(Xaydung360 VN) Thuyetminh

n K Thut Thi Cng I
Nguyn Vn Mu _ Lp 48XD4
Phn I
Khi qut v cng trnh
I.1) Kin Trc :
Cng trnh bao gm 5 tng , 4 nhp v 17 b-c .
Tng chiu di : Ltng = 3.3 x 17 = 56.1 (m)
Tng chiu rng : Btng = 2 x ( 5.8 + 4.7 ) = 21 (m)
Tng chiu cao H ca cng trnh tnh t ct 0.00 m
H = H1 + H2-4 +Hm = 3.8 + 3x3.2 +3.2 = 16.6 (m)
+) Nhp nh :
Nhp bin : L1= 5.8 m
Nhp gia : L2= 4.7 m
+) Kch th-c cc loi dm :
Chn kch th-c dm tho mn iu kin sau :
hdp= ldp/ 12 ;
hdc= ldc/ 10
T ta c kch th-c dm nh- sau :
Dm chnh : LdmMax = 5.8 m
hdc= ldc/ 10 = 5.8/10 = 0.58 m 0.6 m = 60 cm
chn hD1= 60 cm
Kch th-c dm D1b , D1g l : b x h = 25 x 60 cm
Dm ph D2 v D3 c ldp= 3.3 m
hdp= ldp/ 12 = 3.3 / 12 = 0.275 (m)
Chn kch th-c dm ph D2 v D3 l : b x h = 20 x 30 cm
Dm mi : Dmi : b x h = 20 x 50 cm
+) Kch th-c ct :
Ct C 1
Ct C 2
Tng 4_5
Tng 2_3
Tng 1
Tng 4_5
Tng 2_3
Tng 1
:
:
:
:
:
:
+) Chiu di ct :
Tng 1 : Ht1= H1+ t = 3.8 + 0.3 = 4.1 m
Tng 2_5 : Ht2-t5 = 3.2 m
B-c ct B = 3.3 m
+) Sn :
Chiu dy sn cc tng : s = 12 cm
Trang1
25 x 25 cm
25 x 30 cm
25 x 35 cm
25 x 30 cm
25 x 35 cm
25 x 40 cm
n K Thut Thi Cng I
mi = 10 cm
+) Kch th-c mng :

Mng c dng hnh ch nht ( a x b ) c chiu cao :h = 2 x t =2 x 0.3=0.6 m
Git theo hai cp vi kch th-c bc d-i l :
Mng A, E : a x b = 1.4 x 2.2 m
Mng B,C,D: a x b = 1.4 x 2.5 m
I.2) Kt cu :
y l khung b tng ct thp ton khi . Dm sn b tng kt hp

Mng -c kt cu dng mng n , lin kt ngm vi ct
Khi l-ng ct thp trong b tng chim = 1.5 %
[] g = 110 kG/ cm2
g = 600 kG/cm2
I.3) iu kin thi cng :
Thi cng vo ma h .
Nhn cng khng hn ch .
Cng trnh thi cng trn mt bng thong , khng b hn ch v mt bng
Cng trnh nm ven .
Ngun n-c ly t ngun n-c thnh ph .
Ngun in ly t mng l-i in thnh ph .
My mc thi cng -c tu chn sao cho ph hp vi cng trnh .
Thi gian thi cng khng hn ch .
V tt c cc iu kin v vt liu , v cc iu kin khc u -c p ng theo yu
cu ca cng trnh .
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E
D3
D1b
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D3
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D1b
5800
D
D1g
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D3
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D1g
D3
D3
D1g
D3
D1g
D3
D1g
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4700
D1g
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D1g
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4700
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D3
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D3
5800
21000
3300 3300 3300 3300 3300

56100
3300 3300 3300 3300 3300
D1b
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D1b
D1b
D1b
D1b
D1b
D1b
D2
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D2
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D2
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
C1
D3
C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2 D2 C 2
D1g
D3
D1g
D3
D3
D1b
n K Thut Thi Cng I

A
18
17
16
15
14
13
6
5
4
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T1
250
T2
250
T3
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
3200 3200 3200 3200 3800

16600
1400 1400 1400 1400 1400

3300 3300 3300 3300
325
250
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
C2
300
300
1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400

3300 3300 3300 3300 3300
56100
325
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
T4
250
300
120
250
C2
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
T5
250
300
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
250
Dm
Dm
Dm
Dm
100
Dm
Dm
Dm
Dm
Dm
Dm
300
250
Dm
A-A
-0.90
+0.00
n K Thut Thi Cng I

18
17
16
15
14
6
5
n K Thut Thi Cng I
600
500
D1g
D2
600
600
D1b
300
600
500
400
350
700
250
350 D1b
300
600
120
500
D1g
350
400
350
D1b
250
D3
D1b
400
350
700
350
300
300
350
375
550
D3
D1g
Dm
300
D1b
2200
120
D2
350
300
500
350
300
D1g
300
120
600
300
D1b
D1g
Dm
500
350
D1b
600
300
300
D1g
D1b
250
Dm
120
120
120
300
120
600
300
120
Dm
250
600
3800 3200 3200 3200 3200
16600
600
100
B-B
2500
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2500
2200
5800
4700
4700
5800
21000
+0.00
-0.90
Phn II
Thit k vn khun bng g
II.1 ) Thit k vn khun sn :
II.1.1) Ph-ng php tnh ton :
m , B = 3.3 m
ton .
Tch 1 sn in hnh ra tnh ton , y ta tch sn thuc nhp L1 = 5.8

T sn ny ta ct ra mt di sn in hnh c b rng bng b =1m tnh
S tnh xem vn sn nh- l 1 dm lin tc , gi l cc x g .
Trang5
1000
n K Thut Thi Cng I
D3
D2
l
D2
l
II.1.2) Xc nh ti trng tc dng ln vn khun sn :

II.1.2.1) Tnh ti :
Trng l-ng b tng mi :
qtc1 = s x bt x b
trong :
s : Chiu dy lp b tng sn = 12 cm = 0.12 m
bt : Trng l-ng ring ca b tng = 2.5 T/m3
b : Di chiu rng ca sn = 1 m
qtc1 = s x bt x b = 0.12 x 2.5 x 1 = 0.3 (T/m)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 0.3 x 1.2 = 0.36 (T/m)
Trng l-ng ct thp l :
qtc2 = s x ct x b x = 0.12 x 0.015 x 1 x 7.850) 0.016 (T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.016 x 1.2 = 0.0192 (T/m)
Trng l-ng bn thn vn khun :
qtc3= v x g x b
v : Chiu dy vn khun g = 3 cm = 0.03 m
g : Trng l-ng ring ca g = 600 (KG/m3) = 0.6 (T/m3)
qtc3= v x g x b = 0.03 x 0.6 x 1 = 0.018 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.018 x 1.1 = 0.0198 (T/m) 0.02 (T/m)
Kt lun : Tnh ti tc dng ln vn sn l
qtctt = qtc1 + qtc2 + qtc3 = 0.016 + 0.3 +0.018 = 0.334 (T/m)
qtttt = qtt1 + qtt2 + qtt3 = 0.0192 + 0.36 + 0.02 = 0.3992 0.4 (T/m)
II.1.2.2) Hot ti :
Hot ti do ng-i v ph-ng tin di chuyn trn sn : b = 1 m
qtc4 = 0.25 (T/m)
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n K Thut Thi Cng I
qtt4 = qtc4 x n = 0.25 x 1.3 = 0.325 (T/m)

Hot ti do m bn , m di vi di = 50 mm , b = 1m
qtc5 = 0.2(T/m)
qtt5 = qtc5 x n = 0.2 x 1.3 = 0.26 (T/m)
Hot ti do b tng bng my bm b tng , b = 1m
qtc6 = 0.4 (T/m)
qtt6 = qtc6 x n =0.4 x 1.3 = 0.52 (T/m)
Kt lun : Hot ti tc dng ln vn sn l :
qtcht = qtc4+ qtc5 + qtc6 = 0.25 + 0.2 + 0.4 = 0.85 (T/m)
qttht = qtt4+ qtt5 + qtt6 = 0.325 + 0.26 + 0.52 = 1.105 (T/m)
Vy ta c tng ti trng tc dng ln sn l :
qtc = qtctt + qtcht = 0.334 + 0.85 =1.184 (T/m)
qtt = qtttt + qttht = 0.4 + 1.105 = 1.505 (T/m) .
II.1.3) Tnh ton khong cch gia cc x g :

II.1.3.1) Theo iu kin bn :
Ta c :
= Mmax/ W []
Trong :
q tt xl 2 1.505xl 2
(T.m)
10
10
W : M men chng un = (b x 2g )/6 = (1 x 0.032)/6 = 1.5x10-4 (m3).
[] = 1100 (T/m2)
1.505xl 2
1100
=
10x1.5 x10 4
1100x10x1.5 x104
2
1.096
l
1.505
l 1.05 (m)
Vy m bo iu kin bn th l 1.05 m
Mmax= (q x l 2)/10 =
II.1.3.2) Theo iu kin n nh :

Kim tra theo cng thc
q tc xl 4
l
f
f
128EJ
400
Trong :
E = 106 (T/m2)
b x 3 1x0.033
225x108 (m4)
J=
12
12
q tc xl 4
1.184xl 4
l
f
6
8
128EJ 128x10 x 225x10
400
3
l 0.6081
l 0.847 (m)
Trang7
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Vy m bo iu kin n nh th : l 0.847 m
Kt lun : m bo iu kin bn v iu kin n nh ca vn khun sn => khong cch ca
cc x g l : l 0.7 m . B tr x g theo ph-ng song song vi dm ph .
Chiu di x g l :
l xg B bdc 2x vtdc 2x h 3.3 0.25 2x0.03 2 x0.05 2.89(m) 2.9m
Trong :
lxg
B
bdc
vtdc
h
:
:
:
:
:
chiu di ca x g
b-c ct = 3.3 m
b rng ca dm chnh : = 0.25 m
l b dy ca vn thnh dm chnh = 0.03 m
khong h gia x g v dm chnh
Mc ch ca vic chn cch b tr ca x g song song vi dm ph l :

Chiu di ca g ngn , do x g khng cn phi ni thm .
Trong qu trnh thi cng th cng nhn vn chuyn lp dng d dng hn .
D lun chuyn x g v b-c ct ca nh l khng i l 3.3 m do
chiu di ca x g l ch c mt kch th-c nht nh .
D2
300 700 700 700 300
2900
D1b
D3
II.1.3.3 ) Tnh ton v kim tra x g :
Chiu di ca x g l : lxg = 2.9 m
Chn x g tit din : 10 x10 cm
Trang8
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Ti trng tc dng ln x g ging ti trng tc dng ln vn sn

Din chu ti ca x g nh- hnh v :
700
D3
D2
D1b
Tnh ti gm :
Trng l-ng ca b tng mi :
qtc1 = s x bt x l = 0.12 x 2.5 x 0.7 = 0.21 (T/m)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 0.21 x 1.2 = 0.252 (T/m)
Trng l-ng ca ct thp :
qtc2 = s x ct x l x = 0.12 x 0.015 x 0.7 x 7.850 = 0.011025(T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.011025 x 1.2 = 0.01323 (T/m)
Trng l-ng ca x g :
qtc3= v x g x l = 0.03 x 0.6 x 0.7 = 0.0126 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.0126 x 1.1 = 0.01386 (T/m) 0.014 (T/m)
Kt lun : Tnh ti tc dng ln x g l
qtctt = qtc1 + qtc2 + qtc3 = 0.21 + 0.011025 +0.0126 0.234 (T/m)
qtttt = qtt1 + qtt2 + qtt3 = 0.252 + 0.01323 + 0.014 0.28 (T/m)
Hot ti gm :
Hot ti do ng-i v ph-ng tin di chuyn trn sn : l = 0.7 m
qtc4 = 0.25 x 0.7 =0.175(T/m)
qtt4 = qtc4 x n = 0.175 x 1.3 = 0.2275 (T/m)
Hot ti do m bn , m di vi di = 50 mm , l = 0.7 m
qtc5 = 0.2 x 0.7 = 0.14 (T/m)
qtt5 = qtc5 x n = 0.14 x 1.3 = 0.182 (T/m)
Hot ti do b tng bng my bm b tng , l = 0.7m
qtc6 = 0.4 x 0.7 = 0.28 (T/m)
qtt6 = qtc6 x n =0.28 x 1.3 = 0.364 (T/m)
Kt lun : Hot ti tc dng ln x g l :
Trang9
n K Thut Thi Cng I
qttht = qtt4+ qtt5 + qtt6 = 0.2275 + 0.182 + 0.364 = 0.7735 (T/m) 0.774 (T/m).
Vy ta c tng ti trng tc dng ln x g l :
II.1.3.4 ) Tnh ton khong cch ct chng x g :

II.1.3.4.1 ) Tnh ton khong cch ct chng x g theo c-ng :
Cng thc M max / W
M M max
q tt xl 2
10x xW
xW l
10
q tt
0
bxh2 0.1x0.12
1.67 x10 4 (m 3 )
6
6
qtt= qtt x 0.9 = 1.054 x 0.9 = 0.9486
W
Ta nhn vi h s 0.9 l do cc tr-ng hp hot ti l khng xy ra ng thi cng lc

