 360
und 434
undar 434
undaurnimats 434
ungakusans 225
ungatass 402
unhrainia 183
unhula 192
unhulo 192
unkuns 224
unles 244
unmanariggws 302
unnuts 290
unqes 229
uns 460
unsar 435
unsibjis 320
unswerei 396
untals 400
unte 434
untilamalsks 258
unwahs 447
unweis 467
unwiss 463
unwita 464
unwiti 464
unwunands 475
uraz 437
urraisjan 296
urrannjan 297
urreisan 306
urrists 304
usalans 16
usbaugjan 39
usbraidjan 53
usaugjan 105
usfratwjan 112
usgaisjan 123
ushlaupan 175
ushulon 192
uslaubjan 238
uslauseins 239
usluk 250
usmet 271
usskarjan 335
usskaus 337
usstaggan 374
ustauhts 411
usriutan 426
uswahsts 439
uswakjan 442
uswalugjan 443
uswindan 454
ut 437
uta 437
utal 290
utana 437
uz 436
uzanan 17
uzeta 88
wadi 438
waggs 446
waghen 439
wagjan 438
wahsjan 439
wahstus 439
wahtwo 440
wai 440
waian 460
waides 440
waihjo 440
waihts 452
waila 453
wailades 453
wailamerei 270
wailamereis 270
wainahs 440
waips 440
wair 463
wairdus 456
wairilo 456
wairpan 457
wairs 457
wairsiza 457
wair 457
wairan 457
wairida 458
wairon 458
wairs 458
wait 441
wakan 441
waldan 443
walisa 454
waljan 444
waltjan 444
walus 445
wamba 445
wamm 445
wan 446
wandjan 446
wandus 446
wans 446
warei 449
489
490
wargia 448
warjan 449
warmjan 449
wars 447
wasjan 450
wasti 451
wato 451
waurd 475
waurkjan 476
waurms 476
waurstw 476
waurts 476
wegs 460
weiha 466
weihan 465466
weihia 466
weihs 466
wein 467
weinabasi 40, 466
weinagards 467
weinatriu 467
weipan 467
weis 460
wenjan 461
wens 461
wepn 461
widuwo 462
wigs 452
wiko 462
wilja 453
wiljahalei 157
wiljan 453
wileis 454
wilwan 454
INDICES
winds 454
winja 455
winnan 455
winno 455
wintrus 455
winiskauro 346
wisan 458
wists 459
wit 459
witan 463
wira 464
wirawairs 464
wirus 459
wlaiton 469
wlits 469
wokrs 469
wopjan 470
woeis 470
wos 469
wraiqs 470
wraka 471
wrakja 471
wrakjan 471
wraks 471
wraton 471
wrekei 472
wrikan 471
writs 473
wrius 472
wrohs 473
wulfs 473
wulla 474
wulus 474
wunds 474
Burgundian
*agja 3
*aikins 7
*aiks 7
*alfs 13
*args 23
*asks 26
*aals 27
*aalings 27
*aud(s) 28
*badus 32
*bairs 33
*banki 36
*bardo 36
*bausiz 40
*berils 42
*bers 43
*bla 46
*blauts 48
*brim 57
*buda 61
*dards 68
*dragils 74
*erps 85
*falus 91
*fastis 94
*frodjan 115
*ful 117
*gails 122
*girs 132
*giba 133
*glads 135
*grimms 141
*groins 143
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
*guns
146
*haus 165
*hilps 168
*hramns 182
*huli 192
*klaini 214
*konis 219
*lais 233
*laugs 238
*leuds 242
*lif 247
*magin 253
*marh 261
*oil
290
*rams 297
*rands 297
*res 303
*rinks 302
*ripa 306
*saims 313
*sans 319
*seudan 326
*skafts 331
*skaii 332
*stiljis 374
*stis 378
*storms 384
*taits
400
*wais 441
*walhs 443
*warja 449
*warns 449
*was 438
*wers 461
*wif 464
*wids 465
Old Norse*
56, 17
beri 43
byrgja 63
aal 27
af 1
afar 2
a 1
a 2
aa 2
ai 1
afsifja 321
afspringr 366
gtr 134
girni 132
agn 4
i 31
aka 11
kafr 208
akaR, Run 11
akarn 12
akr 12
akrkarl 12
akrmar 12
akrverk 12
l 20
ala 12
alda 14
aldinn 16
aldr 14
aldrlag 14
alfr 13
alhvtr 12
lit 469
alka 15
ll 20, 87
allbjartr 16
allkaldr 16
allr 16
almanna 12
almttigr 12
almbogi 23
almr 83
alr 87
alj 12
alvaldr 13
alvitr 13, 15
ambtt 18
amma 17
mr 87
munr 275
n 87
and 18
491
492
anda 18
andi 18
angi 19
angr 19
ann 435
annarr 21
apaldr 21
apalgrr 21
api 21
apr 17
aptan 2
aptann 2
aptr 3
aptrreka 472
r 9, 206
arr 23, 25
ar 22, 25
arfr 22
argr 23
ari 25
aringreypr 140
arinn 31
arjosteR, Run 23
rmnar 206
armbaugr 23
armligr 24
armr 24
rna 9
rr 9
ars 25
rsli 327
arta 25
rtal 206
rvakr 9
aska 26
askr 26
ss 2021
st 21
at 26
t 88
atall 27
tta 5
ttandi 5
tte 5
atti 27
autt 28
aufengr 30
aufyndr 28
auigr 28
auinn 28
aur 28, 30
ausveipr 390
auveldr 443
auga 29
auja, Run 29
auk 29
auka 29
INDICES
auki 29
aumr 29
aurr 29
ausa 30
austan 30
austr 30
austrnn 30
austskota 347
auviri 2
auvisli 456
varr 448
ax 4
10
gir 87
ja 5
r 9, 31
s 21
sta 21
tr 88
vi 10
ba 39
baast 39
bahs 39
bir 52
bamr 32
bastofa 39
bga 44
bgr 44
bak 33
baka 33
bakki 36
bkn 39
bl
ballr 34
bana 36
band 35
bani 36
bann 36
banna 36
bra 44
bar 63
bara 36
barmr 37
barn 37
barnlauss 37
barr 36, 38
bss 35
bast 38
bati 38
batna 39
baugr 39
bauka 39
baun 39
bauta 40
bki 51
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
brr 44
beja 32
ber 32
beia 32
bein 32
beit 32
beita 33
beiti 33
Beitr 33
bekkr 33, 36
bekkili 36
belgja 34
belgr 33
bella 34
ben 35
bend 35
benda 35
bendi 35
bendill 35
benja 36
benzl 35
ber 40
bera 40, 41
bergja 37
berill 42
berja 37
bernskr 37
berr 40
betr 38
betri 38
beygja 39
beytill 40
beztr 38
bi 45
bia 45
ba 46
biill 45
bija 45
bifast 45
bikkja 41
bil 45
bldr 46
binda 41
bingr 41
birkinn 42
birna 43
birta 42
birti 42
bit 45
bita 45
bta 46
biti 45
bitr 45
bitull 46
bjlki 34
bjalla 41
bjarg 42
bjarga 42
bjartligr 42
bjartr 42
bja 43
bjr 43
bjrr 40, 44
bjrsalr 44
bjrg 42
bjrk 43
bjrn 43
bjgr 44
bla 46
blara 46
blfr 89
blaka 47
blakkr 47
bland 47
blanda 47
blr 49
blsa 49
blstr 49
blaur 48
blautr 48
bleikja 47
bleikr 47
blekkja 48
bleya 48
bleyi 48
blr 49
blik 49
blika 49
blkja 49
blinda 48
blindi 48
blindr 48
bljgr 48
bl 50
blga 50
bligr 50
blraur 50
blstorkinn 375
blmask 50
blmi 50
blt 50
blta 51
blths 50
bla 50
bl 49
blys 48
Boddi 61
bo 60
boa 61
boi 61
b 51
bogi 61
bgr 51
bk 52
493
494
bka 51
bokki 61
bklist 51
bkstafr 51
bl 64
bola 62
bla 65
bolginn 41
boli 62
bolli 62
bolr 62
blstr 62
boltr 62
bora 64
bor 63
bori 63
borg 63
borga 63
borr 62
bt 52, 61
btalauss 52
botn 61
bn 52
br 53
bta 52
b 32
bl 34
bllr 34
blvss 34
brgr 37
brkr 37
brr 38
br 57
br 57
brfengr 92
brr 57
brag 53
brak 53
braka 54
brandr 54
brandrei 54
branga 54
brasta 54
brattr 54
brau 54
bra 57
brega 55
breia 53
breir 53
breizl 53
brek 55
breki 55
brenna 54
bresta 56
brestr 56
breyskr 54
breyta 54
INDICES
brig 55
brim 57
brimi 56
brimlei 57
bringa 56
brinna 56
brj 55
brjsk 56
brjst 56
brjstbjrg 56
brjta 56
broddr 59
bro 59
brir 57
brurbani 58
brk 57
brot 59
br 58
brgumi 59
brlaup 59
brr 59
brugginn 56
brum 58
brn 60
bruni 58
brnn 60
brunnr 58
brydda 59
bryggja 58
brynja 58
bryti 59
brytja 59
b 65
ba 52
b 65
bugr 61
bi 65
bukkr 61
bkr 64
bland 65
bunga 62
bunki 62
br 65
burr 64
burst 64
btr 64
by 46
bygg 44
byggja 53, 61
bygill 61
bylgja 62
bylja 62
br 65
byra 63
byringr 63
byrgi 63
byrgja 63
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
byrja
byrli
byrr
bsn
64
64
64
65
d 70
d 72
dafna 66
daga 66
daglangr 66
dagr 66
dagverk 66
dalr 67
dammr 67
Danmrk 68
dapr 68
darr 68
darrar 68
dasi 69
dauadagr 70
daur 6970
daufr 69
daunn 69
deigja 67
deigr 6667
deila 67
deild 67
deill 67
dengja 68
detta 71
deya 69
deyfa 69
deyf 69
deypa 69
digr 72
dki 72
dimma 70
dimmr 70
ds 72
djarfr 71
djpligr 71
djpr 71
dgr 73
dolg 78
dmhs 73
dmr 73
dmstll 73
dttir 78
dl 73
dma 73
dgg 70
dggva 70
dkk 68
dkkr 68
draf 73
drai 73
drag 73
draga 74
drk 76
dramb 74
drangr 74
drttr 74
draugr 74
draumr 75
dregg 74
dregill 74
dreifa 74
drekka 75
drekkja 74
drep 75
drepa 75
dreyma 75
dreypa 75
dreyra 75
dreyri 75
drif 76
drfa 76
drfr 76
drift 76
drta 76
drjgr 76
drjpa 76
dropi 77
drr 77
drtt 77
drttinn 77
drukkinn 77
drukna 77
drpa 78
drgja 75
drykkr 77
dfa 80
dul 81
dumbr 79
dupt 78
durasto 79
dsa 81
dust 79
dvala 81
dvelja 81
dvergr 81
dvna 81
dvl 81
dfa 80
dyg 78
dylma 81
dyngja 79
dynja 79
dynr 79
dpt 71
dr 71
dr 71
drligr 71
drr 71
495
496
dytta 80
dyttr 79
ea 86
ef 82
efja 1
efna 1
efni 1
efsa 1
eft 2
egg 3, 11
eggja 3
eggsteinn 3
eia 10
eir 10
eistafr 10
eiga 6
eigin 6
eiginn 6
eigna 6
eik 7
eikinn 7
eimr 7
eimyrja 7
einarr 22
einborinn 8
eindagi 8
eineygr 7
einfaldr 8
einfttr 8
einfyndr 118
einharr 8
einhendr 8
einhleypr 8
einigr 8
einir 205
einka 8
einkunn 223
einn 9
einnttr 9
einrr 9
einstapi 9
einvaldi 9, 443
einvgi 9
eir 11
eisa 6
eiskra 10
eitr 10
ek 83
ekki 84
Ekkill 8
eldask 14
eldr 7
eldst 380
elgr 14
elja 15
ella 15
INDICES
ellepti 8
elli 14
ellifu 8
elliga 15
elna 15
em 458
embtti 18
en 18
enda 18
endalauss 18
endir 18
endlangr 236
endr 18
eng 19
enni 18
enskr 19
eptir 2
r 206
erfa 22
er 22
era 22
eri 22
ervrr 22
ergi 23
ergjask 23
erja 23
erma 24
ern 24
erta 25
es 86, 203
esja 26
eski 26
eta 86
etall 86
etja 27
ey 4
eya 30
eygr 28
eygja 28
eygr 28
eykr 205
eyland 4
eyra 30
f 92
fair 88
fama 95
famr 95
fga 102
fagna 89
fagr 89
falda 91
-faldr 90
flki 91
fall 91
falla 91
falr 9091
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
fang 92
fani 92
far 93
fr 96, 102
fara 93
farald 92
fari 94
frligr 102
farmr 93
farri 94
fasta 9495
fasthaldr 94
fastligr 94
fastna 95
fastr 94
fat 95
fata 95
fattr 92
fax 89
fr 89
fra 102
fta 103
f 97
fema 95
ffrekr 97
feginn 88
fgjarn 97
fegra 89
fegr 89
fegri 89
fhs 97
feig 89
feigr 89
feikn 90
feima 90
feita 90
feiti 90
feitr 90
fela 97
feldr 91
fella 91
fen 92
fengr 92
fer 93
ferja 93
ferskeyttr 96
ferskr 115
festa 95
fet 101
feta 101
fetill 95
ra 102
ri 102
ffrildi 98
mm 98
mr 103
mt 98
mti 98
ngr 99
ngrgull 98
nna 99
Finnr 103
rinverk 100
rn 100
rna 100
rra 99
fsa 104
ska 103
skr 103
t 101, 103
tja 102
fj 103
fjarhamr 102
fjall 9798
fjndi 103
fjarri 99
fjri 96
fjr 102
fjlauigr 98
fjr 100
fjr 101
fjrr 119
fjrgja 100
fjrgyn 99
fjrr 100
fjrsjkr 100
fjtra 102
fjturr 102
104
ara 105
ag 104
aga 104
agspilda 363
aki 105
akka 105
r 104
aska 105
atr 105
tta 104
aumr 106
einn 104
eiri 104
ekka 106
ekkr 106
esk 104
et 105
etja 105
tta 106
ey 106
eygja 105
eygr 105
eyta 106
k 107
ikki 107
497
498
jt 107
jta 107
jtr 107
jga 106
105, 108
107
og 108
ogall 108
i 108
ki 108
kinn 108
okkr 108
r 108
ot 109
ota 109
oti 109
tti 108
a 107
r 107
kra 105
109
uga 106, 108
ugr 108
yra 108
ygi 108
fnsa 109
fa 117
fr 109
fold 117
foldvegr 117
foli 118
flk 117
flkdrtt 117
flkland 117
flkvg 118
for 119120
fora 121
foringi 126
fornmar 120
forr 119
fors 120
forsm 354
fstr 110
fstrbrir 110
fstrfair 110
fstrland 110
fstrlaun 110
fstrmir 110
fstrsystir 110
ftbor 110
ftr 110
ftspor 110
ftverkr 110
fox 117
fa 109
fra 110
frr 110
INDICES
fttr 110
fzla 109
flr 91
flski 92
fr 94
fsull 94
fr 111
frakka 111
frakkr 111
frligr 112
framferi 93
framr 111
frr 112
frau 112
fraukr 116
fr 111
frgr 113
frndhollr 114
frndi 114
fregna 113
frekr 113
frelsi 114
fremja 111
frer 116
frest 113
freta 101
fretr 101
frtt 113
freyja 112
fr 114
fra 114
fria 115
fra 115
friill 114
frila 114
frilauss 115
frir 115
frr 115
frjls 114
frjlsgja 114
frjr 111
frjsa 113
frr 115
froskr 116
frost 116
fra 115
fri 115
frkn 115
frumburr 116
fryg 116
fuogi 116
fugl 116
fi 121
finn 121
full 118
fll 121
fullna 118
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
fullr 118
fullvss 118
fundr 118
funi 119
fura 120
furkr 111
fss 119
fyl 117
fylg 117
fylgja 117
fylki 118
fylla 118
fyndr 118
fyr 119
frr 121
fyrstr 120
fsa 119
g 129
gaddr 129
gfa 133
ga 130
gaga 122
gagl 122
gagnstr 379
gala 123
galdr 124
glgatr 124
glgi 124
gall 124
galli 124
galmr 124
gamall 125
gaman 125
gammi 125
gamna 125
gan 125
gana 126
ganga 125126
gangr 125
gapa 126
garr 126
garn 127
garnvinda 127
gs 126
gshaukr 126
gat 128
gata 128
gtt 126
gau 128
gaukr 128
gaum 128
gaupa 129
gaupn 129
gauta 129
gfr 133
gta 134
gefa 130
gegn 122
gegna 122
geiga 122
geigr 122
geiri 123
geirlaukr 123
geirr 123
geisl 123
geispa 123
geit 123
gelda 124
geldingr 124
geldr 124
gengi 126
gengilbeina 125
gengr 125
ger 127
geri 127
gerr 132
gerstr 127
gestgja 127
gestr 127
geta 133
geyja 128
geyma 128
geymd 128
geysa 129
gil 134
gildi 131
gildr 131
gilja 131
gma 134
gin 134
gna 134
gipt 130
gipta 130
girnask 132
gsl 135
gsla 135
gjafstll 130
gjald 130
gjalda 130
gjalfr 131
gjalla 131
gjallr 131
gjalp 131
gjarn 132
gjr 133
gjsa 133
gjta 133
gjf 130
gjfull 130
gjr 132
glaa 135
glaligr 135
glar 135
499
500
glaumr 135
glsa 136
glea 136
gleipa 135
gler 135
glit 136
glitra 136
glj 136
gla 137
gl 137
gl 137
gla 137
glggr 136
glpna 137
gl 136
gnadd 137
gnaga 137
gneggja 138
gneisti 138
gnesta 138
gnit 138
gngligr 289
gngr 289
gntt 289
gngja 289
gntra 138
go 145
goahs 144
goi 145
gr 138
glf 145
gollroinn 145
gmr 139
gor 146
grva 127
Goti 147
ga 138
gla 139
gfugr 121
gltr 125
gngull 126
grn 127
grr 127
grvi 127
grr 142
grugr 142
grafa 139
gramr 139
grandi 140
granni 300
grannr 140
grpa 142
grr 142
gras 140
grasgrnn 140
grta 142
grtr 142
INDICES
grell 139
grefr 139
greir 295
greip 139
gremi 140
gremja 140
grenja 140
grey 141
greypa 141
gr 143
grma 143
grimd 141
grimmask 141
grimmligr 141
grimmr 141
grna 143
grind 141
grip 142
grpa 143
gripr 142
grjn 141
grjt 141
gra 143
gri 143
grf 143
grmr 143
grna 143
grnn 143
grta 144
grf 139
grn 140
grptr 139
grfa 144
grua 144
grunnfastr 144
grunnlauss 144
grunnr 144
grunr 144
Grtingr 142
gulauss 145
guse 321
guvefr 145
gull 145
gullband 145
gullbjartr 145
gullinn 146
gullsmir 146
gumi 146
gumpr 146
gunnbor 146
gunnfani 146
gunnhvatr 146
gunnr 146
gustr 133
gylla 146
gyltr 145
gymbr 134
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
gyra 147
gyrill 147
h 172
hbjarg 165
haddr 167
hana 148
haf 147
hafa 147
hafna 149
hafr 148
hfr 172
haga 150
hagi 150
hagl 150
hagr 149
haki 154
hald 155
halda 155
hlfa 155
hlfbrunnin 154
hlfdaur 154
hlfr 154
hali 156
hligr 165
hll 172
halla 157
hallri 156
hallr 156
hlmr 156
hls 156
hlsa 157
hlsbeina 156
hlsfang 156
hlsmen 156
hamalkyrni 157, 225
hamarr 158
hamla 157158
hmt 160
hampr 159
hamr 158
handbani 159
handha 147
handlami 159
handlauss 159
handmegin 159
handsax 159
handverk 159
hanga 160
hani 161
hann 205
hapt 149
haptr 149
hr 160, 166, 172
hara 162
hargreipr 139
harligr 162
harr 162
harrr 162, 304
harma 163
harmr 163
harpa 163
hrr 153
hsin 160
hasl 164
hss 153
hstar 166
hata 165
hatr 165
httr 150
haufu 165
haugr 165
haukr 148
haukstaldr 150
haull 166
hauss 167
haust 161
haustmnur 161
h 166
hfr 172
hlbtr 46
hll 160
hra 172
hinn 148
hra 172
hef 148
hell 149
hefja 149
heggr 150
hegna 150
hegri 183
heiindmr 153
heiinn 154
heir 150151, 154
heilagr 151
heili 151
heilindi 151
heill 151
heilla 152
heilsa 152
heima 152
heiman 152
heimfr 152
heimild 152
heimr 152
heimskr 152
heimta 152
heit 153
heita 153
heitr 153
hel 156
hla 168
heldr 155
helft 155
501
502
helga 151
hella 157
helsi 157
heltask 157
helti 157
helvti 156
hemingr 158
hemja 158
henda 159
hengja 160
henta 161
hepta 149
hepti 149
hera 162
herfer 162
herflk 162
herhorn 162
heri 164
herja 163
Herjann
hermar 162
hermd 163
hernumi 289
herp 163
herr 163
herskip 162
herskjldr 162
hervpn 163
hervegr 162
hespa 164
hestr 160
hey 167
heyja 167
heyra 167
hildr 168
hilla 168
himinljmi 169
himintungl 169
hind 169
hindra 173
hinka 169
hinna 169
hirir 169
hirsi 170
hita 173
hitt 172
hjlmr 168
hjlpa 168
hjlplauss 168
hjalt 168
hjarn 171
hjarni 170
hjarnskl 170
hjarri 171
hjarsi 170
hjarta 170
hjl 199
INDICES
hjlp 168
hjrr 171
hjrtr 171
hjfra 171
hla 173
hlaa 175
hlaiwa, Run 174
hlakka 174
hlamma 174
hlna 176
hland 174
hltr 173
hlaunn 175
hlaup 175
hlaupa 175
hlautr 175
hlja 173
hl 177
hlr 176
hleifr 173
hlekkjask 175
hlekkr 174
hlemmr 174
hler 178
hli 176177
hlf 177
hlfa 177
hlj 176
hljmr 176
hljta 176
hla 177
hlust 178
hluta 178
hluti 178
hlutr 178
hla 177178
hlja 177
hlynr 178
hlr 176
hnakki 179
hnappr 179
hnau 179
hneigja 179
hneita 179
hneppa 179
hnga 180
hnpa 180
hnippa 180
hnta 180
hnjsa 180
hnot 181
hnggr 179
hnggva 180
hnri 181
hnr 181
hnykill 181
hnykkja 181
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
hnykkr 181
hodd 196
hof 190
hf 181
hfr 181
hofstar 190
hl 182
hol 191
hola 191192
hold 191
hlkr 191
hollr 192
hlmr 191
holr 191
holt 192
hp 182
hoppa 194
hr 182
hra 182
hrkona 182
horn 195
hornbogi 195
hornskr 195
hornungr 195
horr 195
hrr 182
horskligr 195
horskr 195
hosa 195
hsta 202
hsti 202
hstr 290
hfa 181
hla 182
hta 202
h 165
hfn 147
hfu 148
hfubaugr 148
hfulauss 148
hfuvrr 148
hfugr 147
hgg 167
hggva 167
hkull 154
hlr 155
hll 156
hm 158
hnd 159
hndla 159
hnk 161
hrgr 164
hrpuslagr 163
hrpustrengr 163
hss 164
httr 165
hrar 185
hrafn 182
hrki 187
hrammr 184
hrapa 184
hrr 185
hrata 184
hrau 185
hraukr 185
hraumi 185
hraustr 185
hr 183
hrkja 187
hrll 183
hreifa 183
hreinn 183
hreinn 183
hreinsa 183
hrekja 184
hremma 184
hreppa 184
hreysivisla 459
hr 188
hrfa 187
hriingr 185
hrm 187
hrmkaldr 187
hrinda 185
hringdri 76
hringja 186
hringr 185
hrip 186
hrs 187
hrsla 187
hrista 187
hrjta 186
hrjfr 186
hrr 188
hrugr 189
hrf 188
hrogn 189
hroki 189
hrkr 188
hrp 188
hross 189
hrt 188
hrpa 188
hrra 189
hrnn 185
hrr 190
hrr 190
hrufa 189
hryggja 186
hryggligr 186
hryggr 187, 189
h 196
hfa 196
huga 191
503
504
hugfellr 91
hugi 191
hugkmr 230
hugleysi 239
hugr 190
hugspi 364
hugski 326
hka 196
hulda 191
humall 192
humarr 192
hunang 193
hunangstr 193
hundr 193
hundra 193
hungr 194
hungra 193
hnn 196
huppr 193
hur 194
hs 196
hsa 197
hskytja 226
hsl 194
hslauss 196
hvaarr 199
hvlf 197
hvlfa 198
hvalskr 197
hvalr 197
hvap 198
hvar 198
hvarf 198
hvarfa 198
hvass 198
hvat 199
hvta 201
hvatr 199
hvatstaki 370
hvsa 201
hv 201
hveiti 197
hveitikorn 197
hveitimjl 197
hvelfa 198
hvellr 200
hvelpr 200
hverfa 198, 200
hverfr 200
hverfull 200
hverna 200
hverr 198200
hvetja 199
hv 201
hva 201
hvia 201
hvika 200
INDICES
hvla 201
hvna 201
hvirll 200
hvti 202
hvtill 202
hvtingr 202
hvtr 201
hyggja 190
hylda 191
hylja 191
hylla 192
hylli 192
hylma 191
hrligr 171
hyrna 195
hyrr 195
hski 173
84
ibai 82
i 203
iurmltr 203
gull 203
korni 7
il 83
inn 83
innan 84
innanverr 84
inni 83
innri 83
innyi 433
sarn 204
skaldr 204
ss 204
str 84
it 208
tr 204
vigjarn 451
j 204205
jaarr 82
jafn 82
jafna 82
jafngligr 138
jaki 206
jara 85
jarborg 85
jarfall 85
jarfastr 85
jarhs 85
jarvegr 86
jarknasteinn 84
jarl 85
jrn 204
jrnnagli 204
jrnsmir 204
jarpr 85
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
jta 206
jtta 205
jladagr 205
jlmnur 205
jr 83
jrei 83
jfurr 82
jkull 206
jr 86
jr 86
jrmungandr 85
jrmungrund 85
jstr 206
jtunn 86
jgr 87
kai 208
kaka 208
kala 208
kalda 209
kaldr 209
kl 209
klfr 209
kall 209
kalla 209
kambr 209
kampr 209
kani 210
kann 210
kanna 210
karl 210
karlflk 210
karskr 211
kartr 221
kati 211
kaun 211
kaup 211
kaupa 211
kaupmar 211
kaupskip 211
kaupstar 211
kefsir 208
keipr 208
kelpa 212
kemba 209
kenna 210
kenning 210
keppr 214
ker 212
ketill 211
ki 214
kfa 214
kimbill 212
kind 212
kinn 212
kinnbein 212
kinnbjrg 212
kippa 214
kirnuaskr 213
kitla 214
kjalki 212
kjappi 213
kjarni 213
kjarr 213
kjll 213
kjsa 213
kjlr 212
kl 215
kli 215
kla 214
klakkr 215
klapp 215
klappa 215
klaufrk 472
kl 216
kleima 214
klembra 215
klengjask 215
kleppr 216
klif 216
klifa 216
klfa 216
klifra 216
kljfa 216
klof 216
klo 217
klkkr 216
klkkva 216
klmbr 215
klpp 215
klungr 217
klunna 217
kltr 217
klyf 216
kn 218
knakkr 217
knappr 217
knr 218
knauss 218
kn 218
knell 217
knfr 218
knoka 218
knosa 219
knrr 217
knll 219
knja 219
knylla 219
knytja 219
koddi 222
ko 222
kokkr 223
kol 223
kolfr 223
505
506
kollr 223
koma 227
kona 228
konr 224
konungdmr 224
konungr 224
konungrki 224
kpa 219
koppr 224
kr 226
korn 225
kornhs 225
kornvist 225
koss 225
kosta 226
kostr 226
kot 226
kla 219
knn 219
kr 210
krabbi 220
kraa 220
kraki 220
krangr 220
krappr 221
kraptr 220
krs 221
krauna 221
krefja 220
kremja 220
kreppa 220
kringla 221
krjpa 221
kroppinn 221
kroppr 222
krubba 222
kryppill 222
krytja 222
kfr 226
kla 226
kuldi 223
kumbl 223
kunnr 224
kurfr 225
kussa 225
kussi 225
kva 227
kvaka 227
kvn 230
kvmr 229
kvea 229
kveja 226
kvefja 226
kveina 226
kveisa 227
kveld 227
kvelja 227
INDICES
kvennmar 228
kverk 228
kvern 228
kvernsteinn 228
kveykva 230
kvir 227, 230
kvika 230
kvikf 230
kvikr 230
kvisa 230
kvl 227
kvstr 227
kylr 223
kmiligr 231
kyn 224
kynborinn 224
kynda 224
kyndi 224
kynna 224
kynni 224
kr 219
kyrkja 228
kyrr 229
kyrtill 225
kyssa 225
l 244
laa 237
lag 231
lg 244
laga 231
lgr 244
lakan 234
lakr 234
lamb 234
lami 234
ln 232
land 235
landamri 255
landbi 235
landi 235
landkaup 235
landsir 235
landskapr 235
landskyld 235
langa 236
lang 11
langr 235
langlfr 235
langr 235
langrkr 235
langv 468
lasmeyrr 236
lss 235
lt 244
lata 237
lta 244
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
lati 237
latr 237
laur 239
lauf 237
laug 238
laukr 239
laun 238
laupr 239
lausorr 239
lauss 239
lausung 239
lausyri 239
laut 239
lax 232
lg 244
lgr
lkna 244
lr 231
lvirki 234
l 243
la 247
ler 241
lerhosa 241
leggja 231
legr 240
lei 232
leia 232
leia 234
leiindr 233
leir 233
leifa 232
leigt 244
leika 232
leikr 233
leir 234
leistr 233
leita 469
leka 240
lekr 240
lemd 234
lemja 234
lend 235
lenda 235
lengd 236
lengja 236
leppr 236
lesa 241
leti 237
letja 237
ltta 241
lttligr 240
lttr 240
leyfa 238
leygr 238
leysa 239
li 245
l 249
la 248
lilauss 246
lir 246
liugr 246
lf 247
lifa 245
lauss 247
ligr 247
lifna 245
lifr 245
liggja 240
lk 247
lka 248
lkami 247
lki 248
lkja 248
lkmar 247
lkna 248
lkr 247
lim 246
lm 248
limheill 246
ln 248
lna 248
lind 240
lindi 240
linnormr 241
linnr 241
linr 246
list 246
lista 248
listugr 246
lta 469
ltill 248
litr 469
litverpr 457
lj 243
lja 243
ljsngr 243
ljmi 242
ljss 242
ljtr 243
ljfr 241
ljga 242
l 238
loi 252
loinn 242
lof 249
lofa 249
lofgjarn 249
l 249
lg 249
log 250
logi 250
lok 250
loka 250
lokka 250
507
508
lokkr 250
lopt 249
los 251
losa 251
losna 251
l 237
lgkni 219
lgr 231
ln 236
lskr 237
lstr 232
lka 252
ls 252
lta 252
lr 242
lyf 249
lygi 250
lypta 249
lsa 242
lyst 251
lti 243
m 252
makr 264
mar 260
mara 252
magi 253
magna 253
magr 253
mgr 269
maki 257
makki 260
makligr 257
makr 257
ml 263, 269270
mala 257
mla 264
malmr 258
mlnytr 290
malr 257
malt 258
man 259
mnar 270
manga 259
mangr 259
mni 270
manna 260
mannbaldr 33
mannfr 260
mannkyn 260
mannlauss 260
mannlkan 260
mannli 260
mannsemi 317
mannvitull 464
mr 256
mara 262
INDICES
margfalda 91
margfaldligr 90
mark 262
marka 262
markland 262
marr 261
marsvn 261
mt 271
matlauss 263
matr 263
mttigr 254
mttlauss 254
mttr 254
maurr 264
mg 269
mkir 269
mla 263, 270
mlir 270
mr 254
mra 270
mr 270
mrr 270
mtr 271
me 268
meg 253
megin 253
meginn 253
meginverk 253
megra 253
megri 253
meia 254
meir 254
mein 255
meina 255
meineir 254
meinfullr 255
meinligr 255
meinn 255
meinsvari 255, 392
meir 257
meiri 257
meisingr 256
meiss 255
meita 256
Meiti 256
meitill 256
mek 83
ml 268
meldr 257
melta 258
men 260
mengi 259
mennskr 260
mr 83
mergr 264
merja 262
merki 262
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
merkja 262
merr 261
mestr 256
meta 268
metja 263
meyla 254
migarr 264
mija 264
mila 265
mir 264
mga 272
mikill 265
mikilligr 265
mikla 265
mildi 266
mildr 266
milska 266
milti 267
mn 83
mnn 273
minna 268
minni 268
minnr 271
mislkr 272
missa 272
missari 272
mistilteinn 271
mistr 271
mjaltr 267
mjlk 267
mjlka 267
mjr 256
mjm 265
mjr 265
mjrann 265
mjk 265
mjl 267
Mjllnir 266
mjtur 268
ma 273
merni 273
mir 273
mr 273274
mse 273
mugr 273
mold 275
moldvegr 275
mna 274
mr 278
mor 277
morverk 277
morgingjf 276
morginn 276
mosi 277
mt 274
motti 278
ma 274
mi 274
mrr 274
mta 274
mgr 253
mlr 258
mlva 258
mn 260
mndull 259
mrr 261
mrk 262
mrr 261
mskvi 262
msurr 263
mula 275
mgi 278
mli 278
mund 275
munda 275
Mundill 275
mundr 275
munnharpa 163
munni 276
munnr 276
munr 276
murra 277
ms 278
m 278
mla 278
mylda 275
mylja 275
myln 266
mynd 275
myra 277
mrisnpa 358
myrkr 268
n 286
n 287
nar 279
nara 286
nafarr 279
nai 279
nafn 280
nafni 280
nafnliga 280
nfrndi 286
nagl 279
nl 287
nligr 286
nm 286
nmgr 286
nnd 286
nr 283
ntt 279
nttfugl 279
nau 282
nauga 282
509
510
nauigr 282
nausyn 282
naut 282
nautr 282
nautreki 301
nvist 286
nfr 286
nma 287
nmr 286
n 283
nean 287
neri 289
nef 279
nefa 283
ne 283
nefna 280
nefnd 280
negla 279
neinn 283
nema 284
nenna 281
nes 281
nest 284
nesta 284
net 281
netja 282
neya 283
neyta 282
n 289
n 289
na 289
nir 287, 289
nira 289
niri 289
nipt 283
nisti 284
nu 285
nund 285
nundi 285
njl 283
njta 285
nr 289
noran 289
norr 289
Noregr 289
nt 289290
nfr 289
ng 289
nf 279
nkkvi 280
nkkvir 280
Nrva 281
ns 281
n 289
na 285
njung 285
nykr 287
INDICES
nr 284
nra 285
nsa 284
nyt 290
nytja 290
ntr 290
nytsamr 290
oddhvass 436
oddr 436
al 290
altorfa 291
li 27
r 469
of 432
ofan 432
ofanverr 456
ofarr 432
ofn 433
fra 110
ofra 432
hf 181
ok 207
oka 207
oki 207
okr 469
mr 469
p 470
opinn 435
opinskr 337
opna 435
opt 433
r 436
or 475
ora 475
origr 475
orvss 475
orf 476
rlausn 239
ormgarr 476
ormr 476
orri 436
sk 475
spligr 364
oss 460
ss 290
otr 436
tta 435
a
i
li
fa
fr
gja
kkr
pa
469
469
291
290
290
290
84
470
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
rr 25
x 12
lask 27
lingr 27
fugr 2
gn 3
gr 4
kkla 20
l 16
lbekkr 17
ld 13
lhs 17
llungis 16
ln 14
lnbogi 14
lpt 13
lr 17
lunn 16
lvrr 16
nd 18, 21
ngr 19
ngull 19
nn 31
r 23
r 23
rn 24
rr 25
rskreir 343
sp 26
xl 5
xull 5
pll 291
penningr 291
pinni 291
ppa 292
plagg 292
plgr 292
poki 293
posi 293
pottr 293
prjnn 293
pungr 293
pss 294
pyttr 293
r 294295, 471
rbukkr 295
r 304
ra 303
rbani 303
rgja 303
rlauss 303
rsnotr 304
rf 304
rafr 294
rak 296
raka 297
rakki 297
rakkr 297
rakr 296
rmerki 295
rammr 297
rangr 471
rann 300
raptr 294
rs 304
rsa 304
rata 471
raubrnn 298
raui 299
raur 299
rauf 298
raufa 298
raun 299
ri 304
rkja 472
rkr 472
rell 294
refsa 294
regn 300
regna 294, 300
regnbogi 300
regnskr 300
rei 295
reia 295, 471
reii 471
reir 471
reifa 295
rein 296
reini 470
reip 296
reipa 296
reisa 296
reista 471
reita 296, 471
reitr 471
reka 301, 471
rekja 296
rekkja 297
rekkr 302
renna 297
repta 308
rtta 301, 471
rtti 301
rtting 301
rttligr 300
rttr 300301
reyfa 298
reykja 299
reykr 299
reyrr 299
reyta 299
511
512
ra 305, 473
rii 304
riull 473
rif 300, 304
rfa 305
rfr 305
riga 471
rkdmr 305
rki 305
rkja 305
rkr 305
rim 302
rm 305
rimi 302
rinna 302
rpr 306
ript 304
rsa 306
risi 472
rist 472
rista 304
rsta 306
rit 472
rt 473
rta 473
rja 302
rjr 302303
rjmi 303
rjta 303
rjfa 303
rjka 303
r 307
ra 306
roa 307, 309
ra 306
roi 307
rr 307
rora 307
rg 473
rokkr 308
rr 307
roskinn 472
rskvi 471
rt 473
rta 473
rotinn 303
ra 306
rri 307
rgja 473
rkja 307
rkr 307
rdd 299
r 294
rkkr 301
rnd 297
rng 471
rskr 297, 471
INDICES
rst 298
ru 307
rugla 308
