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    Roots

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    Ellah Gutierrez
    Roots have several important functions including anchoring the plant, absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, storing starch and water, and producing hormones. There are two main types of roots - taproots and adventitious roots. Taproots have a main root with smaller branch roots and are better for anchorage, while adventitious roots can form from other plant organs. The internal structure of roots consists of several zones. The root tip contains the root cap which covers and protects the underlying meristematic tissue. Behind this is the root apical meristem where cell division occurs. In the zone of cell elongation, cells expand through water uptake into their vacuoles. Further back is the zone of cell maturation where cells differentiate and

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    Roots

    Uploaded by

    Ellah Gutierrez
    6 views2 pages
    Roots have several important functions including anchoring the plant, absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, storing starch and water, and producing hormones. There are two main types of roots - taproots and adventitious roots. Taproots have a main root with smaller branch roots and are better for anchorage, while adventitious roots can form from other plant organs. The internal structure of roots consists of several zones. The root tip contains the root cap which covers and protects the underlying meristematic tissue. Behind this is the root apical meristem where cell division occurs. In the zone of cell elongation, cells expand through water uptake into their vacuoles. Further back is the zone of cell maturation where cells differentiate and

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    Roots have several important functions including anchoring the plant, absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, storing starch and water, and producing hormones. There are two main types of roots - taproots and adventitious roots. Taproots have a main root with smaller branch roots and are better for anchorage, while adventitious roots can form from other plant organs. The internal structure of roots consists of several zones. The root tip contains the root cap which covers and protects the underlying meristematic tissue. Behind this is the root apical meristem where cell division occurs. In the zone of cell elongation, cells expand through water uptake into their vacuoles. Further back is the zone of cell maturation where cells differentiate and

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    6 views2 pages

    Roots

    Uploaded by

    Ellah Gutierrez
    Roots have several important functions including anchoring the plant, absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, storing starch and water, and producing hormones. There are two main types of roots - taproots and adventitious roots. Taproots have a main root with smaller branch roots and are better for anchorage, while adventitious roots can form from other plant organs. The internal structure of roots consists of several zones. The root tip contains the root cap which covers and protects the underlying meristematic tissue. Behind this is the root apical meristem where cell division occurs. In the zone of cell elongation, cells expand through water uptake into their vacuoles. Further back is the zone of cell maturation where cells differentiate and

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    of 2

    ROOTS

    Root- descending axis, usually


    underground.
    TYPES OF ROOTS

    TAPROOT- with main root and smaller


    branch roots. Control usually the
    growth & development of roots and
    better for ANCHORAGE.
    Dicots& conifers
    Store starch and water
    same sized massive roots and
    extensive
    For absorption
    Soil binder
    ADVENTITIOUS forms on many
    organ of the plant, may grow from the
    seed or from nodes.
    PROP ROOTS- on branches
    BRACE ROOTS- on main stem
    BUTTRESS ROOTS- base of
    the trunk
    CLINGING ROOTS- on the
    surface of stems

    PRIMARY FUNCTION OF THE


    ROOTS

    Anchorage
    Storage
    Absorption
    Conduction
    Produce hormones
    gibberellins, cytokinins

    INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF THE


    ROOT
    A. ROOTS TIP- cells at the tip
    of the root.
    a. Root cap- covers the
    root & meristematic.
    b. Columella- columnar
    cells ,5-30 amylopast
    responsive to gravity,

    SENSE LIGHT AND


    PRESSURE by soil
    particle.
    c. Peripheral cellmeristematic , push the
    columella to the side.
    d. Secrete MUCIGELpolysaccharides, organic
    acid, sugars, vitamins,
    enzymes.
    a) Protection
    b) Lubrication
    c) Water absorption
    d) Nutrient
    absorption
    carboxy better ion
    intake.
    e) Establish
    symbiosis
    B. ROOT APICAL MERISTEM
    a. Quiescent center
    behind root cap 500
    -1000 inactive cells.
    Reservoir to replace
    damage cells. Organize
    pattern of primary
    growth in roots
    b. Zone of Divisiondense cytoplasm.
    Meristematic, apical
    meristem here is sub
    terminal due to root cap.
    c. Zone of Cellular
    Elongation- 4- 10mm
    behind the root apical
    meristem. Cells
    elongated by filling their
    vacuole with water. Cells
    are quite permeable

    deep into roots by


    appoplast diffusion.
    d. Zone of Cellular
    Maturation- 1-5 cm
    behind the root tip. Cell
    differentiate. Elongated
    by filling their vacuole
    water.
    Behind zone of
    nmutation. Consist
    1 cell rick no cutin,
    covers root expect

    root cap from the


    protodeerm Sob of
    maturation.

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