Thay vo, ta c:
l
10x1100x1.67 x10 4
1.4(m)
0.9486
II.1.3.4.1 ) Tnh ton khong cch ct chng x g theo iu kin vng cho php
l
f
400
vng ln nht ca vn khun sn -c tnh theo cng thc:
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
qtc= qtc x 0.829 = 0.829 x 0.9 = 0.746
E 106 (T / m 2 )
iu kin f
Trong
bh3 0.1 0.13
8.33 106 (m 4 )
12
12
Theo iu kin trn ta c:
128EJ
128x106 x8.33x10 6
3
l3
1.52(m)
400x0.746
400q tc
Vy m bo cho x g lm vic ng thit k th ta chn khong cch gia cc ct chng l
1.0 m. B tr nh- hnh v .
J
Trang10
n K Thut Thi Cng I
450 1000
1000 450
x g
ct chng
II.1.3.5 ) Chn v kim tra n nh ct trng ca x g :
Dng ct chng bng g
Chn s b tit din ca ct l : 0.1 x 0.1m
kim tra ct chng, th ta xt ct chng nh- 1 cu kin chu nn ng tm vi
lin kt khp 2 u.
3450
x g
1000
ct chng
Chiu di tnh ton ca ct chng: l0=l

Ta c:
l = Ht - s - v - hxg - hn
Trong :
H t 3.8m
s 0.12m
vs 0.03m l 3.45(cm)
hxg 0.1cm
hn 0.1cm
c tr-ng hnh hc ca ct chng:
bh3 0.1x0.13
J
8.33x106 (m 4 )
12
12
Trang11
n K Thut Thi Cng I
J
8.33x10 6
2.886x10 2
F
10 2
mnh ca thanh:
l
3.45
0
119.8 75
r 0.0288
Vy cng thc tnh n nh ca thanh l:
3100 3100
2
0.216
119.8 2
Kim tra n nh ca ct :
N
g
F
Trong :
N : lc dc = qtt x l = 1.054 x 1 = 1.054 (T)
ng sut sinh ra trong ct:
N
1.054
488(T / m 2 ) g 1100(T / m 2 )
F 0.216x10 2
Kt lun: Vy bn v n nh ca ct chng u t yu cu thit k.
Tit din ct chng l : 0.1 x 0.1m
r
II.2) Thit k vn khun dm :

II.2.1 ) Thit k vn khun dm chnh D1b, D1g :
40
490
30
600
120
Tit din ca dm chnh : b x h = 0.25 x 0.6 m

Vn thnh dy : vt = 0.03 m
Vn y dm dy : v = 0.04 m
30 250 30
II.2.1.1 ) Thit k vn y chu lc :
II.2.1.1.1 ) Ti trng tc dng :
Tnh ti gm :
Trang12
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Do trng l-ng b tng mi :

qtc1 = b x h x bt = 0.25 x 0.6 x2.5 = 0.375 (T/m)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 0.375 x 1.2 = 0.45 (T/m)
qtc2 = b x h x ct x = 0.25 x 0.6 x 7.850 x 0.015 = 0.0197(T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.0197 x 1.2 = 0.02364 (T/m)
Trng l-ng ca vn y v vn thnh :
tc
q 3= (v x b +vt x bvt) x g = ( 0.04 x 0.25 + 0.03 x 0.49) x 0.49 = 0.0077 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.0077 x 1.1 = 0.0085 (T/m)
Kt lun : Tnh ti tc dng ln vn khun y l :
qtctt = qtc1 + qtc2 + qtc3 = 0.375 + 0.0197 +0.0077 = 0.4024 (T/m) 0.4 (T/m)
Hot ti gm :
Hot ti do m bn , m di vi di = 50 mm
qtc4 = 0.2 x 0.25 = 0.05 (T/m)
qtt4 = qtc5 x n = 0.05 x 1.3 = 0.065 (T/m)
Hot ti do b tng bng my bm b tng
qtc5 = 0.4 x 0.25 = 0.1 (T/m)
qtt5 = qtc5 x n =0.1 x 1.3 = 0.13 (T/m)
Kt lun : Hot ti tc dng ln vn y dm chnh l :
qtcht = qtc4+ qtc5 = 0.05 + 0.1 = 0.15 (T/m)
qttht = qtt4+ qtt5 = 0.065 + 0.13 = 0.195(T/m) 0.2 (T/m).
Vy ta c tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y dm chnh l :
qtc = qtctt + qtcht = 0.4+ 0.15 =0.55 (T/m)
II.2.1.1.2 ) Tnh khong cch gia cc ct chng

Theo bn ca vn y
Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
bh 2 0.25x0.042
6.67 x105 (m 3 )
6
6
Thay vo, ta c:
W
10 x1100x6.67 x10 5
l
1.024(m)
0.7
Trang13
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Vy theo iu kin bn ca vn y th l 1.024 m

Theo iu kin n nh ca vn y :
l
f
iu kin f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
0.25x0.043
J
1.33x106 (m 4 )
12
E = 106 (T/m2)
128EJ 3 128x106 x1.33x10 6
l
0.918(m)
400x0.55
400q tc
3
Vy theo iu kin n nh vn y th l 0.918 m

B tr ct chng :
Nhp bin L1=5.8 m
Chiu di vn khun dm chnh nhp L1 l :
Ldc1 = L1 - hc1/2 - hc2/2 = 5.8 - 0.35/2 - 0.4/2 = 5.425 m
Chn 6 ct chng , khong cch gia chng l 0.9 m nh- hnh v .
ct
460
900
900
900
900
900
ct
460
5800
B
Nhp gia L2=4.7 m
Ldc2 = L2 - 2 x hc2/2 = 4.7 - 2 x 0.4/2 = 4.3 m
ct
350
900
900
900
900
ct
350
4700
II.2.1.1. 3) Chn v tnh ton n nh ca ct chng .

Dng ct chng bng g
Trang14
n K Thut Thi Cng I
3060
kim tra ct chng, th ta xt ct chng nh- 1 cu kin chu nn ng tm vi

lin kt khp 2 u.
vn y
900
ct chng
Chiu di tnh ton ca ct chng:

Ta c:
l0=l
l = Ht - v - hdc - hn
Trong :
H t 3 .8 m
vd 0.04m
l 3.06(m)
hdc 0.6m
hn 0.1m
bh3 0.08x0.083
J
3.41x106 (m 4 )
12
12
J
3.41x10 6
r
2.31x10 2
2
F
0.64x10
mnh ca thanh:
l
3.06
0
132.6 75
r 0.0231
3100 3100
2
0.1764
132.6 2
N
g
F
Trong :
N : lc dc = qtt x l = 0.7 x 0.9 = 0.63 (T)
Trang15
n K Thut Thi Cng I

N
0.63
559(T / m 2 ) g 1100(T / m 2 )
2
F 0.176x0.64x10
II.2.1.2 ) Thit k vn thnh dm chnh:

II.2.1.2.1 ) Ti trng tc dng ln vn khun thnh :
Vn thnh chu lc tc dng khi b tng v m b tng . Coi vn khun thnh l 1 dm
lin tc v c cc gi ta l cc s-n (np ng) .
Tnh ti p lc y ngang ca va b tng :
q1tc = bt x hdc x 0.75 x 1= 2.5 x 0.6 x 0.75 x1= 1.125 (T/m)
q1tt = n x bt x hdc x 0.75 x 1= 1.3 x 2.5 x 0.6 x 0.75 x1= 1.4625 (T/m)
Hot ti do v m b tng , m di 50 mm
qtc2 = 0.4 x 0.49 = 0.196(T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.196 x 1.3 =0.255(T/m)
Vy tng ti trng tc dng ln vn thnh l :
qtc = qtc1 + qtc2 = 1.125 + 0.196 = 1.321 (T/m) 1.32 (T/m)
qtt = qtt1 + qtt2 = 1.4625 + 0.255 = 1.7175(T/m) 1.72 (T/m)
c tr-ng tit din ca vn thnh dm chnh.
bxh3 0.49x0.033
J
1.1x106 (m 4 )
12
12
2
bxh
0.49x0.032
W
7.35x105 (m 3 )
6
6
II.2.1.2.2 ) Kim tra theo iu kin bn ca vn thnh l :

Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
Thay vo, ta c:
l
10 x1100x7.35x10 5
0.68(m)
1.72
Vy theo iu kin bn ca vn thnh th khong cch ca cc np dc l l0.68m
Trang16
n K Thut Thi Cng I
II.2.1.2.3 ) Kim tra theo iu kin n nh ca vn thnh l :

l
f
400
vng ln nht ca vn khun thnh -c tnh theo cng thc:
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
iu kin f
E = 106 (T/m2)
l3
128EJ 3 128x106 x1.1x10 6
0.644(m)
400x1.32
400q tc
Vy theo iu kin n nh vn thnh th khong cch ca cc np dc l 0.644 m

Kt lun : Vy khong cch ca cc np dc khng v-t qu : 0.644 m .
II.2.1.2.4 ) Chn v b tr cc np dc :
Nhp bin L1=5.8 m
Ldc1 = L1 - hc1/2 - hc2/2 - 2 x vct= 5.8 - 0.35/2 - 0.4/2 - 2x 0.03= 5.365 m
Chn 9 np, khong cch gia chng l 0.6 m nh- hnh v .
A
ct C1
5800
340
620
600
600
600
ct C2
340
Nhp gia L2=4.7 m

Ldc2 = L2 - 2 x hc2/2 - 2 x vct= 4.7 - 2 x 0.4/2 - 2x 0.03= 4.24 m
Chn 7 np dc , khong cch gia chng l 0.6 m nh- hnh v .
4700
350
620
600
600
156
1356
600
350
ct C2
ct C2
Trang17
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Dm ph
5
4
3
2
1
9 10
8
7
18
11
12
13
Ghi ch
1: Vn y dm chnh
2: Vn thnh dm chnh
3:Sun VK thnh dm
4:Thanh i
5:Np dc x g
6:Vn dim
7:Cc np dc nh v Vk dm
chnh
8: X g VK sn
9:Cc lin kt cc tm VK sn
to thnh tm ln
10:VK sn
11:Thanh ging khng gian
12: Con b k thanh ging khng
gian
13:Thanh cht
14:Ct chng dm chnh
15:Ct chng VK sn
16:Nm
17 :Bn
18 : Cc con b lin kt cc
thanh ct chng dm
14
15
16
17
580
580
II.2.2 ) Thit k vn khun dm ph D2 ,D3:

Tit din ca dm ph : b x h = 0.20 x 0.30 m
Vn y dm dy : v = 0.04 m
Trang18
190
40
30
300
120
n K Thut Thi Cng I
30
200
30

Tnh ti gm :

qtc1 = b x h x bt = 0.2 x 0.3 x2.5 = 0.15 (T/m)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 0.15 x 1.2 = 0.18 (T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.0079 x 1.2 = 0.0095 (T/m)
qtc3= (v x b +vt x bvt) x g = ( 0.04 x 0.2 + 0.03 x 0.19) x 0.19 = 0.0026 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.0026 x 1.1 = 0.0029 (T/m)
qtttt = qtt1 + qtt2 + qtt3 = 0.18 + 0.0095 + 0.0029 = 0.192 (T/m)
Hot ti gm :
qtc4 = 0.2 x 0.2 = 0.04 (T/m)
qtt4 = qtc5 x n = 0.04 x 1.3 = 0.062 (T/m)
qtc5 = 0.4 x 0.2 = 0.08 (T/m)
qtt5 = qtc5 x n =0.08 x 1.3 = 0.104 (T/m)
Kt lun : Hot ti tc dng ln vn y dm ph l :
qtcht = qtc4+ qtc5 = 0.04 + 0.08 = 0.12 (T/m)
Vy ta c tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y dm ph l :
Trang19
n K Thut Thi Cng I
qtt = qtttt + qttht = 0.192 + 0.17 = 0.362 (T/m)
II.2.1.1.2 ) Tnh khong cch gia cc ct chng:

Theo bn ca vn y
Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
bh 2 0.2 x0.042
5.33x105 (m 3 )
6
6
Thay vo, ta c:
W
10x1100x5.33x10 5
1.27(m)
0.362
l
l
f
iu kin f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
3
0.2 x0.04
J
1.067x106 (m 4 )
12
E = 106 (T/m2)
128EJ 3 128x106 x1.067x10 6
l3
1.067(m)
400x0.281
400q tc
B tr ct chng :
Chiu di vn khun dm ph L = 3.3 ml :
L = L - 2 x bdc/2 - 2 x vtdc= 3.3 - 2 x 0.25/2 - 2x 0.03= 2.99 m
1
495
1000
1000
495
Dm chnh
30
Dm chnh
II.2.2.1.3) Chn v tnh ton n nh ca ct chng .
Trang20
n K Thut Thi Cng I
3360
Dng ct chng bng g

kim tra ct chng, th ta xt ct chng nh- 1 cu kin chu nn ng tm vi lin kt
khp 2 u.
vn y
1000
ct chng

l0=l
Ta c:
Trong :
H t 3 .8 m
vd 0.04m
l 3.36(m)
hdc 0.3m
hn 0.1m
bh3 0.08x0.083
J
3.41x106 (m 4 )
12
12
J
3.41x10 6
2.31x10 2
F
0.64x10 2
mnh ca thanh:
l
3.36
0
145.45 75
r 0.0231
3100
3100
2
0.1465
145.452
N
g
F
Trong :
N : lc dc = qtt x l = 0.362 x 1 = 0.362 (T)
r
Trang21
n K Thut Thi Cng I
N
0.362
386(T / m 2 ) g 1100(T / m 2 )
2
F 0.1465x0.64x10