rugr 308
rm 309
Rmaborg 309
rumpr 308
rmr 309
rn 310
rnastafr 310
rni 310
runnr 308
ruppa 309
ry 307
ryja 307
rja 309
rykkja 308
rykkr 308
rma 309
rni 310
rra 303
rrr 303
rta 310
s 310, 327
s 327
sar 310
stmi 327
sa 319
saga 311
saka 315
saki 315
sakni 315
sala 316
sld 327
salr 315
salt 316
salta 316
saltfat 316
saltr 316
saltsteinn 316
salvrr 315
saman 317
sami 317
samkund 230
samkvr 229
samkynja 317
samlkr 317
samna 317
samnar 317
samning 317
samr 317
smr 327
samtengr 401
samtnis 413
samvist 317
sandkorn 318
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
sandr 318
sanna 318
sanngetall 133
sannligr 319
sannr 318319
sannsgull 311
sannyri 475
sr 312313
srligr 313
srr 313
st 328
sta 328
sttr 312
saur 319
saumr 320
saup 320
sax 312
sla 327
sld 327
sll 327
slligr 327
sr 314
sra 313
sti 328
stt 328
seja 311
sef 328
se 311
seggr 312
segi 311
segja 311
segl 322
seir 312313
seigr 312
seil 313
seimr 313
seina 313
seinn 313
sekkr 315
selja 315316
selr 323
semja 317
senda 318
senna 318
sr 326
sera 325
serkr 319
sess 325
set 325
seti 326
setja 319
setr 326
stt 322
stti 322
sex 322
seyma 320
seyrask 320
sa 329330
sa 313, 329
sia 321
silauss 321
sir 321
sr 329330
sisamr 321
siugr 321
sif 320
sig 328
sga 329
sigr 322
sigla 322
sigr 322
sigra 322
sgrnn 324
sik 323
sk 330
skr 330
silfr 328
silfrsmir 329
sili 328
sma 330
simul 324
sin 329
sindr 324
sngjarn 330
sinn 325, 330
sinna 325
sinni 325
sitja 325
sj 323
sjaldan 323
sjaldsnn 323
sjlfr 323
sjau 321
sjaund 321
sjaundi 321
sjborg 314
sjdr 314
sja 326
sjr 326
sjskr 314
Sjland 314
sjli 321
sjmar 314
sjn 322
sjvegr 314
sjkdmr 326
sjkr 326
skaa 336
skai 336
skafa 330331
ska 331
skagi 331
skaka 332
skakkr 334
513
514
skal 332
skl 339
sklgi 332
sklkr 332333
sklm 333
skamma 333
skammlaus 333
skammr 333
skap 334
skapa 334
skapt 331
skar 335
skarfr 334
skarn 335
skarpr 335
skart 335
skattr 336
skauf 336
skaut 337
skauti 337
skva 340
skeja 336
skegg 331
skeggx 37
skei 332
skeia 332
skeifr 331
skeina 331
skekkja 334
skel 332
skelfa 332
skelskr 332
skelgjask 338
skelkja 333
skelkr 338
skella 332333
skellr 333
skemma 333
skemmd 333
skepja 334
skeppa 334
skepta 331
skepti 331
sker 335
skera 338
skera 335
skeyta 337
sk 341
sk 341
skfa 341
skilda 337
skilja 338
skillingr 338
skima 340
skmi 341
skin 340
skna 341
INDICES
skinn 338
skip 340
skipa 341
skipfer 340
skipmar 340
skipstjri 341
skipta 340
skra 342
skrr 341
skta 342
sktr 342
skjaldborg 337
skjlf 337
skjlfa 337
skjlgr 338
skjalla 338
skjallr 338
skjl 339
skjmi 339
skjr 172, 339
skjta 339
skjtr 339
skjldr 337
skf 342
skokkr 345
skola 348
skolpr 345
skop 346
skopa 346
skoppa 346
skopt 345
skr 342
skora 346
skorpinn 335
skorta 346
skortr 346
skot 346
skota 347
skozkr 347
skra 342
skkull 332
skm 333
skr 335
skr 344
skrafa 342
skrma 344
skrapa 344
skrati 344
skrkja 344
skrei 343
skreiask 343
skreppa 344
skra 344
skriall 344
skrir 344
skript 344
skr 345
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
skra 345
ska 342
skfa 347
skuggi 347
skunda 345
skr 347
skurr 346
skta 347
skutill 346
skutr 347
skvakka 348
sk 341
skyggva 347
skla 339
skyld 345
skylda 345
skyldr 345
skynda 345
skyrta 346
skyti 347
skytja 347
sl 348
slag 348
slaga 348
slagr 348
slakr 349
sltta 348
slttr 348
slr 349
slei 350
sleggja 348
sleipr 349
sleita 349
sltta 351
slttr 350
slr 351
slkr 351, 390
slm 351
slit 351
slita 351
slta 351
sljva 349
slora 352
slok 352
slokinn 349
sloppr 352
slota 352
sla 352
slkkva 349
slngva 349
sl 351
slyngva 350
smali 353
smalr 353
smr 354
smeittr 352
smeygja 353
sm 355
smibelgr 354
smi 355
smija 355
smir 354
smjr 353
smjga 354
smokkr 355
smuga 355
smyrill 354
smyrsl 354
smyrva 354
snkr 356
snapa 356
snara 356
snarpr 356
snarr 356
snata 357
snaur 357
snhvtr 355
snr 76, 355
snei 355
sneia 355
sneiingr 355
sneis 356
sneisa 356
snekkja 356
snellask 356
snepill 358
snerpa 356
sneya 357
sni 358
sna 358
sniill 358
snigill 357
snilli 357
snimma 357
snjallr 357
snjva 356
snoinn 358
snggr 357
snopa 359
snotr 359
snfr 358
snri 359
snr 359
snubba 359
snr 360
snura 359
snyja 359
snr 358
snta 360
so 388
soll 5
sofa 392
sofna 393
sog 385
515
516
skn 360
sl 361
Soleyjar 385
smi 360
sn 360
sonardreyri 387
spa 397
sopi 388
soppa 388
soppr 398
sorg 388
sorgfullr 388
st 360
stt 385
sfa 397
sgr 397
skja 360
sma 360
smr 360
sti 398
str 398
sulbogi 311
sull 311
sg 311
sgn 311
sk 315
skk 318, 325
skkva 318, 325
slr 316
sngr 318
srvi 319
sp 363
spa 361
spaning 362
spann 362
spnn 364
spr 364
spara 362
sparr 362
sparri 363
spengja 361
speni 362
spenja 362
spenna 362
spenzl 362
sperra 363
spettr 365
spik 365
spk 365
spiki 365
spil 365
spilla 364
spinna 364
spra 365
spjald 363
spjall 363
spjalla 363
INDICES
spjalli 363
spjt 364
spjr 364
spor 367
spora 367
sporr 367
sporhundr 367
spori 368
sporna 367
spott 368
spotta 368
spotti 368
spng 361
spnn 362
sprr 363
sprrhaukr 363
sprkr 367
sprek 366
sprengja 366
spretta 366
springa 366
sproti 367
sprunga 367
spja 365
spyrja 367
spyrna 367
spta 368
stafastr 368
stafesti 95
stai 373
stalausa 239
stalauss 368
star 368369
stafa 368
stafn 371
stafr 368
stafrf 306
stag 369
staka 370
stakkr 370
stakr 370
stakra 370
stl 369
stalli 370
stallr 370
stamma 371
stamr 370
standa 371
stapi 372
stappa 371
stara 372
stari 372
starr 372
staup 373
staurr 373
stauta 373
stla 369
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
steja 372
stefna 368, 371, 373
steggi 369
steina 370
steinbogi 369
steinborg 369
steindelfr 70
steinhs 369
steinn 369
steinofn 369
stekkr 370
stela 374
stelkr 374
stelling 374
stemma 371
sterkr 372
sterta 372
stertr 376
sttt 377
steypa 373
steyta 373
steytr 373
sta 377
sta 378
stig 377
stga 378
stigr 377
stgr 378
stigreip 377
stika 378
stikill 378
stilla 374
stinga 374
stinnr 375
stirr 375
stira 379
stirtla 376
stjaka 374
stjaki 374
stjar 375
stjarna 375
stjrn 377
stjrr 377
stjlr 374
stjpbarn 376
stjpdttir 376
stjpfair 376
stjpmir 376
stjpsonr 376
st 379, 382
sthross 379
stmerr 379
stofa 382
stokka 383
stokkr 383
stll 379
stor 383
storkna 384
storkr 384
stormr 384
strr 379
sta 379
stra 379
st 369
stugr 368
stull 373
stkkr 371
stkkva 371, 375
stng 371
stpull 372
str 381
strangligr 380
strangr 380
straumr 380
strengja 380
strengr 380
str 381
stra 382
strr 382
strind 381
strjka 381
strnd 380
strtr 382
strkva 382
stubbr 382
stuill 382
stfr 384
stka 384
stund 383
stunda 383
stpa 384
sttr 385
stuttr 383
styja 382
stfa 384
styggr 383
stykki 383
stynja 383
stynr 383
stra 377
stri 377
strimar 376
styrja 384
styrma 384
styrr 384
stytta 383
s 310
s 388
sur 387
surnn 387
su 385
sga 388
sl 389
sullr 398
517
518
sultr 398
sum(b)l 386
sumardagr 386
sumarlangr 386
sumarr 386
sumart 386
sumr 385
sumra 386
sumrungr 386
sund 386
sundr 386
sundra 387
sunna 387
sunnan 387
sunr 388
spa 389
sreygr 389
srr 389
sv 397
sva 392
Svfaland 395
svala 390
svangr 391
svanr 391
svar 391
svara 392
svarf 391
svarfa 391
svrr 396
svartr 392
svsligr 396
svss 396
svla 396
svra 393
svefja 389
svefn 392
sveia 389
sveigja 389
sveima 389
sveimr 389
sveinn 390
sveipa 390
sveipr 390
sveitask 390
sveiti 390
svelgja 394
svelgr 390
svell 394
svella 390, 394
svelta 390, 394
sver 395
sverberendr 395
sverfetill 395
sverfa 395
sverja 391
svfa 397
svik 396
INDICES
svikall 396
svkva 397
svimi 397
svimma 394
svn 397
svina 396
svnhirir 397
svinnligr 394
svinnr 394
svipa 396
svipr 396
svri 395
svppr 391
svrr 391
syri 387
syfja 385
sya 385
sja 329
sykn 393
syll 394
sylla 385
syn 386
syngva 324
sni 323
snn 322
sr 389
syrgja 388
ssl 326, 388
systir 395
t 399
taa 398
tafn 398
tg 406
tagl 398
tak 400
taka 400
tal 400
tl 406
tala 400401
talg 400
tlma 400
tamr 401
tandri 401
tangi 401
tanna 401
tannlauss 401
tapa 402
tappi 402
tr 399
tara 402
targa 402
trughlra 399
taska 402
taufr 402
taug 403
taumr 403
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
tla 406
t 403
teja 398
teigr 399
teikn 399
teikna 399
teina 399
teinn 399
teita 400
Teiti 400
teitr 400
telja 400
temja 401
tenda 401
tengja 401
teppa 402
teygja 402
teyma 403
t 407
ta 407
tifa 406
tfurr 406
tigi 406
-tigr 403
tk 407
tilr 407
tma 408
timbr 404
timbra 404
tmi 408
tin 407
tindr 404
trr 408
titra 407
tu 404
tundi 403
tjald 404
tjlgr 404
tjara 405
tjr 405
tjra 405
tjn 405
t 408
toddi 411
tog 411
toga 411
toginn 405
tlf 413
tlfti 413
tmr 408
toppr 412
topt 412
tordyll 451
toryll 413
torf 412
torfa 413
torfri 110
tma 408
tng 401
tnn 401
trani 220
traust 409
traustlauss 409
traustligr 409
traustr 409
tr 409
treja 408
tregi 409
treysta 409
tro 410
troa 410
trog 410
troll 410
trollkyndr 223
tros 411
tr 408
tr 411
tra 411
trr 411
trygg 410
tryggja 410
tryggr 410
Tryggvi 410
trygill 410
trylla 410
tumba 411
tn 413
tundr 412
tunga 412
tungl 412
tv 415
tvau 415
tvr 415
tveir 415
tvnn 414
tvinna 414
tvisvar 414
tyggja 213
tygill 411
tylft 414
tna 405
tyrfa 413
415416
ara 418
ak 415
akka 416
amba 415
na 418
anan 416
ar 416
arf 417
arfa 417
arfr 417
519
520
armr 417
at 417
ttr 423
gr 423
efa 418
efja 415
egja 415
egn 418
egngildi 418
ekja 415
ekkja 416
ekkr 416
el 419
engill 416
enja 416
erligr 417
erna 375, 419
erra 417
ttr 421
exla 419
eyja 418
eyr 418
eysa 418
eyta 418
iurr 422
iggja 418
ili 420
ilja 420
n 423
ind 420
ing 420
inga 420
inghs 420
inglogi 250
ingmar 420
ingstar 420
sl 421
istill 419
j 419
jarfr 421
jarka 421
j 423
j 423
jann 422
jkonungr 422
jland 422
jvegr 422
jfr 422
jokkr 419
jokkva 419
jna 418
jnusta 419
jrr 423
jta 423
418
okki 429
INDICES
ola 428
ollr 428
pta 428
ora 429
ori 429
orn 430
orna 430
orp 430
orskr 430
orsti 430
ot 430
ttr 429
rf 417
r 425
rr 426
ramma 424
rapt 424
rr 425
rasa 425
raut 425
rll 424
refa 424
rekkr 425
rekr 424
rennr 427
rep 426
reskldr 426
reyta 425
rii 427
rifgja 130
rr 425
rjta 426
rjtr 426
r 427
rngsl 424
rot 427
roti 427
rttr 427
rmr 424
rng 424
rngr 424
rngva 424
rstr 425
rhamarr 428
rga 427
ruma 427
rtinn 428
rymill 427
rymr 427
ryngva 426
rsta 428
428
fa 431
ulr 428
umalngr 431
umlungr 431
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
ungr 428
unnr 429
unnvangi 429
ur 429
urr 430
urs 429
sund 431
v 431
vl 431
vengr 431
verkyrfa 225
verr 432
a 422
erskr 422
r 423
f 422
422
ykkja 429
ykt 419
ynna 429
yrft 429
yrill 432
yrnir 430
yrsta 430
yss 430
ytr 431
fr 436
ugla 436
ug 190
kr 224
ulfr 473
ull 474
Ullr 474
umb 434
una 475
und 434, 474
unda 474
undan 434
undir 434
undorn 434
undr 474
ungi 208
ungligr 207
ungr 207
unna 435
unnr 435
upp 435
upphaf 147
uppi 435
uppstertr 376
uppstiga 377
ups 432
r 437
ur 476
Urr 475
rigr 437
rr 437
urt 476
usli 436
t 437
tan 437
tarr 437
ti 437
uxi 433
v 441
va 438
v 460
vaa 438
var 438
vfallr 91
va 438
vaa 437
vafra 437
vg 460
vaga 439
vagga 439
vagn 439
vgr 460
vaka 441442
vakinn 441
vakka 447
vakna 442
vakr 442, 445
vkr 445
val 442
vala 444
vald 443
valda 443
valdr 443
valdreyri 442
valfall 442
valhnot 444
valir 444
valk 444
valka 444
valkyrja 442
valr 443
valskr 444
valtr 444
vamm 445
vammlauss 445
vn 461
vanask 447
vanda 446
vandr 446
vangi 447
vangr 446
vangsni 438
vanheill 445
vani 447
521
522
vanr 446
vanrtti 301
vansa 447
vpn 461
vpnlauss 461
vappa 447
vr 461
vara 449450
vara 448
varhs 448
varmar 448
vargr 448
vargtr 448
varglfr 463
vari 450
varligr 447
varmr 449
varna 449
varnagli 449
varp 450
varr 447
vrr 435
varta 450
vaska 450
vtadrfa 462
vatn 451
vtr 462
vttr 439
vax 439
vaxa 439
va 460
vgi 460
vgja 460
vgr 460
vna 461
vnd 461
vnn 461
vringi 461
vrr 461
vta 462
vtt 453
vttr 452
v 466
ve 438
veja 438
ver 452, 459
verdagr 451
verleikr 452
vefa 451
vefja 438
vefr 437
vega 452, 465
vegalauss 452
vegfarandi 452
veggr 439, 441
vegnest 452
INDICES
vegr 452
vegsama 317
vei 440
veia 441
veiimar 441
veir 441
veifa 440
veig 440
veikjask 440
veikligr 440
veikr 440
veina 440
veipa 441
veisa 441
veit 441
veita 441
vekja 442
vekra 442
vel 454
vl 451
veldi 443
velja 444
vella 444, 453
velta 444, 454
venda 446
venja 447
veptr 452
ver 449
vr 460
vera 459
ver 457
vera 457
verglasi 135
verligr 457
verr 458
verja 449451
verk 456
verka 457
verkdagr 456
verkhs 456
verki 457
verkmar 456
verma 449
verld 462
verpa 457
verpill 450
verr 457, 463
verri 457
verstr 457
verj 463
vesa 458
vesall 458
vesl 458
vestan 459
vestrnn 459
vetr 455
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
vexa 439
vdd 465
vi 464
va 465
vibeina 464
vfamr 465
vir 468
vija 464
vir 462, 464
vr 465
vira 452
vf 464
vfandi 465
vg 465
vigg 452
vgharr 465
vgja 465
vgligr 465
vgmar 465
vgr 465
vgsla 465
vgsk 465
vk 466
vika 462
vkva 466
vil 453
vili 453
vilja 453
villibr 454
villidr 454
villr 454
vimpill 454
vin 455
vn 467
vnbelgr 466
vnber 466
vnbyrli 466
vinda 454455
vindr 454455
vndrukkinn 466
vindslot 352
vnfat 467
vngarr 467
vnhs 467
vinna 455
vinr 455
vinstri 455
vntr 467
vira 458
virgill 456
virki 457
virkja 457
vrr 467
virtr 457
vsa 468
vsdmr 467
vsi 468
visinn 467
vsir 441
visk 463
vsligr 467
visna 463
viss 463
vss 467
vist 459
vsundr 463
vit 459, 463
viti 464
vti 468
vitka 468
vitki 468
vitlauss 463
vitr 464
vitugr 464
vxl 462
vxla 462
vvi 451
vk 442
vkr 442
vldugr 443
vllr 445
vlr 445
vlt 444
vmb 445
vndr 446
vndull 446
vr 449
vrr 448
vrn 449
vrr 450
vttr 447
vxtr 439
yr 433
ykkar 84, 208
ylgr 474
lir 205
miss 272
ynglingr 207
yppa 435
r 203
yra 475
yri 475
yrki 476
yrkja 476
skja 475
ta 437
523
524
INDICES
Icelandic
banga 35
bulla 62
pota 293
prik 293
prika 293
dulinn 81
gill 135
gloppa 137
hljur 176
hneikja 179
hnissa 180
hnokki 181
hslaukr 196
hvella 200
sangr 318
skolpa 348
skrkja 344
skrlta 344
skrr 347
snorkinn 357
spai 361
spla 365
strokkr 382
hvolfr 198
tja 399
ta 403
tota 413
l 232
leja 231
lepja 236
maka 257
maltr 258
mjaurt 265
moltinn 267
421
vs 462
vinstr 447
vippa 462
vkull 442
volgr 443
Norwegian
aul
29
baus 40
beitel 33
blakra 47
bradd 55
brake 54
bringe 55
brusk 59
budda 61
bsa 65
busk 64
digen 72
dott 80
drynja 77
dryn 77
glma 136
glm 137
glora 137
gluma 137
glyra 137
gnadra 137
gnarra 138
grymta 140
hegn 150
hendig 159
labb 231
lygn 250
melde 266
ade 105
fnas 109
fyr 96
frakkr 111
ns
289
gamp 125
gr 135
glan 135
ma 470
orre 436
s 470
plug
292
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
rams
rand
rind
rsa
rust
184
297
302
310
195
skadd 331
skank 334
skarra 336
skere 335
skramp 344
skravla 342
skrella 344
skrkka 344
skvelpa 348
slidra 350
slump 352
sl 352
slka 352
smaul 278
smeita 352
smele 353
smolt 353
snerpa 357
snpa 358
snr 359
snott 359
snukka 359
snt 360
syra 320
spit 365
splint 365
spytta 368
st 377
stm 378
stokka 375
strpa 382
strak 380
strekkja 380
strika 381
strop 382
strypa 381
str 385
svabba 389
svarmr 391
svma 397
svintoks 415
syl 329
tot 413
treda 409
treen 410
trykkja 427
tvinga 431
tvisl 414
tvist 414
varulf 463
veis 441
vexa 439
vond 446
Old Swedish
ljes 15
bagn 32
Biari 43
b 52
brdhin 56
bunka 62
dggia 67
da 72
diunga 70
nlker 8
fste 95
ft 89
na 103
fux 117
gadder 121
gjalla 131
glda 136
Gotar 147
Gutar 147
hlith 155
hela 152
hinna 169
hundari 193
hv 199
hvr 199
jmliker 82
koadel 2
krootas 222
krsta 221
lkir 244
lpi 241
liuske 243
l 250
lrikia 234
525
526
INDICES
molda 275
mor 277
mt 274
mugga 275
niupa 180
spana 361
spinnil 364
sprda 366
staga 368
stra 381
svr 393
oghn 433
tr
padda 291
prang 293
ryskia 426
umi 431
409
thvna 432
rita
306
skiuva 339
skrva 344
skrunken 344
smlta 353
sno 358
vlla 453
valmoghe 269
vappel 447
via 461
vta 468
Swedish
ba 395
ag 3
armbge 23
bark 37
brnad 58
brind 55
brsa 60
mes 256
mjldagg 266
modd 278
myra 268
ndtharf 282
rtagrd
435
dill 70
dodra 78
pamp 291
pipa 292
gl 131
glimma 136
gnida 138
griopa 140
raka 296
regnorm 300
hackspick 365
harv 162
hasselnt 164
hwte 202
jordbr 85
jordnt 85
knagg 217
kolk 223
kulk 223
skofvel 347
skolla 345
skorf 346
skratta 344
skrubba 345
skuldra 345
smacka 353
smaka 353
sndra 387
strutta 382
trst 430
vase 450
lefverrt 245
loppa 251
yrga 476
yster 436
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
Old Danish
blaa 47
blstr 50
mir 262
ms 274
dokke 78
sxte 322
slum 352
harm 163
kvade 227
valm 444
volm 444
vrath 472
Danish
r
bille
quista
46
fald 91
gjlle
229
skrub 344
slaa 348
slaatorn 348
smelt 353
131
tvige 414
kaa 211
vann 447
Old Frisian
a 4, 10, 17
5
br 44
acht 20
achta 5
achtunda 5
af 1
aga 6
gbr 57
ge 29
k 29
ka 29
ald 13
alevna 13
alknia 248
alle 16
alond 4
n 9
and 18
andlofta 8
andlova 8
andswara 392
andwerda 475
appel 21
r 4
arb(i)d 22
re 30
armboga 23
skia 9
ter 10
aththa 27
axa 12
axe 5
axle 5
bg 39
bga 44
bken 39
balka 34
balumon 34
bm 39
ban(n) 36
band 35
banna 36
barg 37
baria 40
barna 54
basafang 92
bsafeng 40
bt 32
bata 38
be 44
b 46
be(i)th 39
527
528
bed 32
bedda 32
bede 45
bedrt 76
bedselma 324
beia 39
bek 33
bekward 448
bl 65
bn 32
bend 35
benethe 35
benk 36
ber 36
bera 41, 43, 64
berch 42
berd 36, 63
berde 64
berft 40
bern 37
bernls 37
bersta 56
bet 38
bta 52
betere 38
bthe 52
betst 38
beva 45
bida 43
bir 44
bda 46
bidda 45
bidia 45
bidriga 75
bifella 97
bifesta 95
biginna 132
bigrip 142
bihella 191
bihf 181
bihvia 181
bijta 133
bileka 240
bilva 247
binda 41
biseppen 330
bta 46
bitech 406
bithoda 422
bitze 33
biwellen 453
biwolven 200
blt 48
blu 49
bled 46
blda 50
INDICES
blenda 47
blesza 47
bl 49
blen 50
blka 49
blind 48
blinda 48
blindia 48
bld 50
bldich 50
bldrennand 50
bldrisne 50
blia 50
blma 50
bod 60
boda 61
bodel 64
bodem 61
bodia 61
bg 51
boga 61
bk 52
bkia 52
bona 36
bonia 36
bord 63
borgia 63
bsem 52
bste 35
bte 52
btls 52
brd 54
brdgenza 126
brand 54
brd 53
brda 57
brde 53
bregge 58
breid 59
breida 55
breidgoma 59
breidgomo 146
brein 53
breka 55
breud 53
briast 56
bringa 55
brk 57
brlop 59
brther 57
brouwa 56
browen 56
brka 60
brn 60
brust 59
buckia 61
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
bk 64
burch 63
burna 56, 58
buwa 52
bwa 53
calf 209
Crcland 221
dch 69
dd 69
df 69
damm 67
damma 68
dth 70
dw 70
dawa 70
dde 72
deeg 66
dei 66
deiwerch 66
del 67
dl 67
dla 67
dele 67
delga 78
delva 70
dma 73
demeth 271
dpa 69
derve 71
dir 71
diunk 68
diure 71
dochter 78
dol 81
dolg 78
dm 73
dracht 77
draga 74
drm 75
drentza 74
dripa 76
drinka 75
drva 76
drohten 77
dugethe 78
dumb 79
dne 80
dung 79
dr 68
dure 79
ds 81
dst 79
dve 80
dwa 73
dwalia 81
dwelia 81
ebba 1
edila 27
eft 2
efta 2
efter 2
egg 3
eggia 3
gin 6
ei 31
eide 3
ein 6
k 7
ekker 12
l 87
elde 14
ellemachtich 254
elles 15
elmechtich 12
enda 18
endia 18
enfald 8
engelsk 19
nich 8
ench 289
enst 21
epen 435
epenia 435
er 203
r 9
era 23
erch 23
re 11
erfnoma 289
erm 24
ern 31
erthe 86
erthfall 85
erthfest 85
erva 22
erve 22
ervia 22
esn 327
et 26
t 88
eta 86
th 10
thel 290
ethele 27
etheling 27
thma 87
etta 27
evel 433
vend 2
529
530
evenia 82
zen 7
f 92
fch 89
fal 91
-fald 90
falla 91
fmne 90
fana 92
fara 93
farderva 71
fatia 95
fax 89
fecht 89
feder 88
federia 88
fla 109
feld 97
fell 97
fella 91, 118
felo 98
fenne 92
fensze 92
fr 99
fra 110
ferch 100
fre 110
feria 93
ferost 120
ferwe 93
fest 94
fst 118
feste 95
festia 94
festna 95
fet 95
fethere 102
fethm 95
97
faern 300
al 199
fand 103
rda 96
ff 98
nda 99
nger 99
ra 99
rne 100
sk 103
skia 103
teria 102
uchta 96
r 121
wer 96
gia 105
sk 104
INDICES
ax 104
echt 108
ett 105
a 107
iga 106
ita 107
d 107
fdia 109
fga 109
fol 118
fola 118
folgia 117
folk 117
folwch 118
fora 119
forda 119
forma 116
formest 116
forsmia 354
forst 116
forth 121
ft 110
fr 112
frse 111
fr 112
frema 111
fremethe 111
frethia 115
fretho 115
frethols 115
fr 114
friaia 114
frhelse 114
frind 114
frist 113
frd 115
fugel 116
fl 121
fulla 118
furch 120
fynd 118
g 128
gd 122
gadia 122
gk 128
galga 124
game 125
gme 128
gn 133
gang 125
gra 123
garda 127
garsfelle 91
gat 128
gja 122
gelva 238
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
gelk 248
gendze 125
gr 123
gerdel 147
gers 140
gta 134
g 206
gled 135
gld 137
gles 135
gla 136
gliand 137
glda 136
glisa 136
glren 137
glpa 137
gnarren 138
god 145
gd 138
gold 145
gs 126
grt 141
gr 142
grd 143
greft 139
grne 143
grt 141
grta 144
grva 139
grim 141
grip 142
grpa 143
grs 143
gristel 144
grund 144
gulden 146
gunga 125
hch 166
had 165
hagia 150
halda 155
half 154
halia 156
hals 156
halsfang 156
halve 155
hm 152
hamer 158
hana 161
hna 166
hand 159
handelia 159
handls 159
hangia 160
hanxt 160
hp 166
hs 153
hasa 164
hst 151
hat 165
hatia 165
hved 165
hvedls 148
havek 148
hwa 167
hebba 147
-hd 151
hda 196
hde 167, 196
hef 147
hefta 149
hei 190
hia 166
heil 150
hl 151
hela 168
hla 152, 160
helde 192
helfte 155
hli 151
hlich 151
hligia 151
helle 156
helm 168
helpa 168
helpe 168
helpels 168
hemma 158
hemminge 158
hna 166
henda 159
hnde 166
henne 161
hr 153, 172
hra 167
herda 162
herde 162
here 163
hereberge 42
hereferd 162
herewei 162
herfst 161
herm 163
herne 195
hert 171
herte 170
herth 170
ht 153
hta 153
hthin 154
heva 149
hezil 154
hindera 173
531
532
hinderia 173
hingia 160
hirifolk 162
hit 172
hlakkia 174
hlpa 175
hlda 178
hldere 174
hlf 173
hlem 174
hl 177
hlid 177
hlda 177
hlot 178
hld 178
hnga 180
hd 165
hf 181
hof 190
hk 154
hol 191
hold 192
holda 192
holt 192
homelia 157
hp 182
hr 182
horn 195
horning 195
hors 189
hotha 196
hxene 160
hredda 183
hreg 189
hreil 183
hreka 184
hrne 183
hrra 189
hrrf 183
hrid 186
hrif 185
hring 185
hriouwa 186
hrs 187
hrve 187
hrf 188
hrpa 188
hrta 186
hu 160
hugia 190191
hund 193
hundred 193
hunger 194
hungera 193
hunig 193
hs 196
hsls 196
INDICES
hslse 239
hswerda 456
hve 196
hw 199
hwarf 198
hweder 199
hwenne 198
hwr 198
hwerva 200
hwet 199
hwte 197
hwla 201
hwle 201
hwt 201
iat 208
del 203
iechta 205
ielne 14
ien 122
iertel 206
ieva 130
ik 83
ili 15, 83
in 8384
inna 84
inra 83
inwrsze 472
re 86
is 86
s 204
sern 204
itsil 206
j 205
jder 87
jecht 205
jef 204
jeft 130
jeld 130
jelda 130
jelde 131
jen 204
jr 206
jernwine 127
jsel 135
jst 123
jest 127
jeve 130
jve 133
jogethe 207
jung 207
jungeling 207
kald 209
kan 210
kp 211
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
kapia 211
kpmon 211
kla 219
kella 209
kenep 209
kenna 210
kra 211
kerf 225
kerva 213
kessa 225
kest 226
ktha 224
kisa 213
kin 212
kining 224
kinn 224
kly 215
klne 214
kleppa 217
klva 216
klova 217
knapp 217
knecht 217
kn 218
knf 218
kole 223
kolk 223
korbirta 226
korbita 45
korn 225
koss 225
kreft 220
krenza 220
kronk 220
krpa 221
k 219
kuma 227
kth 224
ld 238
lf 237
lagia 231
lamb 234
lan 236
ln 239
land 235
lappa 236
lre 233
ls 239
lsta 233
laster 232
lathia 237
lva 232
lch 244
lda 232
lde 232
ledza 231
lf 243
lge 244
legor 240
leina 238
leine 250
leither 241
leken 234
lema 234
lemethe 234
ln 232
lena 177
lenden 235
lentze 236
lra 233
lerna 247
lsa 239
lesa 241
lst 244
lt 245
lta 244
lth 233
lethich 246
letta 237
letza 244
lva 232
li 247
la 247
liacht 242
lif 241
liga 242
lit 243
libba 245
lchte 240
lid 245
lidza 240
lf 247
ls 247
lk 247
lkia 248
lkoma 247
lne 248
lippa 241
list 246
lith 246
lth 249
ltha 248
liude 242
livere 245
lch 249
lof 249
loga 238, 250
lok 250
lokk 250
lom 234
londkp 235
long 235
lotha 252
533
534
lovia 249
lka 252
lungen 251
lust 251
macht 254
maga 253
makia 257
malt 258
mana 260
manich 259
manichfald 259
mann 260
mr 257
mar 261
mra 257
mst 256
mch 269
mede 265
mde 272
megith 253
mei 252
ml 270
mlia 263, 270
melka 267
melok 267
mn 255
mna 255
mne 255
mnth 255
menie 259
merg 264
merke 262
merkia 262
merrie 261
merth 261
meta 268
mta 274
mete 263
mi 83
midde 264
middel 264
milde 266
min 271
mn 83, 273
minnia 268
misdde 272
mislk 272
missa 272
mith 268
md 273
mdar 273
molde 275
mna 270
mnath 270
monia 259
monslachta 348
INDICES
mr 274
morn 276
morth 277
morthia 277
morthra 277
ms 274
mt 274
mther 274
mla 278
mund 275276
mundele 275
ms 278
mtha 276
nacht 279
naked 280
nama 280
namelik 280
namna 280
nt 282
nthe 287
navla 279
nd 282
nda 283
ndbende 282
ndle 287
ndskne 282
ndthreft 282
ni 286
neil 279
nema 284
nn 283
nera 281
net 281
nta 282
nette 282, 290
neva 283
nevil 283
ni 283
n 284
nita 285
nift 283
nigun 285
nigunda 285
nth 289
nither 289
nithera 289
nithria 289
noch 289
ngelik 289
nmia 289
nose 281
n 289
ofta 433
omma 17
onbl 49
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
ondser 391
ondwarde 475
ne 87
onkel 20
ord 436
se 433
ther 21
oven 433
over 433
ovirbulgen 41
oxa 433
pl 292
pand 291
panna 291
path 291
penning 291
pett 294
ppe 292
plicht 292
plch 292
pl 292
pot 293
qud 229
querka 228
quern 228
quetha 229
quik 230
quika 230
quinka 228
rd 299
rdrond 297
raeferd 23
rf 298
rfrd 295
rn 299
rp 296
rta 187
rvia 298
rd 295, 304
rda 303, 306
rde 304
rdieva 303
rdjeva 130
rdls 303
rein 300
reinboga 300
reise 296
rk 299
rka 295, 299
reka 301
rekon 301
rma 309
rene 308
reppa 184
reth 298
rethe 298
rethia 298
rtza 296
rika 303
rib 300
rda 305
rk 305
rke 305
rkedm 305
rinna 302
rsa 306
riucht 301
riuchta 301
riuchtelik 300
rva 305
rd 306
rder 307
rofe 189
rogga 308
rokk 308
rothe 307
rothia 309
rm 309
rumfara 94
ruogie 473
s 397
sadel 311
salt 316
sm 320
samenia 317
samin 317
samnath 317
sand 318
sanga 318
sannia 318
sanza 318
sth 320
sax 312
scf 336
schedda 345
schep 334
scilling 338
scipmann 340
scot 346
scrift 344
s 314
se 329
sburch 314
secht 385
sd 327
sedza 311
sege 311
seil 322
seka 314
ska 360
535
536
seke 315
sl 313
sla 312
sland 314
sle 314, 389
self 323
sella 316
selover 328
selvirn 329
senda 318
sr 313
sra 313
srlik 313
ste 328
seten 319
setta 319
sex 322
sexta 322
s 322
sia 323
sa 329330
sik 326
sitha 326
sib 320
sibbe 320
side 321
sde 329
sielden 323
sigun 321
sigunda 321
silrp 328
sm 330
sn 330
sind 458
sine 329
sinka 325
sinna 325
sinne 386
sitta 325
siune 322
siunga 324
skaft 331
skalk 332
skamia 333
skande 334
skt 337
skatha 336
skathia 336
skawia 337
skel 332
skeld 337
skelde 345
skne 336
sknia 332
skenka 334
skp 340
skeppa 334
INDICES
skera 338
skerd 335, 346
skere 335
skre 340
skern 335
skerp 335
sket 336
skete 347
sktha 331
skthe 332
sketta 347
skiata 339
skd 341
skifta 340
skilla 338
skna 341
skip 340
skipia 341
skre 341
skve 341
skch 342
skome 333
skrd 344
skrva 344
skl 347
skulder 345
skr 347
skre 347
skva 347
sl 348
slagia 348