II.2.2.2 ) Thit k vn thnh dm ph:

II.2.2.2.1 ) Ti trng tc dng ln vn khun thnh :
Vn thnh chu lc tc dng khi b tng v m b tng . Coi vn khun thnh l 1 dm lin
tc v c cc gi ta l cc s-n (np ng) .
qtc2 = 0.4 x 0.19 =0.076(T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.076 x 1.3 =0.0988(T/m)
qtc = qtc1 + qtc2 = 0.5625 + 0.076 = 0.6385 (T/m) 0.64 (T/m)
qtt = qtt1 + qtt2 = 0.73125 + 0.0988 = 0.83005(T/m) 0.83 (T/m)
bxh3 0.19x0.033
4.3x107 (m 4 )
12
12
2
bxh
0.19x0.032
W
2.85x105 (m 3 )
6
6

Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
Thay vo, ta c:
10x1100x 2.85x10 5
l
0.614(m)
0.83
Trang22
n K Thut Thi Cng I
II.2.2.2.3) Kim tra theo iu kin n nh ca vn thnh l :

l
f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
iu kin f
E = 106 (T/m2)
l3
128EJ 3 128x106 x 4.3 x107
0.60(m)
400q tc
400x0.64

B tr ct chng :
Chiu di vn thnh dm ph L = 3.3 m l :
L = L - 2 x bdc/2 - 2 x vtdc= 3.3 - 2 x 0.25/2 - 2x 0.03= 2.99 m
2
3300
295
600
600
600
600
295
30
30
Trang23
n K Thut Thi Cng I
4
3
1
7
5
6
8
2
9
10
Dm chnh
Ghi ch
11
12
1: Vn y dm ph
2: Vn thnh dm ph
3:Sun VK thnh dm ph
4:Cc np dc nh v Vk
dm ph v k VK sn
5: Vn khun sn
6:Cc lin kt cc tm VK
sn to thnh tm ln
7:X g VK sn
8:Lin kt x g sn v
ct chng
9: Con b lin kt cc
thanh ct chng dm
10:Thanh cht
11:Ct chng x g VK
sn
12:Thanh ging khng
gian
13:Ct chng Dm ph
14:Nm
15 :Bn
13
14
15
500
500
II.2.3 ) Thit k vn khun dm mi :
40
370
30
100
Tit din ca dm mi : b x h = 0.25 x 0.50 m

Vn y dm dy : v = 0.04 m
500
30 250 30
Trang24
n K Thut Thi Cng I

Tnh ti gm :

qtc1 = b x h x bt = 0.25 x 0.5 x2.5 = 0.3125 (T/m)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 0.3125 x 1.2 = 0.375 (T/m)

q = qtc2 x n = 0.0164 x 1.2 = 0.0197 (T/m)
tt
2

qtc3= (v x b +vt x bvt) x g = ( 0.04 x 0.25 + 0.03 x 0.37) x 0.37 = 0.0078 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.0078 x 1.1 = 0.0086 (T/m)
Hot ti gm :
qtc4 = 0.2 x 0.25 = 0.05 (T/m)
qtt4 = qtc5 x n = 0.05 x 1.3 = 0.065 (T/m)
qtc5 = 0.4 x 0.25 = 0.1 (T/m)
qtt5 = qtc5 x n =0.1 x 1.3 = 0.13 (T/m)
Kt lun : Hot ti tc dng ln vn y dm ph l :
qtcht = qtc4+ qtc5 = 0.05 + 0.1 = 0.15 (T/m)
Vy ta c tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y dm ph l :
Trang25
n K Thut Thi Cng I
II.2.3.1.2 ) Tnh khong cch gia cc ct chng:

Theo bn ca vn y
Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
bh 2 0.25x0.042
6.67 x105 (m 3 )
6
6
Thay vo, ta c:
W
10x1100x6.67 x10 5
1.11(m)
0.6

l
f
iu kin f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
3
0.25x0.04
J
1.33x106 (m 4 )
12
E = 106 (T/m2)
128EJ 3 128x106 x1.33x10 6
l3
0.96(m)
400x0.487
400q tc

B tr ct chng :
Chn v b tr ct chng ging nh- dm chnh ca cc tng khc vi khong cch l 0.9 m .
ct
460
900
900
ct
460
5800
II.2.3.1. 3) Chn v tnh ton n nh ca ct chng .

Dng ct chng bng g
Trang26
n K Thut Thi Cng I
kim tra ct chng, th ta xt ct chng nh- 1 cu kin chu nn ng tm

vi lin kt khp 2 u.
x g
2560
900
ct chng

l0=l
Ta c:
Trong :
H t 3 .2 m
vd 0.04m
l 2.56(m)
hdc 0.5m
hn 0.1m
bh3 0.08x0.083
J
3.41x106 (m 4 )
12
12
r
3.41x10 6
2.31x10 2
2
0.64x10
mnh ca thanh:
l
2.56
0
111 75
r 0.0231
3100 3100
2
0.252
1112
N
g
F
Trong :
N : lc dc = qtt x l = 0.6 x 0.9 = 0.54 (T)
N
0.54
334(T / m 2 ) g 1100(T / m 2 )
2
F 0.252x0.64x10
Trang27
n K Thut Thi Cng I
II.2.3.2 ) Thit k vn thnh dm mi:

II.2.3.2.1 ) Ti trng tc dng ln vn khun thnh dm mi :
Vn thnh chu lc tc dng khi b tng v m b tng . Coi vn khun thnh l 1 dm lin
tc v c cc gi ta l cc s-n (np ng) .
qtc2 = 0.4 x 0.37 =0.148(T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.148 x 1.3 =0.178(T/m)
qtc = qtc1 + qtc2 = 0.9375 + 0.148 =1.0855 (T/m) 1.1 (T/m)
qtt = qtt1 + qtt2 = 1.22 + 0.178 = 1.398 (T/m) 1.4 (T/m)
bxh3 0.41x0.033
9.225x10 7 (m 4 )
12
12
2
bxh
0.41x0.032
W
6.15x105 (m 3 )
6
6

Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
Thay vo, ta c:
10x1100x6.15x10 5
l
0.695(m)
1.4
II.2.3.2.3 ) Kim tra theo iu kin n nh ca vn thnh l :

l
f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
iu kin f
Trang28
n K Thut Thi Cng I
E = 106 (T/m2)
l3
128EJ 3 128x10 x9.225x10 7
0.646(m)
400x1.1
400q tc
6

Chn v b tr cc np dc ging nh- i vi cc vn thnh dm chnh ca cc tng khc , vi
khong cch l 0.6 m .
Trang29
n K Thut Thi Cng I
6
Dm ph
5
4
3
2
1
9 10
8
7
18
11
12
13
Ghi ch
1: Vn y dm mi
2: Vn thnh dm mi
3:Sun VK thnh dm
4:Thanh i
5:Np dc x g
6:Vn dim
7:Cc np dc nh v Vk dm
mi
8: X g VK sn
9:Cc lin kt cc tm VK sn
to thnh tm ln
10:VK sn
11:Thanh ging khng gian
12: Con b k thanh ging khng
gian
13:Thanh cht
14:Ct chng dm mi
15:Ct chng VK sn
16:Nm
17 :Bn
18 : Cc con b lin kt cc
thanh ct chng dm
14
15
16
17
580
580
II.3 ) Thit k vn khun ct :

Vn khun ct -c t hp t cc tm vn phng c dy 0.03 m . Cc thanh np lin
kt c kch th-c ( 0.4 x 0.6 m) .v cc gng ct -c sn xut bng g hoc thp.
Do chiu cao cc ct > 2.5 m nn gia ct ta cu to ca s c kch th-c 0.4x0.3 m
b tng .
Ta ly ct tng mt thit k . V tng mt ct c kch th-c ln nht v di nht cn
cc tng khc tnh t-ng t .
c tr-ng hnh hc ca ct C2:
Tit din : b x h = 0.25 x 0.40 m
Trang30
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Chiu cao : H = 3.8 m
II.3.1 ) Tnh ton vn khun ct :
p lc y ngang do b tng mi :
qtc1 = bt x H x 0.75 = 2.5 x 0.7 x 0.75 =1.3125(T/m)
Trong H :Chiu cao ca mi lp b tng .
Chn R = 0.75 l bn knh nh h-ng ca m di .
bt : Khi l-ng hn hp th tch b tng m cht .
(Tra theo bng 10.1 trang 147 sch : K thut thi cng tp 1 .NXB Xy Dng - 2004)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 1.3125 x 1.3 =1.7 (T/m)
p lc do b tng gy nn :
qtc2 = 0.4 x 0.4 =0.16 (T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x 1.3 =0.208(T/m) .
Do trong khi th khng m , v khi xong tng lp mi tin hnh m . Nn ta
b qua ti do m dung .
Vy tng ti trng tc dng ln vn thnh ct l :
qtc = qtc1 + qtc2 = 1.3125 +0.16 = 1.47 (T/m)
qtt = qtt1 + qtt2 = 1.7 + 0.208 = 1.91 (T/m).
Tnh theo iu kin bn : t-ng t nh- cc phn trn ta c cng thc
M max
W
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
10
q tt
bxh2 0.4 x0.032
6 x10 5 (m 3 )
6
6
Thay s vo ta -c :
l
10x1100x6 x10 5
0.6(m)
1.91
Tnh theo iu kin n nh :

E = 106 (T/m2)
bxh3 0.4 x0.033
J
9 x107 (m 4 )
12
12
128EJ 3 128x106 x9 x10 7
l3
0.58(m)
400x1.47
400q tc
Kt lun : Vy tho mn cc iu kin trn th khong cch cc gng ct l 0.5 m l hp l .
Trang31
n K Thut Thi Cng I
vn khun ct
vn khun ct
gng thp
ghi ch vn khun ct
1. Ca v sinh
2. Ca btng
3. nh v ct
4. Thanh chng xin
5. Tng
6. Gng ct
7. Np
8. Vn khun ct
9. Cht
5
6
7
4
1
9
II.4 ) Thit k vn khun mng :

Kch th-c mng c dng hnh ch nht a x b c chiu cao h = 2 x t = 0.6 m .Git hai cp
Mng A, E : a x b = 1.4 x 2.2 m
Mng B,C,D: a x b = 1.4 x 2.5 m
Chiu su chn mng tnh t ct 0.00 m l
Hm = 3 x 0.3 = 0.9 m .
Trang32
n K Thut Thi Cng I
p lc y ngang do b tng mi :
qtc1 = bt x H x 0.75 = 2.5 x 0.3 x 0.75 =0.5625(T/m)
Trong H :Chiu cao ca mi lp b tng .
Chn R = 0.75 l bn knh nh h-ng ca m di .
bt : Khi l-ng hn hp th tch b tng m cht .
(Tra theo bng 10.1 trang 147 sch : K thut thi cng tp 1 .NXB Xy Dng - 2004)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 0.5625 x 1.3 = 0.73125 (T/m)
p lc do b tng gy nn :
qtc2 = 0.4 x 2.5 =1 (T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x 1.3 =1.3(T/m) .
Do trong khi th khng m , v khi xong tng lp mi tin hnh m . Nn ta b qua
ti do m dung .
Vy tng ti trng tc dng ln vn thnh ct l :
qtc = qtc1 + qtc2 = 0.5625 +1 = 1.5625 (T/m)
qtt = qtt1 + qtt2 = 0.73125 + 1.3 = 2.03125 (T/m).
q tt l 2
10x xW
M max
xW l
10
q tt
W
bxh2 2.5 x0.032
37.5 x105 (m 3 )
6
6
Thay s vo ta -c :
l
10 x1100x37.5 x10 5
1.425(m)
2.03125

E = 106 (T/m2)
bxh3 2.5 x0.033
J
56.25x10 7 (m 4 )
12
12
128EJ 3 128x106 x56.25x10 7
l3
1.048(m)
400x1.5265
400q tc
Kt lun : Vy tho mn cc iu kin trn th khong cch cc np dc 1.048m .
Ta chn khong cch gia cc np dc l 0.8 m , va tho mn iu kin an ton v l kch th-c
hp l .
II.5 ) Tng kt vn khun v cc bng thng k khi l-ng :
Trang33
n K Thut Thi Cng I
II.5.1 )Vn khun ct :

Tng
1
2v3
4
5
Tn
cu
kin
C1
C2
C1
C2
C1
C2
C1
C2
Kch th-c Din tch 1

Tng din
S l-ng Din tch
CK
CK
tch
cu kin
2)
2
a (m) b(m)
S (m
(m )
(m2)
1.2 3.25
3.90
36
140.40
368.55
1.3 3.25
4.23
54
228.15
1.1 2.65
2.92
36
104.94
276.66
1.2 2.65
3.18
54
171.72
1 2.65
2.65
36
95.40
252.81
1.1 2.65
2.92
54
157.41
1 2.75
2.75
36
99.00
262.35
1.1 2.75
3.03
54
163.35
II.5.2 )Vn khun sn :
Trang34
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Tng
Tn cu kin
D1b
D1g
1
D2,3
Sn
D1b
D1g
2,3
D2,3
Sn
D1b
D1g
4
D2,3
Sn
D1b
D1g
5
D2,3
Sn
Thnh
y
Thnh
y
Thnh
y
Bin
Gia
Thnh
y
Thnh
y
Thnh
y
Bin
Gia
Thnh
y
Thnh
y
Thnh
y
Bin
Gia
Thnh
y
Thnh
y
Thnh
y
Bin
Gia
Kch th-c CK
a (m)
0.49
0.25
0.49
0.25
0.19
0.2
2.7
2.15
0.49
0.25
0.49
0.25
0.19
0.2
2.7
2.15
0.49
0.25
0.49
0.25
0.19
0.2
2.7
2.15
0.41
0.25
0.41
0.25
0.19
0.2
2.7
2.15
b(m)
5.225
5.225
4.1
4.1
2.99
2.99
3.05
3.05
5.275
5.275
4.15
4.15
2.99
2.99
3.05
3.05
5.325
5.325
4.2
4.2
2.99
2.99
3.05
3.05
5.325
5.325
4.2
4.2
2.99
2.99
3.05
3.05
D.tch1
CK
2)
S (m
2.56
1.31
2.01
1.03
0.57
0.60
8.24
6.56
2.58
1.32
2.03
1.04
0.57
0.60
8.24
6.56
2.61
1.33
2.06
1.05
0.57
0.60
8.24
6.56
2.18
1.33
1.72
1.05
0.57
0.60
8.24
6.56
S
Din tch D.tich CK
l-ng
2
CK
(m )
72
184.34
36
47.03
72
144.65
678.24
36
36.90
306
173.84
153
91.49
68
559.98
1005.9
68
445.91
72
186.10
36
47.48
72
146.41
682.67
36
37.35
306
173.84
153
91.49
68
559.98
1005.9
68
445.91
72
187.87
36
47.93
72
148.18
687.10
36
37.80
306
173.84
153
91.49
68
559.98
1005.9
68
445.91
72
157.19
36
47.93
72
123.98
632.24
36
37.80
306
173.84
153
91.49
68
559.98
1005.9
68
445.91
II.5.3 Khi l-ng th tch b tng phn thn v mi :
Trang35
Tng
D. tch
2
(m )
1684.13
1688.56
1692.99
1638.13
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Tng
Loi CK
Ct
Dm
chnh
D.ph
Sn
Ct
2_3
Dm
chnh
D.ph
Sn
Ct
Dm
chnh
D.ph
Sn
Ct
Dm
chnh
D.ph
Sn
C1
C2
D1b
D1g
D2,D3
Sb
Sg
C1
C2
D1b
D1g
D2,D3
Sb
Sg
C1
C2
D1b
D1g
D2,D3
Sb
Sg
C1
C2
D1b
D1g
D2,D3
Sb
Sg
Kch th-c CK
KLCK
a (m)
b (m)
l (m)
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.2
3.05
3.05
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.2
3.05
3.05
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.2
3.05
3.05
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.2
3.05
3.05
0.35
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.3
5.4
4.3
0.3
0.35
0.6
0.6
0.3
5.4
4.3
0.25
0.3
0.6
0.6
0.3
5.4
4.3
0.25
0.3
0.6
0.6
0.3
5.4
4.3
3.8
3.8
5.425
4.3
3.05
0.12
0.12
3.2
3.2
5.475
4.35
3.05
0.12
0.12
3.2
3.2
5.525
4.4
3.05
0.12
0.12
3.2
3.2
5.525
4.4
3.05
0.1
0.1
( m3 )
0.3325
0.38
0.81375
0.645
0.183
1.9764
1.5738
0.24
0.28
0.82125
0.6525
0.183
1.9764
1.5738
0.2
0.24
0.82875
0.66
0.183
1.9764
1.5738
0.2
0.24
0.82875
0.66
0.183
1.647
1.3115
II.5.4. Khi l-ng ct thp phn thn v mi :
Trang36
S
CK
36
54
36
36
153
34
34
36
54
36
36
153
34
34
36
54
36
36
153
34
34
36
54
36
36
153
34
34
Tng
KL1CK
Tng
Tng KL
KLCK
( m3 )
11.97
20.52
29.295
23.22
27.999
67.1976
53.5092
8.64
15.12
29.565
23.49
27.999
67.1976
53.5092
7.2
12.96
29.835
23.76
27.999
67.1976
53.5092
7.2
12.96
29.835
23.76
27.999
55.998
44.591
( m3 )
( m3 )
32.49
80.514
233.711
120.707
23.76
81.054
225.521
120.707
20.16
81.594
222.461
120.707
20.16
81.594
100.589
202.343
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Tng
Loi CK
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
2v3
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
C1
C2
D1b
D1g
D2,D3
Sb
Sg
C1
C2
D1b
D1g
D2,D3
Sb
Sg
C1
C2
D1b
D1g
D2,D3
Sb
Sg
C1
C2
D1b
D1g
D2,D3
Sb
Sg
KLBT
(m3)
0.3325
0.38
0.81375
0.645
0.183
1.9764
1.5738
0.24
0.28
0.82125
0.6525
0.183
1.9764
1.5738
0.2
0.24
0.82875
0.66
0.183
1.9764
1.5738
0.2
0.24
0.82875
0.66
0.183
1.647
1.3115
KL1CK
(%) (T/m3)
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
1.5 7.85
(T)
0.03915
0.04475
0.09582
0.07595
0.02155
0.23272
0.18531
0.02826
0.03297
0.0967
0.07683
0.02155
0.23272
0.18531
0.02355
0.02826
0.09759
0.07772
0.02155
0.23272
0.18531
0.02355
0.02826
0.09759
0.07772
0.02155
0.19393
0.15443
S
CK
36
54
36
36
153
34
34
36
54
36
36
153
34
34
36
54
36
36
153
34
34
36
54
36
36
153
34
34
Tng
Tng
KLCK1t
Tng KL
KLCK
ng
(T)
(T)
(T)
1.41
3.83
2.42
3.45
9.48
27.52
2.73
3.30
7.91
14.21
6.30
1.02
2.80
1.78
3.48
9.54
26.56
2.77
3.30
7.91
14.21
6.30
0.85
2.37
1.53
3.51
9.61
26.19
2.80
3.30
7.91
14.21
6.30
0.85
2.37
1.53
3.51
9.61
23.83
2.80
3.30
6.59
11.84
5.25
II.6 ) Tng kt khi l-ng nhn cng :

Tra theo nh mc M24 2005 . y l nh mc tnh d ton cng trnh , cn khi l-ng
nhn cng cn thc t l : (1/2.5 1/3) x s nhn cng .
Trang37
n K Thut Thi Cng I
II.6.1 ) Khi l-ng nhn cng lao ng b tng phn thn :
Tng
2v3
Loi CK
Tng
KLCK
nh mc
Ngy
cng
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
(m3)
32.9
80.51
120.7
23.67
81.05
120.7
20.16
81.59
120.7
20.16
81.59
100.6
(cng/m3)
3.33
2.96
2.96
3.33
2.96
2.96
3.33
2.96
2.96
3.33
2.96
2.96
(cng)
109.6
238.3
357.3
78.8
239.9
357.3
67.1
241.5
357.3
67.1
241.5
297.8
Tng
ngy
cng
(cng)
S nhn cng
thc t
(nhn cng)
705
282
676
270
666
266
606
243
II.6.2 ) Khi l-ng nhn cng lao ng ct thp phn thn :
Tng
2v3
Loi CK
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Tng
KLCK
nh mc
Ngy
cng
Tng ngy
cng
S nhn cng
thc t
(T)
(cng/T)
(cng)
(cng)
(nhn cng )
3.83
9.48
14.21
2.8
9.54
14.21
2.37
9.61
14.21
2.37
9.61
11.84
8.85
9.17
10.91
8.85
9.17
10.91
8.85
9.17
10.91
8.85
9.17
10.91
33.9
86.9
155.0
24.8
87.5
155.0
21.0
88.1
155.0
21.0
88.1
129.2
276
110
267
107
264
106
238
95
Trang38
n K Thut Thi Cng I
II.6.4 ) Khi l-ng nhn cng lao ng vn khun phn thn :
Tng
2v3
Loi CK
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Tng
KLCK
nh mc
Ngy
cng
Tng ngy
cng
S nhn cng
thc t
(m3)
(cng/100m3)
(cng)
(cng)
(nhn cng )
368.55
678.24
1005.9
276.66
682.67
1005.9
252.81
687.1
1005.9
262.35
632.4
1005.9
22.52
21.45
19.5
22.52
21.45
19.5
22.52
21.45
19.5
22.52
21.45
19.5
83.0
145.5
196.2
62.3
146.4
196.2
56.9
147.4
196.2
59.1
135.6
196.2
425
170
405
162
400
160
391
156
II.6.4 ) Khi l-ng nhn cng lao ng tho vn khun phn thn :
Tng
2v3
Loi CK
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Tng
KLCK
nh mc
Ngy
cng
Tng ngy
cng
S nhn cng
thc t
(m3)
(cng/100m3)
(cng)
(cng)
(nhn cng )
368.55
678.24
1005.9
276.66
682.67
1005.9
252.81
687.1
1005.9
262.35
632.4
1005.9
9.57
10.31
8.09
9.57
10.31
8.09
9.57
10.31
8.09
9.57
10.31
8.09
35.3
69.9
81.4
26.5
70.4
81.4
24.2
70.8
81.4
25.1
65.2
81.4
187
75
178
71
176
71
172
69
Phn III
Trang39
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Thit k vn khun thp

III.1 ) Thit k vn khun sn :
Thc cht l ta b tr vn khun trn mt sn , sau kim tra v b tr h x g v ct chng
t hp bng thp sao cho kh nng chu lc
Xt mt in hnh v b tr vn khun thp t hp nh- hnh v :
+) Ta t h x g trc tip vn khun sn song song vi dm ph .
+) Ta t h x g h x g sn song song vi h dm chnh . V t trn h ct chng t
hp vi khong cch l 1.2 m .
+) H ct chng , lp ct hnh vung .
3300
3050
2700
1500
1200
2900
x g vn sn D2
250
250
1
3
2
150
7
9
8
10
11150
D1
1'
2'
D3
Trang40
sn 1
n K Thut Thi Cng I
D3
1500
150
250
1
3
2
7
6
600
50
2350
2150
x g vn sn
9
8
11
10
1'
150
D2
D1
2'
ming g chn
sn 2
3050
3300
III.1.1) Kim tra kh nng chu lc ca mt tm vn khun :

III.1.1.1) Xc nh ti trng tc dng ln 1 tm vn khun sn im hnh :
Tnh ti
Trng l-ng b tng mi :
qtc1 = s x bt x b
trong :
s : Chiu dy lp b tng sn = 12 cm = 0.12 m
bt : Trng l-ng ring ca b tng = 2.5 T/m3
b : B rng ca vn khun = 0.25 m
qtc1 = s x bt x b = 0.12 x 2.5 x 0.25 = 0.075 (T/m)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 0.075 x 1.2 = 0.09 (T/m)
Trng l-ng ct thp l :
qtc2 = s x ct x b x = 0.12 x 0.015 x 0.25 x 7.850 = 0.004 (t/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.004 x 1.2 = 0.0048 (T/m)
Trng l-ng bn thn vn khun :
qtc3= Av x thp x b
Av : tit din tt c vn khun
thp : Trng l-ng ring ca thp = 8750 (KG/m3) = 8.75 (T/m3)
qtc3= Av x g x b = 0.001019 x 8.75 x 0.25 = 0.0022 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.0022 x 1.1 = 0.0025 (T/m) 0.0025 (T/m)
Kt lun : Tnh ti tc dng ln vn sn l
Trang41
n K Thut Thi Cng I

Hot ti :
Hot ti do ng-i v ph-ng tin di chuyn trn sn : b = 0.25m
qtc4 = 0.25 x 0.25 =0.0625 (T/m)
qtt4 = qtc4 x n = 0.0625x 1.3 = 0.08125 (T/m)
Hot ti do m bn , m di vi di = 50 mm , b = 0.25m
qtc5 = 0.2 x 0.25 = 0.05(T/m)
qtt5 = qtc5 x n = 0.05 x 1.3 = 0.065 (T/m)
Hot ti do b tng bng my bm b tng , b = 0.25m
qtc6 = 0.4 x 0.25 = 0.1(T/m)
qtt6 = qtc6 x n =0.1 x 1.3 = 0.13 (T/m)
Kt lun : Hot ti tc dng ln vn sn l :
qttht = qtt4+ qtt5 + qtt6 = 0.08125 + 0.065 + 0.13 = 0.276 (T/m)
Vy ta c tng ti trng tc dng ln vn sn l :
III.1.1.2) Kim tra 1 tm vn khun sn :
+)Kim tra theo iu kin n nh ta c :

= Mmax/ W [] = 21000 (T/m2)
Trong :
q tt xl 2 0.3733xl 2
Mmax= (q x l )/8 =
(T.m)
8
8
W : M men chng un = 6.34x10-6 (m3).
[] = 21000 (T/m2)
0.3733xl 2
21000
=
8 x6.34x106
21000x8 x6.34x106
2.85
l2
0.3733
l 1.69 (m)
2
Vi chiu di ca vn khun di nht l 1.5 m < 1.69
Trang42
n K Thut Thi Cng I
+)Kin tra iu kin n nh :

Kim tra theo cng thc
q tc xl 4
l
f
f
128EJ
400
Trong :
E = 2.1x107 (T/m2)
J = 27.33x10-8 (m4)
q tc xl 4
0.294xl 4
l
7
8
128EJ 128x 2.1x10 x 27.33x10
400
l3 6.247
l 1.84 (m)
Vy m bo iu kin n nh th : l 1.847 m
Cc loi vn khun khc cng tnh t-ng t v u tho mn
Kt lun : Vy ta b tr 2 x g gn 2 u vn khun d vn khun sn .
III.1.2) Kim tra n nh ca x g vn sn :