slei 348
slp 350
slpa 349350
slm 351
slpa 351
slit 351
slta 351
sliucht 350
slta 350
smaka 352
smakia 353
smel 353
smere 353
smta 355
smith 354
smithe 355
snabba 355
sn 355
snde 355
snell 357
sns 356
sniewyt 355
sntha 358
snore 359
snotte 359
sol 385
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
song 318
sorgia 388
soth 388
spada 361
spn 364
sparia 362
spedelspring 366
spek 365
spera 367
spere 364
spa 365
spinna 364
splta 365
sponne 362
spot 368
spreka 366
sprendza 366
springa 366
sprta 366
spurna 367
stack 370
stall 370
stn 377
stap 371
stp 373
stapa 372
stapul 372
stareblind 372
stark 372
stathe 369
stathul 373
stavia 368
sted 369, 372
stef 368
stei 377
stek 378
steka 373
stekk 374
stela 374
stn 369
stnhs 369
stpa 373
stera 375
stert 376
sterva 375
stt 373
stta 373
stevene 371
stipdochter 376
stipfeder 376
stipmder 376
stipsunu 376
stirne 377
stf 378
stifne 373
stga 378
stge 378
stille 374
stth 375
stiura 377
stiure 377
st 380
stokk 383
stl 379
stonda 371
str 379
strm 380
str 381
strekka 380
strwa 381
strd 381
strda 382
strka 382
strotbolla 62
strumphelte 157
stunde 383
sulik 390
sum 385
sumur 386
sund 386
sunu 388
spa 389
sth 387
sther 387
sthern 387
swger 396
swale 390
swara 392
swarde 391
swart 392
swenga 391
swr 396
swera 391
swerd 395
swria 396
sws 396
swslik 396
swester 395
swt 390
swte 398
swethe 392
swir 393
swka 397
swma 397
swimma 394
swn 397
swinga 394
swire 395
swoll 398
tker
talia
tam
tm
399
400
401
403
537
538
tne 399
tange 401
tr 399
tver 402
te 408
tken 399
tkna 399
tele 401
tella 400
tma 408
tera 405
thach 418
than 415
thank 416
thekka 415
thekke 415
thenne 429
thenza 416
thr 416
therf 421
therm 417
therve 417
thervia 417
thet 310, 417
thich 423
thid 423
thif 422
thianest 419
thinia 418
thille 420
thn 423
thing 420
thingia 421
thingmon 420
thinka 429
thifthe 422
tholia 428
tholl 428
thonkia 416
thor 417
thorn 430
thorp 430
thr 425
thrd 426
thredda 427
threkk 425
thrna 427
throtbolla 427
thruc 421
thu 428
thma 431
thuner 429
thsend 431
thweres 432
thwinga 431
tia 405
tider 405
INDICES
tin 404
-tich 403
td 407
tiht 406
til 407
tilia 407
timber 404
timbria 404
tin 407
tiona 405
tre 408
tiuna 405
t 408
tocht 411
togia 411
topp 412
tth 401
trst 409
tr 409
treda 409
triwe 410
trog 410
tros 411
tn 413
tunge 412
turf 412
tusk 412
tw 415
twelef 413
twelefwintre 413
twn 415
twi(r)a 414
twl 414
twilifta 413
twne 414
twispon 362
twist 414
der 436
umbe 434
und 434
under 434
unegert 147
untfruchta 120
unwelde 443
up 435
uppa 435
ur 436
urdrift 76
urkin 108
ur-heria 163
urlisa 243
urskelda 345
urthringa 426
s 460
t 437
te 437
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
ter 437
uva 432
wch 440
wada 438
waja 460
wakia 442
wald 445
walda 443
walla 444, 453
walubera 445
wam 445
wamme 445
wna 461
wandel 446
wapul 447
wardia 448
ware 450
waria 449
warld 462
warm 449
warna 449
warte 450
wse 441
wax 439
waxa 439
webb 437
wed 438
wd 460
weddia 438
wedel 451
weder 452
wg 460
wei 452
wein 439
wekkria 442
wel 454
weldich 443
wemma 445
wn 461
wenda 446
wnia 440
wnthe 461
wpa 470
wpin 461
wr 461
wer 463
wera 449
were 457
wergia 476
werk 456
werka 476
werkia 457
werp 457
werpa 457
wersta 457
werth 457, 458
wertha 457
wesa 458
west 459
wt 441, 462
wta 441, 462
weter 451
wexa 439
w 460
wicht 453
wd 465
widubn 464
widwe 462
widze 452
wf 464
wga 465
wka 466
wike 462
wilde 454
willa 453
wimpel 454
wn 467
wind 454
winda 454
wine 455
winister 455
winna 455
winter 455
wirra 457
wirst 472
ws 467468
wsa 468
wsdm 467
wiss 463
wit 464
wita 464
wta 468
wte 468
wtgia 468
wtha 466
withe 464
wither 464
withersaka 315
wixlia 462
wlite 469
wker 469
wolf 473
wolken 474
wolle 474
wonder 474
wongare 446
wonia 446, 475
word 475
worm 476
wst 470
wrk 470
wreka 471
wrke 472
539
540
INDICES
wretse 471
writen 473
wrgia 473
wrta 473
wunde 474
wundia 474
zerl 210
zvia 214
Frisian dialects
arf 25
arve 25
balge 33
barwe 38
bergje 42
berm 37
bur 64
bsen 65
dafen
dssel
driech
dwelm
66, 415
419
76
81
eandje 4
eitel 10
t 103
ake 105
glopp 137
glor 137
glm 137
glmen 137
glpe 137
gnatern 138
grme 143
grum 143
grt 144
gulf 145
gumi 128
hall 156
hegge 150
hel 191
knjen 219
kkken 222
lsk 234
lk 247
lask 237
loaitsje 249
marig 261
ml 258
meau 256
mieu 256
mt 274
murt 277
nau 179
nesk 179
pol
293
rafel 294
reaf 294
remmen 184
rfen 187
rim 302
rip 306
ripe 306
riuwe 305
schakel 332
schalk 333
schalm 333
schjen 340
schl 339
seal 315
skite 342
skonk 345
skrieme 344
skrobb 344
sleau 349
slinke 350
slpe 350
smelte 353
snpen 358
spot 368
steam 376
steedfest 368
stek 370
stekke 370
stigt 377
str 378
stren 379
stjonke 375
stnt 383
strump 382
suen 385
swarven 391
sweifeln 389
swine 397
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
tge 406
terskje 426
todde 411
tommeling 431
tte 413
waei 197
waskje 450
wether 459
witls 463
wdte 465
wringe 472
Old English
10
abelan 34
ac 11
c 7
acan 11
cwern 7
d 6
adela 2
diefan 69
dimmad 70
10
etan 418
ercian 421
exe 4
ruten 428
stf 10
swara 392
arran 99
afol 2
freman 111
e 6
en 6
alc 3
nian 6
h 6
l 7
alan 12
alor 17
alynnan 251
m 7
ambeht 18
ambiht 18
ambyr 64
n 9
nboren 8
and 18
anda 18
ndaa 8
andbita 46
andefn 1
andfene 92
andiet 133
andlan 236
andsaca 315
andste 328
andswarian 392
andswaru 391
andwyrdan 475
nee 7
nfeald 8
nfte 8
ana 19
anel 19
nena 126
anseta 326
nhende 8
nhlepe 8
nrd 9
nstapa 9
nwealda 9
nw 9
apa 21
r 9, 11
ran 295
rencan 297
snian 313
ascian 9
scielfan 332
scilian 332
slwian 349
spretan 366
ast 26
stundian 383
atol 27
cen 7
cer 12
cerceorl 12
cerman 12
cern 12
cerweorc 12
cs 12
dre 87
ele 27
elin 27
elkund 223
elo 27
m 87
rot 427
f 1
funca 429
fen 2
ft 2
ftan 2
541
542
ftemest 3
fter 2
fterenel 125
fwerdelsa 456
11
87
ht 6
l 87
lan 7
led 7
lf 13
llyfta 8
lwiht 15
myrie 7
ni 8
nlc 8
ppel 21
r 9
rest 9
rist 304
rn 300
rnan 297
sc 26
sce 26
smou 355
sp 26
t 26
t 88
te 10
trpe 139
tor 10
twist 459
w 10
wan 6
wisc 6
bacan 33
baian 39
b 44
balca 34
bn 32
bana 36
banca 36
bannan 36
br 33
bt 32
bc 33
bdan 32
b 39
bhs 39
bl 44
br 38
br 40
brnan 54
bst 38
btan 33
be 44
INDICES
becen 39
beadu 32
be 39
behifa 130
beald 34
bealdor 33
bealu 34
bem 39
ben 40
beard 36
bear 37
bearm 37
bearn 37
bearnles 37
bears 38
bearu 38
bearwe 38
betan 40
bece 33
bce 51
bd 45
bedd 32
bedht 126
bedr 75
been 52
beinnan 132
behfe 172
behan 181
behwylfan 198
beldo 34
bel 33
belan 41
belfan 247
bellan 41
belle 41
belone 41
bemyldan 275
ben 35
bn 52
benc 36
bencel 36
bend 35
bendan 35
bennian 36
be 44, 46
bed 43
bedan 43
beoan 45
beofor 40
ber 44
beorc 43
beoror 43
beor 42
beoran 42
beorht 42
beorhtlc 42
beorn 43
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
beornan 56
bersele 44
bow 44
bera 43
beran 41
bere 36
beran 37
berian 37
berie 40
berst 56
berstan 56
berfan 298
besnyian 357
bet 38
btan 52
betre 38
betst 38
bicce 41
bd 45
bdan 46
biddan 45
betel 40
ban 39
biitan 133
bilewit 45
bill 46
bindan 41
bionot 41
birce 42
bircen 42
birhtu 42
bita 45
btan 46
btel 46
biter 45
bitol 46
blc 47
blanc 47
blandan 47
blt 47
blwan 48
blcan 47
bld 46
bldre 46
ble 50
blh()wen 49
blst 49
ble 48
blet 48
bldan 50
bldsian 78
blencan 48
blendan 47
blcan 49
blician 49
ble 49
blind 48
blo 50
bld 50
bldi 50
bldred 50
bldyrnende 50
blt 51
bltan 51
blwan 50
blysa 48
Boba 51
bc 52
bcian 51
bcstf 51
bod 60
boda 61
bodan 61
bodian 61
bo 51
boa 61
bian 51
bold 64
bolla 62
bolster 62
bolt 62
br 62
bord 63
borda 63
bordaca 63
borian 63
brian 64
bsi 35
bsum 52
bt 52
brd 53
brand 54
brandrd 54
brant 54
brc 53
brdan 53, 5657
brde 53, 57
brdo 53
brd 53
bren 53
bred 54
brec 55
brecan 55
bredan 55
bremman 55
breord 55
brost 56
brostbeor 56
bretan 56
brewan 56
brid 55
brimld 57
brindl 56
brinan 55
543
544
brc 55, 57
bro 59
bror 57
brorbana 58
bron(e) 58
brord 59
br 60
brcan 60
brn 60
brna 58
brce 60
bryc 58
brd 59
brduma 59
bryne 58
bryrdan 59
brytan 54
brytta 59
bryttian 59
b 65
ban 52
bucc 61
bucca 61
ban 43
bula 62
br 65
bur 63
burna 58
ban 53
bycan 61
be 61
byht 61
bl 65
byldan 34
bylan 62
byrdan 63
byre 64
byrele 64
byrene 43
byran 63
brian 64
byrne 58
byrst 64
bsen 65
cf 208
calan 208
calu 209
camb 209
can 210
canne 210
carian 211
carl 210
ceald 209
cealdian 209
cealf 209
cep 211
INDICES
cepman 211
cepscip 211
clan 219
cemban 209
cne 219
cenep 209
cennan 210
ce 211
cel 213
ceole 212
ceorfan 213
ceorlfolc 210
cesan 213
cewan 213
cpan 219
ciern 213
cild 212
cle 223
cin 212
cnan 214
cinbn 212
cinber 212
cipp 214
cirm 210
citelian 214
clam 214
clatrun 215
clawan 215
clfre 215
cl 215
clne 214
clenan 215
clefan 216
cleowe 216
clewea 215
cla 216
clif 216
clfan 216
clian 216
clifrian 216
climban 215
clinan 216
clott 217
clufu 216
clt 217
clynian 217
clyppan 217
cnapa 217
cnwan 218
cnpp 217
cnedan 218
cne 218
cnf 218
cniht 217
cnotta 219
cnucian 218
cnuwian 219
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
cnyllan 219
cnyssan 219
cnyttan 219
codd 222
cfa 222
cl 219, 223
colc 223
colt 223
cop 224
coran 225
corn 225
cornhrycce 189
cornhs 225
cos 225
costian 226
cot 226
craan 220
crammian 220
cran 220
cranoc 221
crft 220
crt 221
cras 221
crepan 221
crimman 221
crinan 221
cr 220
crop 222
cruma 222
cryb 222
crypel 222
c 219
c 224
cuman 227
cumbol 223
cunnian 224
cwnian 226
cweddian 226
cwean 229
cwelan 227
cwellan 227
cwme 230
cwn 230
cwne 228
cweorn 228
cweornstn 228
cwic 230
cwice 230
cwide 227
cwidu 227
cwi 230
cwildtd 227
cwincan 228
cwis 229
can 224
cu 223
cyn 224
cynd 224
cyneboren 224
cynehelm 224
cynewie 223
cynin 224
cynindm 224
cyninrce 224
cpan 211
cyrf 225
cyrtel 225
cyssan 225
cyst 226
cyte 226
cytel 211
daian 66
daro 68
dd 72
d 66
de 67
dlan 66
dweorc 66
dl 67
dl 67
dlan 67
ded 69
da 70
ded 70
def 69
deh 69
deall 79
dear 68
delfan 70
delu 70
dman 73
Denamearc 68
dencan 68
denn 70
dep 71
deplc 71
der 71
deorc 71
dere 71
deorf 71
deorfan 71
dile 70
dim 70
docce 78
dhtor 78
dol 81
dol 78
dm 73
dmhs 73
dn 73
dr 79
dosen 80
dott 80
545
546
dox 80
draan 74
drn 76
drfan 74
dre 74
drem 75
drfan 77
drencan 74
dro 76
drean 75
drepan 7576
drer 75
dresan 76
drepen 75
drif 76
drfan 76
drincan 75
drince 75
drf 77
dropa 77
druncen 77
druncnian 77
drupian 78
dryht 77
dryhten 77
drync 77
dryre 77
dfan 80
dfedoppa 80
duu 78
dumb 79
dn 80
dun 79
drustod 79
druweard 79
dust 79
dwala 81
dwalian 81
dwellan 81
dweor 81
dwild 81
dwnan 81
dwolema 81
dfan 80
dynce 79
dyne 79
dynian 79
dynt 79
dyrst 79
dyttan 80
an 415
anan 416
anc 416
ancian 416
c 415
der 418
INDICES
r 416
t 417
eh 418
earf 417
earfa 417
earan 417
earc 417
earm 417
eccan 415
ean 418
een 418
eenilde 418
el 419
encan 416
enden 416
enel 416
ennan 416
od 423
edcynin 422
eden 422
odisc 422
edland 422
edwe 422
ef 422
eh 423
en 421
eorf 421
ot 430
etan 423
ew 419
owe 419
ewian 419
erscan 426
erscwold 426
icce 419
ican 418
f 422
fefeoh 422
ht 421
ilian 420
ille 420
n 423
in 420
inian 421
instede 420
irran 417
sl 421
istel 419
oft(e) 428
he 416
ht 429
olian 428
oll 428
orn 430
raan 424
r 424
ran 424
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
rwan 426
rd 426
rft 424
ran 424
rs 424
rsce 425
rat 425
rewian 425
rece 424
retan 426
r 425
ridda 427
rinen 427
rinan 426
rste 427
rtan 425
rh 424
roht 427
rostle 425
rotu 427
rh 427
rustfell 428
ryccan 427
r 428
rymm 427
428
f 431
ma 431
unor 429
unrian 429
unwan(e) 429
urh 421
urst 430
send 431
wan 431
wal 431
wen 431
weorh 432
wnan 432
wirel 432
yle 428
mel 431
yncan 429
ynne 429
yrne 430
yrnen 430
yrre 430
yrred 430
yrs 429
yrstan 430
ys 430
e 5
ec 29
eca 29
ed 28
eden 28
edi 28
adocce 5
efynde 28, 118
eete 28
eafora 2
edru 28
ee 29
eahta 5
eal(l)hwt 12
ealce 16
ealceald 16
eald 13
ealddm 13
ealdor 14
ealdord 14
ealdorl 14
ealh 14
eall 16
eallbeorht 16
eallmihti 12
ealluna 16
ealmihti 13
ealu 16
ealubenc 17
ealuhs 17
ealwealda 13
enian 4
ear 4, 29
eard 23
ere 30
earfe 25
earfo 22
earfoian 22
earfowielde 443
ear 23
earh 23
earm 24
earmba 23
earmheort 24
earmlc 24
earn 24
earnep 129
earnet 133
earnian 31
ears 25
earte 25
ease 30
est 30
estan 30
ester 30
estern 30
ewan 28
eax 5
eaxel 5
ebba 1
ce 11
ec 3
547
548
ecan 3
edcerr 82
edwt 468
ea 86
elturf 291
efen 82
efes 432
efesian 1
efnan 1
efnlc 82
eee 3
eenu 3
eesa 3
elan 4
land 4
ele 4
ellen 15
ellenwd 469
elles 15
elm 83
eln 14
elnboa 14
elnian 15
nd 18
ende 18
endeles 18
endian 18
endleofan 8
ened 21
ene 19
Enle 19
enlisc 19
eodor 82
eofor 82
eh 203
eoh 83
eolh 14
eom 458
eorcnanstn 84
eorburh 85
eorbyr 63
eorcund 85
eore 86
eorfst 85
eorhnutu 85
eorhs 85
eorwe 86
ered 83
eorl 85
eormencyn 85
eormenrund 85
eorp 85
eorre 86
eosul 25
eten 86
ewd(e) 31
ewu 31
INDICES
erfe 22
erian 23
esne 26
st 21
etan 86
etol 86
ettan 27
westre 31
fcen 90
fcenstf 90
fh 89
falod 91
fm 90
fana 92
fan 92
faran 93
faru 94
fcne 90
fder 88
fdera 88
fm 95
fmian 95
f 89
fe 89
fen 88
fenian 89
fmne 90
fr 102
fr 93
fran 102
freld 92
frlc 102
fsl 94
fst 94
fstan 95
fstian 94
fstlc 94
fstnian 95
ft 95
ftan 103
feald 90
fealdan 91
fealh 91
feallan 91
fealu 91
fearh 93
fearm 93
fearn 94
fearr 94
fewa 96
feax 89
fdan 109
fdesl 109
fa 99
feer 102
feerfte 96
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
feerhama 102
fan 109
feht 89
fela 98
flan 109
feld 97
fell 97
fellen 97
felt 97
fen 92
fen 92
fenhp 182
foa 103
feoh 97
feoheorn 97
feohhs 97
feohtan 96
fel 103
folan 97
fend 103
fera 96
feorh 100
feorhifa 100
feorhrd 100
feorhsec 100
feorr 99
feortin 101
fewer 96
fewerscte 96
fran 110
fere 110
ferian 93
fersc 115
fted 110
fetel 95
fetian 95
fetor 102
ere 102
ersn 101
ff 98
feald 98
lm 97
nc 103
ndan 99
ner 99
nn 103
n 103
ren 100
renian 100
renweorc 100
ren 99
sc 103
scian 103
tt 101
h 104
n 104
axe 105
c 104
sc 104
e 105
eax 104
dan 107
ean 106
ee 106
eohta 106
en 107
et 107
etan 107
et 105
icce 107
ite 106
int 107
c 108
ocan 108
occ 108
d 107
h 108
ohtenfte 106
r 108
ot 109
ota 109
otian 109
wan 108
uol 108, 116
ye 108
yht 108
fns 109
fnsan 109
fola 118
folc 117
folcdryht 117
folcland 117
folde 117
foldwe 117
folian 117
folo 117
folm 118
fn 92
fr 119
ford 119
fordemman 68
fordwilman 81
for 121
forian 121
fre 119
forewitol 464
foran 122
forht 120
forhylman 191
forlesan 243
formyrrian 277
forn 119
forstemman 371
fster 110
549
550
fsterbror 110
fsterfder 110
fsterland 110
fsterlen 110
fstermdor 110
fstersweostor 110
ft 110
ftspor 110
fox 117
fram 111
framian 111
franca 111
frc 111
fre 112
frec 113
freca 113
frcne 116
frenan 113
freht 113
freme 111
fre 114
freo 113
frean 114
frelsefa 114
frend 114
frendlau 237
fresan 113
frdhenest 115
fri 115
friian 115
friles 115
frols 114
frd 115
froa 116
frost 116
frox 116
frum 116
fuol 116
fl 121
full 118
fullian 118
fulwian 466
furh 120
furhwudu 120
fs 119
fyld 91
fyllan 91, 118
fyllu 118
fr 121
fyrest 120
fyrhtan 120
fyrhtu 120
fyrmest 116
fyrn 101
fyrnmann 120
fyrst 113
INDICES
fsan 119
fst 118
d 122
l 122
alan 124
lscipe 122
amen 125
amnian 125
amol 125
n 133
an 125
anan 125
nian 126
r 123
ra 123
t 123
delin 122
rsrne 140
st 123
st 127
ten 123
- 128
206
ec 128
e 128
ealdor 124
eala 124
ealtrow 124
ealla 124
ealtbor 125
eap 129
er 206
eard 126
earn 127
earnwinde 127
earu 127
earwe 127
eat 128
eelian 28
ebann 36
ebte 33
ebedda 32
eberan 41
ebirhtan 42
eblond 47
ebroc 58
ebrot 59
ebyrd 63
eclofa 217
ecor 226
ecwme 229
edafen 66
edafenian 66
edfe 73
edr 73
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
edrep 75
edrf 76
edwolen 81
eancmetian 268
eawenian 418
eiedan 422
eidan 422
eot 430
eweran 432
efara 94
efen 96
efeterian 102
eerian 102
eo 108
efre 113
efylce 118
eldan 137
en 122
erind 141
erip 142
ehew 167
ehendan 159
ehlencan 175
ehror 190
ehyd 190
elc 248
elca 248
elfan 238
eloccian 250
elonda 235
emaca 257
emd 254
emded 254
emlan 270
emne 255
emenifealdan 91
emet 268
emierce 262
emimor 271
emun 275
emynd 275
n 122
enan 286
enman 287
eneah 279
enet 282
enan 126
ene 125126
en 289
enyht 289
e 207
eoc 207
eocian 207
ecor 206
eu 207
ehheld 205
ehhol 205
eoht 206
olmna 205
eolu 131
emor 206
eon 204
eond 205
eon 207
eonlin 207
eorn 132
etan 133
erd 304
erdan 295
eriere 303
erna 310
esllc 327
este 328
esceaft 331
esceap 334
esc 342
escyrded 335
es 325
esleccan 349
esnid 358
esod 388
esian 319
espann 362
esprant 366
esprce 367
esteald 370
estealla 370
estun 383
estyr 384
esund 386
eswele 390
eswell 394
eswiria 395
etal 400
etene 401
etmian 408
etne 413
etyrfan 413
ewe 460
ewealc 444
ewne 461
eweorp 457
ewesa 459
ewild 443
ewis 463
ewuna 447
ewyrce 476
ewyrde 475
ewyrht 476
ede 423
iccan 207
icel 206
551
552
ie 121
ienan 122
ielde 124
iellan 131
ielp 131
ielpan 131
iernan 132
ierwan 127
if 204
ifan 130
ifol 130
fre 134
ifstl 130
ift 130
ifu 130
ild 130
ilda 131
ildan 130
in 134
nan 134
sel 135
slian 135
ist 206
it 208
uli 205
ladian 135
ld 135
ldlc 135
lm 135
ls 135
lem 135
law 136
ld 137
lida 136
ldan 136
lisian 136
lw 136
lf 137
lm 137
lwan 137
naan 137
nst 138
nt 138
ndan 138
d 138
od 145
odfyrht 144
dlc 138
odweb 145
ian 128
old 145
oldbeorht 145
oldhroden 145
oldsmi 146
ma 139
or 146
orst 147
INDICES
s 126
shafoc 126
otan 147
rafan 139
ram 139
rnian 140
ranu 140
rp 139
rpian 142
rd 142
rdi 142
rf 139
rfe 139
rft 139
r 142
rs 140
rtan 142
ret 141
remettan 140
remian 140
rne 143
rennian 140
ret 141
rtan 144
ren 141
rhund 141
rim 141
rma 143
rimlc 141
rindan 141
rpan 143
ripe 142
rsan 143
ristbitian 45
ristel 144
rost 144
rwan 143
rund 144
rundles 144
rt 144
146
bord 146
fana 146
hwt 146
uma 146
und 146
cer 207
yldan 146
ylden 146
man 128
me 128
ypiend 134
yrdan 147
yrdel 147
habban 147
haca 154
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
hacele 154
hacod 154
hd 151
hdor 151
hafoc 148
haa 150
haosteald 150
hl 151
hlian 151
hli 151
hlstn 172
hlwende 151
hm 152
ham 158
hamelian 157
hmettan 152
hmfaru 152
hamor 158
hana 161
hand 159
handbana 159
handle 159
handlian 159
handmen 159
handseax 159
handweorc 159
handworht 159
hanian 160
hr 153
hara 164
hs 153
hasu 164
ht 153
htan 153
hatian 165
hatol 164
hwian 337
hen 154
hendm 153
hfen 147
hfer 148
hft 149
hftan 149
hftnian 149
h(e)l 150
horn 149
htesse 150
hl 151
hlan 152
hle() 155
hlsian 152
hlu 151
hman 152
hn 161
hnep 159
hpse 164
hr 172
hre 172
hrfest 161
hrfestmna 161
hrn 185
hsel 164
hselhnutu 164
hst 151
hst(e) 151
htan 153
htt 165
h 172
heauder 165
heaf 147
hefod 148, 165
hefodbe 148
hefodbeor 42
hefodles 148
hefodweard 148
heh 166
hahbeor 165
hehheort 165
hehsele 166
hehstede 166
hela 166
heald 155
healdan 155
healf 154155
healfded 154
helic 166
heall 156
healm 156
heals 156
healsfan 156
han 166
hap 166
heard 162
hearde 162
heardheort 162
heardlc 162
heardrd 162
hear 164
hearm 163
hearma 163
hearmian 163
hearpe 163
hearpestren 163
hearpslee 163
hewan 167
hebban 149
heden 148
hefe 148
he 148
he 167
hee 150
hla 160
helan 168
hlan 182
553
554
hell 156
hellerne 155
hellewte 156
helm 168
helma 168
help 168
helpan 168
hemman 158
hemmin 158
henest 160
hentan 161
heofoncund 169
heofonlema 169
heofontunol 169
heolstor 191
hopa 171
heordan 167
heor 170
heorot 171
heorra 171
heorte 170
heoru 171
here 163
herefolc 162
heremann 162
herewd 162
herewpen 163
herewe 162
herewp 163
herian 163
herian 167
hete 165
hettan 165
hider 172
hean 167
hierde 169
hiere 172
hho 166
hild 168
hildlata 237
hilt 168
hincian 169
hind 169
hindan 172
hinder 173
hindrian 173
hion 169
hit 172
hitt 173
hwisc 173
hladan 175
hlf 173
hland 174
hlw 174
hld 173
hlder 174
hlne 174
INDICES
hleahtor 173
hlepan 175
hlec 240
hlehhan 173
hlenca 174
hleor 176
hler 176
hletan 176
hlow 177
hlid 177
hl 177
hlimman 175
hlinian 177
hlw 177
hlot 178
hlwan 177
hld 178
hlutor 178
hldan 178
hlyn 178
hlyst 178
hlyt 178
hlwan 177
hnh 179
hncan 179
hnan 138
hnan 179
hnpp 179
hnppan 179
hnew 179
hnesce 179
hnan 180
hnipian 180
hntan 180
hnitu 180
hnocc 181
hnora 181
hnutu 181
hc 154
hd 165
hf 181
hof 190
hofer 190
hoa 191
hoian 191
hh 160
hhsinu 160
hl 182
hol 191
holc 191
hold 191192
hlian 182
holm 191
holt 192
hn 160
hoppian 194
hr 182
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
hrcwene 182
hord 196
hre 182
horn 195
hornboa 195
hornsc 195
hornunsunu 195
hors 189
horsc 195
hose 195
hrca 187
hrra 183
hramma 184
hrn 183
hratian 184
hrw 183
hrcan 187
hr 185
hrfn 182
hrel 183
hrec 185
hrem 185
hrew 185
hreddan 183
hr 188
hri 189
hremman 184
hred 186
href 186
hrel 183
hresan 186
hrewan 186
hrowe 187
hrowlc 186
hreppan 184
hrran 189
hridder 187
hr 188
hrif 185
hrm 187
hrmceald 187
hrin 185
hrinan 186
hrine 186
hrs 187
hrisel 187
hrissian 187
hrc 188
hrf 188
hrp 188
hrpan 188
hrr 189
hre 190
hrm 190
hrtan 186
hryc 189
he 194
hfe 196
hulc 191
hund 193
hundred 193
hunor 194
huni 193
huniswte 193
hs 196
hsel 194
hsian 197
hw 199
hwder 197
hwer 199
hw 197
hwl 197
hwnne 198
hwr 198
hws 198
hwt 199
hwte 197
hwtecorn 197
hwtemelu 197
hwealf 197198
hwearf 198
hwearan 198
hwelan 200
hwelp 200
hweou 201
hwel 199
hweorf 200
hweorfan 200
hwer 200
hwsan 201
hwettan 199
hwl 201
hwirfan 198
hwt 201
hwtan 202
hwtel 202
hwpan 202
hwsan 202
hwsta 202
hwstan 202
hwurful 200
hw 201
hycan 190
hd 196
hdan 196
hye 190
hyeanc 190
hyern 190
hyldan 157, 191
hyldu 192
hyll 191
hymele 192
hnan 166
hn 166
555
556
hynran 193
hype 194
hran 167
hyrd 194
hyrdan 162
hre 171
hyrne 195
hyrst 195
ic 83
del 203
ides 72
an 30
e 30
ee 30
ierfa 22
4
iil 203
ildan 14
ildu 14
ile 83
ilfetu 13
in 84
inca 84
incer 84, 208
inn 83
innan 84
innanweard 84
inne 83
innera 83
inwid 451
inwidda 451
inylfe 433
ir 23
ren 204
irfan 22
irfenuma 289
irfeweard 22
irman 24
irnan 302
s 204
is 86
sceald 204
sensmi 204
sern 204
w 203
lc 233
lcan 232
lcnian 244
ld 232
l 233
laian 237
lwende 233
lf 232
lau 231
INDICES
lahslit 351
lamb 234
land 235
landsidu 235
lane 236
lan 235
lanian 236
lanlfe 235
lr 233
lwerce 234
lccan 234
lce 244
ldan 232
l 244
lfan 232
ln 232
lppa 236
lran 233
ls 244
lst 233
lst 244
lstan 233
lt 237
ltan 244
lwan 245
led 238
leor 239
lef 237238
la 238
lah 238
leahter 232
lan 232, 239
lepp 239
les 239
lessaol 311
lesun 239
leax 232
lecan 231
leer 241
leerhose 241
lf 243
leer 240
lemian 234
lenan 236
len 236
lenu 236
led 242
ledan 242
le 243
leian 243
lesan 243
lef 241
lec 241
lean 242
leht 240, 242
lema 242
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
len 247
leornian 247
lew 231
lesan 241
lettan 237
lc 247
liccian 245
lican 240
lchama 247
lcian 248
lcmann 247
lid 245
li 246
l 241, 249
lan 248
lf 247
lfan 238
lfd 247
lifer 245
lian 245
les 247
lc 247
l 238
lnan 238
lhtan 241
lhtan 243
lim 246
lm 248
limhl 246
limpan 240
ln 248
lind(e) 240
lne 248
linnan 246
lippa 241
lsan 239
list 246
lste 248
listhendi 159
lxan 242
loc 250
locc 250
lcian 249
loa 252
lof 249
lofeorn 249
loan 249
l 249
lh 236
loppe 251
los 251
losian 251
lox 250
lcan 252
lundlaa 251
lunen 251
ls 252
lust 251
lustsumlc 251
ltan 252
lybb 249
lyft 249
lyen 250
lystan 251
lysu 237
lyt 251
lytel 248
m 257
macian 257
maa 264
mum 256
maa 253
mau 253
mh 254
ml 254
man 259
mn 255
mn 255
mnfull 255
manian 259
manian 259
mani 259
manifeald 259
mann 260
manncynn 260
mannfaru 260
mannian 260
mannles 260
mannlca 260
mnswara 255
mra 257
mse 256
mst 256
mwan 269
mxwyrt 256
mc 257
mdere 252
m 271
mel 263
mlan 263
m 252
m 269
m 253
m 269
men 253
menian 253
menweorc 253
mer 253
ml 269270
mle 270
mlsceafa 258
557
558
mnan 255
mran 270
mru 270
mre 262
mre 255, 270
mst 263
mte 271
mw 256
m 83
meaht 254
meahti 254
meahtles 254
mealmstn 258
mealt 258
mearc 262
mearcian 262
mearcland 262
mear 261
mearh 261, 264
mearu 262
mec 83
mce 269
medema 265
medurn 265
medume 265
meduwyrt 265
me 274
melcan 266
meld 258
melde 266
meltan 267
melu 267
mene 260
meniu 259
mennisc 260
meodu 265
meolc 267
meolcian 267
meord 272
mes 269
mewle 254
mere 261
merece 262
mereswn 261
merien 276
mersc 261
metan 268
mtan 274
mete 263
metebl 263
meteles 263
metian 263
metod 268
micel 265
micellc 265
miclian 265
mid 268
INDICES
midd 264
middaneard 264
midde 264
middel 264
midl 268
midlian 265
man 273
mierran 262
man 272
milde 266
mildaw 266
milisc 266
miltan 258
min 271
mn 83, 273
mirce 268
miran 276
misbyrd 272
miscian 272
misdd 272
mislc 272
missan 272
missere 272
mist 271
mistel 271
misteltn 271
mite 273
md 273
mdewinna 455
mdi 273
mdor 273
mdsefa 273
moe 278
molda 275
molde 275
moldwe 275
mna 270
mna 270
monu 260
mr 274
mor 277
moror 277
morweorc 277
more 276
moren 276
morenifu 276
ms 274
mos 277
mt 274
m 276
ma 276
ma 278
mund 275
murnan 277
ms 278
myce 275
mycern 127
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
myne 276
myr(i)e 276
myrra 277
naca 280
nacod 280
nafela 279
nafu 279
nafur 279
nama 280
nn 283
nasu 281
nata 281
ndl 287
ndre 286
nl 279
nss 281
ntan 280
ne 283
n 283
nediness 282
neh 286
nehfrend 286
nehm 286
nehwest 286
nearu 281
net 282
nebb 279
nan 281
nefa 283
nemnan 280
neoan 287
neoera 289
nes(i)an 284
netan 285
nerian 281
neriend 281
nesan 284
nest 284, 287
nestan 284
netele 281
nett 281
nette 282
nicor 287
nd 282
ndearf 282
ni 289
n 289
nier 289
niere 289
nierian 289
nedan 283
nift 283
nioa 285
nion 285
niht 279
niman 284
nwe 284
noran 289
norwe 289
nose 289
n 289
nytt 290
nyttian 290
er 21
ian 18
ofdle 67
ofen 433
fer 290
ofer 433
oferte 88
oferblice 49
oferapian 126
oferitol 133
oferian 432
oft 433
hsta 290
ht 20
kian 29
on 17
onbidian 45
onbyran 63
oncnwe 218
onan 290
onhaian 150
onn 435
onse 312
open 435
openian 435
r 290
or 436
ord 436
orete 134
orteard 435
orwe 465
s 21
sle 17
st 26
oter 436
oxa 433
pd 291
pl 292
panne 291
p 291
penin 291
pc 292
pinn 291
ppe 292
plen 292
pliht 292
pl 292
pl 292
559
560
posa 293
potian 293
pott 293
pren 293
prician 293
pricu 293
pun 293
pytt 294
r 295
raca 296
racca 297
racente 296
racu 296
rd 295
ranc 297
rand 297
rp 296
rrian 296
rcan 295
rcc 297
rd 304
rdan 303
rdbana 303
rde 295, 304
rden 295
rdifa 303
rdles 303
rdsnotor 304
rfter 294
rpan 296
rpsan 294
rran 296
rsan 304
rw 295
red 299
raan 298
rc 299
rcan 299, 307
reccan 296
recen 301
ren 300
renboa 300
renian 294
renscr 300
renweard 294
renwyrm 300
recan 303
red 302
redan 302
rema 303
retan 303
repan 305
rest 298
ribb 300
rce 305
rcedm 305
INDICES
rdan 305
r 306
rfe 305
rift 304
riht 300301
rihtan 301
rihtun 301
rm 305
rima 302
rinc 302
rind 302
rpan 299
rpe 306
rsan 306
rocc 308
rd 306
rer 307
rofen 303
rmi 304
rt 307
rw 307
rwan 306
rudu 307
rh 309
rm 309
rn 310
rnstf 310
rust 309
ryddan 307
rye 308
rhe 309
rman 309
ryne 308
rne 310
rysc 309
s 312
sacan 314
sacian 315
sacu 315
sda 312
sadol 311
sadolboa 311
sau 311
sl 313
sala 316
salu 316
samen 317
samnian 317
samod 317
samwist 317
smwyrcan 328
sand 318
sandcorn 318
san 318
spe 313
sr 313
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
srbt 313
srlc 313
swan 327
swel 314
s 314
sbur 314
scc 315
sd 310
sd 327
sdor 314
sdtma 327
ssc 314
sen 311
slan 312, 327
sland 314
sl 315
sl 327
smann 314
sne 313
sp 319
st 328
ste 328
swe 314
scnan 332
sceacan 332
sceacel 332
sceaca 331
scedan 331
sceadd 331
sceadu 331
sceadwian 331
sce 332
sceaa 336
sceaian 336
scef 336
scafa 331
sceafan 330
scet 331
sceaft 331
sceaftto 411
sceaa 331
sceal 332
scealc 332
sceala 332
scealu 333
sceam 333
scem 339
sceamian 333
sceamles 333
sceamu 333
sceanca 334
scep 340
scear 335
scer 340
sceard 335
scearn 335
scearp 335
scearu 335
scet 337
sceta 337
sceatt 336
scewian 337
scean 336
scelfan 337
scellan 333
scelle 333
scencan 334
sce 341
scefan 339
sceolh 338
sceorfan 339
scet 339
scetan 339
sceran 338
scd 341
sciftan 340
scild 337
scildan 337, 345
scildbur 337
scildhrea 185
scilfe 337
scilsc 332
scilian 338
scill 332, 338
scillan 338
scillin 338
scma 341
scimian 340
scimrian 340
scnan 341
scne 336
scinu 340
scip 340
sciprd 340
scipmann 340
scippan 334
scipstera 341
scr 341
scran 342
scirian 335
sctan 342
sco 347
scan 342
sch 342
schwan 342
scop 346
scorf 346
scorian 346
scort 346
scoru 346
scot 346
scotian 347
scrd 343
scrallettan 344
561
562
scrapian 344
scrf 334
scrad(e) 344
screpan 344
scran 344
scrie 344
scrfan 344
scrift 344
scrincan 344
scrd 345
scrybb 344
scrdan 345
scfan 347
sculdor 345
scr 347
scwa 347
scyld 345
scyldfrecu 113
scyldhete 153
scyndan 345
scyrte 346
scyte 347
scytel 347
scytta 347
se 310
se 320
sealf 315
sealan 315
sealh 315
sealma 324
sealt 316
sealtan 316
sealtft 316
sealtstn 316
sem 320
ser 320
serian 320
searo 319
sew 320
seax 312
scan 360
sec 312
secan 311
secrf 307
sdan 361
seddan 311
san 318
sefa 311
sfte 318
sel 322
selian 322
seht 312
seldan 323
seldlc 323
seldsne 323
sele 315
seleist 315
INDICES
seleweard 315
self 323
selfta 88
sellan 316
sman 360
sencan 318
sendan 318
senan 318
soc 326
sed 326
soan 326
seofoa 321
seofon 321
seolfor 328
seolforsmi 329
seolfren 329
seolh 323
sen 323, 330
seonu 329
seonuwealt 444
seoran 325
sewan 329
serc 319
sess 325
set 325
seten 319
setl 326
settan 319
sibb 320
sibbian 321
sc 330
sd 329
sde 329
sidian 321
sidu 321
s 325, 330
sian 325
sife 328
san 329
sie 322
sie 322, 328
siel 385
siorian 322
sma 330
simble 324
sn 322, 330
sinc 325
sincan 325
sind 458
sinder 324
sinan 324
sinrne 324
sittan 325
six 322
sixta 322
slh 348
slhorn 348
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
slpan 350
slw 349
sl 348
slc 349
sld 348
slp 350
slen 348
slec 348
slee 348
sldan 351
slidrian 350
sle 351
sliht 348
slm 351
slincan 350
slinan 350
slpan 349
slipor 351
sltan 351
slw 351
sloca 352
slop 352
sluma 352
slpan 350
smacian 353
smcc 352
sml 353
smte 352
smean 353
smah 353
smelt 353
smecan 354
smeortan 353
smeoru 353
smerian 353
smicer 354
smi 354
smibel 354
smie 355
smiian 355
smirels 354
smirwan 354
smtan 355
smittian 354
smocc 355
smolt 353
sman 354
snaca 356
snacc 356
snw 355
snwhwt 355
snd 355
sndan 355
sndin 355
sns 356
snsan 356
snear 356
snearu 356
sneel 357
snell 357
snewan 358
snr 359
sncan 358
snan 358
snwan 358
snd 358
snoru 359
snot 359
snotor 359
snd 360
snyian 359
sntan 360
snytru 359
scn 360
s 318319
scwde 229
slc 319
sword 319
sol 385
sm 360
sopa 388
soppe 388
sor 388
sorian 388
sorhfull 388
st 360
spca 361
spada 361
spanan 361
span 361
spann 362
spannan 362
spanu 362
sparian 362
spr 362
spearca 362
spearhafoc 363
spearwa 363
sped 361
spelc 363
speld 363
spell 363
spellian 363
spennan 362
spennels 362
spere 364
spic 365
spc 365
spild 363
spildan 364
spinel 364
spinnan 364
spr 365
spwan 365
563
564
spiwe 365
spn 364
spor 367
spora 368
spornan 367
spwan 364
sprc 366
sprdan 366
sprecan 366
sprenan 366
spret 364
sprin 366
sprinan 366
sprota 367
spyrd 367
spyrian 367
spyrnan 367
staca 370
staca 369
staol 373
staan 368
stam 370
stamerian 371
stn 369
stnboa 369
stnbur 369
standan 371
stni 369
stapa 372
stapol 372
starian 372
st 372
stan 373
stf 368
st 369
ster 369
stnan 370
stppan 372
str 372
strblind 372
steall 370
stem 376
step 373
stearc 372
stearn 375
steartlian 376
stede 369
stedefst 368
stedeles 368
stefn 368, 373
stefna 371
stefnan 371
stefnian 373
stela 374
stelan 374
stencan 371
stepbearn 376
INDICES
stepcild 376
stepdohtor 376
stepfder 376
stepmdor 376
stepsunu 376
ster 377
steorfa 375
steorfan 375
stermann 376
steorra 375
steort 376
stepe 371
sticca 374
stice 378
stician 378
st 375
steran 377
stf 378
sti 377
st 378
stan 378
stirp 377
stlan 369
stle 369
stillan 374
stille 374
stincan 375
stinan 374
stpan 373
stocc 383
std 379
stod 382
stdhors 379
stdmere 379
stofa 382
stl 379
str 379
storc 384
storm 384
stw 380
stwian 379
strand 380
stran 380
strc 380
strl 381
strem 380
strew 381
strewian 381
streccan 380
stren 380
strenlc 380
strcan 382
strdan 382
stund 383
stunian 383
stunt 383
stycce 383
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
styntan 383
styria 384
styrian 384
styrman 384
s 389
scan 388
san 387
serne 387
sufel 385
san 388
suu 385
sum 385
sumer 386
sumerlan 386
sund 386
sundor 386
sundrian 387
sunne 387
sunor 387
sunu 388
span 389
sr 389
sreede 28
sre 29, 389
ssl 326, 388
sw 397
swau 392
swamm 391
swn 390
swan 391
swpan 390
swt 390
swlan 396
swr 396
sws 396
swslc 396
swtan 390
swealwe 390
sweard 391
swearm 391
sweart 392
swebban 389
swefan 392
swefel 392
swefen 392
swefnian 393
sw 397
swan 397
sweel 393
sweer 393
swele 385
swehor 393
swelan 393
swelc 390
swelan 394
swellan 394
sweltan 390, 394
swenc 391
swenan 391
sweora 395
sweord 395
sweordberende 395
sweorfan 395
sweostor 395
swr 393
swerian 391
swic 396
swcan 397
swicn 393
swicol 396
sw 394
swan 395
swlc 394
swfan 397
swma 397
swimman 394
swn 397
swincan 394
swinan 394
swnhyrde 397
swipe 396
swt 398
swylt 398
syan 385
sl 389
syll 394
symbel 386
symerinwyrt 386
syn 386
syndrian 387
tacan 400
tcn 399
tcnian 399
tcor 399
the 399
talian 400
talu 401
tam 401
tn 399
tan 401
tare 402
taru 402
tt 400
tcnan 399
tl 398
tl 400
tl 406
tlan 406
tppa 402
tsan 400
ttan 400
te 408
tafor 402
565
566
te 403
teaor 398
tem 403
ter 399
terihler 399
teld 404
tela 404
tellan 400
temian 401
tendan 401
tenan 401
tea 403
teohh 403
ten 405, 407
tena 405
teors 405
teran 405
teter 405
tiber 406
td 407
tierwe 405
-ti 403
tan 403
tiht 406
til 407
tilian 407
till 407
tma 408
timber 404
timbran 404
tn 404
tin 407
tnan 405
tind 404
tinne 405
tr 408
tiran 402
titt 407
t 408
t 401
tles 401
toian 411
th 401
thldan 177
tl 408
tm 408
topp 412
tordwifel 413
torht 413
torn 413
tot 413
totrida 304
towhs 408
tredan 409
treddan 408
trea 409
trem 409
INDICES
trew 409410
trewan 410
trew 410
trewe 410
trewen 410
trewloa 250
treppan 409
tr 409
trod 410
tro 410
tr 411
trum 411
trw 411
trwian 411
t 415
tumbian 411
tn 413
tune 412
tune-rum 427
tunol 412
turf 413
tusc 412
tw 415
twen 415
twelf 413
twelfta 413
twelfwintre 413
twe 414
twene 414
twi 414
twin 414
twisla 414
twislian 414
twist 414
twiwa 414
tyel 411
tyht 411
tynder 412
der 436
f 436
ufan 432
ufera 432
ufeweard 432
hthlem 174
le 436
unc 224
und 434
under 434
undern 434
undernmete 434
underwrdel 473
unecoren 225
unelef 237
unilde 131
unhrlc 171
unholda 192
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
unld 244
unlne 238
unnan 435
unsl 327
unsle 327
up 435
uppe 435
r 437
rifeera 437
s 460
ser 435
t 437
tan 437
te 437
tor 437
tsiht 385
w 440
wc 440
wacian 442
wclc 440
wacol 442
wacor 442
wacu 442
wadan 438
wadu 438
w 441
w 440
waian 439
walu 444
wamb 445
wamm 445
wan 446
wana 447
wand 446
wandian 446
wan 446
wane 447
wanhl 445
wnian 440
wanian 446447
wpe 441
wapol 447
warenian 449
warian 449
waru 449450
wse 441
wt 441
wcan 440
wcnan 442
wd 438
wd 460
wdian 460
wan 441
wfan 440
w 460
wn 439
wl 443
wlcyre 442
wldrer 442
wlfeall 442
wltan 444
wpen 461
wpenles 461
wr 447, 450
wr 461
wrlc 447
wscan 450
wsp 438
wstmbre 44
wt 462
wta 462
wtan 462
wte 462
wter 451
wterelt 244
wterwrite 473
w 460
we 441
wedd 440
wealcan 444
wealcian 444
weald 443, 445
wealdan 443
weal 443
wealh 444
wealhhafoc 443
wealhhnutu 444
weallan 453
wealte 444
weard 448
weardian 448
weardmann 448
wear 448
weartrew 448
wearm 449
wearn 449
wearp 450
weart 450
weax 439
weaxan 439
webb 437
webbian 438
weccan 442
wec 439
wecan 438
wdan 469
wedd 438
weddian 438
weder 452
wederd 451
wederian 452
we 470
weer 459
567
568
wefan 451
we 452
wean 452
wefarende 452
weles 452
wenest 452
wel 454
weldd 453
weler 456
weli 453
wman 470
wemman 445
wn 461
wnan 461
wendan 446
wenian 447
wenn 447
weorc 456
weorcd 456
weorchs 456
weorcmann 456
weor 457458
weoran 457
weorian 458
weorlc 457
weorold 462
weorpan 457
wpan 470
wer 449, 463
wered 463
werewulf 463
werena 461
werian 449450
wri 470
wesan 458
wesend 463
wesle 459
westan 459
wste 470
westerne 459
wc 466
wcan 466
wic 452
wicu 462
wd 465
wde 465
wdfme 465
wdanol 126
wdscriol 344
widu 462
widuwe 462
wie 464
wier 464
wierbreca 55
wierweard 464
wiobn 464
wiella 453
INDICES
wf 464
wifel 451
w 465
wan 465
wbedd 466
wheard 465
wmann 465
wh 466
wiht 452453
wilddor 454
wilde 454
wlisc 444
will 444, 453
willa 453
willan 444
wilm 444
wilwan 445
wimpel 454
wn 467
wnbel 466
wnberi()e 466
wnbyrele 466
wind 454
windan 454
wndruncen 466
windwian 456
wine 455
winestra 455
wnft 467
wnhs 467
winnan 455
winter 455
wntrew 467
wr 467
wirdan 448
wiran 448
wir 448
wirman 449
wirrest 457
wirs 457
wirsa 457
ws 467468
wsa 468
wisc 463
wsdm 467
wse 468
wsian 468
wslc 467
wisnian 463
wist 459
wit 459
wita 464
wtan 468
wte 468
wtea 468
wteian 468
witer 464
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
witi 464
witles 463
witod 464
witt 464
wxlan 462
wltian 469
wlisp 469
wltan 469
wlite 469
wd 469
Wden 469
wh 447
wolcen 474
wm 469
wp 470
word 475
wordian 475
wordi 475
wordws 475
wor 476
ws 470
wracu 471
wr 471
wran(a) 471
wrc 471
wrc 472
wr 471472
wrne 470
wrstan 471
wrecan 471
wreccan 471
wran 473
wran 473
wriian 471
wrinan 472
wrist 472
writ 472
wrtan 473
wrt 473
wrtan 473
wulf 473
wull 474
wund 474
wundian 474
wundor 474
wundorson 474
wunian 475
wynn 475
wyrcan 457, 476
wyrd 475
wyran 476
wyrm 476
wyrmeard 476
wyrpel 450
wyrt 476
wyrtwalu 445
wscan 475
435
yfel 433
ymb 434
yppan 435
ysel 436
tan 437
Middle English
bre 44
bendel 35
blwe 48
brim 5657
budde 61
busch 64
busche 64
cake
cleat
cnak
cob
cwd
208
215
217
222
229
depthe 71
dinen 70
doder 78
drift 76
driten 76
droppe 77
ake 105
glenten 136
gloume 137
helpless 168
herne 170
hoors 153
houseleek 196
knagge 217
knarre 217
lske 243
love 249
male 257
mawen 257
mne 274
mt 274
muteren 278
569
570
INDICES
nre 285
nippen 180
padde 291
pocce 293
prange 293
rapen 184
rash 297
reken 301
rowe 189
rowne 189
ryppen 309
scthen 332
schfe 341
schrken 344
schrillen 344
shreame 344
shrimp 344
sloppe 352
slghe 352
snpe 358
snwen 356
snte 360
someren 386
sparre 363
sprenten 366
spten 368
sterten 372
stilte 374
stocken 383
stolpe 383
stripe 381
strut 382
strt 382
stubbe 382
sumertid 386
sweigh 389
swpen 390
tim 158
tip 405
tyke 407
wappen 447
wase 450
welde 445
whte 202
wippen 462
wrh 470
English
bang 35
bar 37
bloat 47
brake 54
note 290
oam 7
quack 227
cag 208
calf 209
clammer 215
dab 66
edge 108
eet 107
fud 116
gnarr 138
gnatter 138
hull 191
hump 193
leer
rot
309
saw 311
sleet 349
snub 359
spink 365
squack 348
stacker 370
swab 389
swoop 397
ted 398
tether 405
thaw 418
tod 411
236
mood 273
mother 278
mud 278
wack 442
whiting 202
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
Old Saxon
abal 2
band 2
abuh 2
adali 27
-dmian 73
um 87
af 1
afheldian 157
afsean 311
aftan 2
aftar 2
agana 3
aha 5
ahar 4
ahaspring 366
hldian 178
ahorn 5
ahsla 5
ahto 5
ak 11
akkar 12
akus 12
al 16
l 87
alah 14
alahwt 1213
alamahtg 12
alathioda 12
alawaldand 16
alawaldo 13, 443
ald 13
aldar 14
aldarlagu 14
althian 234
lsian 239
alu 16
alund 16
alung 16
ambaht 18
ambsan 65
an 17
anafang 92
anawni 461
and 18
ando 18
andsaco 315
andwurdi 475
andwurdian 475
angar 19
no 87
anst 21
answebbian 389
antkennian 210
antlang 236
anud 21
apo 21
appul 21
apuldra 21
aran-mba 31
arbelgid 34
arbth 22
arbthi 22
arm 24
armlk 24
arn 24
aro 25
ars 25
aru 25
arut 25
s 21
ask 26
ast 26
at 26
t 88
athrotan 426
athumzuht 411
avaro 2
awerdian 448
badu 32
bg 44
bak 33
bald 34
balu 34
baluwso 468
ban(n) 36
banei 35
bank 36
bannan 36
bano 36
bar 40
bra 38
barm 37
barn 37
baron 40
barug 37
bath 39
be 44
bed 32
beda 45
bdian 32
beginnan 132
beki 33
beldian 34
belgan 41
bn 32
bendi 35
beniwunda 35
beran 41
berg 42
571
572
bergan 42
berht 42
berhtlk 42
beri 40
berka 43
bero 43
brswn 33
bet 38
betaro 38
bthia 52
bew 44
ba 46
bibn 45
bdan 46
biddian 45
bidelban 70
bidbian 69
biddian 69
bidn 45
bidriogan 75
bidwellian 81
bifelhan 97
bigetan 133
bihldan 177
bihullean 191
bihwelbian 198
biklban 216
bilemid 234
bilban 247
bill 46
bilkan 252
bindan 41
binet 41
bini 46
biod 43
biodan 43
biril 42, 64
birka 42
bisenkian 318
btan 46
bitengi 401
bittar 45
biwellan 453
blad 46
bldara 46
blo 49
blk 47
blek 49
bl 4950
blkan 49
blind 48
blindi 48
blthi 49
bld 50
bldag 50
bljan 50
blmo 50
INDICES
blth 48
blth 48
bodal 64
bodo 61
bodom 61
bggebo 39, 130
bgian 39
bk 52
bka 51
bkan 39
bkia 51
bkstaf 51
bollo 62
bm 39
bna 40
bord 63
borda 63
born 64
bsom 52
bta 52
btian 52
Bvo 51
brdo 57
brakn 54
brand 54
branderda 54, 295
brd 53
brdian 53
brekan 55
bressemo 53
brestan 56
bringan 55
brinnan 56
brd 54
brthar 57
brd 59
brdigomo 59
brdloht 59
brugdun 55
bruggia 58
brkan 60
brunnia 58
brunno 58
brnrd 60
b 65
ban 5253
buggian 61
bla 65
bland 65
br 65
burdian 63
burg 63
bursta 64
dd 72
dag 66
dagwerk 66
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
dal 67
danna 68
dar 68
dl 67
dlian 67
derbi 71
dilli 70
diop 71
diupi 71
diuri 71
diuritha 71
diurlk 71
dan 73
dd 69
dg 69
dohtar 78
dokka 78
dol 81
dm 73
dpian 69
dor 79
dosan 80
dth 70
dragan 74
drn 76
drban 76
drinkan 75
driopan 76
driosan 76
drbi 77
drbian 77
drohtn 77
drm 75
dropo 77
drr 75
druhtfolk 77
dba 80
dumb 79
dung 79
dunian 79
dwalm 81
d 6
ed 82
edor 82
dstaf 10
ef 82, 204
efni 82
eft 2
gan 6
eggia 3
egisa 3
egitha 3
egithassa 4
ehuskalk 83
ei 11
k 7
ld 7
eld 14
elina 14
elira 15
ellean 15
elleban 8
ellifto 8
n 9
ndago 8
endi 18
endils 18
endion 18
nfald 8
engi 19
engitha 19
nhard 8
nig 8
nlpe 8
o 10
r 9, 11
erbi 22
erbiward 22
erian 23
erida 23
rist 9
erit 25
eriwit 10
erl 85
ertha 86
erthhs 85
es 203
scon 9
esil 25
etan 86
th 10
ethili 27
ettho 86
ttor 10
evurspiot 364
ewi 31
f 96
fadar 88
fagan 88
fagann 89
fhan 92
fahs 89
fal 91
-fald 90
faled 91
fallan 91
falu 91
fano 92
faran 93
fardwolon 81
farcan 108
farliosan 243
573
574
farlust 251
farm 93
farman 259
farskundian 345
farsturian 384
farthrot 427
fartar 437
farwarht 476
farwurht 476
fast 94
fasta 95
fastnn 95
fastunnia 95
fat 95
feara 102
fedarhamo 102
fgi 89
fh 89
fehtan 96
fehu 97
fehugiri 132
fkan 90
fkni 90
feld 97
fell 97
fellian 91
fmea 90
feni 92
ferah 100
ferian 93
fernun gre 100
ferr 99
fersna 101
festian 94
ff 98
faldra 98
lu 98
ndan 99
ngar 99
fond 103
oro 96
rihos 100
rina 100
rinwerc 100
rrian 99
rst 113
sk 103
skn 103
ttea 101
ur 121
war 96
aka 105
ehtan 106
sk 104
et 105
iohan 107
iotan 107
INDICES
d 107
kan 108
otn 109
ugi 108
uht 108
fdian 109
fgian 109
fohs 117
folda 117
folgon 117
folk 117
folo 118
fora 119
-ford 119
forht 120
forhtian 120
frian 110
formo 116
forth 121
ft 110
fr 112
fram 111
fremithi 111
fremmian 111
frsa 111
frthi 111
frithn 115
frithu 115
frithusam 317
friund 114
friuthil 114
frd 115
frho 112
frkni 116
frost 116
fra 112113
frum 116
fugal 116
fugalklovo 217
ful 118
fullian 118
fullon 118
furi 119
furia 120
furist 120
fs 119
fst 118
gabala 121
gaduling 122
galgo 124
galla 124
galm 125
galpn 125
gaman 125
gn 133
gang 125
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
gangan 125
gard 126, 129
gardo 127
garu 127
garwian 127
gast 127
gat 128
geba 130
geban 130
gebreuuan 56
geder 87
gegin 122
gehan 205
gl 122
geld 130
geldan 130
gelp 131
gelu 131
gent 282
gr 123
gern 132
gersta 132
gst 123
gt 123
g 206
giarmod 24
gibeddio 32
giberan 41
gibilla 130
giblthid 48
gibod 60
gibrennian 54
giburd 63
giburian 64
gidrg 74
giervan 22
gifagiritha 89
giflian 109
gifri 110
gifrgi 113
gigengi 126
gihnian 166
gihugd 190
gihungrian 193
gihwervian 198
gikunnon 224
gilk 248
gilbian 238
gimako 257
gimalan 257
gimarkn 262
gimd 254
gimni 255
gimerki 262
gimet 268
gnan 134
ginesan 284
ginist 284
ging 289
giotan 133
girdi 304
girnian 132
girni 310
gsal 135
giscaft 331
gisellian 316
gisd 325
gisidn 321
gisthi 325
gisiuni 323
giskerpian 335
gisund 386
git 208
gital 400
gitiunian 406
gitriuwid 410
giwaragean 448
giweldig 443
giwennian 447
giwerthon 458
giwirki 457
giwit 464
giwono 447
glas 135
glasa 135
glau 136
gldan 136
glmo 136
gltan 136
glian 137
-g 128
gd 138
god 145
godforoht 144
gd 138
godkund 223
gdlk 138
godowebbi 145
gold 145
goldwivil 451
gma 128
gmian 128
-gt 129
grdag 142
graf 139
gram 139
gras 140
gravan 139
gremi 140
grim 141
grma 143
grimman 141
griot 141
grpan 143
575
576
grs 143
grni 143
grt 141
grtian 144
grund 144
gdfano 146
guldn 146
gumo 146
gund 146
gthea 146
hf 158
haft 149
hagal 150
hagin 150
hago 150
hagustald 150
hhan 160
hako 154
hakth 154
halba 155
haldan 155
half 154
halla 156
haln 156
hals 156
hamar 158
hamustra 158
hand 159
handbano 159
handlon 159
handmagan 159
handwerk 159
hangon 160
hano 161
hanup 159
hr 172
hard 162
harm 163
harmo 163
harpa 163
hathu 165
haton 165
hatulo 164
havuk 148
he 172
hebantungal 169
hebbian 147, 149
hebig 148
hd 151
hdar 151
heftian 149
heil 151
hl 151
hlag 151
hlagn 151
helan 168
INDICES
hli 151
hlian 152
helihelm 168
helith 155
hellia 156
helliwti 156
helpa 168
helpan 168
helsian 157
helta 168
hm 152
hme 152
hr 153
herdian 162
herevart 162
heri 163
heriberga 42
herin 163
herth 170
heru 171
ht 153
htha 154
hthin 154
heti 165
htian 153
hildi 168
hindan 172
hindi 169
hindiro 173
hiopo 171
hirdi 169
hirot 171
hwa 173
hwiski 173
hlamn 174
hlanka 174
hleo 177
hleor 176
hlid 177
hlinn 177
hliotan 176
hlt 175
hld 178
hlust 178
hluttar 178
hnapp 179
hngian 138
hngan 180
hntan 180
hba 181
hbid 165
hbidband 35
hbidml 270
hd 165
hf 181
hof 190
hofstedi 190
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
hh 166
hh 166
hi 167
hol 191
hold 192
holm 191
holt 192
hn 182
honig 193
hnitha 166
hp 166
hord 196
hrhs 182
hrian 167
horn 195
horsk 195
hosa 195
hrao 185
hrni 183
hrnian 183
hrnkorni 225
hru 183
hreuwan 186
hrdra 187
hring 185
hringa 186
hriod 186
hrpo 187
hrisian 187
hriuwi 187
hr 188
hrpan 188
hrr 189
hrrian 189
hros 189
hruggi 189
hrtho 190
hd 196
huggean 191
huggian 190
hugi 190
huldi 192
hund 193
hundrod 193
hungar 194
hurth 194
hs 196
hva 196
hwal 197
hwan 198
hwr 198
hwarbn 198
hwarf 198
hwat 199
hw 199
hwelp 200
hwerban 200
hwessi 198
hwethar 199
hwti 197
hw 201
hwla 201
hwt 201
hwolvo 198
ic 83
ichilla 206
dal 203
idis 72
igil 203
h 203
in 84
n 83
inca 84
inna 84
innan 84
inwid 451
irminman 85
irri 86
irrian 86
s 204
is 86
sarn 204
sarnsmith 204
it 203
jr 206
ju 207
juguth 207
juk 207
jukkian 207
jung 207
jungling 207
kald 209
kalf 209
kamb 209
kanna 210
karm 210
karn 211
kembian 209
kmo 214
knan 214
kind 212
kiol 213
kiosan 213
kip 214
kitiln 214
kl 215
klni 215
klibon 216
klif 216
knecht 217
knevil 217
577
578
knio 218
k 219
kp 211
kpian 211
kpstedi 211
korn 225
kornhs 225
koston 226
kraft 220
krano 220
kian 224
kuman 227
kumbal 223
kuning 224
kuningdm 224
kuningrki 224
kunni 224
kus 225
kussian 225
kust 226
kth 224
lagustrm 231
lahan 232
lahs 232
lakan 234
lki 244
lknn 244
lam 234
lamb 234
land 235
landsidu 235
landskuld 235
lang 235
langn 236
lappo 236
lri 236
lastar 232
lat 237
ltan 244
lathian 237
lba 232
ldian 232
lf 243
legar 240
leggian 231
lhan 232
lmo 233
lra 233
lrian 233
lesan 241
lstian 233
lth 233
lettian 237
lvian 232
lwerka 234
libbian 245
INDICES
lf 247
ls 247
liggian 240
lhan 247
lhtlk 240
lk 247
lkhamo 247
likkn 246
lkon 248
ln 248
lindia 240
lnn 247
liodan 242
liof 241
liok 241
liogan 242
liohtian 243
liomo 242
list 246
lth 249
lthan 248
lthi 241
liud 242
lobon 249
lf 237
lof 249
lgnian 238
lohs 250
lk 239
lokk 250
lkon 249
ln 239
ls 239
lsian 251
lswaurd 239
lotho 252
lubbi 249
luft 249
lugina 250
lungannia 251
lungar 251
lust 251
lustian 251
lustsam 251
luttil 248
luva 249
mag 252
mg 269
magath 253
magu 253
mahal 263
mahalian 263
mho 269
maht 254
mahtig 254
mki 269
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
makn 257
maldar 257
maldia 258
mln 270
malsk 258
malt 258
man 260
manag 259
managfald 259
mangn 259
mankunni 260
mannisc 260
mno 270
mann 259
manslahta 348
mansterbo 375
mnuth 270
marg 264
mri 270
mrian 270
mritha 270
marka 262
maska 262
masur 263
mat 263
matho 264
m 257
mda 272
mdom 256
megin 253
melm 267
melo 267
mn 255
mnth 255
mnful 255
mngiwito 464
mnhwt 199
meni 260
mnian 255
menigi 259
merca 262
mer 262
meria 261
meridior 71
meriswn 261
mro 257
merrian 262
mersc 261
msa 256
mst 256
metilsi 263
metod 268
m 83
mid 268
middi 264
middia 264
middil 264
middilgard 264
midgarni 127
mik 83
mikil 265
mikilan 265
mikil 265
mildi 266
milidou 266
miluk 267
mn 83, 273
mindil 268
minnian 268
mirki 268
misdd 272
mislk 272
mist 271
mthan 273
md 273
mdag 273
mdar 273
mder 274
mdsebo 273
mr 274
mordwerk 277
morgan 276
morha 276
mornian 277
morth 277
mt 274
mthi 274
mtian 274
muggia 275
mund 275
ms 278
mth 276
naba 279
nabugr 279
ndla 287
ndra 286
nagal 279
nh 286
naht 279
nahthraban 182
nako 280
namo 280
naru 281
ntha 287
nthian 281
neba 283
nebal 283
nebo 283
nec 283
neglian 279
nemnian 280
nn 283
nerian 281
579
580
neriand 281
netti 281
ni 283
nigun 285
nigundo 285
niman 284
nth 289
nithana 287
nithar 289
nitharn 289
nithiri 289
niusian 284
niuwi 284
niwian 284
nd 282
ndian 283
ndthurft 282
noh 289
nu 289
nutti 290
bian 290
d 28
dag 28
dan 28
ar 21
arlk 21
ofar-drepan 75
ofskerran 339
ga 29
gan 28
ohso 433
k 29
opan 435
opanon 435
ra 30
ord 436
ordrenkian 74
stana 30
strni 30
thi 30
thil 290
ovana 432
ovar 433
pl 292
panna 291
pant 291
pda 291
penning 291
pinn 291
plegan 292
qun 230
queddian 226
quelan 227
quellan 227
INDICES
quellian 227
quena 228
querna 228
quethan 229
quidi 227
quik 230
quirnstn 228
rd 304
rdan 303
rdgebo 303
raka 296
rand 297
rasta 298
rath 298
rein 298
regan 300
reganwurm 300
regera 183
rho 295
reht 301
reka 301
rekkian 296
rennian 297
respian 294
rethia 298
ribbi 300
rihti 301
rihtian 301
rki 305
rkidm 305
rinda 302
rink 302
rinnan 302
riomo 303
rpi 306
rsan 306
rth 306
rbon 298
rd 299
rda 306
rf 298
roggo 308
rok 308
rk 299
rkian 307
rost 309
rm 309
rmian 309
rna 310
rwi 309
sad 310
sd 327
sahs 312
Sahso 312
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
saka 315
sakan 314
sakk 315
salba 315
salbn 315
sla 327
salt 316
saltfat 316
sama 317
samad 317
saman 317
samanunga 317
samnn 317
smo 328
smquik 328
sand 318
sang 318
saro 319
scal 332
scathn 336
scmo 341
scni 336
scrkon 344
sculthtio 153
sebo 311
segal 322
seggian 311
sehan 323
sehs 322
sehsto 322
sl 313
seldlk 323
self 323
seli 315
selitha 315
selmo 324
sm 313
sendian 318
so 314
sola 314
sr 313
srian 313
sethal 326
settian 319
sibbia 320
sibbio 321
sibondo 321
sibun 321
s 325, 330
sn 325
sidu 321
sigi 322
silubrin 329
siluvar 328
simla 324
smo 330
sn 330
sinc 325
sincan 325
sind 458
sinder 324
sinewa 329
singan 324
siok 326
sittian 325
siu 329
siun 322
siuwian 329
skaft 331
skla 339
skalk 332
skama 333
skap 334
skp 340
skapo 334
skra 340
skard 335
skarp 335
skatho 336
skatt 336
skawn 337
skdan 331
skf 331
skenkian 334
skeppian 334
skerian 335
skth 332
skilling 338
sknan 341
skio 341
skiotan 339
skip 340
skr 341
skva 341
skf 336
skh 342
skokka 346
skolo 345
skn 337
skotn 347
skrban 344
skrdan 344
skuddian 345
skuld 345
skundian 345
skr 347
slahan 348
slak 349
slp 350
slpan 350
sleckian 349
slegi 348
slegibrwa 57
slu 349
581
582
slido 350
sliht 350
sltan 351
slthi 351
slpian 349
slund 352
smal 353
smwort 354
smeltan 353
smero 353
smith 354
snegil 357
snell 357
sno 355
sneppa 358
snan 358
sniumi 357
s 397
sgian 320
skian 360
smi 360
sorga 388
sorgn 388
sth 318319
soth 388
sthlk 319
sthword 319
sou 320
spado 361
sph 364
splk 364
spanan 361
sparn 362
sparro 363
spartaln 366
spka 361
spkaldra 361
spekk 365
spel 363
spelta 97
sper 364
spildian 364
spinnila 364
spott 368
sprekan 366
spurihelti 157
spurihunt 367
staal 373
staf 368
stamn 371
stamp 371
stamurn 371
stn 377
standan 371
stanga 371
stank 371
stark 372
INDICES
stath 372
stedi 369
stfdohtor 376
stader 376
stfmder 376
stfsun 376
stehli 369
stekan 373
stekko 374
stelan 374
stemmian 371
stemna 373
stn 369
sterban 375
sterro 375
stgan 378
stiki 378
stil 378
stilli 374
stillian 374
std 379
stokk 383
stl 379
storm 384
sttan 373
strla 381
strang 380
strd 381
strdian 382
str 381
strm 380
strota 427
strotn 382
stukki 383
stunda 383
s 389
srni 387
suga 385
sgan 388
suht 385
sl 389
sulik 390
sum 385
sumar 386
sumarlang 386
sumbal 386
sundar 386
sundargift 130
sundia 386
sunno 387
sunu 388
suoti 398
srgi 389
sthon 387
sval 385
swala 390
swan 391
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
swr 396
swart 392
sws 396
sweban 392
swellan 394
sweltan 394
swn 390
swerd 395
swerian 391
swslk 396
swestar 395
swt 390
sweval 392
swibogo 61
swigli 385
swkan 397
swn 397
swnhirdi 397
swth 394
swti 398