3300
3050
2700
2900
x g vn sn D2
D1
D3
sn 1
Ta kim tra cho sn in hnh v nguy him nht :

Kim tra t-ng t nh- khi ta kim tra x g ca vn khun g :
Chn x g bng g
l xg B bdc 2x vtdc 2x h 3.3 0.25 2x0.055 2x0.005 2.93m

Trong :
lxg
B
bdc
vtdc
:
:
:
:
chiu di ca x g
b-c ct = 3.3 m
b rng ca dm chnh : = 0.25 m
l b dy ca vn thnh dm chnh = 0.055 m
Trang43
n K Thut Thi Cng I

h
khong h gia x g v dm chnh = 0.005
Chiu di ca x g l : lxg = 2.93 m

Chn x g tit din : 10 x10 cm
Ti trng tc dng ln x g ging ti trng tc dng ln vn sn
Din chu ti ca x g nh- hnh v :
Thin v an ton ta coi nh- l 13 tm vn 1500x250x55 t trn x g
Tnh ton t-ng t nh- phn II .
3300
3050
750
2700
2900
x g vn sn
D1
D3
sn 1
Tnh ti gm :
Trng l-ng ca b tng mi :
qtc1 = s x bt x l = 0.12 x 2.5 x 0.75 = 0.225 (T/m)
qtt1 = qtc1 x n = 0.225 x 1.2 = 0.27 (T/m)
tc
q 2 = s x ct x l x = 0.12 x 0.015 x 0.75 x 7.850 = 0.0106(T/m)
qtt2 = qtc2 x n = 0.0106 x 1.2 = 0.013 (T/m)
Trng l-ng ca vn khun :
tc
q 3= Av x thp x 0.75 = 10.19x10-4x13 x7.85 x 0.75 = 0.078 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.078 x 1.1 = 0.086 (T/m)
Trang44
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Kt lun : Tnh ti tc dng ln x g l

qtctt = qtc1 + qtc2 + qtc3 = 0.225 + 0.0106 +0.078 = 0.3136 (T/m) 0.314 (T/m)
Hot ti gm :
Hot ti do ng-i v ph-ng tin di chuyn trn sn : l = 0.7 m
qtc4 = 0.25 x 0.75 =0.188(T/m)
qtt4 = qtc4 x n = 0.188 x 1.3 = 0.244 (T/m)
Hot ti do m bn , m di vi di = 50 mm , l = 0.7 m
qtc5 = 0.2 x 0.75 = 0.15 (T/m)
qtt5 = qtc5 x n = 0.15 x 1.3 = 0.195 (T/m)
Hot ti do b tng bng my bm b tng , l = 0.7m
qtc6 = 0.4 x 0.75 = 0.3 (T/m)
qtt6 = qtc6 x n =0.3 x 1.3 = 0.39 (T/m)
Kt lun : Hot ti tc dng ln x g l :
qttht = qtt4+ qtt5 + qtt6 = 0.244 + 0.195 + 0.39 = 0.829 (T/m) 0.83 (T/m).
Vy ta c tng ti trng tc dng ln x g l :
qtc = qtctt + qtcht = 0.314 + 0.638 =0.952(T/m)
Theo iu kin bn :
Cng thc M max / W
M M max
q tt xl 2
10x xW
xW l
10
q tt
0
0.1x0.12
bxh
W
1.67 x10 4 (m 3 )
6
6
2
Thay vo, ta c:
l
10x1100x1.67 x10 4
1.24(m)
1.2
Theo iu kin n nh :
l
f
400
iu kin f
Trang45
n K Thut Thi Cng I
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
6
2
E 10 (T / m )
bh3 0.1 0.13

J
8.33 106 (m 4 )
12
12
128EJ 3 128x10 6 x8.33x10 6
l
1 .4 ( m )
400x0.952
400q tc
Vy m bo cho x g lm vic ng thit k th ta chn khong cch gia cc x g ta l 1.2
3
m
2930
x g vn sn
565
300
1200
565
300
x g k trn h chng t hp
III.1.3) Kim tra kh nng chu lc ca x g x g vn khun sn :

- Chn x g g tit din : 10x15 cm.
- Chiu di ca x g l :
l xg B bdc 2x vtdc 2x h 2.9 0.2 2x0.055 2x0.005 2.58m
- Lc tc dng ln x g l :
thin v an ton ta tnh lc tc dng ln x g nh- hnh v sau :
2580
930
x g vn sn
250
1200
50
150
50
100
590
1200
ct chng thp vn nng

ct chng t hp
Qtc = qtc x (0.6 + 0.565/2 ) = 0.952 x 0.88 = 0.837 (T) .

Qtt = qtt x (0.6 + 0.565/2 ) = 1.2 x 0.88 = 1.06 (T) .
Trang46
590
100
n K Thut Thi Cng I
l/2
l
Gi tr m men gia nhp bin l :

M = 0.1 Ql = 0.1 x (2x1.06) x 1.2 =0.254 (Tm)
Gi tr m men gia nhp bin l :
M = 0.18 xQl = 0.18 x 1.06 x 0.59 = 0.113 (Tm)
Vy Mmax= 0.254 (Tm)
Cng thc kim tra :
Cng thc M max / W
M
W
bxh2 0.1x0.152
3.75x10 4 (m 3 )
6
6
Thay vo, ta c:
= 0.254 /3.75 x 10-4 = 677 <1100 (T/m2)
III.1.4) Kim tra kh nng chu lc ca h ct chng t hp :

Lc tc dng ln 1 chn chng l : 2 x 1.06 = 2.12 (T) .
Tra trong bng Catalog v h gio chng ca cng ty Ho Pht ta thy Lc tc dng
ln tng ct chng t hp nh hn lc chu ca tng ct . Vy h ct chng kh
nng chu ti .
sn 2 ta tnh t-ng t c s nh- sau .
Trang47
n K Thut Thi Cng I
2030
430
160
80
1100
50
100
x g vn sn
150
5080
415
1200
415
ct chng t hp
III.2 ) Thit k vn khun dm chnh :

III.21 ) Chn vn khun dm chnh D1b,D1g :
100
600
55
120
Vn khun thnh ta chn loi vn c kch th-c chiu cao nh- sau : 450 mm
Vn khun y ta chn loi vn khun c kch th-c b rng l : 250 mm
-c t hp nh- hnh v d-i y .
III.2.2 ) kim tra vn khun t hp :

T-ng t nh- trong phn vn khn g :
*) Kim tra vn y :
Trng l-ng ca vn khun y v vn khun thnh l :
q 3= (Av x b +Avt) x thp = ( 10.19 +16.44) x 7.850 x 10-4 = 0.021 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.021 x 1.1 = 0.023 (T/m)
tc
Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y l :
Trang48
n K Thut Thi Cng I

+ ) Theo bn ca vn y
Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
W = 6.34 x 10 -6 ( m3 )
Thay vo, ta c:
10x 21000x6.34x10 6
1.36(m)
0.715
l
l
f
iu kin f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
J = 27.33 x 10-8 (m4)
E = 2.1x107 (T/m2)
l3
128EJ 3 128x 27.33x10 8 x 2.1x107
1.48(m)
400x0.5633
400q tc

+ B tr ct chng :
Nhp bin L1=5.8 m

Ldc1 = L1 - hc1/2 - hc2/2 = 5.8 - 0.35/2 - 0.4/2 = 5.425 m
vn y dm
5421
ct
210
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
ct
210
5800
B
B tr 6 ct chng vi khong cch 100cm
Trang49
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Nhp gia L2=4.7 m

Ldc2 = L2 - 2 x hc2/2 = 4.7 - 2 x 0.4/2 = 4.3
vn y dm
ct
150
1000
1000
1000
1000
ct
150
4700
B
*) Kim tra vn thnh :
Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn thnh l :
qtc = qtc1 + qtc2 = 1.125 + 0.196 = 1.321 (T/m) 1.32 (T/m)
qtt = qtt1 + qtt2 = 1.4625 + 0.255 = 1.7175(T/m) 1.72 (T/m)
W = 6.78 x 10-6(m3)
J = 32.37x10-8 (m4)
+ ) Kim tra theo iu kin bn ca vn thnh l :
Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
Thay vo, ta c:
10x 21000x6.78x10 6
1.12(m)
1.72
Vy theo iu kin bn ca vn thnh th khong cch ca cc np dc l l1.12 m
+ ) Kim tra theo iu kin vng cho php :
l
f
iu kin f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
l
E = 2.1 x107 (T/m2)

128EJ 3 128x 2.1x107 x32.37 x10 8
l3
1.18(m)
400x1.32
400q tc
Trang50
n K Thut Thi Cng I

Vy ta b tr cc np dc t-ng ng vi v tr ca cc ct chng v c khong cch l 1 m .
4700
350
350
400
ct
5425
50
50 1500
50
1500
1200
1500
ming g
1500
1200
25
1200
Ct chng h vn y
III.2.3 ) kim tra ct chng vn nng bng thp :

Ta chn ct chng vn nng chng h vn khun dm ca cng ty ho pht cung cp : Vi
cc kch th-c hnh hc nh- hnh v sau
120
bn thp trn x g
chiu cao ct chng
ng thp trong
cht v dy xch
inh vt
ng ni ren
ng thp ngoi
bn
120
Ta chn loi ct chng thp m hiu l : K 103 ca cng ty Ho Pht vi cc thng s k thut
nh- sau :
Model
K-103
Chiu cao
ng ngoi
Chiu cao
ng trong
(mm)
(mm)
Min(mm)
Max(mm)
1500
2400
2400
3900
Chiu cao s dng
Trang51
Ti trng
Khi ng
(KG)
1900
Khi ko
(KG)
1300
Trng
l-ng
(KG)
11.1
n K Thut Thi Cng I
150 55 120
Ti trng dn ln ct l :
Q = 1.72 x 1 = 1.72 (T)
m bo n nh ta b tr 2 ct chng ti mi v tr ct chng vn y .
8
6
4
20
1418
Dm ph
100
13
7
5
3
250
10
12
11
19
17
15
Ghi ch
16
1: Vn y dm
2: Ming g k vn thnh
3:Vn thnh dm
4:Vn np dc nh v VK dm
5:Sun VK thnh dm
6:Thanh i
7:Np dc x g
8: Np lin kt to thnh mng
VK sn thnh tm ln
9:Thanh ngang VK dm
10:Bn thp m
11:Ct chng dm
12: Ging lin kt ct chng x g
sn pha trn
13:X g x g sn
14:X g VK sn
15:Kch chn ct
16:Bn
17:Ct chng x g sn
18: Kch u ct
19:Gio chng t hp VK sn
20:VK sn
III.3) Thit k vn khun dm ph D2,D3 :

III.3.1 ) Chn vn khun dm ph D2,D3 :
Vn khun thnh ta chn loi vn c kch th-c chiu cao nh- sau :150 mm
Trang52
300
150 55120
n K Thut Thi Cng I
III.3.2 ) kim tra vn khun t hp :

T-ng t nh- trong phn vn khn g :
*) Kim tra vn y :
Trng l-ng ca vn khun y v vn khun thnh l :
q 3= (Av x b +Avt) x thp = ( 7.63 +6.38) x 7.850 x 10-4 = 0.011 (T/m)
qtt3= qtc3 x n = 0.011 x 1.1 = 0.012 (T/m)
tc
Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y l :

qtt = qtttt + qttht = 0.201 + 0.17 = 0.371 (T/m)
+ ) Theo bn ca vn y
Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
W = 4.3 x 10 -6 ( m3 )
Thay vo, ta c:
10 x 21000x 4.3 x10 6
1.56(m)
0.371
l
l
f
iu kin f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
Trang53
n K Thut Thi Cng I
J = 19.06 x 10-8 (m4)
E = 2.1x107 (T/m2)

128EJ 3 128x19.06 x10 8 x 2.1x107
l3
1.65(m)
400x0.281
400q tc
+ B tr ct chng :
1
470
1000
1000
470
Dm chnh
55
Dm chnh
* ) Kim tra vn thnh :

Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn thnh l :
qtc = qtc1 + qtc2 = 0.5625 + 0.076 = 0.6385 (T/m) 0.64 (T/m)
qtt = qtt1 + qtt2 = 0.73125 + 0.0988 = 0.83005(T/m) 0.83 (T/m)
W = 4.18 x 10-6(m3)
J = 17.71 x10-8 (m4)
+ ) Kim tra theo iu kin bn ca vn thnh l :
Cng thc Mmax/ W []
q tt l 2
10x xW
xW l
=> M max
10
q tt
Thay vo, ta c:
10x 21000x 4.18x10 6
l
1.03(m)
0.83
Vy theo iu kin bn ca vn thnh th khong cch ca cc np dc l l1.03 m

+ ) Kim tra theo iu kin vng cho php :
l
f
iu kin f
400
q tc xl 4
f
128EJ
E = 2.1 x107 (T/m2)
Trang54
n K Thut Thi Cng I

l3
128EJ 3 128x 2.1x107 x17.71x10 8
1.23(m)
400x0.64
400q tc

Vy ta b tr cc np dc t-ng ng vi v tr ca cc ct chng v c khong cch l 1 m . T-ng t
nh- dm chnh .
3300
1500
50
3300
3050
1500 50 1500
1500
ming g
ct
Ct chng h vn y
III.3.3 ) kim tra ct chng vn nng bng thp :