tal 400
tala 401
taln 400
tam 401
tand 401
tanga 401
tanstuthili 382
te 408
tegotho 403
tehan 404
tkan 399
tellian 400
tn 399
thagian 415
than 415
thanana 416
thank 416
thankn 416
thr 416
tharbn 416
tharbon 417
tharf 417
tharod 416
that 310, 417
thistil 419
thegan 418
thekkian 415
thenkian 416
thennian 416
theo 419
therbi 421
thhan 421
thikki 419
thili 420
thimm 420
thn 423
thing 420
thinghs 420
thingn 421
thiod 423
thiodan 422
thiodkuning 422
thiof 422
thionn 418
thionost 419
thiorna 419
thiubda 422
thiudisc 422
thiwi 419
thh 418
tholian 428
thorn 430
thorp 430
thrd 427
thrsian 425
thrwerk 425
thra 425
thrida 427
thrimman 425
thringan 426
thrst 427
throsla 425
thu 428
thmo 431
thunar 429
thunkian 429
thunni 429
thurft 429
thurh 421
thurst 430
thurstian 430
thwahan 431
thwerh 432
thwingan 431
td 407
-tig 403
timbar 404
timbro 404
timbrn 404
tinnong 429
tiohan 405
tiono 405
tr 408
t 408
tm 408
tmian 408
torht 413
torn 413
trada 409
tregan 409
trego 409
treulogo 250
treuwa 410
583
584
trio 409
triuwi 410
trstian 409
trn 411
tn 413
tunga 412
tungal 412
tw 415
tw 415
tweho 414
twelif 413
twne 415
twian 414
twio 414
twist 414
tw 415
ubil 433
der 436
hta 435
umbi 434
und 434
undar 434
undbtian 33
undorn 434
ungimak 257
unhiuri 171
unhiurlk 171
unholdo 192
unnan 435
unrm 305
unti 434
unwglk 465
p 435
uppa 435
ur 436
urspannane 362
s 460
t 437
ta 437
tan 437
utbislotenun 350
thia 435
uvil 433
wd 460
wdian 460
wg 460
waga 439
wga 460
waganlsa 233
wagian 439
wahs 439
wahsan 439
wahta 440
wakon 442
wald 445
INDICES
waldd 443
waldan 443
wam 445
wamls 445
wan 446
wn 461
wand 446
wang 446
wanga 447
wnian 461
wankon 447
wanon 446
wpan 461
war 447
wr 461
wara 450
waragtro 448
ward 448
warda 448
wardn 448
warg 448
warm 449
warmian 449
waron 449
warp 450
warta 450
watar 451
watho 451
w 440441
webbi 437
wedar 452
weddi 438
wg 440
weg 452
wegan 452
weggi 439
weggian 438
wehsal 462
wehsln 462
weia 441
wk 440
wekkian 442
wela 454
wendian 446
wnon 440
wepsia 438
wer 463
werd 456
weran 457
werian 449
werk 456
wermda 449
werpan 457
werr 449
werth 457458
wesan 458
westan 459
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
westrni 459
wt 441
wethar 459
wethil 451
w 460
wd 465
widerlga 244
wdo 465
widohoppa 462
widowa 462
wf 464
wigg 452
wgman 465
wgsaka 465
wh 466
whdag 466
whian 465
whitha 466
wika 462
wildi 454
wilgia 453
will 453
willio 453
wimpal 454
wn 467
wnberi 466
wind 454
windan 454
winding 455
windska 347
wngardo 467
wini 455
winilioth 243
winistar 455
winnan 455
wintar 455
wirs 457
wirsa 457
wirsista 457
ws 467
wsa 468
wsdm 467
wsian 468
wslk 467
wsn 468
wiss 463
wist 459
wit 459
withar 464
wti 468
wliti 469
Wden 469
wdian 469
wolkan 474
wp 470
wpian 470
wrag 470
word 475
wordws 475
workian 476
wsti 470
wrka 472
wrekan 471
wrnio 470
wrth 471
wrthian 471
wrisilk 472
wrtan 473
wrgian 473
wulf 473
wund 474
wunda 474
wundar 474
wunnia 475
wunn 475
wurd 475
wurgil 456
wurm 476
wurt 476
wurth 476
are 25
armbg 23
arnen 31
asche 26
asse 5
backen 33
badestove 39
balch 33
balke 34
bre 44
bast 38
bate 38
585
586
beduven 80
behf 181
behven 181
beitel 33
belle 41
bende 35
bendel 35
bendsel 35
br 44
betame 406
bte 33
bever 40
bl 46
billen 41
binge 41
blanc 47
blasen 49
blecken 47
bleie 50
blken 47
blenden 47
blinken 47
blden 50
bloot 48
bltrisene 50
blouwen 48
btel 40
bch 39, 51
bde 52, 65
boden 61
bogel 61
boken 39
bken 52
bole 62
bolte 62
bor 62
bordinc 63
borels 64
borgen 63
brgen 63
borke 37
borst 59
bse 40
bve 51
braden 57
bragen 53
brak 53
brake 54
brank 54
brde 53
brek 55
brink 56
brk 55, 57
brsch 54
brouwen 56
brsche 56
brsen 60
INDICES
bucht 61
buck 61
bucken 61
bk 64
bulge 62
bunge 62
bunken 62
busch 64
cove 222
d 416
dack 415
dagen 66
dam 67
damp 68
dapper 68
dare 417
darm 417
das 415
dch 6667, 423
delf 70
delle 67
dpede 71
derschen 426
desele 419
dtwech 422
dver 286
dichte 421
dieden 422
dinkman 420
dsel 421
df 69
doget 78
dolk 78
dolle 428
donern 429
dorre 430
dorsch 430
dosen 81
douwen 418
dracht 74
draf 73
drammen 424
dranc 424
dreck 425
drengen 424
dreskele 426
drift 76
drve 76
drmel 427
drpen 75
drt 425
dr 427
drunk 77
drunken 77
drusen 77
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
ducht 428
dden 422
dm 431
dumben 412
dmelink 431
dust 79
dwal 81
dwerch 81
eckeren 12
edelinc 27
egelen 4
genen 6
eggen 3
eggestn 3
eilant 4
einge 7
eisch 6
ken 7
keren 7
ele 83
ellenboge 14
elve 13
mere 7
engelsch 19
enkel 8, 20
entvrmeden 111
erdfal 85
erdfast 85
erve 22
erwete 25
esch 26
se 6
espe 26
etten 27
ever 82
falke 91
farn 94
fle 103
lt 97
nne 103
as 104
t 107
ten 106
fder 109
fster 110
gaddere 121
gaden 122
galle 124
gange 125
gapen 126
garn 127
garnwinde 127
garst 127
gedrach 73
gedrang 424
geisel 123
gel 131
gelike 248
gelit 246
gellen 131
gelt 124
gelte 145
gelve 131
genanne 280
gerade 298
gre 123
gesniumen 358
gest 206
getrst 409
gve 133
gevel 130
gewelde 443
giften 130
gilde 131
glar 135
glren 136
glat 135
glede 136
glisen 136
gld 137
glpen 137
gnagen 137
gniden 138
gk 128
goltsmit 146
gor 146
gs 126
graft 139
grn 141
grnen 143
gristel 144
grde 143
grpen 141
gruntlos 144
gruntvast 144
grt 144
haf 147
hagedorn 149
hl 172
halm 156
halsbn 156
ham 158
ham(m)e 158
hamel 157
hank 161
hantel 159
harsch 164
hase 164
haselnote 164
haspe 164
587
588
havene 147
hechte 149
hegenen 150
hehfte 181
heidendom 153
heist 151
helfte 155
helm 168
henne 161
herde 162
herewde 162
herschilt 162
herte 170
herwech 162
hsch 153
hilde 168
hinderen 173
hinken 169
hk 154
homele 192
hre 182
hren 182
horninc 195
horst 195
hste 202
hover 190
hvetls 148
hden 196
hken 196
hulk 191
hulse 191
hup 194
huppen 194
hslk 196
ne 6
inster 84
skolt 204
jene 205
k 211
kane 210
kar 212
karsch 211
kl 208
kele 212
kelp 212
kenninge 210
kp 208
kerle 210
kerne 213
ketel 211
keuwen 213
kl 214
kimme 212
kimmel 212
INDICES
kinnebn 212
kip 214
kippen 214
kiven 214
klampe 215
klave 214
klver 215
klei 215
klimmen 215
klt 217
knacken 217
knagge 217
knap 217
knapp 217
knf 218
knpen 218
knoke 218
knotte 219
knuppe 218
koder 222
kl 219
kol 223
kolk 223
kolsen 209
kolve 223
kne 219
kop 224
kpman 211
kpschip 211
kot 226
krabbeln 220
krammen 220
kranek 221
krangh 220
krank 220
krap 221
kratsen 222
krepen 221
krimpen 221
kringel 221
krink 221
krch 220
kroden 222
krome 222
krop 222
kroppel 222
krouwel 222
krbbe 222
klde 223
kle 226
kren 226
lak 234
lantkp 235
lasch 237
l 243
lch 244
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
ledder 174
leder 241
ledich 246
lgede 244
lemede 234
lengde 236
lenge 236
lenken 175
lsche 243
lste 233
lever 245
leverwort 245
lk 247
lm 248
lindeworm 241
line 248
lint 240
liste 248
lt 177
lo 238
ld 238
lge 238
lp 175, 239
ls 235
lot 178
loten 178
luchten 249
lken 252
ls 252
madre 252
mage 253
mager 253
ml 270
male 257
mall 258
man 260
manls 260
mare 262
mark 262
marschalk 261
mast 263
mechte 253
mede 265
medewurt 265
ml 254
melde 266
melk 267
melken 267
melten 258
mn 255
mersch 261
mesche 256
mse 255
mve 256
middelen 265
mgen 272
mre 268
mischen 272
misse 272
missen 272
mist 271
mte 273
mien 274
mne 274
morden 277
more 277
morgengave 276
mos 277
motte 278
mde 276
ml 278
mullen 275
murren 277
nacke 179
naket 280
nmge 286
narwe 281
nat 281
navel 279
nebbe 279
necker 287
neden 180
neien 286
nemede 280
nre 285
nes 281
nsen 180
nest 287
nte 180
neten 179
nten 280
nettele 281
netten 282
nichte 283
ndbende 282
ndech 282
noetschyn 282
nmen 289
norden 289
not 181
nouwe 179
nuck 181
nutsam 290
ke 29
ken 29
orte 88
se 21
sele 436
sen 30
st 26
589
590
otter 436
oven 433
ver 290
overen 432
ovese 433
padde 291
pat 291
ppe 292
pipen 292
plagge 292
plet 292
plicht 292
plg 292
plugge 292
pl 292
pors 293
pot 293
prange 293
prn 293
punge 293
putte 294
quaken 227
qut 229
quere 229
querke 228
querken 228
quse 227
quest 227
quicken 230
quist 229
quisten 229
r 294
raem 184
rafter 294
raken 297
ram 184
rame 297
ramese 184
ramp 184
rank 297
rapp 184
rren 296
rs 304
rasch 297, 471
rsen 304
rat 185, 294
rte 187
rave 183
rwe 307
rbok 295
recke 297
rde 295
re 304
INDICES
regenboge 300
reiger 183
reiken 295
reken 301
rn 296
rp 296
rpen 296
reppen 184
rten 303
rtin 299
richt 301
rige 295
rigen 305
ringe 302
rs 188
risten 187, 304
rten 306
rve 305
rocken 308
rode 307
roden 309
rder 307
rf 188
rogen 189
rk 188
rke 307
roke 308
roken 299
rm 303
rpen 299
roppen 309
rr 299
rten 299
rove 189
rve 306
rwe 307
rch 309
rucken 308
rusch 309
rse 310
sadel 311
sadelboge 311
sage 311
sagen 311
sap 319
st 327
schade 331
schal(l) 333
schalc 333
schale 333
schamels 333
schamen 333
schande 334
schar 335
schare 335, 339
scharf 334
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
scharn 335
scharren 336
schart 335
schle 338
schelen 338
schelle 332
schellen 332
schellvisch 332
schemede 333
schmeren 340
schene 340
scher 335
schiften 340
schilt 337
schipman 340
schippen 341
schipvart 340
scht 342
schiten 342
schode 336
schten 337
schien 342
scholen 348
scholpe 345
schpe 342
schore 346
schorf 346
schorte 346
scht 337
schote 337
schte 347
schve 342
schr 344
schramme 344
schrken 344
schricken 344
schrimpen 344
schrobben 345
schrt 344
schl 339, 347
schulden 345
schulder 345
schulle 345
schm 345
schuren 346
schutte 347
schtte 347
schuven 339, 347
schwe 347
seden 326
sge 312
segede 322
segelen 322
skedm 326
sel 323
selden 323
sele 328
slen 312
sman 314
sengen 318
spe 313
sete 326
setel 326
seve 328
svisch 314
sibbe 320
sik 323
sk 330
st 329
skn 337
skeren 338
slach 348
slage 348
slagge 348
slank 349
sl 348
sldorn 348
slengen 349
slt 349
slete 351
sl 351
slden 351
slk 351
sliken 351
slim 351
slm 351
slingen 350
slinken 350
slpen 351
slipper 351
sloke 352
slmen 352
slot 352
sl 352
slken 352
slump 352
slpen 350
smacken 353
smak 353
smalt 353
smede 355
smeden 355
smeren 354
smde 355
smiten 355
smitten 354
smuck 355
snabbe 355
snake 356
snar 356
snare 356
snateren 357
sneppel 358
snse 356
591
592
snwt 355
snigge 357
snde 357
snoderen 359
snk 358
snoppe 359
snr 359
snore 359
snotte 359
snouw 357
snucken 359
snf 360
snt 360
snuten 360
sd 320
smen 320
sren 320
sol 385
solt 316
solten 316
sm 320
somerdach 386
someren 386
somertt 386
sonderen 387
sne 360
soppe 388
sr 320
st 360
spde 364
spalden 361
spn 364
spange 361
spanne 362
spannen 362
sparke 362
specht 365
speen 363
spellen 363
spennen 362
spi 365
sple 365
spinnen 364
spr 365
spit 365
splinte 365
splten 365
sple 366
spor 367
spore 368
spotten 368
sprden 366
sprengen 366
sprote 367
sprunk 367
stach 369
stade 369, 373
INDICES
stadigen 368
stak 370
stake 370
staken 370
stal 370, 374
stl 369
stam 371
stampen 371
stapel 372
star 372
starblint 372
starren 372
staven 368
stech 377
steden 373
stedevast 368
stedich 368
stege 377
stger 369
stegerp 377
steken 374
stlen 369
stellinge 374
stelte 374
stnen 370
stnhs 369
str 377
sterne 375
stert 376
stevene 368
stevenen 373
stde 375
stf 378
stl 378
stinken 375
stren 379
stiure 377
stvel 378
stolpe 383
stonen 383
stp 373
stor 384
stork 384
stormen 384
stt 373
stove 382
stwen 379
strak 380
stram 380
strand 380
strank 380
stricken 380
striden 382
strden 382
striken 382
strpe 382
strump 382
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
strunk 382
stubbe 382
stke 384
str 385
stren 377
strmann 376
stt 385
stve 384
stven 376, 384
suke 326
sul 394
sulte 385
sunt 386
spen 389
sr 389
swele 329
swabben 389
swad 392
swger 396
swam 391
swank 391
swarde 391
swarm 391
sweimen 389
swelgen 394
swengen 391
swepe 396
swten 390
swm 397
swingen 394
swmmen 394
t 401
tacken 400
tagel 398
tagge 398
talmen 400
tange 401
tappe 402
tappen 402
tasche 402
t 399
teche 403
tge 406
teke 407
tkenen 399
telge 404
telt 404
tengen 401
teppen 402
tere 405
tergen 402
ters 405
tertlik 402
tsen 400
ticht 406
tden 407
ten 72
tke 407
til 407
tin 407
tind 404
tinne 405
tip 405
titte 407
t 403
togel 411
togen 411
tm 403
tmen 403
tnen 28
tote 413
touwen 403
tover 402
trame 409
trappen 409
tredden 408
treden 409
troch 410
trst 409
trstls 409
tuder 405
tdern 405
tunder 412
turf 412
tte 413
twelefwintre 413
twernen 414
twch 414
twfel 414
twil 414
ule 436
unden 434
uppen 435
r 437
varre 94
vasel 94
vedemen 95
veet 90
vhs 97
vere 93
verten 101
vinster 420
vist 101
vlak 105
vlge 106
vlegen 106
vleke 106
vln 104
vlicke 107
vlins 107
vlintstn 107
593
594
vlo 105
vloch 108
vlocke 108
vlote 109
vlundere 108
vted 110
vohe 117
volden 91
volkwch 118
vorderven 71
vore 120
vorget 133
vorgetel 133
vorsch 116
vort 101
vtspor 110
vrak 111
vredels 115
vr 114
vridel 114
vrisch 115
vl 121
vunke 119
vunt 118
wacker 442
wade 438
waden 438
wagen 440
wake 442
wale 444
walnut 444
walvisch 197
wamme 445
wpenls 461
wardehs 448
ware 449
wre 461
warnen 449
wartman 448
wase 450, 470
wat 438
wedden 438
wede 464
wedebn 464
wederdage 451
wger 460
weiden 441
INDICES
wl 199
welk 453
welle 453
wellen 444
welsch 444
wene 447
wnic 440
werkdag 456
werken 457
werkman 456
werwulf 463
wese 441
wesele 459
west 459
wetten 199
weven 451
wdde 465
wde 468
wie 468
wgelse 465
wk 466
wlen 201
winde 455
wnfat 467
wnhs 467
winne 455
wippen 462
wre 467
wtink 202
witls 463
wittich 464
woker 469
wolte 444
worpel 450
ws 470
wrange 471
wrank 471
wrechten 471
wrde 471
wrdel 473
wrimpen 472
wringen 472
wrist 472
wroge 473
wulle 474
wunsch 475
wnschen 475
Low German
banes 35
bank 36
brsch 59
budde 61
dalgen 67
diopitha 71
dle 73
dott 80
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
drangsal 424
drnen 77
eorid 83
ag 104
fstarmuoder 110
gemikilon 265
glm 137
gnarren 138
gnatte 138
gnetern 138
grand 140
grann 140
halsmeni 156
hummer 192
humpe 193
irhen 166
sjack 206
kat 211
klateren 215
klimp 216
klinker 216
klunder 217
knacke 217
leen 174
lne 178
ltt 251
min 271
mt 273
mlen
nippen
nckel
nucken
278
180
181
181
pse 294
schake 339
schakel 332
schanke 334
scheften 331
schrkel 343
schulpen 348
schunk 346
slagn 348
slidderen 350
snuppen 359
stri 379
stackern 370
stern 375
stevenen 371
swarven 391
swgen 397
targe 402
tasen 402
tikken 407
r
437
wle 444
want 447
wappen 447
wrte 473
Middle Dutch
amme 17
amper 17
ankel 20
ast 26
atel 27
baert 36
bequame 229
bte 45
betemen 404
blaken 47
blanden 47
boge 61
bolster 62
bryen 57
bul 62
bullen 62
bsen 65
canefbeen 209
cavele 208
clingen 216
cloot 215
cnateren 217
cnosen 219
coon 211
crat 221
cronen 221
dabben 66
daes 69
deger 72
demster 420
dorren 417
dra 424
drten 76
drom 427
595
596
INDICES
droten 425
dutsch 422
duun 80
dwale 81
dwellen 81
dwnen 81
hode 196
hoesten 202
hogede 166
honichsoet 193
hune 196
husen 197
ebbe 1
ederkauwen 203
elle 15
els 15
eng 19
enn 18
erdbere 85
erdnote 85
esch 26
evel 433
ingroene 143
innewert 84
fniesen 109
gamel 125
gate 128
gedenke 416
gediede 423
gelande 235
gelten 124
gemeinen 255
genge 125
geswelle 394
gevedere 102
gherde 132
giel 134
gift 130
giselen 135
goudbant 145
grapen 142
grasgroene 140
grau 142
grepe 139
grisen 143
groom 143
gurdel 147
hael 156
haessene 160
haghetisse 150
hasel 164
hees 153
hegge 150
hemmen 158
henxt 160
herman 162
hersene 170
het 172
hde 167
hiel 160
hille 192
jaertal
206
kalu 209
kerven 213
klak 215
kleem 214
lade 175
lec 240
lippe 241
lisp 469
littel 248
margen 276
melken 266
mre 255
moude 275
namelke 280
nesch 179
nocke 181
nodigen 282
nose 281
noten 282
oncont 224
ongethes 402
onghehiere 171
ontset 328
openbaer 44
poke 293
queke 230
rdloos 303
rehtlk 300
remmen 184
rieken 303
rive 187
riven 187
roge 189
rooc 185
rot 309
ruc 308
ruten 310
ruum 309
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
salu 316
schemen 340
schoppen 346
schorten 346
schotsch 347
schrapen 344
schraven 342
schrepen 344
schrift 344
schrinken 344
schte 348
scop 346
seltsiene 323
set 325
sien 330
silversmit 329
sindegrn 324
spen 330
slabben 348
sleep 349
slooye 352
smerten 353
snare 356
sneeuwen 356
snellen 356
soop 320
spaer 362
spengen 361
sperren 363
sporen 367
spot 368
spriet 364
stiepkind 376
strene 381
stroopen 381
stugge 383
stupen 384
suken 388
sweer 393
sweger 393
talch 400
teet 400
tesuwe 404
tort 413
turven 413
twalefde 413
unmildi 266
vademen 95
vee 89
vergoeden 138
vergouden 146
vermenen 255
verwe 93
vetel 95
veteren 102
vinke 103
vitten 102
viveltere 98
vlacken 105
vlecken 106
vloeden 107
vloer 108
vlot 109
voetsel 109
vrec 113
vrien 114
vriesen 113
vroede 115
wac 442
wackeren 442
waien 460
walc 444
walken 444
wanden 446
wederlijc 452
weiven 440
welle 444
werchuus 456
werp 457
wesent 463
wey 197
wicht 453
wicken 200
wide 464
woet 469
wolde 445
Dutch
baden 39
bonk 62
dodder 78
dooi 418
dori 79
dromen 75
festi 95
gijl 134
glimmen 136
glop 137
597
598
haaf 172
hoep 182
holster 191
knar 217
kossem 225
kuis 225
laan 236
maal 270
machteloos 254
mistel 271
modder 278
moet 274
mot 278
muik 278
prangen 293
rafel 294
rijm 187
schalm 333
schooien 340
slegge 348
INDICES
slodderen 352
slooien 352
smelt 353
smieken 354
snappen 356
snoepen 358
spalk 363
spuiten 368
steg 377
stelpen 370
stoom 376
todde 411
top 412
toppen 412
tornen 413
tortwevel 413
vacht 89
voos 96
waas 462
wapperen 437
zeeland 314
hta 20
ahto 5
ahtodo 5
al 16
l 87
alamahtg 12
Alaman 12
alawri 13, 16
alb 13
alles 15
alt 13
altar 14
alttuom 13
alunt 16
ambaht 18
ameiza 256
amma 17
amsla 17
an 435
ana 17, 20
anagengi 126
anairswrn 396
anakund 224
anaseigi 312
anatrift 76
anawni 461
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
ander 21
angar 19
Angil 19
ango 19
angul 19
angust 19
anka 20
ankala 20
anko 20
ano 20
ansi 21
anst 21
ant 18
antfang 92
antfengi 92
anthluogi 178
antli 469
anto 18
antwirten 456
antwurten 475
antwurti 475
nu 87
anut 21
anutrehho 301
apful 21
araweiz 10
arawiz 25
arbeit 22
arbeitn 22
arbeitsam 317
arg 23
arg 23
arm 24
armboug 23
armn 24
armherz 24
armherz 24
armherzida 24
armilh 24
arn 24, 31
arnn 31
aro 25
ars 25
art 23
aruz 25
asc 26
asca 26
asni 26
aspa 26
ast 26
tar 87
atto 27
tum 87
auhhan 29
avalnti 2
avur 2
az 26
z 88
azklban 216
bachn 33
backan 33
bad 39
badahs 39
badastuba 39
badn 39
ben 44
bg 44
bgan 44
bgn 44
bah 33
bahho 33
bal 34
balco 34
bald 34
bald 34
balg 33
balo 34
ban 36
banc 36
bannan 36
bannn 36
bant 35
bar 38, 40
bra 38
barm 37
barn 37
bars 38
bart 36
barta 37
barug 37
bast 38
batu 32
baz 38
bde 52
bein 32
beinreft 304
biro 38
bisto 38
beiten 32
beiza 33
beizen 33
belgan 41
belihha 34
bentil 35
br 33
beraht 42
beraht 42
beran 41
berg 42
bergan 42
beri 40
bero 43
berren 37
599
600
beta 45
betti 32
bettight 126
b 44
ba 46
bibar 40
bibn 45
biblhhan 49
bidebben 415
bidriozan 426
biet 43
bigatn 122
bigan 133
biginnan 132
bigoumida 128
bihagon 150
bhal 46
bihamaln 158
bihniutit 180
bikranken 220
bil 45
bilban 247
bilhhan 252
bini 46
bintan 41
binuz 41
bo 45
biogan 43
bn 45
bior 44
biotan 43
biqumi 229
birca 42
bireiten 295
biril 42, 64
birin 43
birkn 42
biruohhen 307
biscrtan 344
bisengen 318
biskzan 342
bisliozan 350
bisltan 351
bismhn 354
bismzan 355
biswellen 390
biswihhil 396
btan 46
bitelpan 70
bitil 45
bittar 45
bitten 45
biwarn 450
biwelben 198
biwellan 453
biwemmen 445
INDICES
biwifen 467
bzan 46
biziht 406
bizog 411
blen 49
blaha 47
blanc 47
blantan 47
blo 49
blas 48
blsan 49
blst 49
blat 46
bltara 46
blecken 47
bleh 49
bleih 47
bleihha 47
bleihhen 47
blenten 47
bldn 49
bldi 49
blint 48
blint 48
blo 50
bliuwan 48
blden 48
bldi 48
bld 48
bluoen 50
bluomo 50
bluomn 50
bluostar 50
bluot 50
bluotag 50
bluotagn 50
bluotenti 50
bluozan 51
bluozhz 50
boc 61
bodam 61
bogo 61
bolla 62
boln 62
bolstar 62
bolz 62
bna 40
bora 64
borgn 63
born 64
bort 63
borto 63
bsi 40
bot 60
boto 61
boug 39
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
bougen 39
bouhhan 39
boum 39
boumgart 126
brahsmo 53
brant 54
brantereita 54
brart 55
brastn 54
brtan 57
brto 57
brwa 57
brehhan 55
breit 53
breiten 53
breit 53
brennefriscing 54
brennen 54
brestan 56
bresto 56
brettan 55
bringan 55
brinna 56
brinnan 56
brocko 58
brod 59
brom 58
bronado 58
brort 59
brt 54
brugga 58
brhhan 60
brhhi 60
brn 60
brunna 58
brunno 58
brunst 58
bruodar 57
bruoh 55
bruohhh 160
brust 59
brt 59
brtigomo 59
ben 53
bh 64
bulla 65
bulln 62
bungo 62
buog 51
buoh 52
buohha 51
buohstab 51
buosum 52
buoza 52
buozen 52
br 65
burd
burg
burst
busc
64
63
64
64
chmo 214
dagn 415
dah 415
dha 416
dahs 415
dampf 68
dan 415
danana 416
danc 416
dancbri 44
danta 416
dr 416
darba 417
darbn 417
darbo 417
darf 417
darm 417
darra 417
daz 310, 417
decka 415
decken 415
degan 418
dehsala 419
Denemarca 68
denken 416
dennen 416
derb 421
derh 421
derren 417
dicki 419
dickida 419
dickn 419
dhan 421
dhsala 421
dil 419
dili 420
dilla 420
dn 423
ding 420
dinghs 420
dingman 420
dingn 421
dingstat 420
dinsan 421
dinstar 420
diob 422
dioh 423
diohbruoh 423
dionn 418
dionst 419
601
602
diorna 419
diot 423
diozan 423
distil 419
diu 419
diutisc 422
dofta 428
doh 418
doln 428
donar 429
donarn 429
dorf 430
dorn 430
douwen 418
dren 426
drsen 425
drt 427
dregil 424
dreskan 426
dr 425
dringan 426
driscubli 426
dritto 427
drizo 76
dra 427
drsca 425
drscala 425
drzen 425
drucken 427
drh 427
drum 427
drsten 428
d 428
dmo 431
dna 80
dunken 429
dunnen 429
dunni 429
dunst 79
dunwengi 429
durft 429
duris 429
durri 430
durst 430
dursten 430
duruh 421
dsunt 431
dwahal 431
dwahan 431
dwerah 432
dwingan 431
dwiril 432
an 86
eban 82
ebanlh 82
ebanmn 268
INDICES
ebann 1, 82
ebur 82
edili 27
ediling 27
edo 86
en 27
eg 3
egida 3
egidehsa 4
egilen 4
egiso 3
ehir 4
ht 6
ei 11
eid 10
eigan 6
eigenn 6
eih 7
eihhn 7
eihhurno 7
eimuria 7
ein 9
einboran 8
einfalt 8
einfaltlh 90
einharti 8
einhenti 8
einlif 8
einlifto 8
einougi 7
einrti 9, 304
einstrti 382
einwgi 9
isca 26
eiscn 9
eit 6
eitar 10
eiz 10
elaho 14
elbiz 13
elina 14
elinbogo 14
elira 15
ella 15
ellen 15
ellinn 15
elm 83
elt 14
enr 83
engen 20
engi 19
engida 19
enkil 20
entn 18
er 203
r 9, 11
ra 11
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
erbi 22
erbo 22
ercan 84
erda 86
erdberi 85
erdburg 85
erdbwo 65
erdfal 85
erdhs 85
erdnuz 85
erin 31
eringrioz 133
erl 85
ero 86
erpf 85
erren 23
erstorchenet 384
rwackar 9, 442
esil 25
essa 26
etar 82
wida 11
fadam 95
fadamn 95
fagar 89
fhan 92
fahs 89
fal 91
falawisca 92
falco 91
fald 91
faldan 91
fallan 91
falo 91
-falt 90
fano 92
far 93
fr 102
faran 93
farawa 93
farlos 251
farm 93
farn 94
faro 9394
farro 94
fasal 94
fasta 95
fastn 94
fastlh 94
fasto 94
fater 88
fatureo 88
faz 95
fara 102
farn 102
federa 102
feginn 89
fh 89
fhen 90
fehtan 96
feigi 89
feihhan 90
fil 95
feizen 90
fel 97
felahan 97
fellen 91
felln 97
fendo 99
fenni 92
fera 102
ferah 100
fereheih 100
ferren 93
ferro 99
fersana 101
ferzan 101
festen 95
fest 95
festinn 95
fa 101
fant 103
fn 103
ffaltra 98
hu 97
lu 98
lual 86
lz 97
mf 98
nc 103
ndan 99
ngar 99
fn 102
or 96
ordo 96
orsczi 96
rgiften 130
rina 100
rinn 100
rliosan 243
rmann 259
rmeinen 255
rmonen 276
rni 101
rden 30
rren 99
rsinnan 325
rspurnan 367
rswelgan 394
rwerten 448
rwesen 458
rz 101
sc 103
603
604
ur 121
ada 105
ah 105
ahs 104
asca 105
ec 106
edirn 105
hen 104
ehta 106
ehtan 106
i 105
eisc 104
ewen 106
ins 107
ioga 106
iogan 106
iohan 107
iozan 107
ocko 108
h 105
zzen 106
ug 108
uoh 108
uot 107
uz 109
f 96
fogal 116
fogalrarta 299
foha 117
fol 118
folc 117
folcurni 225
folgn 117
folgida 117
folkwg 118
folla 118
folln 118
folma 118
folo 118
fora 119
foraha 120
forahta 120
forhana 119
forsca 120
frad 112
fram 111
framrucken 308
framstrah 380
frawalh 112
freh 113
frehh 113
freidi 111
freisa 111
fremiden 111
fremidi 111
fremmen 111
fr 114
INDICES
fridu 115
friduman 115
frhals 114
frhals 114
friosan 113
frisc 115
frten 115
friudil 114
friunt 114
friunthold 114
fr 112
fror 116
frosc 116
frost 116
frouwa 112
fruohhan 116
fruot 115
fruoten 115
fruot 115
fuhs 117
fl 121
fuli 117
fullen 118
full 118
funco 119
funs 119
fuogen 109
fuolen 109
fuoren 110
fuotar 109
fuotareid 10
fuoten 109
fuoz 110
fuozgengil 125
fuozspor 110
furh 120
furi 119
furisto 120
furiwarna 449
furt 119
fst 118
ga 128
gabala 121
gaganen 122
galan 124
galgo 124
galla 124
galm 125
galt 124
galtar 124
galza 145
gaman 125
gang 125
gangan 125
gans 126
ganz 126
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
garawen 127
garaw 127
garawida 127
garn 127
garnwinta 127
garo 127
gart 129
garto 127
garni 310
gast 127
gataro 121
gatiling 122
gatwaln 81
geba 130
geban 130
gebig 121
gegin 122
geil 122
geisila 123
geist 123
geiz 123
geizn 123
gellan 131
gelo 131
gelpf 131
gelstar 131
gelt 130
geltan 130
gengi 125
gr 123
ger 132
gern 132
gern 132
gro 123
gersta 132
gescin 340
gestre 132
gibarn 40
gibelgen 34
giberaht 42
giberan 41
gibil 130
gibilla 130
gibiz 45
gibor 62
giburt 63
gidancn 416
gidilln 420
gidrang 424
gidweran 432
gin 134
gifagan 88
gifang 92
gifederi 102
gifh 89
gifehan 96
giferti 93
giskn 103
gieckn 106
gift 130
gifuori 110
gigleit 135
gihelden 157
gihemmen 158
gihhen 166
gihugt 190
gijzen 206
gil 134
gilang 236
gilangn 236
gilanto 235
gilwen 245
gileibo 174
gilepphen 236
gilh 248
gilhhinn 248
gilimpfan 240
giln 131
giloub 237
gilouben 238
gimah 257
gimahala 264
gimahlh 257
gimarki 262
gimeinen 255
gimeini 255
gimein 255
gimeino 255
gimeit 254
gimunt 275
ginda 287
ginah 279
ginanno 280
ginanto 134
ginesan 284
gingn 134
ginist 284
ginz 282
ginuht 289
ginuog 289
ginuogen 289
ginuogi 289
ginuogida 289
giozan 133
gr 135
girti 304
girehtsamn 317
gireihhen 295
gireiti 295
girennen 297
gir 132
girhhen 305
girno 310
gisal 135
605
606
gisarawi 319
giszi 328
giscaft 331
giscuohi 342
gisind 325
gisindi 325
gisiuni 323
giskan 334
giskehan 337
giskellen 333
gisliz 351
gismdi 355
gispan 362
gispurren 367
gistallo 370
gistrengen 380
gistuden 382
gistuomi 379
gisunt 386
gisweifen 390
gt 134
gitouben 69
gitriuwi 410
gitriuwida 410
gitriuwo 410
gitrog 74
gitrst 409
gitrsti 409
giunnan 435
giwgi 460
giwahst 439
giwaht 439
giwalchenemo 444
giwaltg 443
giwant 446
giwar 447
giwaralh 447
giwennen 447
giwera 451
giwerf 457
giwer 449
giwn 463
giwis 463
giwiss 463
giwiz 463
gizmi 406
gizengi 401
gizouwa 403
glan 135
glas 135
glat 135
gleimo 135
glm 136
gltan 136
glz 136
glzan 136
gluoen 137
INDICES
gluot 137
gnagan 137
gneista 138
gntan 138
gold 145
goldbant 145
goldsmid 146
gommankund 223
gomo 146
gor 146
gotawebbi 145
gotforht 120
goufana 129
gouh 128
gouma 129
goumen 128
gouwi 128
-gz 129
grab 139
graban 139
grana 140
gro 142
gras 140
grtag 142
grebil 139
greifa 139
gremi 139
gremn 140
gremmen 140
grennan 140
grennn 140
grfan 143
grim 141
grimmen 141
grimmida 141
grmo 143
grnan 143
grinnen 140
grint 141
grioz 141
griozan 142
grs 143
Griuzing 142
grz 141
grubiln 144
grunt 144
gruoba 143
gruonen 143
gruoni 143
gruozen 144
grustila 144
guldn 146
gundfano 146
gunt 146
guot 138
guot 138
guotlh 138
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
gurt 146
gurten 147
gurtil 147
hal 165
habn 147
habuh 148
hacka 154
haft 149
hag 150
hagal 150
hagan 149150
hagandorn 149
hagustalt 150
hh 160
hhan 160
hahhul 154
hhsina 160
halb 154155
halba 155
halbbrunnan 154
halbtt 154
haldn 157
hli 172
halla 156
halm 156
haln 156
hals 157
halsbein 156
halsn 157
haltan 155
hamal 157
hamar 158
hamf 158
hamila 158
hamo 158
hamustra 158
hanaf 159
hangn 160
hano 161
hant 159
hantag 159
hantag 159
hantaln 159
hantbreita 53
hantilla 159
hantlam 159
hantwerc 159
hn 165
hr 172
harm 163
harmn 163
harmida 163
harmo 163
harpfa 163
hart 162
hartlh 162
harto 162
harug 164
hasal 164
hasalnuz 164
hasan 164
haso 164
haz 165
h 172
heen 149
heften 149
hefti 149
hegga 150
hehara 172
hehhit 154
hei 154
heida 154
heidan 154
heidantuom 153
heil 151
heila 151
heilag 151
heilant 151
heilen 152
heilida 152
heilgn 151
heilisn 152
heim 152
heima 152
heimina 152
heimisc 152
heimdilis 152
heis 153
heisar 153
heisti 151
heit 151
heitar 151
heiz 153
heizen 153
helan 168
helfa 168
helfan 168
helid 155
hella 156
hellirna 155
helm 168
helza 168
hemera 169
hengist 160
henna 161
hr 153
herberga 42
herbist 161
herbistmnd 161
herd 170
heri 163
herifart 162
herihorn 162
607
608
heri-hunda 194
heriman 162
herin 163
heriskif 162
herten 162
herza 170
herzbld 49
hewi 167
ha 173
hilt(i)a 168
himilzungal 169, 412
hincan 169
hinta 169
hintana 172
hintar 173
hintarn 173
hirni 170
hirniscala 170
hirsi 170
hirti 169
hiruz 171
hiufo 171
hiuri 171
hwisci 173
hladan 175
hlahtar 173
hlanca 174
hlina 177
hlinn 177
hliodarsz 176
hliozan 176
hliumunt 176
hloc 173
hloufan 175
hluoen 177
hltar 178
hlutar 179
hlten 178
hluz 178
hneigen 179
hniuwan 180, 285
hodo 196
hof 190
hh 166
hh 166
hhida 166
hhlh 166
hol 191
hla 166
holco 191
hold 192
holdo 192
hol 191
holn 192
holz 192
holzwang 446
honag 193
INDICES
hnen 166
hni 166
hnida 166
hren 167
horn 195
hornung 195
horsc 195
horsclhho 195
hort 196
hosa 195
houbit 165
houf 166
houg 165
houwan 167
hraban 182
hrad 185
href 185
hregil 183
hreinida 183
hro 183
hrfo 187
hring 185
hriot 186
hrs 188
hriusu 186
hroc 308
hrogo 189
hros 189
hruggi 189
hruoh 188
hruoren 189
hba 196
huf 194
huggen 190191
hugu 190
hulden 192
huld 192
hulla 191
hullen 191
hulsa 191
hungar 194
hungaren 193
hunt 193
huntari 193
huoba 181
huof 181
huon 182
huor 182
huorn 182
huosto 202
huostn 202
huot 165
hurd 194
hurnen 195
hurst 195
hs 196
hsbrehho 55
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
hslouh 196
hssza 328
ht 196
hwal 197
hwanne 198
hwar 198
hwas 198
hwaz 199
hwen 199
hwein 201
hweizi 197
hwel 200
hwer 199200
hwla 201
hwio 199
hwz 201
ibu 82, 204
igil 203
go 203
ih 83
ihha 83
in 8384
in rihti 301
indenki 416
ineihhan 6
inkennen 210
inna 84
innan 84
innaro 83
innovili 433
insniu 327
insebben 311
insnerahan 357
inswebben 389
inwart 84
inwit 451
io 10
ir 206
irerben 22
irgeiln 123
irhelzen 157
irhenken 160
irlenken 175
irlsen 239
irlouben 238
irminsl 85
irqueban 226
irren 86
irretten 183
irri 86
irrida 86
irskeinen 332
irsliofan 350
irsrn 320
irsturen 384
irswarzn 392
irwarmen 449
s 204
sarn 204
sarnnagal 204
sarnsmid 204
ist 86
tal 203
itawz 468
itis 72
itlnn 82
iz 203
jr 206
jrmnd 206
jehan 205
jenr 205
jesan 206
jiht 205
joh 207
johhalmo 168
j 207
jucken 207
jugund 207
jung 207
junglh 207
jungo 208
k 212
kalb 209
kalba 209
kalln 209
kalo 209
kalt 209
kaltn 209
kamb 209
kann 210
kanna 210
kar 212
karl 210
karn 211
kil 211
kelh 212
kemben 209
kembil 212
kep 121
kepic 121
kerno 213
kerran 213
ki 214
kiln 214
kl 214
knan 214
kind 212
kinnibein 212
kiol 213
kiosan 213
kipfa 214
609
610
kistorchenen 375
kiturst 79
kiuwan 213
klwen 215
klwido 215
kleb 216
klebn 216
kleim 214
kleini 215
klenan 216
klo 215
klimban 215
klioban 216
klobo 217
klz 215
klubba 216
klunga 217
knapo 217
knebil 217
kneht 217
knetan 218
knio 218
knobel 219
knopf 218
knt 218
knussen 219
kol 223
kolbo 223
kopf 224
korn 225
kornhs 225
kornwist 225
kostn 226
kouf 211
koufen 211
koufman 211
koufskif 211
kracko 220
kraft 220
kranc 220
krano 220
kranuh 221
krn 222
kratto 221
krimman 221
krimpfan 221
krnen 221
kropf 222
kumbalboro 223
kumft 231
kunawid 223
kund 224
kunden 224
kuning 224
kuningrhhi 224
kunnn 224
kunni 224
INDICES
kuo 219
kuolen 219
kuoli 219
kuoni 219
kuon 219
kus 225
kussen 225
kust 226
ladn 237
laan 236
lga 244
lah 232
lahan 232
lahhan 234
lhhi 244
lhhin 244
lhhinn 244
lahs 232
l 237
lam 234
lamb 234
lang 235
langlb 235
langlh 235
langmuot 235
lant 235
lantbwo 235
lantscaf 235
lappo 231
lastar 232
laz 237
lzan 244
lazn 237
lebara 245
lebn 245
lecken 240
leckn 246
ledar 241
ledarhosa 241
len 237
leur 241
lehel 149
legar 240
leggen 231
lhan 232
leib 173
leiba 232
leiben 232
leid 233
leiden 234
leih 233
leim 233
leist 233
leisten 233
leita 232
leitara 174
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
leiten 232
lemmen 234
len 246
lengen 236
leng 236
lenten 235
lent 235
lra 233
lren 233
lrihha 234
lesan 241
letto 231
lb 247
lba 177
lban 177
lben 177
lblh 247
lid 246
ld 249
ldan 248
lidels 246
liduscart 335
liggen 240
lh 247
lhan 247
lhhamo 247
lhhen 248
lhhn 248
lhhn 248
lhten 241
lhti 240
lhtlh 240
lm 248
lna 248
lnbruoh 57
lindi 241
lindwurm 241
lingan 240
linta 240
liob 241
liod 243
liogan 242
liohhan 252
liohsan 242
lioht 242
liohtsam 317
liotan 242
lirnn 247
lisp 469
list 246
lsta 248
lta 177
liublh 241
liudn 243
liuhten 243
liut 242
liz 246
lob 249
lobagern 249
lobn 249
loc 250
lockn 250
lodo 252
lh 238
loh 250
lohen 250
ln 239
ls 239
ls 239
loub 237
louf 175
loug 238
louga 238
lougan 238
lougnen 238
louh 239
luba 249
lubbi 249
lucka 250
luft 249
lug 250
lugina 250
luhs 250
li 251
lil 248
lunda 251
lunga 251
lungar 251
lungun 251
luog 249
luogn 249
ls 252
lust 251
lustn 251
lustsam 251
lt 178
mado 264
mag 252
mg 269
magad 253
magar 253
magaren 253
magar 253
mago 253, 269
maguzogo 253
mah 257
mahal 263
mahalen 263
mahhn 257
maht 254
mahtig 254
ml 270
malaha 257
611
612
malan 257
mln 270
maltar 257
malz 258
man 260
manag 259
managfalt 259
managfaltn 91
manag 259
manalhho 260
mankunni 260
mno 270
mnd 270
mara 262
marahscalc 261
marahstal 261
marc 262
marca 262
marcn 262
marg 264
mar 262
mr 270
mrida 270
maro 262
masar 263
masca 262
mast 263
matra 252
maz 263
mz 271
man 268
megin 253
meil 254
mein 255
meineid 255
meinen 255
meinfol 255
meinlh 255
meisa 255256
meist 256
meizan 256
meizil 256
melc 267
melcan 266
melda 258, 266
melm 267
melo 267
menni 260
mennisc 260
mr 257
merc 262
mren 270
meri 261
meriha 261
meriswn 261
merken 262
mro 257
INDICES
merren 262
metamo 265
metu 265
metuwurz 265
mez 268
mdan 273
mieta 272
mih 83
mihhil 265
mihhil 265
mihhillh 265
mihhiln 265
militou 266
milsca 266
milti 266
milt 266
miltida 266
miluh 267
milzi 267
min 271
mn 83, 273
mindil 268
mios 269
mir 83
misken 272
mislh 272
missen 272
missi 272
missitt 272
mist 271
mistil 271
mit 268
mitiganga 126
mitti 264
mittigarni 127
mittiltag 265
mza 273
molta 275
moraha 277
mord 277
morgan 276
morgangeba 276
mornn 277
mos 277
mugga 275
mla 278
mullen 275
multen 275
mund 276
munt 275
muntar 276
muntr 276
muodar 274
muodn 274
muodi 274
muod 274
muoen 274
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
muor 274
muos 274
muot 273
muoter 273
muotig 273
muoz 274
murden 277
murdiren 277
murdreo 277
murgfri 276
muruwi 277
ms 278
msdrec 425
mutiln 275
mwerfo 278
na 282
naba 279
nabalo 279
nac 179
nackot 280
ndala 287
nagal 279
nh 286
nhen 286
nhgengo 126
nahho 280
nhlhho 286
naht 279
nahtfogal 279
nahtwahha 442
nien 286
namalhho 280
nmi 286
namo 280
napf 179
narwa 281
nasa 281
ntara 286
naz 281
nebul 283
nen 282
negilen 279
ni 282
neihhen 179
nila 281
nein 283
neizen 179, 280
neman 284
nemnen 280
nemnida 280
nenden 281
nerien 281
nest 287
nevo 283
ni 283
nibu 283
nd 289
nidana 287
nidar 289
nidari 289
nidaro 289
nden 289
nift 283
ngan 180
nihhus 287
nioro 285
niosan 180
niozan 285
niun 285
niunto 285
niusen 284
niuwen 284
niuwi 284
niuwn 285
niuwunga 285
niz 180
noh 289
nord 289
nordana 289
nt 282
ntdurft 282
nten 283
ntnumeo 289
nz 282
nu 289
ni 290
nisam 290
numft 289
nuoen 181
nn 290
nuz 181, 290
oba 432
obaro 432
obarn 432
obasa 433
oben 432
di 30
oan 435
oann 435
oh 11
ohso 433
ra 30
orrehano 436
ort 436
ortwas 436
stana 30
tag 28
ottar 436
ouga 29
ougatora 28
ougen 28
ougenen 28
613
614
ouh 29
ouhhn 29
ouwa 4
ouwi 31
ouwiti 31
ovan 433
pfad 291
pfl 292
pfanna 291
pfant 291
pfeit 291
pfenning 291
pffa 292
pn 291
pegan 292
piht 292
pihta 292
puog 292
pfoso 293
pfa 294
pfuol 292
purren 64
qut 229
quec 230
quecka 230
quedan 229
quelan 227
quellan 227
quellen 227
queman 227
quena 228
quenaman 228
querca 228
quetten 226
quicken 230
quiltiwerc 227
quirn 228
quirnstein 228
quist 229
quiti 227, 230
rabo 183
rad 298
raha 294
rahha 296
rhha 472
rahhinza 296
ram 184
rm 304
rama 297
rant 297
rsen 304
rasta 298
rt 304
rtan 303
rtgebo 303
INDICES
rvo 304
rwa 307
rza 187
reckegerna 471
recken 296
reda 298
redan 186
redn 298
ref 186
refsen 294
regan 300
reganbogo 300
reganwurm 300
Reginfrid 294
rhboc 295
rehhan 471
rho 295
reht 301
reht 301
rehtlh 300
rehtunga 301
reid 471
reiden 471
reif 296
reigaro 183
rein 296
reinen 183
reinherzi 183
reini 183
rein 183
reinisn 183
reino 470
reisa 296
reita 295
reiz 471
reizen 296, 471
rren 296
resk 471
ribbi 300
rdan 473
ridil 473
rf 306
riga 295
rhhi 305
rihten 301
rhtuom 305
rinc 302
ringa 186
ringan 472
ringi 302
rinna 302
rinnan 302
rinta 302
riob 186
riohhan 303
riomo 303
riozan 303
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
rsan 306
riso 472
rtan 305
rtera 187
riuten 302
riuwan 186
riz 473
rza 473
rzan 306, 473
roc 308
rod 307
rodn 309
roen 308
roggo 308
ropfn 309
rr 299
rost 309
rt 299
rtbrnpfelln 298
rotn 307
rto 299
roub 298
roubn 298
roufen 298
rouh 299
rouhhen 299
roum 303
rz 299
ruc 308
rdo 190
ruf 189
rh 309
rh 309
rm 309
rmen 309
rmi 309
Rmliuti 309
run 308
rna 310
runs 308
rnstab 310
ruoba 306307
ruodar 307
ruof 188
ruofan 188
ruofen 188
ruog 473
ruogen 473
ruoh 307
ruota 306
ruowa 307
rsa 310
rzan 186
rzen 310
sac 315
saf 319
saga 311
sagn 311
sahha 315
sahhan 314
sahs 312
Sahso 312
sal 315
salaha 315
salba 315
salbn 315
sale 316
slida 327
salo 316
salz 316
salzan 316
salzfaz 316
salzn 316
salzstein 316
samalh 317
saman 317
samann 317
samant 317
samanunga 317
samawist 317
samfti 318
smiheil 328
samo 317
smo 328
sandn 319
sang 318
sant 318
saro 319
sat 310
satul 311
satulbogo 311
scaba 331
scado 336
scadn 336
scf 340
scao 334
scaft 331
scaften 331
scal 332333
scala 333
scla 339
scalc 332
scam 333
scama 333
scamals 333
scamn 333
scanc 334
scanta 334
scara 335
scra 340
scarbo 334
scaro 335
scato 331
615
616
scaz 336
scazpfung 293
scefti 331
sceidan 331
scerran 339
schhe 339
scif 340
sciart 340
scifman 340
sciltburg 337
scmo 341
scina 340
scioz 339
scra 342
sct 341
scollo 345
scni 337
scn 337
scn 347
scopf 346
scora 346
scorf 346
scoub 336
scouwn 337
scoz 346
scraz 344
screiten 343
scrift 344
scrit 344
scrt 344
scrtan 344
scuft 345
sculd 345
sculdn 345
scult 345
scultra 345
scm 345
scunten 345
scuoba 342
scuoh 342
scuohen 342
scr 347
scurz 346
scutten 345
scvala 347
scwo 347
scuz 347
s 312, 314
sal 326
secka 315
sedal 326
sen 319
segal 322
sehan 323
sehs 322
sehsto 322
seid 312
INDICES
seifa 313
seih 330
seil 313
seim 313
selah 323
selb 323
selbselbo 323
selida 315
sellen 316
seltan 323
seltsni 323
senawa 329
senken 318
senten 318
sola 314
solant 314
sr 313
sren 313
srhalz 157
srlh 313
sertan 325
sez 325
sib 328
sibba 320
sibbi 320
sibbn 321
sibun 321
sibunto 321
sd 330
sen 325
sgan 329
siginmo 289
sigu 322
sih 323
sha 330
shan 330
silabar 328
silabarsmid 329
silbern 329
silo 328
sn 330
sinawerbal 200
sinawerf 200
sind 325
sindn 325
singan 324
singruoni 324
sinkan 325
sint 458
sintar 324
siodan 326
sioh 326
siohtuom 326
sta 329
sitg 321
sitn 321
situ 321
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
situls 321
situsam 321
siu 329
siuhh 326
siuwen 329
skaban 330
skadal 336
skarpf 335
skeida 332
skelah 338
skellan 338
skemmen 333
skenken 334
skepfen 334
skeran 338
skerien 335
skerten 335
skba 341
skilihen 338
skilling 338
skilt 337
sknan 341
skioban 339
skiozan 339
skri 341
skiteri 340
skokka 346
skolo 345
skrban 344
sko 347
slachta 348
slf 350
slfan 350
slag 348
slagn 348
slah 349
slahan 348
slangen 349
slear 351
slha 349
sleht 350
sleif 349
slo 349
slwn 349
slfan 351
slhhan 351
slihten 351
slm 351
slimb 351
slingan 350
slintan 349
slo 352
slito 350
slzan 351
sloufen 349
sloz 352
slunt 352
smac 353
smh 354
smal 353
smalast 327
smalz 353
smeckar 354
smelzan 353
smer 353
smerzan 353
smid 354
smda 355
smidn 355
smiern 353
smirwen 354
smitta 355
smoccho 355
snagga 356
snahhan 356
snaraha 356
snazo 357
sneggo 357
snegil 357
sneiten 355
snel 357
snell 357
sno 355
snepfa 358
snerfan 357
sndan 358
sniumen 358
sniumi 357
sniwit 358
snottar 359
snuor 359
snura 359
snuz 359
snzen 360
s 397
sod 388
son 388
sol 385
sorga 388
sorgn 388
sou 320
souf 320
sougen 320
soum 320
sphi 364
sph 364
spaltan 361
spn 364
spanan 361
spanga 361
spanna 362
spannan 362
spanunga 362
spar 362
617
618
sparalhho 362
sparn 362
sparo 363
sparro 363
spti 364
spec 365
speh 365
speha 363
spehn 363
speht 365
speihha 361
speihhaltra 361
spel 363
spelza 97
spennen 362
sper 364
spilden 364
spinnan 364
spinnila 364
spioz 364
spwa 365
spwan 365
spiz 365
spor 367
spornn 367
sporo 368
spot 368
spottn 368
spraln 366
sprataln 366
sprehhan 366
spreiten 366
sprengen 366
sprenzen 366
springan 366
sprtan 367
spriuzen 366
spro 367
sprung 367
spuola 366
spurihunt 367
spurnen 367
spurt 367
stab 368
stabn 368
stad 372
stadal 373
stahal 369
stal 370
stam 370371
stammn 371
stampf 371
stampfn 371
stn 377
stanc 371
stanga 371
stantan 371
INDICES
stapf 371
stapfal 372
starablint 372
starc 372
starn 372
staro 372
stat 369
stata 369
steg 377
stega 377
stegereif 377
stehhal 378
stehhan 373
stehho 374
stehhn 374
steiga 369
stein 369
steinag 369
steinbzil 40
steinmeizo 256
steinn 370
steinovan 369
stelan 374
stelza 374
stemmen 371
sterban 375
sterbo 375
sterno 375
stero 376
sterro 375
sterz 376
stetg 368
stg 378
stga 377
stgan 378
stih 378
stil 378
stillen 374
stilli 374
stimna 373
stingen 374
stinkan 375
stioban 376
stioater 376
stiofkind 376
stiofmuotar 376
stiofsun 376
stioftohter 376
stior 377
stiura 377
stiurren 377
stoc 383
storah 384
storrn 384
stouf 373
stouwen 379
stz 373
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
stzan 373
stzn 373
strach 380
strl 381
strang 380
strecken 380
strenglh 380
streno 381
strewen 381
strih 381
strhhan 382
strt 381
strtan 382
strou 381
stroufen 381
stroum 380
stuba 382
stubbi 382
stucki 383
sthha 384
stunta 383
stuol 379
stuolso 326
stuorren 379
stuot 379
stuotros 379
stri 385
sturm 384
sturmen 384
sturo 384
s 389
sfan 389
sl 385
sgan 388
suht 385
sl 389
sulih 390
sulza 385
sum 385
sumar 386
sumpf 398
sundana 387
sundstrni 30
sundrni 387
sunna 387
sunta 386
suntar 386
suntarn 387
sunu 388
suohhen 360
suohn 360
suona 360
suozi 398
suoz 398
sr 389
srougi 29, 389
swger 396
swalawa 390
swam 391
swan 391
swanur 387
swr 396
swr 396
swrida 396
swarm 391
swarz 392
sws 396
swslh 396
swebal 392
swegala 393
swegaln 393
swehur 393
sweif 390
sweifan 390
swein 390
sweiz 390
sweizen 390
swellan 394
swelli 394
swelzan 394
swenken 391
swerban 395
swerren 391
swert 395
swester 395
swen 396
swigar 393
swh 396
swhhan 397
swimman 394
swn 397
swnan 397
swingan 394
swnhirte 397
swinn 396
ten 72
tag 66
tagawerk 66
tagn 66
tha 72
tht 423
tal 67
tanna 68
tapfar 68
tar 68
tart 68
tt 72
teig 66
teil 67
teilen 67
teilida 67
tenar 70
tenni 70
619
620
thanatrib 76
thart 416
tila 70
tilli 70
tiof 71
tior 71
tiuf 71
tiuri 71
tiurida 71
tiurlh 71
tocka 78
td 70
tohter 78
tol 81
tolg 78
tor 79
torwarto 79
tt 69
totoro 78
tou 70
toub 69
toufen 69
toug 69
traga 74
tragan 74
tranc 74
trata 409
trean 75
tregil 74
tren 76
tretan 409
tretten 408
trban 76
trincan 75
triofan 76
triogan 75
triuwa 410
trog 410
tropfo 77
trr 75
trren 75
trst 409
trsten 409
trstlh 409
trstls 409
troufen 75
troum 75
troumen 75
trn 411
trugil 410
truht 77
truhtn 77
trunc 77
truncan 77
trunkann 77
truoben 77
truobi 77
INDICES
trt 78
trwa 411
tba 80
tugund 78
tuld 79
tumb 79
tumbn 412
tunga 79
tuola 73
tuom 73
tuomen 73
tuomstuol 73
tuon 73
turi 79
tusin 80
twl 81
twalm 81
twelan 81
twellen 81
twerg 81
ubargrif 142
ubargulden 146
ubarlit 177
ubarmagann 253
ubarwehan 465
ubil 433
f 435
fen 435
hta 435
umbi 434
unbiruoh 307
unda 435
ungifuora 110
ungihab 147
unhiurlh 171
unholda 192
unkund 224
unmzi 271
unsr 435
unsih 460
unt 434
untana 434
untar 434
untardiuten 422
untarn 434
unterburgen 63
unti 434
untorn 434
unwgi 460
unzi 434
uoben 290
uodil 290
uohald 157
uppa 435
ur 436
urdrioz 426
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
urhab 147
urla 231
ro 437
urrist 304
urspring 366
ustar 436
vo 436
wila 436
z 437
zan 437
ze 437
zgiswman 397
uztribo 76
war 451
wadil 451
wado 451
wen 461
wfan 461
wg 460
waga 439
wga 460
wagan 439
waganleisa 233
waganso 438
wagn 439
wahhal 442
wahhn 442
wahs 439
wahsan 439
wahsen 439
whsprhhi 367
wahst 439
wahta 440
wal 443
wala 442
walagn 443
walahisc 444
walbo 198
wald 445
walsc 197
walhhabuh 443
waltan 443
walza 444
walzan 454
wambo 445
wan 446
wn 461
wanaheil 445
wanast 447
wancn 447
wandel 446
wnen 461
wanga 447
wnida 461
wann 447
wantnti 446
wr 461
wara 450
wra 461
warba 198
warbn 198
warf 450
warg 448
wri 461
warm 449
warnn 449
wrspello 363
wart 448
warta 448
wartn 448
warths 448
wartman 448
warza 450
wascan 450
wass 198
wat 438
wt 460
wata 438
watan 438
wten 460
wzan 201
w 440
weban 451
webbi 437
wecken 442
wedar 199
wefsa 438
weg 452
wegals 452
wegan 452
weganest 284, 452
weggen 438
weggi 439
wehha 462
wehsal 462
wehsaln 462
weibn 465
weida 441
weidn 441
weih 440
weihhen 440
weinn 440
weiz 441
weizen 441
welc 453
welf 200
wella 453
wellan 453
wellen 444
welzen 444
wnag 440
wenten 446
wentilso 446
621
622
INDICES
winta 455
wintan 454
wintar 455
winting 455
wintn 456
wntruncan 466
wintruncan 77
wo 468
wipfn 462
wir 460
wirbil 200
wirden 458
wirdida 458
wirsiro 457
wirsisto 457
wirt 456
wirz 457
ws 467
wisa 441
wsa 468
wisant 463
wsen 468
ws 468
wslh 467
wso 468
wsn 468
wist 459
wstuom 467
wisula 459
wt 465
wten 465
wto 465
witta 464
witu 462
wituwa 462
wzag 468
wzago 468
wzagn 468
wzan 468
wzen 202
wz 202
wzi 468
wola 454
wolatt 453
wolcan 474
wolf 473
wolla 474
wonn 475
worb 476
wort 475
wreh 472
wulpa 474
wunna 475
wunsc 475
wunsken 475
wunt 474
wunta 474
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
wuntar 474
wuntarsiun 474
wuntn 474
wuodi 470
wuof 470
wuofan 470
wuofen 470
wuohhar 469
wuorag 470
wuosti 470
wuot 469
Wuotan 469
wuoten 469
wuot 469
wurl 450
wurgen 476
wurken 476
wurm 476
wurt 475
wurz 476
zagal 398
zh 401
zahar 399
zal 400
zala 401
zla 406
zaln 400
zam 401
zand 401
zandls 401
zanga 401
zantero 401
zapfo 402
zarga 402
zart 402
zata 398
zebar 406
zha 399
zehan 404
zehanto 403
zehha 403
zehho 407
zeihhan 399
zeihhanen 399
zeihhur 399
zein 399
zeina 399
zeisan 400
zeiz 400
zeizo 400
zelga 404
zellen 400
zelt 404
zeman 404
zemmen 401
zeran 405
zers 405
zesawa 404
zeso 404
zetten 398
zi 408
ziga 406
zhan 407
zil 407
zimbar 404
zimbaro 404
zimbarn 404
zin 407
zinna 405
zint 404
ziohan 405
ziotar 405
zisamanegiwalbn
zt 407
zittarn 407
zi-weiben 440
zogn 411
zha 403
zopf 412
zoraht 413
zotto 411
zoubar 402
zoum 403
zouwa 406
zowen 403
-zug 403
zugil 411
zuht 411
zn 413
zunga 412
zuntara 412
zunten 401
zuo 408
zweho 414
zwei 415
zwelif 413
zwelifto 413
zwne 415
zwfal 414
zwg 414
zwirnn 414
zwirr 414
zw 415
623
198
624
INDICES
dchte 421
den 72
dsen 418
drm 424
drengen 424
drz 425
duht 78
duz 431
balden 34
bane 36
bar 3637
behac 150
behuof 181
beizel 33
bellen 41
bende 35
benden 35
benuomen 289
beschelken 333
beschnotten 358
bicken 41
biel 46
bil 46
bilwiz 45
bismien 354
bljen 49
bliuc 48
blz 48
bluost 50
bole 62
boten 61
bzen 40
brach 53
brjen 57
braken 54
brant 54
brehen 55
briezen 56
brimmen 55
briuwen 56
brsen 60
brtlouft 59
buchen 39
bcken 61
bulge 62
bllen 62
buobe 51
buode 52, 65
butze 64
ecke 3
eckestein 3
einnehte 9
eitstap 10
elten 14
end 18
endels 18
ensten 21
erleswen 237
erwergen 456
dehsan 419
dfte 422
dimpfen 68
diuten 422
far 94
fren 102
fram 111
gbe 133
gbe 133
gaen 126
ggen 122
galle 124
gampf 125
gn 133
garst 127
gastgebe 127
gebeize 33
gebette 32
gel 131
geleichen 232
gelpfen 131
gengen 126
genou 179
gerat 298
geschaf 334
gest 206
getelle 79
gevere 120
gewalt 443
gewerke 457
gewrke 476
geziune 413
giergen 23
giwagen 440
glan 135
glast 135
glau 136
glfen 136
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
glmen 136
glitzern 136
glren 137
gotevorhtec 144
grpen 142
grasegrene 140
grien 141
grif 142
grit 142
grt 143
grob 144
geten 138
guome 139
hab 147
habene 147
haft 149
hahse 150
hamal 157
hamel 158
hamme 158
handels 159
hatele 148
hebec 148
hebede 148
heimen 152
heinen 150
hel 155156
helfels 168
hellewze 156
helse 157
herschilt 162
herwec 162
heswe 164
hetzen 165
honecseze 193
hornboge 195
houbetls 148
hover 190
hchen 196
hundert 193
hupfen 194
hsen 197
hsls 196
ingrene 143
skalt 204
jn 206
jnen 126
jiuch 206
jouchen 206
jungeling 207
karsch 211
kennunge 210
kerben 213
kben 214
kchen 214
kirre 229
kiver 212
klammer 215
klapf 215
kleint 28
klemberen 215
klotz 217
knoche 218
knochen 218
knotze 219
knllen 219
kntzen 219
knz 219
kobe 222
krinc 221
kroten 222
krouwel 222
kle 226
kunde 223
knten 224
kuose 225
kren 226
lade 175
lge 244
lre 236
lancrche 235
lantschult 235
lantsite 235
leise 233
lemede 234
lenken 175
lbels 247
lidec 246
lint 241
lohe 250
lt 238
lte 238
loube 238
lften 249
machtls 254
ml 270
malzen 258
mannen 260
mart 261
mt 271
mwen 257
meidem 256
meisch 256
menz 259
misse 272
mitte 264
mitteln 265
moder 278
625
626
mhen 278
multe 275
mndel 275
muoz 274
muoze 274
negen 138
nesten 284
ntec 282
ntegen 282
ost 30
sen 30
pock 292
puoc 292
pfnsen 109
phifen 292
phrengen 293
quast 227
raen 184
rampf 184
rtls 303
reben 300
rechen 301
regen 300
rf 306
rhan 305
rzen 299
rot 307
ruch 308
rugelen 308
rump 308
rzen 186
sagen 311
scharren 336
schart 335
scharz 335
schelch 338
scher 335
scherpfen 335
scherzen 335
schilten 337
schimmen 340
schlchen 352
schopf 346
schozwort 346
schte 336
schz 337
schraen 344
schramme 344
schreit 343
schreiten 343
INDICES
schrimpf 344
schrimpfen 344
schlen 339
schuofe 342
schuor 342
schr 347
scint 338
scze 337
seilen 312
seine 313
selken 324
senen 329
seten 311
sigelen 322
siule 329
sfen 330
slampen 349
slanc 349
sleize 349
slch 351
slotern 352
slz 349
slumen 352
slr 352
smalnz 353
smeizen 352
smelha 353
smelhe 353
smirle 354
smiugen 354
smollen 355
smougen 353
snal 356
snappen 356
sneise 356
sneisen 356
snellen 356
snwz 355
snittel 358
snde 357
snouwen 357
snuderen 359
snupfe 359
soppe 388
st 320
spellen 363
spen 362
spengen 361
spennen 362
spl 365
spr 365
splzen 365
sporte 367
spreckel 366
sprinzen 366
sptzen 368
GERMANIC LANGUAGES
stache 370
stahelen 369
starren 372
sttels 369
steinhs 369
sterre 372
sterzen 372
stiurman 376
stf 378
stm 378
strfe 382
stroe 427
stroen 382
strumpf 382
strunc 382
strz 382
studel 382
stunz 383
suc 385
seme 360
semen 360
sumeren 386
sumerlanc 386
sumertac 386
sumerzt 386
sf 389
ste 388
swade 392
swanc 391
swart 391
sweibeln 389
sweim 389
sweimen 390
swertveel 395
swifte 396
swinde 395
swint 394
tagelanc 66
tam 67
tappe 66
teic 67
teile 67
telken 78
telle 67
tengen 68
touwen 70
ttbant 69
trbe 408
trenken 74
trbe 76
troll 410
trllen 411
trumpfen 411
tfede 71
tuft 78
tunc 79
trre 80
umbeswif 396
umbeweif 440
unsivel 321
uober 290
uover 290
usele 436
vade 96
vrlic 102
veiz 90
veize 90
verderben 71
vere 93
vergseln 135
verlust 251
verne 100
vert 101
vertemmen 68
verwepfen 198
verworht 476
vle 103
vsen 104
vist 101
vladern 105
vleten 107
vluor 108
vort 121
vridels 115
vriden 115
vrien 114
vunt 118
vut 116
waberen 437
walm 444
waltschreckel 343
weideman 441
wellen 444
wercman 456
werktac 456
wernagel 449
werwolf 463
wesel 458
wester 459
wtt 440
weterleich 452
wetertac 451
wetten 438
wift 452
wge 465
wirs 457
witeren 452
wtsweif 390
627
628
wordws 475
worten 475
wurht 476
wurmgarte 476
zar 402
zaspen 402
zch 406
zepfen 402
zic 406
INDICES
zicken 407
zipf 405
zipfen 406
zitze 407
zorn 413
zwir 414
zwirn 414
zwiselen 414
zwist 414
zwveln 414
German
Banse 35
beedern 102
besttigen 368
Blei(h)e 50
blutrot 50
Bucht 61
Bgel 61
bunken 62
erdfest 85
Finne 103
Gellinghanf 124
gelzen 124
gnttern 137
kerne 213
kippen 214
Kleck 215
Knack 217
knacken 217
knattern 217
Koder 222
Krpel 222
lehne 174
listig 246
murren 277
quaken 227
Sandkorn 318
Schellsch 332
schimmern 340
schlittern 350
Seemann 314
spade 361
Stiege 378
stier 378
stieren 379
tappen
66
wabelen 437
wgen 191
zergen 402
zupfen 412
Langobardian
gsil 135
waregang 461
wintingas 455
lagi 231
zwa 406
Hittite
an(a)a 17
anda 83
anna- 20
ark- 23
arman- 24
arnu- 302
a- 435
auwant- 386
di- 73
dalugai- 236
daluki- 411
dankui- 68
e-id-mi 86
eka- 206
zi 86
gagastia- 164
genu- 218
kattu- 165
kir- 170
kuen- 146
kunk- 190
kuttar 222
kuwatta(n) 199
la-a-man 280
lei- 241
lip- 245
lukkat- 242
luttai 239
mald- 258
maliddu- 49
malla- 257
mekki- 265
miliddu- 49
milit 266
muti- 273
ai- 10
ai- 31
appena- 433
ara(n)- 25
aa- 26
ater- 26
ater- 375
atug(a)i- 27
enk- 279
ua- 31
uant- 454
e- 458
ulana/i- 474
neku-mant- 280
nekuz 279
nepi 283
nea- 284
nea- 285
nu 289
iia- 313
ikalla- 338
ipai- 364
ipatar 361
itagga(i)- 369
itark- 375
i--ga-an 207
ka- 172
kaka- 154
kalam(m)a- 156
kale- 156
kanka- 160
karia- 229
karp- 161
kai- 164
paur 121
pa-izi 83
parina 101
pata- 110
pattar 102, 109
pedan 101
tak- 419
tangarant- 194
tarna- 413
taru 405, 409
tekkui- 407
tuzzi- 423
adar 451
war- 449
waia- 450
a- 450
630
weda- 451
en- 455
460
INDICES
eia- 458
itt- 460
Lycian
328
sta 193
Sbrow
tri-
425
Tocharian
aik-, B 6
ak, A 29
akntsa, B 224
akwam-pere, B 94
amk-pnte, B 99
ansk-, B 17
ant-api, B 52
as-, AB 31
atas, A 28
ate, B 28
auk-, B 29
auks-, B 439
aulo, B 29
aume, B 29
( u )w, AB 31
k-, B 11
k, B 4
knats, A 224
l, B 13
mpi, A 52
m-, AB 17
ntse, B 17
rwar, A 25
rwer, B 25
tl, A 27
we, A 31
cnk-, B 416
ckcar, A 78
ek, B 29
entwe, B 434
es, A 17
ke, B 466
kl(t)s-, B 155
klywe, B 176
kam, A 209
km-, B 227
knt, A 193
kante, B 193
kantwo, B 412
kanwe, A 218
kar(y)-, A 132
krpye, B 335
krya, B 170
kat, A 165
kau-, B 167
kauc, B 166
kk-, AB 214
ky-, B 134
keme, B 209
keni, B 218
ker(y)-, B 132
kercc, B 126127
ker, B 200
keu, B 219
klup-, B 217
klyau-, B 178
klyomo, B 176
klyo-, A 178
klyu, A 176
kn-, A 210, 218
kuk, A 179
ko-, A 167
koc, A 166
kokale, B 199
kosi, B 202
krmp-, B 221
kri, A 170
ku-, AB 133, 193
kukl, A 199
kul, B 200
kum-, A 227
kur-, A 229
kurp-, B 200
kus-, B 133
kutk-, AB 133
kwr-, B 229
lk-, AB 249
laks, B 232
lm-, AB 240
lankutse, B 240
laswi, B 237
laute, B 239
lek, AB 247
lesto, B 287
lip-, AB 245
lip-, B 247
lit-, A 248
lot, A 239
lup-, AB 350
lyk-, B 240
maiwe, B 256
malyw-, A 257258
ma, A 270
mrs-, AB 262
msk-, B 272
munt, A 264
mcar, A 273
mcer, B 273
mk, A 265
mka, B 265
mlk-, AB 266
mely-, B 257258
mee, B 270
mio, B 272
mit, B 265
moliye, B 263
nas-, A 284
nsk-, B 137
nes-, B 284
nitt-, B 138
no, B 289
nu, A 289
nusk-, B 219
akte, B 145
em, A 280
emek, B 286
i, B 460
kt, A 145
om, B 280
u, A 284
unte, B 285
uwe, B 284
ytse, B 289
-ok, A 29
okt, A 5
okso, B 433
okt-, B 5
ops-, A 433
orkm, A 301
orkmo, B 301
paiyye, B
pk-, AB
pako, B
pl-, AB
101, 110
363
117
41
plt, A 46
p, A 98
pnn-, B 364
pnw-, A 364
pr-, AB 41
prk-, AB 113
parno, A 43
prs-, AB 94, 120
prsk-, AB 120
prwn-, A 60
prwne, B 60
pts, A 101
pats, A 88
patsa, B 101
pcar, A 88
pcer, B 88
pl-, AB 41
pnto, B 40
ptro-, B 109
peke, A 89
pe, A 110
perne, B 43
pilta, B 46
plewe, B 106
plu-, A 106
poke, A 51
poko, B 51
por, A 121
porsno, B 101
prk-, AB 293
pracar, A 57
praski, A 120
pratim, A 115
prati, B 115
prk-, B 55
procer, B 57
prosko, B 120
proskye, B 120
pwar, B 121
rk-, AB 301
rake, A 294
ratre, B 307
reki, B 294
rtr, A 307
ru-, AB 309
ruw-, AB 309
sam, A 385
srk-, A 388
sark-, B 388
sle, A 316
slyiye, B 316
sm, B 385
sik-, B 312
skk, B 342
skiyo, B 341
631
632
smi-, AB 353
soke, B 388
spin-, A 103
sruk-, AB 381
stm, B 371
suwo, B 389
swce, A 387
swco, B 387
k, A 322
lyp, A 315
alype, B 315
ptnt, A 321
ar, A 395
er, B 395
im, B 330
kas, B 322
kaste, B 323
kt, A 323
mare, B 353
or, B 359
p, A 392
pane, B 392
pt, A 321
pr, A 363
tm, A 371
ukt, B 321
uktante, B 321
k, A 404
ak, B 404
, A 228
ana, B 228
anwem, A 212
ari, B 376
aumo, B 146
cirye, B 375
cre, B 372
icatstse, B 355
knt, A 403
kante, B 403
oliye, B 223
pl, A 130
re-, A 375
trt, A 96
tarte, B 96
tk-, AB 428
tk-, B 406
tl-, AB 428
tampe, A 415
tankw, B 429
tapre, B 68
trkr, A 71
tarkr, B 71
t-, AB 73
INDICES
tks-, B 419
tek-, B 400
tkcer, B 78
tpr, A 68
trm-, A 425
trap-, A 424
trpp-, B 424
trsk-, AB 426
tre, A 425
trey, B 425
trit, A 427
trite, B 427
tu, A 428
tunk, A 429
tuwe, B 428
twe, A 70
twere, B 80
tweye, B 70
tsaik-, B 72
tsm-, AB 404
tsr-, AB 405
tsek-, A 72
-uk, B 29
wak, A 440
walkwe, B 473
wai, A 446
want, A 454
wnt-, AB 454
wp-, A 451
wr, A 450
war, B 450
wart-, A 457
wrt, A 476
wartto, B 476
was, A 460
ws-, AB 450, 458
wp-, B 451
wek, B 440
weru, B 457
wes, B 460
wi, B 415
wn, B 475
wna, B 461
wsl, A 459
wu, A 415
y-, AB 83
yakne, B 439
yrk, A 84
yarke, B 84
yrm, B 305
ys-, AB 206
yat-, A 204
yente, B 454
yepe, B 461
yuk, A 83
yuk-, AB 206
Sanskrit
abh 434
dhara- 434
agh- 4
ahm 83
hi- 4
jati 11
jta- 224
jra- 12
ka- 5
ki 29
akt- 435
aml- 17
mhas- 19
amh- 19
sa- 17
ankti 20
cati 19
niti 17
antr 434
ntara- 21
nti 18
antya- 18
nu- 87
ga- 20
ghri- 279
akur- 20
pa 1
para- 2
apataram 2
pka- 2
pna- 1
rbha- 22
rcati 84
ardyati 25
artra- 307
armaka- 24
ra- 24
ary- 23
sti 86
su- 21
ani- 3
amar- 158
anti 5
va- 83
atu 5
ti 28, 82
tti 86
tha 434
vati 2930
vi- 31
yas- 11
yt 83
dy- 88
pas- 290
s- 290
sa- 26, 31
ayati 5
t 18
t- 21
tmn- 87
yu- 10
bbhasti 40, 52
babhr- 40, 60
badhnti 41
bah- 41, 62
bandh- 35
bh- 51
bibhti 45
bdhati 43
budhn- 61
buli- 65
bhti 38
bhman- 39
bhadr- 38
bhankti 35
bhnati 36, 51
bhrati 41
bhrman- 37
bhvati 44, 52
bhyate 45
bhla- 44
bhintti 46
bhog- 39
bhrjate 42
bhrate 55
bhrtar- 57
bhr- 60
bh- 64
bht- 64
bhujti 43, 61
bhurti 57
bhrj- 43
ca 434
cakr- 199
car- 200
catr-aga- 96
633
634
caturth- 96
catvra- 96
chy 341
chidr- 340
chintti 342
citr- 151
ddhti 73
dadr- 405
dkina- 404
damyti 401
dnt- 401
darbh- 412
daryati 402
da 404
da 398
dmyati 401
dru 405, 409
dti 398399
degdhi 72
deha- 66
dpati 402
de- 399
dva- 408
devr- 399
ddei 407
dii- 406
ddeti 407
drgh- 236, 411
dra- 413
dti 407
ddhat- 78
drmati 409
drvati 410
drp- 408
drum- 411
dti 405, 413
d- 413
dudhra- 78
duhitr- 78
d(u)v 415
dvika- 414
dviha- 414
dhman- 67
dh- 80
dhnu- 70
dhyati 67, 72, 76
dhrati 77
dh- 79
dh- 68
dhnti 69
dhvnati 79
dha- 6
ka- 9
INDICES
ati 9
ti 83
galati 227
gmati 227
grbha- 200, 209
gti- 231
gu- 219
gti 214
ghor- 129
girti 228
gn 228
gola- 226
gh- 126
gul 223
gur- 225
hams- 126
hnti 132, 146
hnu- 212
hri- 124
hryati 132, 142
hvate 128, 318
him- 134, 139
hys 132
tara- 203
it- 203
rm- 24
e 6
jhti 122, 133
jlpati 131
jmbha- 209
jna- 224
jgh 126
jrant- 210
jrate 213
jrati 211
jsate 228
jtu 227
jnti 210
jni- 230
jnu 218
jt- 223
jt-vedas- 467
jihm- 406
jihv 412
jv- 230
jt- 224
jat- 218
joyate 211
juhti 133
ji- 226
jute 213
jr- 225
kad 199
kka- 150
kakbh- 196
klpate 154
kalya- 155
kanna- 169
kakla- 160
kpth- 148
kart- 170
kati 339
katar- 199
kya- 197
kkati 194
kcan- 193
ksate 202
kekara- 151
keta- 150
ket- 151
khjati 332
koca- 166
ka- 167
ktti 194
kp 185
ka- 195
km- 327
kmba- 193
kpa- 196
krdati 184, 335
kvthati 199
lav- 243
lelyati 296
limpti 245, 247
linti 246
ln- 246
lobha- 238
lok- 238
lop- 403
ltam 239
lbhyati 238
lumpti 250251
lunti 243, 251
lunti 243
lucati 308309
ln- 251
mdati 263
mdhu- 265
mdhya- 264, 465
madhyam- 265
magh- 252
mahnt- 265
majjn- 264
malv- 258
mnu- 260
mnyate 259
mny 260
mat- 275
mmsm 267
ms- 270
mtr- 273
mti- 271
mdas- 263
megh- 271
mhati 272
mthati 272273
meth- 254
mimikati 272
minti 271, 273
mdnti 258, 267
md- 258
mti 257
myati 262
mt- 277
mrdhn- 275
m- 278
nma 280
n 283
nbhas- 283
nad 281
nda- 282
nagn- 280
nk 279
npt 283
napt- 283
naraka- 289
nas- 281
nsate 284
nati 279
nu- 289
nva- 284285
nvate 285
navat- 285
nvya- 284
n 285
ntha- 287
nthate 287
nnekti 287
net 289
ni-dgh- 66
nndati 280
nitarm 289
ntya- 287
n- 287
n 289
paa- 91
pad- 110
padm 101
padya- 102
padyate 101
pca 98
pnth- 99
635
636
pakt- 98
pr 99
prdate 101
Parjnya- 100
par- 94
prati 120
part 101
pa- 97
pau-tp- 417
patar- 102
pti- 88
pryati 110
pyati 109
pri- 101
pas- 89
pimati 103
pik- 365
pparti 93
pitar- 88
pitvya- 88
pvan- 90
pyati 103
plvate 106
plvyati 106
pli- 105
pluta- 109
pra-vrjayati 472
prya 104
prta- 111
priy- 114
priyatva- 113
priyyte 114
prt- 115
pruv 113
pcchti 113
pcch 120
pni- 93, 119
pan 94
pth- 117
pth- 98, 292
pccha- 117
pur 119
pura-sthtr- 113
pur- 98
pr- 118
pti- 116
pyati 121
phna- 90
ragh- 240
rjas 301
rkati 14
rmate 302
rmbate 240
rmhate 240
INDICES
rpas- 294
rtha- 298
rvati 309
rdhnti 303
rm- 304
rhi 246
rjate 232
rekh 295
rkas- 232
rikhti 295, 305
rikti 247
rt- 306
rcate 242
roc- 238
rda- 299
rdhati 242
rditi 303
rujti 252
rpyati 298, 303
jyati 301
jati 297
ti 85, 302
a-bh- 436
t- 23
s 310
sabh 320
scate 323
shas- 322
shate 322
skh 312
sam- 317, 385
saman 317
sam-ar- 85
sm 386
sam-yj- 207
sna- 324
sanak- 324
snti 458
sanutr- 386
sapt- 321
sapttha- 321
saptat- 321
sarp- 315
saty- 387
sava- 320
sdyati 319
sm 328
stu- 312
sicti 330
sdati 325
smn- 330
svyati 329
skunti 347
smt 317
smyate 353
snyati 358
snu 359
sprdhate 367
sphyate 102, 364
sphrjati 362, 366
sphaati 361
sphir- 362
sphurti 367
sphy- 103, 364365
spdh- 367
srdhati 351
sjti 324
stabhnti 368, 372
stkati 369
stnati 374, 429
star 376
stm- 378
stbhi 376
stk 383
stpa- 384
styyate 370
sthala- 370
sthlati 370
sthman- 379
sthit- 368
sthti- 369
sthr- 377, 385
sunti 320
sr 320, 385
svar- 361, 387
sn- 388
spa- 385, 389
svadh 321
svjate 394
svan- 391
svnati 391
svpiti 392
svpna- 392
svarati 393
svsar- 395
svd- 398
svpyati 389, 397
svda- 390
svedayati 390
svidyate 396
syman- 320
syti 313, 330
aknti 149150
al- 156
am 158
kate 160
akh 179
ak- 160
aph- 181
rman- 168
a- 164
at- 193
at-pati- 193
ka- 172
va- 173
ira- 150, 168, 172
r- 170
r- 183
rathyati 183
rvas- 176
rit- 177
romata- 176
roi- 175
rotra- 176
rut- 178
rut- 178
ga- 195
vn- 193
vsiti 201
var- 393
vura- 393
vura- 396
vet- 201
ym- 214
ah- 323
at- 322
322
tkman- 418
tkati 419
tku- 419
tmas- 420
tamas- 420
tamsayati 421
tankti 421
tanti 416
tpati 418
trjati 421
tark- 432
taryati 417
tt 418
tat- 420
ttra 418
tavti 418
thati 377
tittir- 422
trsati 424425
ta- 430
tpt- 429
tpti- 429
tpyati 417
t- 430
tyati 422, 430
ttya- 427
637
638
INDICES
tulayati 428
tupti 384
tur- 429
turti 384, 432
tvm 428
tvanakti 431
ubhu 52
ubhnti 451
udr- 436
ugr- 469
ukn- 433
ukh- 433
pa 432
para- 432
upri 433
u 30
t 437
ut 416
dhar
nrmr
436
446
444
474
vc- 440
vja- 442
vri 450
vti 453
vhati 452
vjra- 442
vlate 453
vlati 443
vlgati 444
vcati 447
vanih- 447
vanti 446, 455, 461, 475
vgati 455
vpati 94
vritha- 457
vryas- 457
vrtate 457
vartyati 448
vasant- 461
vsati 458
vste 450
vstu- 459
vats- 459460
vaym 460
vyati 441
v 199
vh- 460
vjyati 442
vchati 475
vch 475
vsa- 462
vti 460
vedyati 441
vpate 440
vepyati 440
vidhv 462
vidy 464
vijte 466
v- 466
vi- 441
vitarm 464
vitt- 463
vr- 463
vrta- 472
vrjati 471
vk 474
vka- 473
vti 449
y- 203
ymati 206
ysyati 206
ytate 204
ycati 205
yna- 206
ygya- 205
yug- 207
yuva- 207
yuvat- 207
yym 208
Avestan
ag 4
adar 434
aiti 83
as- 6
asma- 7
a- 9
av 9
axa- 204
airy 23
aiti 28, 82
aiwi 434
aiwi-gaiti- 231
aiwi-gnixta 137
ana 17
antar6 434
antara- 21
anu 87
anu-maiti- 275
ahu- 21
ap 1
apar 2
ar6m 24
aran- 436
aa- 23
ai 29
ata 5
asti 86
aurva- 25
avaiti 29
ayah- 11
ayar6 9
az6m 83
azaiti 11
-diti- 407
h- 290
pah- 290
y 10
banda- 35
bandayeiti 41
baod6nt- 43
bar6nu- 53
bar6zah- 42
bavaiti 44, 52
bawra- 40
b 51, 82
bzu- 51
b6r6z- 63
bifra- 414
bi 414
brtar- 57
brzaiti 42
buna- 61
a 434
axr 199
iyr 151
dadaiti 73
dav 408
dar6ga- 236, 411
dari- 68
duru- 68, 409
draoga- 74
dug6dar- 78
6r6naoiti
85, 302
frat6r6saiti 424425
fravi- 112
friya- 115
fry 114
gar6va- 200, 209
g6n 228
g6r6da- 126
gu 219
had- 325
hatu- 312
haiyya- 387
ham- 386
hama- 317, 385
hana- 324
hant- 325
hapta 321
har6zaiti 324
-haurv 319
haxay- 312
hazah- 322
h 310
h6nti 458
hinaiti 330
hinu- 329
hita- 377
hiz 412
hu-badra 38
hunu- 388
hur 320
h 389
hvar6 361
ti-
amaiti 227
ni- 230
ainti 146
araiti 228
ka-m6r6da- 275
kamna- 333
kaofa- 166
kata- 196, 226
katr 199
k6r6sa- 195
k6r6ti- 225
k 199
mad6ma- 265
madaite 263
madu- 265
maga- 271
mazaiti 272
magava- 253
maidya- 264
mainyete 259
manu- 260
639
640
INDICES
sdra- 165
snaa- 355, 358
snaeati 356
snvar6 359
spata- 201
spanah- 194
spar6ga- 362
spasyeiti 363
sp 193
sp6nta- 194
sp6r6d- 367
sraoman 176
sraoni- 175
sraoyra- 176
sraoa- 176, 178
sraota- 176
sravah- 176
sr- 183
sruta- 178
yta- 201
staora- 377
staxra- 369
stiti- 379
ta 418
taoayeiti 418
tar 421
taru- 430
ta- 419
tyrau 420
taxma- 421
t6maha- 420
tiry 88
tma- 431
tvm 428
yang- 428
yry 425
yrity 427
udr 436
ugr 469
un 446
upairi 433
upara- 432
up 432
u- 30
uxan- 433
uz-daza- 66
vam 460
vati- 464
vanaiti 475
vahaiti 458
vari 461
var- 453
var6mi- 444
var6n 474
var6t- 457
var6za- 456
vartva- 476
vast 450
vax- 439
vaxa- 440
vazra- 442
v 199
viti 460
vr- 450
vstr6m 458
v6hrka- 473
vidav 462
vra- 463
vtara- 464
xvada- 390
xvafna- 392
xvap- 392
yah- 206
yaozaiti 206
yr- 206
y 198, 203
y 208
y6m 208
zaa- 123
zafar- 212
zairi- 124
zana- 224
zanva 212
zao- 213
zara- 132
zaziti 133
z 126
zra- 124
xrma- 190
xva 322
xvati- 322
xviwra- 390
Old Persian
apataram
payim 291
va- 230
xya 11
Afghan
lwar- 364
Ossetic
tajun 418
tajyn 418
(v)urs 189
cw 213
djn 67
xumllg 192
xuyun ~ xuin 329
kw6rt 225
yex 204
stur 385
Scythian
Aloy-agow
16
641
642
INDICES
Greek
atow 310
Aggeloi 19
ge 11
gklh 20
gkulow 1920
gklow 19
gnvtow 224
gw 11
grw 12
gxi 19
gv 11
gkn 19
dastow 402
dn 84
ajv 439
yeow 145
y-rv 71
za 26
hmi 460
aglvc 7
Aidhw 156
adomai 11
alourow 459
ayow 6
ama 313
istow 463
asxow 6
,thw 29
an 11
kaina 3
karna 5
kw 3
kltow 177
km 5
ktw 435
ljv 14
litanv 233, 351
lk 14
lkh 14
ll 15
llomai 323
llow 15
lw 316
lfw 13
lphj 403
ma 385
mayow 318
momai 318
mart 23
mv 269
mlgv 266
mhtow 271
mm 17
mnw 4
mfhn 20
mfv 52
n 17
na 17
naltow 13
napelsaw 2
naurow 29
nemow 17
neu 87
nyrnh 76
nnw 20
nta 18
ntai 17, 19
nt 18
ntow 18
jnh 12
jvn 5
piow 1
plow 91
p 1
p 2
pvtrv 2
rarskv 305
rsterow 455
risterw 423
rotron 23, 25
rv 23
rshn 436
rvg 307
skhyw 336
spragow 366
sparv 367
str 376
talw 27
ter 386
traktow 432
tta 27
a 29
age 29
alw 29
aow 320
asiow 30
av 30
fnow 1
xnh 4
xomai 3
banv 227
bath 291
bptv 226
brayron 228
barw 225
bsiw 231
bdv 101
bow 230
bibrskv 228
bow 219
brkana 277
braxw 276
brxv 300
brotw 277
bzon 294
bunv 294
gaulw 213
gnow 224
gnuw 212
granow 220
grron 213
grvn 210
gstra 459
gesta 451
geomai 213
gignskv 218
gltton 216
gloiw 215
glfv 216
gnhtw 223
gnj 218
gnvtw 218, 224
gmfow 209
gnu 218
grfv 213
graw 228
grzv 222
gr!ma 222
gun 228
gph 222
g-row 226
d`r 399
daomai 398, 400
dkru 399
damv 401
dpedon 412
dasw 401
datomai 402
deknumi 407
dka 404
dkatow 403
dltow 404
delfw 209
dmv 404
dejiw 404
drkomai 402
drma 405
drv 405
dfv 402
dkh 406
dyrambow 20
diplow 414
dw 414
dokv 403
643
644
rxomai 300
rdiw 25
rv 304, 307
ti 82
tow 460
ev 436
xv 322
ymnow 68
yenv 132, 146
ylgv 78
ynar 70
yew 72
yiggnv 72
ylow 67
yolv 81
yrasw 68, 80
yrama 75
yrav 76
yrmbow 74
yugthr 78
ynv 79
yuoskow 337
yr` 80
yussaneiw 78
yv 69
yvmw 73
zenamen 228
zegow 206
zv 206
zugn 207
gomai 314, 360
dw 398
liow 361, 387
riow 9
-W 199
ikanw 161
merow 206
mi 328
na 21
peirow 290
ra 461
Hra 319
remow 302
tor 87
te 416
x 397
w 30
329
dow 390
driw 464
emai 441
kv 312
mw 330
INDICES
mbhriw 19
jai 330
onyow 446
w 441
pnw 433
ppow 83
sthmi 377
ta 464, 468
kainw 169
klamow 156
kalw 155
kmarow 192
kamp 158
kprow 148
kptv 149
karda 170
karpw 161162
kentv 169
kraw 170
keyv 196
kefal 130
kdow 165
khkv 160
klh 166
kpow 181
kldow 192
klzv 174
klow 176
klptv 175
klnh 177
kl,nv 177
klzv 178
klutw 178
knptv 179
knv 181
knhkw 193
knmh 158
knzv 180
knsa 180
knza 180
knv 180
kov 167, 337
koranow 163
klpow 198
konw 138
krsh 170
korudw 171
kradv 184, 335
krmbow 184
kraw 185
krevn 183
krnh 185
kr 132
kroiw 183
krmuon 184
krov 186
kr!mw 190
krzv 187
kbow 194
kklow 199
kmbh 193
kph 196
ktow 196
k!fw 196
kvn 193
kmh 152
kph 181
lganon 234
lzomai 234
laen 244
lkkow 231
lsiow 445
lepv 247
lexv 246
leimn 233, 351
ljomai 240
leukzv 250
leukw 242
lgv 234
lhden 244
lhh 239
lnow 474
ligw 233
lzei 246
lnamai 246
liparw 245
lobw 236
loutrn 239
lov 238239
lgj 250
lgow 250, 252
lzv 352
lkow 473
ltron 251
lv 243, 251
madv 263
mayen 276
mazw 263
makravn 235
makroyuma 235
makrw 253
mlgow 257
manynv 275
mrh 275
mssv 257
meglo 265
mgaw 266
mdomai 268
myu 265
megnumi 272
mevn 271
mldomai 267
mldv 258
mli 266
mmona 259
msow 264
met 268
mkvn 269
mlon 270, 353
mw 270
mtiw 271
mthr 273
mtra 274
mxow 252
minyv 271, 273
misyw 272
moixw 254
mdow 278
myow 264
mua 278
m!komai 278
mllon 278
mw 278
nrkh 356
naw 289
nev 285
neow 284
nefei 358
nmv 284
neognw 393
nomai 284
now 284
nrye(n) 289
nrterow 290
neron 359
nev 285
neflh 283
nfow 283
nv 286
nyv 358
nssa 21
nzv 287
nu 289
numfta 261
nj 279
nuw 359
jnh
337
310
dssomai 27
dn 401
zow 26
odaj 10
odv 10
okow 466
oktrw 7
645
646
oow 9
w 31
otow 10
kt 5
librn 351
lisynv 351
malw 324
mxlh 271
mgniow 317
mse 317
mw 317
mfalw 279
mf 318
neidow 280
noma 280
nomanv 280
nuj 279
ja 26
rv 450
rgv 301
rektw 301
rmenow 85
rniw 2425
rnumai 302
rnumi 24, 85
robow 25
rrow 25
rssv 308
rfanw 22
rfnw 85
rxomai 23
w 198, 396
sse 29
oyar 436
Onnoi 196
fiw 4
frw 60
xv 438
palmh 118
pantokrtvr 16
pr 119
par 119
patomai 110
patr 88
patrikw 88
parow 96
paxw 41, 62
pdon 101
pza 102
pziw 101
peyomai 46
pekv 103
pera 102
pkow 89
pkv 96
INDICES
pleia 80
plma 97
plth 91
pnomai 119, 364
pnte 98
pow 94
perv 93
prdomai 101
peripefleusmnow 48
prusi 101
petnnumi 96
peyomai 43
pgnumi 92, 109
pnow 92
ppoka 201
pxuw 51
pdaj 103
pvn 90
plgow 105
plzv 105, 108
plj 104
plth 117
platw 98, 292
plevn 104
plekt 104
plkv 106
plv 106
plnyow 107
ploon 106
plma 106
plvtw 107
plv 108
pnv 109
pkow 89
pntow 99
pse 199
psiw 88
poev 197
poiklow 89
poimn 90
poliw 91
pol 98
porknw 93, 119
porf-rv 57
pow 110
prson 293
prka 119
prmow 111, 116
proshnw 435
ptriw 94
ptrnh 101
ptern 102
ptv 365
puymn 61
p-yomai 121
pon 121
pr 121
pvlv 61
plow 118
=dij 473, 476
=aibw 470
=apw 476
=puw 306
=ssv 471
=mbv 472
=ema 380
=on 472
=okow 470
=omow 476
sbnnumi 228
slma 324
skzv 334
skarv 344
skllv 338
skalmw 333
skptv 330
skfh 334
skerv 338
skptomai 363
skptron 331
ski 341
skidarn 340
skinyw 334
sk,pvn 341
skopow 341
skoliw 338
sktow 331
skzomai 345
sklon 347
skrow 346
sktow 336
skr 335
smv 354
smv 355
smkrw 354
smxv 354
somfw 391
spyh 361
sparsion 363
spv 361
spedv 364
spggow 103, 365
splow 365
stmnow 371
stsiw 369
statw 368
staurw 373
stexv 378
stera 376
stllv 370
stlow 374
stmbv 371
stnv 374, 429
stergnow 425
sterew 372
stmvn 379
stzv 374
stxow 378
sto 380
stoxow 369
stlow 370
stryh 376, 383
stregomai 381
stroyow 425
stpow 384
s 428
sfaragomai 362, 366
sfn 364
sxzv 342
sw 418
trbow 421
tarsw 417
tatw 420
tarow 423
te 434
tgow 415
tknon 418
trpomai 417
trsomai 422
tssarew 96
ttartow 96
ttraj 422
tenv 416
terv 426
texv 69
tkv 415
thla 420
tyhmi 73
titrskv 426
trmow 417
toxow 66
trew 425
trmv 425
trfv 73, 77
trv 424425
trhtw 427
trofalw 73
trv 425
tlow 428
tptv 384
tuflw 69, 80
grw 442
drow 436
dvr 451
lh 385, 389
la 389
mn 320
mmew 208
647
648
INDICES
pr 433
p 432
pnow 392
w 389
f 451
fanv 38
flagj 34
fallw 34, 44
falw 48
fbomai 41
fretron 43
frv 41
fedomai 46
f 51
fhgw 52
fhm 36, 51
flow 45
Fnnoi 103
flgv 47
flidv 47
floidv 47
flmow 327
formw 37
fr`r 58
frn 144
frthr 57
frimv 57
frnow 60
fma 39
fv 44, 52
fgv 33
fvn 52
xanv 126
xaon 123
xarv 142
xandnv 133
xnow 125
xow 128
xriw 132
xartw 142
xatv 122
xeiropoihtw 159
xel-nh 131
xv 133
xyamalw 125
xyw 132
xn 126
xin 139
xlv 136
xlid 136
xlow 136137
xlow 124
xranv 144
xremetzv 140
xrma 143
xr,v 143
xrmow 139
xrow 344
cxv
52
lnh 14
mw 17
n 11
r` 206
Phrygian
ad 26
451
bdu
70, 72
davo 448
duma 73
dow
meka 266
Jeunh
337
oito 10
onoman 280
proitavos 111
eti
82
yos 203
ian 438
ztna
128
199
kuryaneyon 163
kklhn
Armenian
acem 11
aiun 26
ail 15
aitnum 10
alik' 91
a 316
abiwr 58
am 386
aman 386
amis 270
ancanaut' 224
anic 180
anjn 19
anjuk 19
anun 280
araur 23
ard 23
arn 85
art 12
aaspel 363
ast 376
atamn 401
ateam 27
ban 36, 52
barjr 42, 63
bark 37
bek 35
berem 41
bok' 40
cer 210
cunr 218
c'iw 347
c'urt 347
darbin 66
danam 74
dez 66
dik' 72
du 428
dustr 78
ebayr 57
eam 86
erek' 301, 425
es 83
et 326
gam 438
gelum 443
get 451
gitem 441
gom 458
hac'i 26
han 20
hanum 119
harc' 120
harc'anem 113
hast 94
hav 31
hayc'em 9
hayr 88
heru 101
het 101
hin 324
hing 98
hingerord 99
hu 121
hun 99
hur 121
il 87
inn 285
jak 124
jeun 131
jiwn 139
ju 11
keem 227
kin 228
kov 219
kunk 221
k'irtn 390
k'oyr 395
lezu 412
lizanem 246
lu 105, 178
luc 207
lucanem 252
mal 270
malem 257
malt'em 258
mard 277
mec 266
m 264
mg 271
mer 266
mic 355
mis 267
mizem 272
mukn 278
neard 359
nist 287
nu 359
nurb 289
o 25
ost 26
pelem 292
649
650
INDICES
p'lanim 91
p'orj 102
tiz 407
tvar 406
san 171
sirt 170
skesur 393
snerb 356
sten 374
ster 376
stvar 377
t'anjr 428
t'a 417
el
ul 118
unkn 30
ur 198
us 17
utem 86
ut' 5
338
vandem 474
vaem 449
vec' 322
taigr 399
tasn 404
tawn 398
ti 407
zgenum 450
Thracian
1
Abrozelmiw
blinyow 62
Boulogashw 123
Boureilaw 64
bra 472
brza 308
brtow 59
diza
406
brow
82
zalmw 168
Zulmusdrihnw
nba
410
355
297
Rskow
sklmh 333
Strumn 380
Tiouta
423
Dacian
disema 327328
diessathel 327328
lj
239
koikolda
pridhla 114
pridila 114
181
sikoupnoj
151
Macedonian
brotew 60
liza 15
klintroxon
Olganow
gabaln
474
130
Albanian
ah 26
178
bar 36
bardh 42
barr 37
baruk 37
berr 38
bie 37
bri 55
br 55
buj 52
bj 53
bung 62
buzm 170
c( j)ap 340
al 338
dash 71
der 80
det 71
dit 407
djal 70
djatht 404
dje 132
djers 390
dra 74
dr 74
drang 74
dredh 74
drith 132, 147
dua 213
due 213
dy 415
dhamb 209
dhmb 209
emn 280
emr 280
sht 86
er 94
fjal 363
hir 342
h( j)edh 339
kap 149
katr 96
koll 202
kref 139
kreh 139
krip 186
krodh 188
krua 185
krue 185
kryp 186
kur 198
kush 198
lab 236
land 240
leht 240
lej 242
lnd 240
lidh 247
lodh 244
llan 14
llr 14
madh 266
mat 276
mz 259
mz 259
mi 278
m 278
miell 267
mish 267
miz 278
mjalt 266
mjegull 271
mjel 266
mot 271
motr 273
muaj 270
muej 270
gardh 126
gdhend 71
gdhij 408
gdhj 408
grua 228
grue 228
gjalp 315
gjasht 322
gjeth 227
gjum 392
nand 285
nat 280
nd 83
ndrydh 428
nduk 405
ne 460
nnt 285
njof 210
njoh 210
hal 332333
hije 341
pa 1
pal 91
651
652
INDICES
pel 118
pes 98
ps 98
pjerdh 101
plaf 104
plesht 105
push 117
rjep 294
rjep 307
rranj
rrnj
rrime
rrjedh
rrym
476
476
476
300
380
sivjet 172
sy 29
shoh 323
shqerr 338
shtat 321
shteg 369
shtjerr 376
shtyj 373
shtyj 373
ti 428
tredh 426
tremb 425
tul 428
thni 138, 180
thri 138, 180
thi 389
uj 451
ujk 473
usht 436
vang 447
vej 451
vesh 30
vi 459
vit 460
vjedh 452
vjehrr 393
zi 229
zorr 127
zverk 395
zvjerdh 456
Illyrian
Syrapus 389
Teutana
Teta
422
423
Messapic
ana 20
Menzana 259
brndon 55
brntion 55
spta
396
brunda 55
brion 65
Venetic
ahsu 21
veina 330
voltixnos 393
Latin
ab 1
acer 4
acernus 5
acis 3
aculeus 5
acus 4
ad 26
adfer 41
aemulus 82
aes 11
aesculus 7
aeuus 11
age 11
ager 12
agit 11
agna 3
agnus 4
ag 11
la 5
albus 13
alcs 14
alius 15
alnus 15
al 12
altus 13
amrus 17
ambactus 18
amb 52
anas 21
ancrae 19
angiportus 19
Anglii 19
angor 19
angulus 20
angustus 19
animus 17
anna 20
annus 28
nsa 20
nser 126
antae 18
aper 82
aperi 449
aqua 5
ra 31
artrum 23, 25
arcus 23
ardea 25
armus 24
ar 23
artus 23
ascia 12
asellus 25
asinus 25
atta 27
auge 29
auris 30
aurra 30
auster 30
auus 31
axis 5
badius 291
barba 36
biber 44
biennium 28
bmus 134
bn 414
bis 414
bs 220
brevis 276
bubulcus 292
buttis 293
caecus 151
caenum 197
cale 156
cal 156
campus 158
canis 193
canna 210
cannabis 159
can 161
cnus 164
caper 148
capi 149
capti 149
captus 149
caput 148
carp 161162
carr 339
crus 182
catillus 211
catulus 148149
caue 167, 337
caup 211
caupnri 211
caurus 347
cel 168
centum 193
centuria 193
cerebrum 170
ctr 172
cuis 173
clam 175
clm 178
clep 175
cling 175
cln 177
cluus 174
clnis 175
clu 178
collis 156, 192
collus 157
columen 191
comestor 158
commnis 255
cnue 180
653
654
coniux 207
conuexus 447
cor 170
corbis 163
corn 195
corpus 185
corulus 164
coxa 150
crtis 194
cre 403
crbrum 187
crnis 188
cruor 185
crusta 190
crux 189
cd 167
culmus 156
cnctor 160
cpa 196
cr 198
cutis 196
damnum 398
d 434
decem 404
decet 403
dfend 146
dns 412
dnsus 401
deus 408
dc 407
d 408
dolus 400, 406
dom 401
dnec 408
dc 405
duo 415
duplus 414
ed 86
eg 83
e 83
equus 83
err 86
eruum 25
est 86
et 82
explr 108
faber 66
faci 73
fgus 52
fall 81
far 36
fr 36
farna 37
faue 129
INDICES
fel 124
Fenn 103
friae 69
fer 41
fsiae 69
ber 40
bra 40
fd 46
flius 70
nd 46
ng 72
f 44
agr 47
agrum 47
vus 49
e 49
4950
follis 34
foris 80
forus 37
fragor 54
fragr 37
frang 55
frter 57
frxinus 43
frem 55
frend 141
fretum 57
frns 54
fcus 46
f 44
fulica 34
full 62
fund 133
fundus 61
fuscinula 5
fuscus 80
gabalus 121
galba 212
gel 208
gena 212
genius 224
gns 212
gen 218
genus 224
gibbus 208
glaber 135
glsum 135
glci 173
glb 216
gnuus 218
Graecus 221
grmen 140
grnum 225
gremium 221
grmus 222
gurgit 228
gustre 226
gustus 226
Gutones 147
guttur 222
habe 130
haednus 123
haedus 123
hasta 129
hauri 30
heluus 124, 131
heri 132
hesternus 133
hiems 139
hi 134
holcas 191
hom 146
hordeum 132, 147
horior 132
hostis 127
humilis 125
humulus 192
Hunn 196
iinium 94
gntus 224
in 84
inclutus 178
nferus 434
inguen 84
nseque 311
nstaur 373
nstg 374
inter 434
internus 435
intr 418
intus 84
is 203
istud 418
iterum 203
igis 11
iug 207
iugum 207
iniperus 205
iuuencus 207
iuuenta 207
labium 241
lacus 231
lamb 236
lna 474
langue 234, 349
lascuus 237
lau 238, 240
laus 243
lentus 241
leuis 240
lvir 399
liber 237, 249
lber 112
lig 247
lmus 233, 351
lnea 248
ling 246
lingua 412
linqu 247
lnum 248
lra 233
lue 349
longaevus 235
longus 235
lubet 238, 249
lcus 238
ld 246
lumbus 235
lmen 242
lna 242
lu 251
lupus 473
lx 238
macer 253
made 263
magnus 266
malignus 393
mlus 263
malus 353
mang 259
manus 260, 275
marce 261
mare 261
marg 262
mter 273
meditor 268
medius 264
medulla 265
mei 272
mel 266
memin 259
memor 271
mentum 276
merula 17, 354
minor 273
minu 271
misce 272
misericordia 24
misericors 24
mollis 258
mol 257
mone 259
monle 260
mortrium 277
mortuus 277
655
656
mtus 273
moue 273
mcus 278
mulge 266
mnus 255
mrus 255
ms 278
muscus 277
mt 272273
nsum 281
natrix 279
nuis 289
n 285
nebula 283
ne 286, 358
neps 283
neptis 283
neruus 359
n 289
ndor 180
ndus 287
nix 355
ndus 282, 289
nn 283
Northwegia 289
ns 460
nouus 284
nouem 285
nox 280
ndus 280
numerus 307
nu 285
nurus 359
nux 181
obscrus 347
obstaculum 373
obstpus 378
oct 5
di 27
d 27
ollus 13
opus 290
orbus 22
orior 85, 302
s 290
tium 30
ovis 31
pgnus 154
palma 118
plus 292
pandus 92
pang 92, 109
pannus 92
ppili 98
INDICES
psc 110
pate 96
pater 88
ptruus 88
paucus 96
paullus 96
pect 96
pec 97
peda 101
pdis 101
pd 101
pellnus 97
pellis 97
pend 191
pnis 94
penus 99
perna 101
ps 110
pcus 365
pirum 40
piscis 103
piscor 103
place 104
plaga 105
plang 105, 108
plnus 108
plect 106
plic 106
pls 104
pluteus 108
pns 99
por 119
porca 120
porcus 93
porrum 293
portus 119
posc 113
potis 88
praecell 155
prehend 133
prmus 116
proprius 114
prouerbium 475
pruna 113
ps 121
pte 116, 121
qurtus 96
quattuor 96
que 434
quercus 100, 120
queror 201
qu 201
quis 201
qunque 98
quod 199
qur 198
rdx 473
rapi 294, 307
rpum 306
rati 298
ratum 193
rvus 142
recns 169
recprocus 119
rctus 301
reg 301
renoure 285
rp 300
rig 300
rpa 306
rd 473
rogus 296
Rma 310
rota 298
ruber 308
rubre 307
rud 303
rfus 299
rump 303
runc 308309
ru 309
rs 309
saccus 315
saeta 312
saeuus 313314
sgi 314, 360
sl 316
sali 323
salitus 323
salix 315
sall 316
snus 360
sapa 319
sapi 311
sarica 319
satis 310
saxum 312
scab 334
scpus 331
scelus 338
scind 342
scpi 341
scortum 335
scrb 344
scrpus 345
sctum 336
sec 311
sede 325
sella 326
smen 328
smi 328
senex 324
senti 325
sequor 323
srius 396
ser 327
serum 392
seru 319
sessus 325
stius 329330
sex 322
sextus 323
siat 330
sbilus 393
sile 328
similis 324
simplus 91
sinister 455
sinistus 324
sin 329
sist 377
socer 393
socius 312
socrus 393
sl 361, 387
solum 389
somnus 392
son 391
sns 319
sonus 391
spi 389
sopor 392
sordre 392
sords 392
soror 395
sparus 364
speci 363
spern 367
spcus 365
spma 90
spu 365
sptum 368
stmen 379
statim 369
status 368, 372
stlla 376
stercus 425
stilus 378
stingu 375
stp 378
stria 378
striga 381
strig 381
string 380, 382
stru 381
stude 373
stupe 384
sturnus 375
suuis 398
657
658
sdor 390
su 70
sg 388
sunus 397
sunt 458
su 329
sup 389
stus 388
suus 396
tace 415
tang 400
taurus 423
tells 420
tlum 419
tene 416
tentus 420
tepe 418
ter 426
terre 425
tertius 427
tex 419
textilis 419
toga 415
tonge 416
ton 429
torpe 421
torque 432
torre 417, 422
torrus 430
ttus 13
trabs 426
tractus 74
trah 424
trs 425
trstis 427
trd 426, 428
t 428
tber 431
tubrucus 423
tmor 431
turdus 425
turma 427
ud 438
uadum 438
uae 440
ualgus 444
uallus 445
unus 446
uarus 457
uas 438
ustus 470
uts 469
INDICES
utrax 451
ber 28
ber 436
-ue 199
uege 442
ueh 452
uell 454
uenia 475
ueni 227
uentus 454
uenus 446, 455, 461, 475
ur 461
uerbum 475
uereor 447
uermis 476
uert 457
urus 461
uscor 458
uespa 438
uestis 451
uibr 467
uide 441, 464
uidua 462
ue 441
uisc 467
ulla 466
uinc 465
unum 467
uir 253, 463
uirga 463
urus 441
us 253
utis 468
uuerra 7
uuus 230
ulmus 83
ulna 14
umbilcus 279
umerus 17
uncus 19
unda 435
unguen 20
unguis 279
ungu 20
nicus 8
nus 9
uol 453
umis 439
uor 228
ux 440
urge 476
r 436
uultus 474
414
stakaz, Umbr 369
esono-, Umbr 11
far, Umbr 36
far, Osc 36
fesnafe, Umbr 69
furfant, Umbr 63
ftr, Osc 78
Italian
donna 261
donnola 261
stufa 382
zappo 213
mariscalco 261
Spanish
marta 261
aliso 15
ganso 126
Rumanian
tureci 423
ap
213, 340
Gaulish
alios 15
ambi 434
anam 92
avallo 21
belnion
82
geistlus 135
brca 57
brva 58
isarnodori
cnos 393
lautro
239
204
659
660
INDICES
medio
264
284
nemhton
Orbius
rda
sedlon 326
Toutonos 422
tri 220
23
295
Old Welsh
agit 11
gint 212
bronn 58
ocet 3
coit 154
coll 164
peterin
rit
din 413
dub 80
102
119
treb
426
coel
coll
cryd
cwd
ballu 227
bar 38
bedd 32
bedw 227
bela 41
bera 42
berth 42
blawd 50
blawr 49
blith 267
blydd 258
both 227
brefu 55
brwynen 58
bwch 61
bwlch 292
byd 230
bydaf 46
darn 413
deigr 399
derwen 409
dol 67
dor 80
dwnn 80
dygaf 405
cae 150
caeth 149
caseg 160
ceinach 164
celli 192
chwegr 393
clun 175
clyd 156
clywed 178
ebil
echel
elin
erw
etem
151
168
188
196
5
5
14
86
95
raeth 366
frau 363
galw 209
garan 220
garm 210
glan 135
gogof 194
gro 141
gwr 461
gwawd 469
gwayw 123
gweli 443
gwer 450
gwerth 458
gwest 459
gwlan 474
gwr 463
gwraidd 476
gwridd 473
gwst 133
gwydd 462
gwyllt 454
gwynt 454
gwystl 135
gwyw 467
had 327
haf 386
haiarn 204
hanner 386
haul 361
hebrwng 55
hebu 311
hidl 327
hoed 313
hud 313
hut 313
hwch 385
hynt 325
iaith 205
iau 207
iawn 82
ieuanc 207
kelyn 178
llaid 231
llawr 108
lledr 241
lleithen 267
pair 200
pan 198
pas 202
perth 120
pinc 103
prys 195
rhid 306
rhif 305
rhin 310
rhiw 306
rhuch(en) 308
rhwydd 295
rhwydd-hau 305
rhych 120
rhydd 114
sedd 325
seren 376
serth 375
tank 429
tro 424
troeth 425
trychu 427
tud 423
tyfu 431
udd
machteith 253
mant 276
march 261
megin 253
mellen 266
merw 277
mordwy 378
mwy 257
117
28
wy 11
ych 433
ychen 434
ymwan 474
ysgogi 332
ysgryd 344
ywen 203
Breton
a olguo 117
ahel 5
azr 279
bed 230
bz 32
bouch 61
broennenn 58
bronn 58
661
662
INDICES
carrec 164
coet 154
houarn 204
houch 385
een 82
er 25
eru 86
ilin 14
ivin 203
koll 168
fro
363
garan 220
garm 210
goa 123
goestl 135
guohi 438
gwiber 7
gwiniz 197
had 327
hent 325
heol 361
heulia 117
lagad 249
lezr 241
mao 253
ol 117
ozach 28
rin 310
rn 296
skant 338
treb
426
Old Cornish
bal 34
blodon 50
brunnen 58
caid 149
cassec 160
cuit 154
guistel
135
heuul 361
hiuin 203
hoern 204
mahtheid 253
elin 14
Cornish
bar 38
bedh 32
boch 61
has 327
hoch 385
maw 253
celli 192
nader 279
erw 86
garan 220
garm 210
gew 123
goly 443
gwyls 454
ol 117
pr 200
ymwanas 474
Old Irish
290
ad 26
adgathar 3
adbond 43
adferta 457
ed 6
aicher 4
aile 15
ainmm n 280
aircomfed 451
aiss 5
aith 28
alim 12
altae 16
altram 14
altru 14
andracht 413
anim 17
arathar 25
arsaid 113
asag 213
atbaill 227
athir 88
attu 377
u 30
bgaid 44
ball 34
barr 38
bech 46
ben 228
berid 41
bu 230
bith 230
-bu 44
blr 49
b 220
bodb 32
borb 37
both 65
brth(a)ir 57
breth 63
br 42, 63
brissim 56
br 60
bruinne 58
bruth 59
buide 291
caech 151
camm 158
can 198
canim 161
caraim 182
cass 167
cath 165
celid 168
ct 193
cethir 96
clen 174
cl 176
clas 176
cluas 178
cnim 158
coair 447
cic 98
cicer 99
cim 152
coire 200
coll 164, 168
coss 150
cotcim 421
crathar 187
cride 170
crith 188
cr 188
c 193
can 147
car 166
cucht 150
cl 347
dall 81
dega 407
deich n 404
deil 70
dem 70
dr 399
derg 71
dess 404
dt 401, 412
d 434
dabul 414
dinged 79
dnim 72
dliged 78
dligim 78
doformaig 252
domain 71
drab 73
drth 78, 411
dub 80
dn 413
ech
ed
im
o
83
101
103
203
663
664
err 25
ter 434
fith 469
fs 470
fedb 462
feis 458459
feiss 459
fith 468
fel 433
fn 439
fer 463
ferr 457
fert 476
far 467
fch 465
chim 465
d 462
ne 455, 461
fr 461
fo 432
folc 474
folt 445
forim 297
fuil 443
gabul 121
ga 123
gaibid 130
gaim 139
gairm 210
giss 126
gelid 212
gell 135
gall 135
gin 212
glan 135
glas 135
gl 136
glenaid 216
gnth 224
gnobh 219
gonim 146
grn 225
gal 223
gur 146
guss 226
guth 145
arn 204
asc 103
iath 103
imb 20, 434
imbliu 279
immrdaim 303
in 84
INDICES
inathar 87
ingen 279
inglennat 136
ingnad 224
is 86
ith 86
laigiu 241
lm 118
ln 118
land 235
lr 108
legaim 240
leigim 247
lethar 241
l 349
liaig 244
ligim 246
lim 244
liuss 233
l 108
lathar 239
loch 231
locht 232
luaidid 107
lath 107
luib 237, 249
mael 254
maidim 263
maige 266
mr 270
marc 261
matan 263
mthir 273
maug 253
mdal 268
meirb 262, 277
melim 257
menb 271
menic(c) 259
mescaim 272
m 270
mid 265
mide 264
midiur 268
mil 266
ml 270
mocht 278
min 255
moirb 264, 268
mong 260
mrecht 276
mruig 262
muintorc 260
muir 261
nathir 279
nau 289
necht 283
nit 284
nem 283
nemed 284
ni 283, 460
n 285, 289
nigid 287
nocht 280
no n 285
noridiu 306
nu 289
ne 284
ac 207
ocht n 5
en 9
eth 10
i 31
oll 13
nnurid 101
orb(b)e 22
raid 306
recht 301
rdid 305
rid 295
rad 295
riathor 306
rg 305
rigim 295, 301
rm 305
re 309
roen 296
roth 298
rad 299
rucht 308
rn 310
saer 311
saeth 313
saidid 325
sidim 319
saigid 314
saigim 360
saillim 316
sith 310
sm 360
samain 317
samlith 324
samud 317
scl 342
scaraim 338
scth 331
scathaim 336
scerdid 346
scert 335
scam 341
scath 341
scuchid 337
s 322
seche 311
secht n 321
selaim 316
sen 324
seng 394
sol 322
serg 388
sessed 323
st 325
s 329
sin 329
sine 362
sr 329
siur 395
sligim 351
slm 351
sliss 365
sluas 178
sluccim 352
smiur 353
snaighim 356
snim 356
snthe 358
socc 385
-som 317
srdim 367
srab 382
sraim 380
san 392
sgim 388
suide 360
tl 419
talam 420
taman 371
tar 421
tarb 423
t 418
tech 415
techt 377
tcht 421
techtaid 418
tengae 412
tt 420
tagaim 378
tiug 419
toess 318
tracht 424
trdenus 408
trt 381
tri 425
t 428
665
666
tath 423
tur 430
an 4
ubull 21
ud 437
INDICES
uile 16
uilenn 14
uisce 451
r 437
ussarb 375
Middle Irish
abor 1
el 7
aig 206
ailcheng 339
in 205
airim 23
arco 113
s 110
beithe 227
benn 291
bil 45
blth 50
bligim 266
bocc 61
borr 38
brc 57
brad 60
bas 293
buinne 35
cail 156
caill 192
caiss 165
cassacht 202
ceallach 168
cerb 335
cern 200
car 153
clath 177
clithar 174, 177
clocc 173
cnim 181
cn 181
coire 171
colinn 191
coll 156157
comm 193
corrn 162
cressaim 187
cr 185
crim 184
crothaim 185
cr 185
crach 185
cuire 163
daig 66
damnaim 401
dellrad 79
donn 80
dorr 405
igid 6
en 92
erc 93
fae 440
fell 466
nd 446
faid 458
fuili 443
gass 129
gat 129
gne 218
goirt 127
gaire 211
gus 133
ieith 205
laigim 240
laith 231
lem 83
laide 238
lug 250
mlicht 267
muad 278
net 287
orc 93
radaim 305
rge 305
rigin 301
sab 368
sail 315
scingim 334
screm 344
scrissid 344
seg 322
ser 376
sith 330
slacc 348
sned 180
tescaid 311
treb 426
truid 425
Irish
bolg
33
crach 189
dbocc 43, 61
snigid
355, 358
dal 398
Lithuanian
ab 52
ikus 10
ia 6
akEios 3
aks 29
aldij 14
akas 14
aksnis 15
als 16
ans 83
at 18
ntis 21
atras 21
apikratai 185
plamas 234
apvals 445
ardti 25
ari 23
ars 23
s 20
as 5
ans 3
atuon 5
tsail 313
atsains 313
ugu 29
aUlas 29
auls 29
auss 30
aur 30
avs 31
b 51
ba 82
baidti 32
bal 292
blas 44
bltas 34
bmba 291, 445
bandti 35
bras 37
bart 63
bar 37
barzd 36
bsas 40
basas 33
bbras 40
bldiu 62
begti 35
brnas 37
brnikas 37
bras 43
bezd 101
bEgu 41
bEras 43
blstu 41
brginti 42
bt 46
blkas 47
blandti 47
blands 48
blendi 47
blkti 49
blvas 50
bradn 438
bradyti 438
brauki 60
briaun 60, 293
briuti 56
bredis 55
brti 55
bruvs 60
bruzdklis 59
budEti 43
bgti 43
bkl 64
buls 65
bo 62
667
668
INDICES
btas 65
bti 44, 53
b~vis 65
dagis 404
dab 66
dgas 66
dailti 67
dangnti 68
dants 401
daUg 69
debess 283
dedervinE 405
dengi 79
drgiu 71
der 405
derv 405, 409
dinas 404
deiMtas 403
dEti 73
dEtis 72
devitas 285
devyn 285
ddis 400
dien 408
divas 408
dievers 399
deti 72
drbu 71
drginti 402
dragas 74
drAss 68
draUgas 75
dreb 409
drimb 76
dubs 71
duktE 78
dlti 81
dumpi 68
drys 80
dvlti 81
dvlika 413
da 88
dia 88
eim 83
mi 86
ngti 84
erlis 25
sti 86
e 83
eers 4
gadas
gag
gails
garns
126
122
122
220
gaubi 129
gaudi 129
gadas 134
geibst 214
geidi 134
gl 227
gmb 212
geri 228
g=st 228
gnti 294
grna 228
gvas 230
gl\t 216
glima 214
glEbiu 214215
gleMti 216
glnda 138
glits 216
glods 135
gluds 217
gnbti 218
gomurs 139
grauds 141
grauzds 144
grEbiu 139
grEbti 142
grndiu 141
gremas 143
gr\i 221
griebi 143
griej 143
grind 141
grsti 142
grblas 144
grbti 221
grubs 144
grdiu 142, 222
grumb 144
grumios 221
grodas 141
gdas 147
guldti 223
gudas 138
g~rinti 226
gurkls 228
grti 229
guMbas 146
esm 7
ekau 9
iev 203
it 434
iri 306
sEkti 311
jaU 207
jura 437
js 203, 205
jdu 208
jngas 207
js 208
kabas 163
kaMpas 158
kimas 152
kaipst 151
kaist 154
kaUkas 165166
klnas 156
kaUpas 166
kambls 158
kank 160, 194
krias 163
kari 339
krtu 195
karts 162
ks 199
kas 167
katrs 199
kaubrE 171
kuju 167
kuas 167
ka 199
kedius 170
klmas 168
kng 339
kenklE 160
kekras 194
kerm 184
ketur 96
ketvitas 96
knka 160
kliv 176
kliudaU 176
klti 175
knabti 179
kneibi 180
kniubtis 180
knbti 180
ksiu 202
kosuls 202
kt 190
kraipaU 183
kraUjas 185
krmas 344
krang 184
kratas 185
kruju 186
kraups 186
krei 185186
kregEti 187
krpas 186
kreiuti 186
krevas 183
kru 186
kla 166
kmst 118
knas 196
kopa 181
kupr 190
ku 198
kuri 195
kuts 196
kvpas 198
ligyti 233
lkt 232
laUkas 238
lmyti 234
lakas 236
lis 232
luiu 252
lvyti 239
lEkti 231
lngstu 240
legvas 241
lenki 236
lent 240
letas 241
lid 238
liudis 242
lebas 243
liek 247
liei 246
lievis 412
lgus 247
lyts 249
limp 245, 247
ls 233
lzdas 287
lpa 249
lgnas 250, 252
lgti 242, 250
loba 237
losas 236
lpti 251
lup 250
lis 250
magEti 252
mkas 253
mald 258
mal 257
mandrs 276
mrgas 268
mark 261
mart 261
maudi 264
muju 273
manas 255
maas 256
669
670
mzgas 262
mesti 258
mdis 264465
meds 265
melmu 267
mliu 266
men 259
merki 261
mrkiu 276
mEnuo 270
m= 272
miti 272
mitas 254
migl 271
mltai 275
mints 275
miti 262
mt 273
mki 278
musE 278
navas 281
ngas 279
nakts 280
naUjas 284
nars 281
naud 282
navas 284
n 283
nbesis 286
ngandas 126
ngi 283
neptE 283
nepuotis 283
ne 279
ne 289
nedti 280
nsis 281
nv 283
n~ 289
nu 286
nugas 280
obuols 21
otrs 87
pavas 91
paas 93
pgrindas 144
plas 91
prama 297
psaka 311
pastlas 379
plitas 177
pts 88
pakas 90
pantas 224
INDICES
paints 224
pd 101
pEdas 95, 103
pkus 97
pnas 99
penk 98
prdiu 101
perknas 99100
per 113
pe 96
piemn 90
piemu 90
piei 103
plnas 118
pnti 119
pin 364
prmas 116
plkiu 292
plstu 107
platas 108
plats 292
pluju 106
plukas 108
plauki 106
plnas 107
ply 107
plti 107
plkias 105
plti 108
prankti 286
prant 115
prati 111
praang 126
prtas 115
polu 91, 109
puti 109
pv 121
raids 295
rias 470
riytis 295
rkas 294
raUdas 299
rambs 308
rangs 302
rank 159
rtas 298
raud 299, 303
ruju 309
raumu 303
raupi 298
riti 295
riu 295
remi 297
rengi 472
renk 159
rEpiu 294, 307
reMti 302
riu 301
rti 297
riei 473
ried 305
rikti 295
reas 472
rip 304
rdyti 303, 306
rp 306
rov 307
rugs 308
r~kti 303
ruMbas 308
rump 303
runk 309
rstas 309
rzginti 309
sal 315
salds 316
saUsas 320
slti 323
sant 319
spnas 392
sugoti 326
sul 361
sakas 312
satas 312
sek 311, 323
semi 318
snas 324
septitas 321
septyn 321
srgiu 375
serg 388
sesu 395
sEdu 325
sEju 327
sEkla 327
sEmenys 328
-si 329
siaui 326
sidbras 328
sekiu 312
siti 330
sykis 330
sigti 326
siuv 329
skr 347
sk=st 334
skaidrs 151
skaitti 332
skal 333
skaluju 348
skalbi 348
skamb 334
skapiu 330
skar 335
skesas 171
skeli 332, 338
skrdiu 346
skiaurE 346
skybas 331
skibti 340
skediu 342
skltis 337
skiri 338
skrti 338
skremb 344
skrent 344
skriedi 344
skumb 339
skund 345
slbnas 350
slamb 349
slenk 350
slEgiu 349
slstu 351
smgens 264
smagi 353
smags 353
smugiu 354
smrdiu 353
smulks 353
smunk 354
snaigti 356
snk 357
snpas 355
snigas 355
snigas driMba 76
sngti 358
stis 360
sots 310
spr 367
spudiu 364
span 90
spens 362
spndiu 364
spEju 364
spErus 102
spEti 102
spiunu 365
spilgst 363
spiri 367
sprstu 366
spragEti 362
sprag 362, 366
sprusti 366
sprengi 366
sprgas 366
sraumu 380
st=r 372
stbaras 368
671
672
INDICES
s 172
lains 174
lkas 348
lam 175
launs 175
levas 174
lien 177
lumb 175
loju 178
ku 160
u 193
vetas 194
viei 201
taUras 423
tams 420
tnkus 421
tapaU 415
tarp 417
tarpst 417
taaU 419
taupti 422
taut 423
tek~nas 418
tmsta 420
tenk 418, 421
tep 415
t=si 421
tyl 428
tings 428
tnstu 416
tirpst 421
tranks 424
trapinEti 424
treMti 425
trias 427
tremi 425
trenki 426
tr=i 425
trek 426
tr=t 424
trediu 76
trin 426
trs 425
trob 426
trtinti 427
trtyti 427
trkstu 427
trni 425
t 428
tktantis 431
tuls 428
tumEti 431
tuomEl 270
tupi 428
tvenki 432
dra 436
kanas 459
ungurs 19
usns 436
vadas 475
vagas 448
vamas 476
vbalas 451
vdas 438
vgis 439
vaiptis 440
vairs 467
valti 444
vltis 445
vnagas 446
vandu 435, 451
vaps 438
vras 449
vsara 461
vkas 439
va 440
vesti 457
vdu 459
veiki 465
vekti 465
vesti 13
vej 441
vldu 443
veli 453
vlmi 453
vngiu 455
veri 457
vrdu 449
veri 449
verpi 476
veri 456, 471, 476
vs 462
vvers 7
ve 452
vikas 473
vids 465
vikas 440, 466
venas 205
vienulika 8
viepi 440
vlgau 453, 474
vili 466
vlius 466
vlna 474
vras 457
vras 463
vrbu 457
virs 457
vsas 13
vstu 467
vyts 464, 468
bas 208
gas 208
aizd 123
al 124
alg 124
lias 124
aMbas 209
arn 127
avEti 128
Ess 126
bi 219
etas 145
evas 131
elpoti 131
egti 125
iuna 211
diu 214
iem 139
inti 210, 218
iju 134
rnis 225
mu 146
niung 219
Latvian
apse 26
apvirde 450
asars 4
asns 3
ass 5
trs 87
Aure 29
austr 30
aUgt 29
baMba 291
bargs 37
b=rns 37
bezs 41, 62
blju 49
blaks 47
bldu 47
brudin 54
bruds 54
bala 292
bamba 445
da 408
dava 405
673
674
dedere 405
dena 408
drst 413
gads 125
gails 122
gauri 211
gbstu 208
glama 135, 214
glendt 136
glst 216
gnda 138
grauds 141
grubulis 144
gubt 224
gods 138
govs 220
gut 229
stri 84
ju 207
kans 156
klst 155
kmpju 149
krs 182
kuns 166
klUt 176
knidt 181
knudt 180
kdt 201
knis 196
lasis 232
luska 243
lekt 231
lgt 247
lubs 237
lupa 251
m?rks 261
milna 266
mitt 273
naba 279
nkt 286
nda 282
nve 283
plss 91
pasainis 329
pda 95, 103
p\rns 100
plakt 104
plauts 108
INDICES
plstu 107
pluts 109
prast 115
prts 115
pult 91, 109
rads
raids
raks
ripa
300
295
294
304
sams 156
saUle 361
sars 172
seja 341
sejs 341
srns 171
sidrabs 328
set 313
siva 173
sievs 313314
skarbs 335
skrabt 344
skraustt 221
slains 174
slps 351
slubt 175
smadzenes 264
smaugs 353
smaule 278
smite 353
snte 358
sngt 358
snegs 355
sple 365
spurstu 367
sttis 379
stps 384
strs 385
staiga 369
stvs 380
stiga 377378
strangs 380
strume 380
strumps 382
stuburs 382
stuomtis 370
stte 382
sula 320
svns 397
svars 396
svidri 390
sga 330
kEps 331
\rpt 339
\ibt 340
bs 331
\idrs 340
tuta 423
taUpt 422
teteris 422
velgans 474
velgs 453
vepris 82, 94
vrt 448
vru 447
v\s\ls 458
vibt 467
uls 443
valgans 474
vags 444, 474
valnis 444
vargs 448
zarna 127
ziju 214
zlts 145
zet 125
zobs 209
Old Prussian
abse 26
ains 9
aketes 3
alu 16
anctan 20
ane 20
angurgis 19
ansis 20
antars 21
assanis 31
auklipts 175
aulut 245
au-pallai 91, 109
auskindlai 334
awis 31
ayculo 203
balsinis 33
bebrus 40
berse 43
bitwei 45
billit 41
brti 57
braydis 55
broakay 57
buttan 65
corto 194
craysi 188
cucan 193
doacke 72
dragios 74
emnes 280
en 84
enterpo 417
et 82
gallan 227
gegalis 122
genno 228
girnoywis 228
gudde 147
instran 84
irmo 24
kaubri 171
kails 151
kalmus 168
kan 198
kargis 163
kexti 167
knaistis 138
krt 186
lasasso 232
lauxnos 242
layso 234
lindan 235
mary 261
mealde 266
menins 270
mensa 267
menso 268
moasis 256
musgeno 264
nabis 279
newnts 285
nowis 283
nozy 281
pannean 92
panno 119
pecku 97
perbandan 35
Percunis 99
pintis 99
675
676
INDICES
pirmas 116
pivamaltan 275
rpaiti
300
salme 156
sasins 164
schumeno 320
semen 328
sirablan 328
skellnts 332
spenis 362
spurglis 363
starnite 375
strambo 380
subs 320
sulo 320
swais 396
talus 420
tauto 423
trapt 424
tresde 425
wrds 475
wagnis 439
waist 441
walis 445
wargs 448
warsus 450
widdew 462
wobse 438
wolti 445
wurs 437
Slavic
*ablko 21
*agn\ 4
*agniti s\ 4
*ajce 11
*az 83
*baj 51
*balka 292
*bebr 40
*bedro 32
*belati 41
*beln 41
*bergti 42
*berg 42
*berza 43
*bditi 32
*bgti 41
*bl 44
*bs 33
*bidlo 46
*bilo 45
*bld 47
*blj 49
*bl\d 47
*bl\sti 48
*blud 43
*blditi 47
*blstati 49
*bo 51
*body 32
*bojati s\ 45
*bok 33
*bol 34
*bolzina 33
*borda 36
*boriti 37
*borno 37
*borv 38
*bos 40
*bba 445
*bratr 57
*brust 56
*broditi 438
*brodn 438
*brujati 56
*brusiti 60
*brst 59
*brzda 59
*bry 60
*brv 58
*buna 40
*bura 64
*bgati 43
*br 64
*bz 52
*bystr 65
*byti 44, 53
*byto 65
*bela 46
*brdo 63
*cap 213
*cap 340
*cliti 152
*cl 151
*emer 169
*erma 184
*ervik 185
*erz 171
*etvrt 96
*etyri 96
*i 201
*il 201
*ub 336, 346
*uj 337
*rta 170
*daviti 70, 72
*der 405
*dervn 410
*dervo 405, 409
*desn 404
*dev\t 285
*dev\t 285
*dliti 67
*dl 67
*dti 73
*dver 399
*da 66
*da 67
*do 408
*doba 66
*dobiti 66
*dobr 68
*dob 66
*dojiti 72
*doj 67
*dol 67
*dga 68
*diti 68
*drebiti 75
*dr\gati 75
*drob 73
*drozd 425
*drg 74
*droda 74
*drug 75
*drusati 76
*dub 69
*dug 69
*dux 71
*dvig 414
*dvr 80
*dkti 78
*dlg 78, 411
*dva 415
*dyb 412
*dyx 81
*dlbti 70
*dlb 70
*dn 408
*drba 412
*drgati 402
*drn 413
*drz 68
*drzk 80
*elxa 15
*esen 31
*est 86
*da 88
*dja 88
*dm 86
*dro 10, 82
*\ga 84
*\tro 84
*gaditi 138
*gajati 214
*galiti 139
*gasiti 228
*gatati 229
*gladk 135
*glaz 215
*gln 215
*glv 215
*gl\dti 136
*glibati 216
*globa 214
*globiti 215
*gluda 215
*glum 135
*glup 137
*glgati 223
*glyb 137
*glj 215
*gnet 218
*gn\do 287
*gnida 138
*goditi 138
*godovabj 145
*gogol 122
*golditi 124
*gold 124
*golgol 209
*golb 80
*gols 209
*gol 209
*gomon 125
*gord 126
*gost 127
*govti 129
*gov\do 220
*gba 146
*gs 126
*graniti 143
*gran 143
*greb()lo 139
*greb 139, 142
*gr\da 141
*grobja 139
*grob 139
677
678
*gromiti 140
*grom 139
*grono 140
*grozd 140
*grb 144
*grd 140
*grub 221
*gruda 141
*grua 40
*gub 129
*guriti s\ 226
*gvozd 227
*gbnti 129, 224
*gnati 132
*grdlo 228
*gydk 229
*xata 196
*xoldti 209
*xolk 332
*xolp 332
*xolst 332
*xomstor 158
*xrustti 221
*xvorst 195
*xmel 192
*i bo 204
*iskati 9
*iti 83
*iva 203
*jaro 206
*j\zyk 412
*ju 207
*j 203
*jgla 203
*jgo 207
*jlm 83
*jm\ 280
*jnog 8
*jn 205
*jskra 10
*kaliti 354
*kal- 354
*kana 182
*kal 202
*kavka 212
*klad 175
*klekot 173
*klen 178
*kl\knti 175
*kobz 148
*kolda 192
*kolti 155
INDICES
*kolyba 439
*komol 157
*koml 158
*kopyl 217
*korb 164
*kortk 162
*kosa 167
*kotor 199
*kotn 148
*kp 158
*krada 188
*krasiti 189
*kras 189
*kresati 403
*krpk 184
*kr\g 185
*kriv 183
*krud 186
*kroma 344
*kromiti 184
*krom 184
*krotiti 183
*krt 185
*krupa 186
*kruiti 186
*kry 185
*kryti 186
*kub 196
*kuiti 166
*kuj 167
*kuka 165166
*kupa 167
*kuriti 195
*kydati 201
*kyla 166
*lag 249
*lapa 249
*laska 237, 459
*ls 244
*lviti 245
*lxa 233
*l\da 240
*l\do 235
*l\dvje 235
*l\g 240
*lib 243
*ligati 247
*linati 246
*litva 249
*lubiti 238
*lub 241
*lud 242
*li 246
*loky 231
*lomiti 234
*lom 234
*lono 236
*lo 236
*lotiti 237
*lov 239
*liti 236
*lkati 236
*lk 236
*lt 240
*loiti 231
*lub 237
*lu 238
*luna 242
*lupiti 251
*luska 243
*lgati 242, 250
*lyko 38
*lgk 241
*lpti 245
*lpn 245
*lya 352
*majati 274
*mak 269
*mal 353
*mati 273
*ma 257
*medja 264
*med 265
*melj 257
*melvo 267
*melzti 266
*melztva 267
*merg 268
*ml 270
*mna 255
*mniti 255
*ms\c 270
*msiti 272
*mx 255
*m\ga 256
*m\so 268
*mit 273
*miati 272
*modliti 258
*modr 252
*mog 252
*mogti 252
*mogt 254
*molditi 258
*mold 258
*mol 251, 256, 258
*mora 262
*more 261
*morky 261
*morvja 268
*morv 264
*mozgar 262
*mozg 264
*mdr 276
*m 260
*muditi 264
*muxa 278
*mldni 266
*mnog 259
*mrky 277
*mx 277
*myati 278
*mysl 264
*my 278
*mgla 271
*mlz 266
*mnti 255
*mniti 255
*mnj 259
*mnj 271
*mrn 276
*mrknti 276
*mrtv 277
*mrva 277
*mzda 272
*na 286
*nag 280
*nav 283
*ne 283
*ne bo 283
*nebo 283
*nesti 279
*n 286
*ni 289
*nuxati 284
*noga 279
*nokt 280
*nos 281
*noviti 284
*nov 284
*nuditi 282
*n 289
*ny 460
*oba 52
*obs\gati 325
*obsga 318
*odr 82
*oko 29
*olbd 13
*oldja 14
*ols 14
*ol 16
*on 83
*opak 2
679
680
*orbiti 22
*orb 22
*orj 23
*ormn 85
*orm\ 24
*orl 25, 85
*osa 26, 438
*osera 4
*ost 4
*os 5
*ot 28
*ovca 31
*ozd 26
*gl 20
*gr 19
*s 17
*ty 21
*zost 19
*zk 19
*pad 101
*pa-m\t 275
*paport 94
*pariti 110
*pasm\ 95
*pergyna 100
*pna 90
*pti 318
*p\st 119
*p\t 98
*plavati 108
*plet 106
*plosk 105
*plov 106
*pluj 106
*polv 91
*pol 91
*polt 91
*ponorv 281
*porg 100
*porm 93
*pors\ 93
*porx 120
*pt 99
*pragnti 113
*prav 112
*pr\dati 366
*pr\gti 366
*prijatel 114
*prijati 114
*prok 119
*prositi 111, 113
*prost 112
*pux 117
*plniti 118
*pln 118
INDICES
*plzti 117
*pn 119, 364
*prdti 101
*pr 93
*psati 103
*pzdti 101
*raditi 303, 306
*rad 307
*rebro 300
*rekti 294
*rn 296
*rpa 306
*rpj 304
*ridati 305
*rod 300
*rog 195
*roniti 297
*rb 308
*ruda 299
*rudti 307
*rud 299
*rupa 298
*rdja 307
*rdr 308
*rv 309
*r 308
*rydati 303
*rys 250
*saditi 319
*sadja 360
*sad 360
*sedlo 326
*sedm 321
*sedlo 311
*selitva 315
*selm\ 324
*selo 316
*sern 171
*sestra 395
*sj 327
*skti 311
*sm\ 328
*smja 152
*sra 392
*sr 153, 312
*sver 347
*s\d 325
*s\dra 324
*s\gti 325
*sijati 341
*silo 313
*skala 333
*skoiti 337
*skoliti 338
*skopiti 330
*skora 335
*skreb 344
*skubti 339
*slab 350
*slovo 176
*slud 349
*slux 176
*slzk 351
*smaga 354
*smagati 353
*smd 355
*smjati s= 353
*smuga 354
*smykati 354
*smrdti 353
*snaditi 357
*sng 355
*sniti 356
*snov 358
*snxa 359
*sob 320
*soldk 316
*solma 156
*solv 316
*sol 316
*sorg 388
*sorm 163
*siti 318
*sd 340
*sk 160
*st 458
*spj 364
*spti 102
*spor 362
*ir 342
*it 341
*ur 339
*rb 335
*est 323
*est 322
*iti 329
*stado 379
*stam 379
*stariti s\ 379
*star 372
*star 379
*stati 377
*stat 379
*staviti 379
*stav 380
*stenati 374, 429
*stergti 375
*stna 369
*st\gati 375
*stignti 378
*stobor 368
*stol 379
*stopa 372
*stoer 370
*strla 381
*strig 382
*strog 380
*strumy 380
*strgati 381
*stlb 383
*strbati 375
*stza 369, 377378
*suj 340
*suiti 320
*sux 320
*svara 391
*svar 391
*svekr 393
*svekry 393
*svt 201
*sv\t 194, 394
*svigati 397
*svin 397
*svoj 396
*svorb 391
*svrbti 395
*svrdl 395
*slnce 361
*snti 393
*sn 392
*spati 392
*sto 193
*syj 319
*syn 388
*sypati 389
*syr 389
*s 172
*sc 330
*srdce 170
*srebro 328
*tajati 418
*tepl 418
*tep 415
*terti 426
*tesati 419
*teslo 419
*teterv 422
*t\k 428
*to 418
*toliti 428
*ta 421
*tp 415
*tratiti 427
*tretj 427
*trsk 426
*trije 425
*tropa 424
*tropiti 424
681
682
*trud 425
*tryti 425
*tuk 423
*tur 423
*tlo 420
*tpati 384
*ty 428
*tys\tja 431
*tlo 420
*tma 420
*trn 430
*tr 426
*trpti 421
*uj 31
*ul( j) 29
*uxo 30
*vabiti 470
*valiti 453
*val 444
*veblica 451
*vedro 452
*vekt 452
*velti 453
*vepr 82, 94
*verd 450
*vesel 458
*vesna 461
*vez 452
*v 459
*vxa 441
*vjati 460
*vk 440
*vra 461
*vst 463
*vverica 7
*va 460
*vidti 464
*viti 441
*vit 464
*voda 451
*voldti 443
*volga 453
*volt 445
*von 17
*vorg 448
*vortiti 448
INDICES
*vort 448
*vor 449
*voriti 448
*vosk 439
*voiti 439
*voziti 438
*vn 84
*vtor 21
*vyp 436
*vdova 462
*vlgk 474
*vlkodlak 463
*vlk 473
*vlna 474
*vrti 449
*vr 449
*vrtj 458
*vrx 457, 472
*vrz 456, 472, 476
*vs 13, 466
*zj 134
*zl 122
*zima 139
*znati 210, 218
*zobati 219
*zolto 145
*zol 208
*zov 128
*zb 209
*zl 124
*zrti 211
*zrno 225
*al 227
*elb 145
*eld 130
*ena 228
*est 229
*ivot 230
*iv 230
*una 211
*uriti 129
*uti 213
*dati 134
*rny 228
*r 228
NON-INDO-EUROPEAN LANGUAGES
aludi, Grg
16
ludi, Grg 16
lunnas, Finn 251