T-ng t nh- vi ct chng dm chnh ta chn ct chng loi K-103
Ti trng dn ln ct l :
Q = 0.83 x 1 = 0.83 (T)
m bo n nh ta b tr 2 ct chng ti mi v tr ct chng vn y .T-ng t nh- vi dm
chnh .
Trang55
150
55 120
n K Thut Thi Cng I
100
8 20
5 3
13
1
9
18
10
14
Dm chnh
11
12
19
17
15
Ghi ch
16
1: Vn y dm
2: Ming g k vn thnh
3:Vn thnh dm
5:Sun VK thnh dm
6:Thanh i
7:Np dc x g
VK sn thnh tm ln
9:Thanh ngang VK dm
10:Bn thp m
11:Ct chng dm
sn pha trn
13:X g x g sn
14:X g VK sn
15:Kch chn ct
16:Bn
17:Ct chng x g sn
18: Kch u ct
20:VK sn
III.4) Thit k vn khun dm mi Dm :

T-ng t nh- vn khun dm chnh :
Ta t hp vn khun nh hnh nh- sau
Vn khun thnh ta chn loi vn c kch th-c chiu cao nh- sau :150 mm
Trang56
100 55 100
100
400
555
55
100
n K Thut Thi Cng I
8
6
4
20
1418
Dm ph
100
13
7
5
3
250
10
12
11
19
17
15
Ghi ch
16
1: Vn y dm
2: Ming g k vn thnh
3:Vn thnh dm
5:Sun VK thnh dm
6:Thanh i
7:Np dc x g
VK sn thnh tm ln
9:Thanh ngang VK dm
10:Bn thp m
Trang57
11:Ct chng dm
sn pha trn
13:X g x g sn
14:X g VK sn
15:Kch chn ct
16:Bn
17:Ct chng x g sn
18: Kch u ct
20:VK sn
n K Thut Thi Cng I
III.5) T hp vn khun ct :
Tnh cho ct c tit din in hnh , cc ct khc tnh t-ng t :250x400
Ta t hp vn khun ct t vn khun nh hnh .
Cnh di l vn khun c b rng l : 400 mm
Cnh ngn c b rng l : 250 mm
Lin kt gia hai vn khun ca thnh ta dng lin kt bng thp gc :
J:lx50x50 v cc con giun lin kt .
T-ng t nh- vn khun g ta c:
Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn thnh ct l :
qtc = qtc1 + qtc2 = 1.3125 +0.16 = 1.47 (T/m)
qtt = qtt1 + qtt2 = 1.7 + 0.208 = 1.91 (T/m).
q tt l 2
10x xW
M max
xW l
10
q tt
W = 6.67 x 10 -6 (m3) .
Thay s vo ta -c :
l
10x 21000x6.67 x10 6

0.86(m)
1.91

E = 2.1x107 (T/m2)
J = 31.11 x 10-8 ( m4)
128EJ 3 128x 2.1x107 x31.11x10 8
1.12(m)
400x1.47
400q tc
Kt lun : Vy tho mn cc iu kin trn th khong cch cc gng ct l 0.8 m l hp l .
l3
III.6) Tng kt vn khun thp v cc bng thng k khi l-ng :

III.6.1) Vn khun dm sn
Ta tnh mt tng in hnh cc tng khc l t-ng t .
Do kch th-c ct nh dn 5 cm khi ln 2 tng do i vi pha dm chnh th kch th-c
ming g ghp s -c tng ln i cht , cc vn khun t hp vn nh- vy . Ging ch
giao nhau ca hai vn khun k trn x g th ming g ghp khng -c tng ti v tr .
Cn i vi tng mi th do chiu cao dm chnh l 500 mm . Do vn thnh dm chnh s
thay loi vn khung c chiu cao l 400 mm cn cc kch th-c khc th vn gi nguyn .
V cc loi vn khun khc t-ng t nh- cc tng d-i .
V : Vn y dm
VT : Vn thnh dm
Vn khun t hp mua t cng ty Ho Pht .
Trang58
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Tng
Tn cu kin Loi CK
Sn
Vn mt
2
D1b
Dm
D1g
D2,3
V
V
VT
VT
VT
V
V
V
VT
VT
VT
V
V
VT
VT
V
Loi vn khun
SCK
VK
S cu
kin
Tng s
1500x250x55
1500x150x55
1200x250x55
1200x150x55
1500x250x55
1500x150x55
600x250x55
600x150x55
ming g 3050x50x55
1500x250x55
1200x250x55
1500x450x55
1200x450x55
ming g 450x25x55
ming g 250x25x55
1500x250x55
1200x250x55
1500x450x55
1200x450x55
ming g 450x50x55
ming g 250x50x55
1500x200x55
1500x150x55
ming g 150x50x55
ming g 200x50x55
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
3
2
2
1
1
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
153
153
153
153
748
136
748
136
748
136
748
136
68
136
136
136
136
136
68
136
68
136
68
204
204
306
306
153
153
Trang59
n K Thut Thi Cng I

Tn CK
Tng
D1b
Dm
Chnh
Mi
D1g
Loi
CK
V
V
VT
VT
V
V
VT
VT
Loi vn khun
S CKVK
1500x250x55
1200x250x55
1500x400x55
1200x400x55
1500x250x55
1200x250x55
1500x400x55
1200x400x55
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
S cu
kin
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
Tng s
III.6.2) Vn khun ct :
Tng
Tn CK
C1
1
C2
C1
2_3
C2
C1
4_5
C2
Loi VK
1200x350x55
1200x250x55
J1200x50x50
1200x400x55
1200x250x55
J1200x50x50
1500x300x55
1500x250x55
J1500x50x50
1500x350x55
1500x250x55
J1500x50x50
1500x250x55
1500x250x55
J1500x50x50
1500x300x55
1500x250x55
J1500x50x50
III.6.3) Ct chng t hp
Trang60
S l-ng
CK
6
6
12
6
6
12
2
2
8
2
2
8
2
2
8
2
2
8
S CK
Tng
36
36
36
54
54
54
36
36
36
54
54
54
36
36
36
54
54
54
216
216
432
324
324
648
72
72
288
108
108
432
72
72
288
108
108
432
136
136
136
136
136
68
136
68
n K Thut Thi Cng I

Tng
Tn CK
1
Dm
D1b
D1g
D2,3
1
Sn
2
2_3_4
Dm
D1b
D1g
D2,3
1
Sn
2
5
Dm
ct D
ct n
Sn
1
Tn ct
chng
D1b
D1g
D2,3
ct D
ct n
ct n
ct n
ct n
ct D
ct n
ct D
ct n
ct n
ct n
ct n
ct D
ct n
ct D
ct n
ct n
ct n
ct n
Loi ct
S l-ng
chng
4
D1500
8
D1000
12
K103
4
D1500
8
D1000
12
K103
K-103
12
K-103
10
K-104
6
8
D1500
12
K103
8
D1500
12
K103
K-103
12
K-103
10
K-104
6
8
D1500
12
K103
8
D1500
12
K103
K-103
12
K-103
10
K-104
6
III.6.4) Khi l-ng nhn cng lao ng cng tc vn khun :
Trang61
S CK
Tng
68
68
68
68
68
68
36
36
153
68
68
68
68
36
36
153
68
68
68
68
36
36
153
272
544
816
272
544
816
432
360
918
544
816
544
816
432
360
918
544
816
544
816
432
360
918
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Tng
2v3
Loi CK
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Ct
Dm
Sn
Tng
KLCK
nh mc
Ngy
cng
Tng ngy
cng
S nhn cng
thc t
(m3)
(cng/100m3)
(cng)
(cng)
(nhn cng )
368.55
678.24
1005.9
276.66
682.67
1005.9
252.81
687.1
1005.9
262.35
632.4
1005.9
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
31.67
116.7
214.8
318.6
87.6
216.2
318.6
80.1
217.6
318.6
83.1
200.3
318.6
650
260
622
249
616
246
602
241
Phn IV
Phn chia mt bng thi cng v chn my mc
IV.1 Nguyn tc phn chia phn on xy dng :
Phn on thi xy dng l phn khng gian nh nht . C th -c chia ra t chc cc
cng vic sao cho m bo cc yu cu v k thut . Nng xut lao ng v v An Ton
Lao ng .
S phn on phi tho mn iu kin : chnh lch khi l-ng gia cc phn khu 25% .
Nng sut thi cng phi p ng b tng lin tc trong mt phn khu.
m bo din tch mi ng-i lm vic 4 m2 .
V tr mch ngng m bo TCVN4453-1995 .
S phn on > = s cng vic + 1
IV.2 phn chia phn on xy dng :

Cn c vo nng lc ca t i thi cng, cn c vo khi l-ng cng vic cn phi thc hin 1 tng
ta chia ra lm 7 phn on thi cng , nh- hnh v sau .
Trang62
n K Thut Thi Cng I
5800
4700
4700
21000
5800
3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300 3300
56100
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
IV.3 Tnh khi l-ng cng vic cho mt phn on l :

Ta ly mt tng in hnh tnh ton : ly tng 3
Din tch 1 phn khu l :
S p = S /7 = ( 21 x 56.1) / 7 = 196.35 (m2) .
Th tch b tng :
Vp = 225.52 / 7 = 37.6 ( m3 ).
Tn cng vic
Tng
KL
n v
Ct thp ct
Vn khun ct
b tng ct
Tho vn khun ct
Vn khun dm sn
Ct thp dm sn
b tng dm sn
Tho vn khun dm sn
0.47
46.11
3.96
46.11
281.43
3.96
33.64
281.4
Tn
2
m
3
m
2
m
m2
Tn
m3
m2
IV.3. Chn cn trc thp :
Trang63
Ngy S nhn
cng
cng
4
10
14
5
57
40
100
25
2
4
6
2
23
16
40
10
Tng s
cng
nhn
102
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Chn cn trc thp da vo kch th-c cng trnh, khi l-ng phi vn chuyn phc v cho
cng tc thi cng cng trnh. Cn trc thp dng vn chuyn va b tng, vn khun v ct thp
ln cao thi cng.
Do cng trnh chy di : 56.1 > 2 x 21 = 42
Nn ta chn cn trc thp di chuyn trn ray
Khi l-ng vn chuyn ln nht ca mt phn khu l:
G = max {Gbt ; Gvk; Gct}+ Gtb
Trong :
Gbt= 37.56 x 2.5= 94 T- Trng l-ng b tng
Gvk= 372.51 x 0.003 x 7.85 = 7.7 T- Trng l-ng vn khun
Gct= 4.43 T- Trng l-ng ct thp
Gtb= 1.2 T- Trng l-ng thit b treo buc
G = 105.8 +1.2= 107 T
Chiu cao cng trnh H = 16.6 m
Chiu rng cng trnh L = 21 m
Chiu di cng trnh B = 56.1 m
Chiu cao cn trc:
Hm=h0+ h1+h2+h3
Trong :
ho=16.6 m - chiu cao cng trnh
h1=1 m-khong cch an ton
h2=1.5m- chiu cao thng b tng
h3=1.5 m- chiu cao dy buc
Hm= 16.6 + 1 +1.5 + 1.5= 20.6 m
Tm vi xa nht ca cn trc:
R=L + l + lAt + ldg
Trong :
l = 8.5 m- bn knh i trng
L = 21 m - b rng cng trnh
ldg = (1.2 + 0.2 )=1.4 m- dn gio cng tc
lAt = 1 m- khong cch an ton
R= 21 + 8.5 +1.4 + 1 = 31.9 m
Do ta chn cn trc KB- 503A.
Trang64
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Cc thng s k thut ca cn trc:

- Trng l-ng vt nng tm vi xa nht : Q = 7.5 T
- Bn knh hot ng : R=7.5 - 35 m
- Chiu cao nng H= 53-67.5 m
- Vn tc nng : v= 30 m/pht
- Vn tc cn trc: 12 m/pht
- Vn tc di chuyn xe con trn cn : 28 m/pht
- Vn tc quay cn trc thp: n=0.6 vng/pht
- Vn tc h vt: vh= 30 m/pht
- Trng l-ng chung ca cn trc : 145 tn
Xc nh thi gian lm vic trong 1 chu k ca cn trc thp:
Tck=ti
h0 h1 16.6 1
0.59 pht
30
30
- Thi gian nng ca cn trc : t n
- Thi gian h t h t n 0.59 pht ly th=tn khng ti

- Thi gian di chuyn xe con: Tdc
- Thi gian quay ca cn trc: Tq
l dc 28
1 pht
v dc 28
6 .nq
900
0.42 pht
6 x0.6 x60
- Thi gian thay i di chuyn cn trc: Ttv
Ldc 21
1,75 pht
v dc 12
- Thi gian h thng b tng xung v tr cn t d

- Thi gian nng mc treo: t m
h1
1
0,033 pht
v h 30
1.5
0,05 pht
30
- Thi gian ph: t p 0,5 pht

- Thi gian trt va: t tr 0,5 pht
Thi gian lm vic trong 1 chu k c kt hp chuyn ng:

Tck t n 2x 0.59 + 1 + 0.42 + 1.75 + 0.033 + 0.05 + 0.5 + 0.5 = 5.43 pht
Thi gian lm vic trong 1 chu k khng kt hp chuyn ng:

T * ck t n 2x 0.59 + 1 + 0.42 + 0.033 + 0.05 + 0.5 + 0.5 = 3.68 pht
Trang65
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Nng sut ca cn trc

Ta c nng sut ca my khi kt hp chuyn ng trong mt ca -c xc nh bi cng thc:
N ca 8.Q.nck .K tt .k tg
Trong :
Q= 7.5 T- sc nng nh nht ca cn trc
nck =
60
60
11- s chu k thc hin trong 1 gi

Tck 5.43
Ktt = 0.8- h s s dng ti trng

Ktg = 0.75- h s s dng thi gian
Nca = 8x7.5x11x0.8x0.75 = 396 T/ca > 107 T
Ta c nng sut ca my khi kt hp chuyn ng trong mt ca -c xc nh bi cng thc:
N * ca 8.Q.nck .K tt .k tg
N*ca = 8 x7.5 x 0.8 x 0.75 x 16.3 = 586.8 T
Do ch cn chn mt cn trc l phc v cho cng tc thi cng .
IV.4 Chn vn thng :

Do yu cu vn chuyn vt liu trong mt ca l ln ta phi b xung thm cc vn
thng vn chuyn cng vi cn trc thp. Dng my vn thng vn chuyn gch
xy, va xy v cc vt liu khc phc v cho cng tc hon thin . gim chi ph xy
dng
Gi s Tng khi l-ng cn vn chuyn :
G = 90 (T)
Ta chn loi my vn thng :T - 17 Ca cng ty Ho Pht
Cc thng s k thut ca my vn thng l:
- cao nng : H= 75- 85 m
- Sc nng
: Q= 0.5 tn
- Vn tc nng: Vn=0.5-1 m/s

- Cng sut ng c: 7.5 kw
- Trng l-ng my:6.5 tn
- in p s dng :380 v
- Kch th-c khung : + Chiu cao :79900 mm
+ Chiu rng : 3764 mm
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n K Thut Thi Cng I
+ Chiu di : 5230 mm
Nng ca my vn thng trong mt gi l: N
3600
.Q.K tg
Tck
Trong :
Ktg= 0.8
Q= 0.5 tn
tn= th= 15 s
tbx=td=100 s Tck=tn+th+tbx+td=2x15 + 2 x 100=230 s
Nng sut my vn thng l: N ca
3600
x0.5 x0.8 x8 50 T
230
Do cng trnh chy di nn ta b tr 2 vn thng v pha i din vi cn trc

thp. Khi kh nng vn chuyn ca vn thng l:
Nvn thng =2x Nca = 2x50= 100 T > 90 T
1200
+16.6 m
+13.4 m
+10.2 m
+7.0 m
350
375
550
+0.00 m
-1.2 m
8500
1090
200
2200
400
400
350
700
400
350
700
300
+3.8 m
2500
2500
2500
2200
4700
4700
5800
21000
B
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n K Thut Thi Cng I
IV.5. Chn my trn b tng :

Tng khi l-ng b tng cn trong mt ca l: 33.64 (m3)
Ta chn my trn m hiu JZC 200 ca cng ty Ho Pht
Cc thng s k thut my l:
- Th tch thng trn: Vtr=325(lt)
- Th tch xut liu : Vxl=200 (lt)
- -ng knh ln nht ca vt liu l : Dmax=60 mm
- Tc quay: Nq=17 vng/pht
- Thi gian trn: Ttr=90 s ( = 0.2:(8:3600))
- Cng sut ng c: Nc=4 kw
- Kch th-c gii hn di 2.18 m ; rng 2.14 m; cao 2.15 m
- Trng l-ng my: G= 1.3 T
Nng sut my trn : N Vsx .K xl nck .K tg
Trong :
Vsx= 0.65 x 0.325 = 0.211 - Dung tch sn xut
Kxl= 0,7 H s xut liu khi b tng
nck
3600
- s m trn trong mt gi
t ck
tck= t+ttr+tr= 15 + 90 + 20 = 125 (s) nck
3600
29
125
Ktg= 0,75 h s s dng thi gian

N= 0.211 x 0.7 x 29 x 0.75= 3.21 m3/gi
Nca= 8.N=8 x 3.21 = 25.7 m3/ca
Nh- vy ta chn 2 my trn b tng Nca= 51.4 m3/ca 33.64 m3
Tho mn yu cu trn b tng.
IV.6 Chn my m b tng :

IV.6.1 m di :
m bo p ng m b tng khi b tng cho cng trnh ta chn m
di. ZN35 ca cng ty Ho Pht cung cp , do Trung Quc sn xut
Cc thng s my m b tng:
- -ng knh 26 mm
- Tn s rung 258.3 Hz
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- Hiu sut 8 m3/h

Chn 2 my ZN35 m b tng.
IV.6.2 m bn :
S dng m bn ch yu cho cng tc m sn mi
Khi l-ng b tng ln nht trong mt ca l: 17 m3
nh mc s dng m bn l: 0.09 my/m3
S my m bn s dng trong 1 ca l: 17 x 0.09 = 1.53
Chn s my m trong 1 ca l: 2 my
Chn my ZW-7 Trung Quc do cng ty Ho Pht cung cp
Thng s k thut ca my l :
- Kch th-c mt m : 690x390 mm
- Cng xut m t : 1.1 Kw
- Vng tua m t : 2840 ( vng/pht)
- Trng l-ng : 27 kg.
IV.7 Chn my ct , un , hn ct thp:

IV.7.1 Chn my ct ct thp:
Khi l-ng ct thp ln nht trong 1 ca l: 5.3 T
nh mc s dng my ct ct thp l: 0.25 my/tn
S my ct ct thp s dng trong 1 ca l: 5.3 x 0.25 = 1.325
Chn my ct ct thp trong 1 ca l: 2 my
Chn my m hiu : BC-320 cng ty Ho Pht cung cp
Vi cc thng s k thut nh- sau :
- -ng knh ct : 6- 32 mm
- M t :1.5 Kw
- Trng l-ng : 0.5 tn
IV.7.2 Chn my un ct thp:

nh mc s dng my un ct thp l : 0.35 my/tn
S my ct ct thp s dng trong 1 ca l: 5.3 x 0.35 = 1.86
Chn my ct ct thp trong 1 ca l: 2 my
Chn my m hiu : GJ-40 cng ty Ho Pht cung cp
- -ng knh un : 6 - 40 mm
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- M t :2.2 Kw
- Trng l-ng : 0.42 tn
IV.7.3 Chn my hn ct thp:

nh mc my hn l: 0.22 my/tn
S my hn s dng trong 1 ca l: 5.3 x 0.22 = 1.2
Chn my hn ct thp trong 1 ca l: 2 my
Chn my m hiu : HD-25
Cng xut 2 KW .
My trn va
CB-30B
3300
20000
3300
3300
3300
3300
My trn b tng
JZC-200
Cu thp
KB-503A
8500
Phn V
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7900
3300
6000
3300
10900
3300
1200
200
21000
Vn thng TII-17
CB-30B
n K Thut Thi Cng I
Bin php k thut thi cng

V.1 .nh v cng trnh :
Xc nh v tr ca tim tt c cc mng ct trn mt bng thi cng .

Cn c vo kch th-c hnh hc ca mng v mc cao
Ch ly mc dn nh v cho cc cu kin .
Kim tra xc nh bng my kinh v .
V.2.Cng tc vn khun
Khi ch to vn khun cn m bo nhng yu cu: Vn khun phi m bo n nh,
cng v bn, chc chn, kn kt, khng cong vnh, m bo ng hnh dng, ng kch
th-c theo bn v thit k. B mt vn khun phi nhn hnh dng cu kin b tng ton
khi khng b xu v km cht l-ng. Gia cc vn khun ghp vi nhau khng -c c k
h khng b chy mt n-c xi mng khi b tng, vn khun phi -c tho lp v s
dng li nhiu ln.
V.2.1 .Vn khun ct:

Tr-c khi t ct pha mng, ta cn xc nh tim ct dc ngang cho chnh xc. Tin hnh
ghp vn khun ct theo kch th-c nh. Khi ghp ch rng vn khun ct phi -c
gi chc, nh-ng d tho lp v trnh va chm.
Cc vn khun ct -c ghp vo nhau theo ng kch th-c thit k, Vi chiu cao mi
2.5m ta phi t mt l ca b tng. V b tng qua cao do ri t do s b phn tng.
Xc nh tim ngang v dc ct , ghim khung nh v vn khun ct ln mng hoc sn b
tng, khung nh v phi t ng to d v cao trnh qui nh lp vn khun dm vo vn
ct -c xc nh. Dng dy si kim tra tim v cnh, chng v neo k gi cho mang g
ghp vo ng v tr tr-c khi .
V.2.2 Vn khun dm:

Tr-c ht ta lp vn y tr-c, sau mi lp vn thnh. Cc vn thnh ca dm phi -c
lng vo cc l lin kt u ct v c nh bng cc thanh np dc.
Ti v tr ging cn c cc thanh c tm thi trong hp khun c nh b rng vn khun
dm. Trong qu trnh b tng cc thanh c -c ly ra dn nu l cc thanh g, cn nu
dng thp lm thanh c th ta lun trong khi b tng.
V.2.3 Vn khun sn :
t x g v ct chng vo ng v tr thit k, Sau cu tng mng VK sn ln t ln
v tr x g k . Khi vn khun sn t ln vn khun t-ng, np dm phi lin kt vi
s-n vn khun t-ng. Hoc thay bng dm g ta ln hng ct t song song st t-ng
vn khun sn ( p dng khi vn khun t-ng cn tho d tr-c vn khun sn). Vn
khun sn yu cu phi kn, kht, trnh khe h lm chy n-c xi mng.
khong cch gia cc dm sn b tng ln, th-ng phi t thm cc ct chng d-i dm
sn.
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n K Thut Thi Cng I
V.2.Cng tc ct thp:
Ct thp tr-c khi mang i t b tng cn phi -c nh g, nn thng. Ct v un
ct thp thnh hnh dng v kch th-c theo ng yu cu thit k cho tng thanh ca mi
loi cu kin. Tr-ng hp phi tng kh nng chu lc hoc thp khng ng s hiu phi
thng qua cn b k thut c bin php s l.
Khung ct thp -c hn v buc bng dy thp mm c -ng knh 1mm. Tr-ng hp khi
ni buc phi un m v khong cch on ghp ni = ( 30- 45) -ng knh ct thp. Tr-ng
hp thanh thp c -ng knh ln hn 22, tit kim thp v nng cao cht l-ng cng trnh
ng thi rt ngn thi gian thi cng ta dng ph-ng php hn ni. Khi ni hn th u
thanh thp khng cn un m v khong cch ghp ni l ( 20- 30) -ng knh ct thp.
Lp b tng c chiu dy bo v phi m bo chiu dy t (2- 3)cm, cn phi ch to sn
nhng ming m b tng hoc bng nha. i vi nhng cu kin thp cn un ta dng vam
hoc tht un. Tr-ng hp nhng thanh thp c < 12 th-ng un bng tay, vi 14 tr ln ta
dng tht un. Vi ct thp ct sau khi lm v sinh, thp phi hn (buc) thnh khung nh
hnh ri dng lp bng cn cu hoc bng rng rc vo ng v tr, tip hn hoc buc vi
cc ct thp ch ri mi lp cp pha.
Vi ct thp dm: sau khi lm v sinh, ct un ct thp nh hnh ta hn (buc thnh khung)
ri t vo v tr sau khi t vn y, tip sau mi ghp vn thnh. Vi ct thp sn ta tin
hnh ghp cp pha tr-c sau mi dn st hn buc thnh l-i theo ng khong cch thit
k. Sau khi t xong ct thp, cn phi kim tra kch th-c ct thp, khong cch gia cc lp
ct thp, nhng ch giao nhau -c buc hoc hn hay ch-a. Chiu dy lp b tng bo v
(khong cch gia lp ct thp v vn khun). Sai s cho php khng -c v-t qua quy
nh. Khong cch, v tr, s l-ng cc ming k. Kim tra vng chc nh ca khung
ct thp, m bo khng b , khng b bin dng khi v m b tng.
V.3 Cng tc b tng:

V.3.1 Nguyn tc chung:
B tng vn chuyn n phi ngay
b tng t trn cao xung, bt u t ch su nht, khng b tng ri t do qu 1.5m
(gy phn tng b tng) gy v vn khun.
Chiu dy mi lp b tng phi m bo m thu sut b tng -c c chc.
B tng phi lin tc, n u phi m n , t n gn.
Ngoi ra cn phi tun th qui trnh, qui phm v cht l-ng vt liu thnh phn cp phi
m bo ng theo thit k, ng t l X:C::N. Tr-c khi b tng phi kim tra vn
khung, ct thp lm v sinh vn khun, t-i n-c cho vn khun nu cn. Kim tra xem va
b tng c b phn tng hay khng, nu b phn tng th cc ph-ng tin vn chuyn cn phi
kn kht trnh khng b chy n-c xi mng. Qua trnh vn chuyn va b tng ln cao
dng cn trc v my vn thng, cn vn chuyn d-i ta dng xe ci tin.
V.3.2 Mt s ch :
Khi b tng theo h-ng ht tin b tng d b phn tng m t xa ti gn, lp sau
p ln lp tr-c trnh phn tng
Khi vn chuyn cn m bo s ng nht ca va, va -c vn chuyn trong thi gian
ngn nht, sao thi gian y th xi mng khng b ng kt.
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Dng c cha b tng khi vn chuyn n ch cn phi -c sch s, trnh

nhng tp cht ln trong ct, v phi xc nh khi l-ng chnh xc. Tr-ng hp b
tng cao 10m, phi dng ng vi voi, cc phu ca ng phi bng tn dy (1.52)mm hnh trn, ct c -ng knh t (22- 23)cm, cao t (50- 70)cm -c ni vi nhau
bng cc mc. Khong cch t ming ng n mt b tng > 1.5m. Chiu dy mi lp
b tng ph thuc vo ph-ng php trn, khong cch vn chuyn, kh nng m v
iu kin kh hu th-ng dy t (20- 30)cm.
Trong tr-ng hp i vi dm di, chiu cao t 80cm tr ln th khng nn 1 lp ht
chiu di dm, m nn chia thnh nhiu lp on gi ln nhau ( theo kiu bc thang).
Mng ln cng theo kiu ny.
V.3.3 Mch ngng:

Tr-ng hp ang b tng m phi ngh hoc khi thi cng khi l-ng b tng ln, din
tch rng m khng th lin tc th khng -c ngng tu tin m phi mch ngng
nhng ch qui nh. l nhng ch m ni lc nh nht khng lm nh h-ng n
qu trnh lm vic ca kt cu, mch ngng c th nhng ni c s thay i v vn
khun v nhn cng.
Khi b tng ct, mch ngng -c b tr mch trn ca mng, phn pha trn gc
ni gia ct v dm khung. Nu dm c chiu cao ln hn 80cm th mch ngng b tr
trong dm.
Nu h-ng b tng vung gc vi dm ph th mch ngng t cch dm hoc bin
t-ng mt on bng 1/4 nhp dm chnh. Cn nu h-ng b tng song song vi dm
ph th mch ngng t bng 1/3 nhp dm ph.
Trong cc sn khng s-n th mch ngng t ti v tr bt k, song song vi cnh ngn
ca s-n.
V.3.4 m b tng:
My m b tng lm vic theo nguyn l chn ng b mt. Khi my gy chn ng, lc
ma st gia cc ht ct liu gim i. Do chng lng xung v ln cht nhau to nn
c chc cho h hp b tng. ng thi do chn ng, va, xi mng, ct -c dn ln
trn mt hoc -c dn ra mt vn khun to lp bo v bc chc chn khi b tng trnh
-c mi tr-ng xm thc lm g ct thp.
Qua trnh m phi ng qui cch thi gian. m n khi b mt ni vng xi mng th
i v tr. Khng m qu nhiu, d gy hin t-ng phn tng. Vi cc kt cu mng c
chiu dy d-i 20cm ta dng m bn, cn > 20cm ta dng m di. Tr-ng hp vi ct
ta c th m bng ph-ng php th cng. Khong cch t m di l 1.5R ( R l bn
knh tc dng ca m) v mi di phi t su xung lp b tng tr-c ( d-i) t (510)cm lin kt 2 lp vi nhau. Khi chuyn m di khng -c tt ng c v phi rt
ln t t trnh li l hng trong b tng. Khi m trnh lm sai lch ct thp s lm
gim kh nng lin kt ca ct thp v trnh hin t-ng m n u mi k thp n .
V.3.5 Bo d-ng b tng:

m bo cho b tng c iu kin ng cng thch hp, lm cho c-ng ca n tng
ln ta phi tin hnh d-ng h. Nu sau khi b tng gp thi tit nng, khng kh kh, gi
thi sau khi b tng xong. Sau (2-3 h) ta phi dng cc tm bao ti, mt c-a, ct v t-i
n-c nh k vi t= 150C tr ln phi t-i n-c th-ng xuyn gi m. Tr-ng hp gp phi
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tri m-a to, m-a ko di phi s dng bin php che chn, y cho kt cu b tng, trnh
n-c m-a lm cho si l, sai cp phi. Khi c-ng b tng t 25% c-ng thit k th
tho n-c li dng n-c m-a bo qun d-ng b tng.
V.4 Tho d vn khun:

Vic tho d vn khun ch -c tin hnh sau khi b tng t -c c-ng cn thit.
Tho theo nguyn tc sau:
Vi vn khun chu lc: lp tr-c thao sau
Vi vn khun khng chu lc: lp sau tho tr-c
Phi tho t trn xung. Cc ct chng vn y ca dm cn b tng t 100% c-ng
mi tho ht. i vi nh nhiu tng, c sn b tng ti ch, khi tho vn khun
cn ch ch tho vn khun ca sn
V.5 An ton thi cng:

V .5.1.:An ton cho cc h mng :
Trong thi cng tuyt i cm , cc cng nhn khng -c ngi ngh , hoc leo tro trn cc
mi dc khi o t , hoc trong vn chuyn t ln bng cc ph-ng tin thi cng . Trnh xc t
y trn thng gy ri vi khi di chuyn . Nu gp m-a to th dng thi cng ngay nu m ca mi
dc khng cho php . Tr-c khi thi cng phi xem xt c tuyn dy in hay -ng ng k thut
ngm trong thi cng hay khng , nu c phi x l kp thi nu khng s gy nguy him hoc lm
hng -ng ng . Vt liu cch h o t nht 0.5 m trnh ln xung h o gy nguy him .
Nu cn phi lm b chn h o .
V.5.2 . An ton lao ng Vn khun , dn gio :

Dn gio phi c cu thang ln xung , lan can an ton . cao hn 0.9 m v -c lin kt cht
ch vi nhau v lin kt vi cng trnh .
Khi lp vn khun cho tng cu kin phi tun theo nguyn tc vn khun phng trn ch -c lp
khi vn khun phn d-i -c lp c nh . Vic lp vn khun ct , dm -c thc hin trn cc
sn thao tc c lan can bo v . Khi lm vic trn cao th phi c dy an ton . Dn gio lan can
vng chc .
V .5 . 3 An ton lao ng trong cng tc ct thp :

Phi eo gng tay khi co g , gia cng ct thp , khi hn ct thp phi c knh bo v . Vic ct ct
thp phi trnh gy nguy him .t ct thp trn cao phi -c t c nh cht trnh ri . Khng i
li trn ct thp khi lp t .Khi thi cng thp nhng ch nguy him cng nhn cn phi -c
eo dy an ton .
V.5 .4. An ton lao ng trong cng tc b tng :

Khi b tng cao ln , cng nhn m b tng phi -c eo dy an ton . v buc vo
im c nh . Cng nhn b tng ng trn sn cng tc iu chnh thng va b tng
trnh ng d-i thng phng t dy thng .
Cng nhn khi lm vic phi eo ng , gng tay
V.5 .5. An ton lao ng trong cng tc hon thin :
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n K Thut Thi Cng I
Cng tc hon thin trn cao : Trt ngoi , hon thin ngoi rt nguy him do phi c sn cng
tc chc chn . C dy eo an ton c nh chc chn vo dn gio .
Nhng ni c ng-i i li phi c l-i bo v -c t cch nhau 3 tng mt .
V.5.6 . An ton lao ng khi cu lp thit b :

Khi cu lp phi ch n cn trc trnh tr-ng hp ng-i i li d-i khu vc nguy him d b vt
liu ri vo u . Do phi trnh lm vic d-i khu vc hot ng ca thit b cu lp , cng nhn
phi -c trang b m bo h lao ng .
V.5.7 . An ton lao ng in :

Cn phi ch ht sc cc tai nn xy ra do l-i in va chm , do chp -ng dy .Cng nhn phi
-c trang b cc thit b bo h lao ng . -c ph bin cc kin thc v in .
Cc dy in trong phm vi thi cng phi -c bc lp cch in v -c kim tra th-ng xuyn .
Cc thit b in cng -c kim tra th-ng xuyn .
Tuyt i trnh cc tai nn in , v tai nn in gy hu qu nghim trng .
Ngoi ra trong cng tr-ng phi c bn qui nh v an ton lao ng cho cn b , cng nhn vin lm
ti cng tr-ng . Bt c ai vo cng tr-ng u phi i m bo him .
Mi cng nhn u phi -c h-ng dn k thut lao ng tr-c khi nhn cng tc .
Nhng ng-i thi cng cao ln phi c sc kho tt .
V.5. 8 H thng bo v v an ton lao ng trn cng tr-ng :

+ ) Phi c h thng hng ro v cng bo v xung quanh cng tr-ng .
+) Chi quan st c th nhn thy ton b hot ng sn xut ca cng tr-ng .
+)Ti nhng ni nguy him d xy ra tai nn cn b tr cc ro chn km theo bin
bo n hiu cnh bo .
+) Phi c l-i chn rc sn trn tng 1 , t mt sn -a ra cc cng sn bng g
hoc thp hnh c chiu di t 1.5-2 m . Cng cc l-i thp hoc l-i an bng dy d
, dy ay chn rc vn nh- gch
+) Phi c cc loi bin bo nh- :
-
Bin bo giao thng , theo ng quy nh v kch th-c ca B Giao

Thng Vn Ti .
Bin bo cm nh- . Cm la khi gn kho xng , x-ng mc ..
Bin thng bo .
V.5.9. Chng st cho cng tr-ng :

Thit k v b tr cc ct thu li chng st cho cng trnh .
V.5.10 Phng chng chy v cha chy trong cng tr-ng :

p dng ng n cc tiu chun v phng chy cha chy .
V.5.11 V sinh lao ng :
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n K Thut Thi Cng I
+ ) V sinh vi kh hu trn cng tr-ng

+) Phng chng bi trn cng tr-ng xy dng .
+) Phng chng ting n v rung ng trn cng tr-ng .
+)Chiu sng trn cng tr-ng xy dng
V.5.12. V sinh xy dng :

Phi gio dc v tuyn truyn v v sinh trn cng tr-ng cho cng nhn lao ng .
Tm li: m bo an ton cho cng trnh th ng-i thi cng cn tun th mt cch cht ch,
nghim tc mi yu cu v h-ng dn ca cn b k thut
V.6 Lp tin thi cng theo ph-ng php dy truyn :

Qu trnh thi cng phi m bo cc yu cu v k thut v an ton . -c thc hin c th trn s
.
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(Xaydung360 VN) Thuyetminh

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+) Kch th-c mng :

y l khung b tng ct thp ton khi . Dm sn b tng kt hp

I.3) iu kin thi cng :

3300 3300 3300 3300 3300

3300 3300 3300 3300 3300

n K Thut Thi Cng I

3200 3200 3200 3200 3800

1400 1400 1400 1400 1400

1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400

n K Thut Thi Cng I

n K Thut Thi Cng I

3800 3200 3200 3200 3200

Tch 1 sn in hnh ra tnh ton , y ta tch sn thuc nhp L1 = 5.8

n K Thut Thi Cng I

II.1.2) Xc nh ti trng tc dng ln vn khun sn :

n K Thut Thi Cng I

qtt4 = qtc4 x n = 0.25 x 1.3 = 0.325 (T/m)

II.1.3) Tnh ton khong cch gia cc x g :

II.1.3.2) Theo iu kin n nh :

n K Thut Thi Cng I

l xg B bdc 2x vtdc 2x h 3.3 0.25 2x0.03 2 x0.05 2.89(m) 2.9m

Mc ch ca vic chn cch b tr ca x g song song vi dm ph l :

300 700 700 700 300

n K Thut Thi Cng I

Ti trng tc dng ln x g ging ti trng tc dng ln vn sn

n K Thut Thi Cng I

II.1.3.4 ) Tnh ton khong cch ct chng x g :

Ta nhn vi h s 0.9 l do cc tr-ng hp hot ti l khng xy ra ng thi cng lc

bh3 0.1 0.13

n K Thut Thi Cng I

Chiu di tnh ton ca ct chng: l0=l

n K Thut Thi Cng I

II.2) Thit k vn khun dm :

Tit din ca dm chnh : b x h = 0.25 x 0.6 m

n K Thut Thi Cng I

Do trng l-ng b tng mi :

II.2.1.1.2 ) Tnh khong cch gia cc ct chng

n K Thut Thi Cng I

Vy theo iu kin bn ca vn y th l 1.024 m

Vy theo iu kin n nh vn y th l 0.918 m

II.2.1.1. 3) Chn v tnh ton n nh ca ct chng .

n K Thut Thi Cng I

kim tra ct chng, th ta xt ct chng nh- 1 cu kin chu nn ng tm vi

Chiu di tnh ton ca ct chng:

n K Thut Thi Cng I

ng sut sinh ra trong ct:

II.2.1.2 ) Thit k vn thnh dm chnh:

II.2.1.2.2 ) Kim tra theo iu kin bn ca vn thnh l :

Vy theo iu kin bn ca vn thnh th khong cch ca cc np dc l l0.68m

n K Thut Thi Cng I

II.2.1.2.3 ) Kim tra theo iu kin n nh ca vn thnh l :

128EJ 3 128x106 x1.1x10 6

Vy theo iu kin n nh vn thnh th khong cch ca cc np dc l 0.644 m

Nhp gia L2=4.7 m

n K Thut Thi Cng I

II.2.2 ) Thit k vn khun dm ph D2 ,D3:

n K Thut Thi Cng I

II.2.2.1 ) Thit k vn y chu lc :

Do trng l-ng b tng mi :

n K Thut Thi Cng I

II.2.1.1.2 ) Tnh khong cch gia cc ct chng: