Tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 5738 : 1993

H thng bo chy - Yu cu k thut

Fire detection and alarm system - Technical requirements
Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc h thng bo chy |c trang b ti cc nh my, x
nghip, c s sn xut, c quan, cng trnh cng cng v.v...
Tiu chun ny khng p dng i vi cc cng trnh |c thit k theo yu cu c bit.
1. Quy nh chung
1.1. Vic thit k, lp t h thng bo chy phi |c s tho thun ca c quan phng
chy v.cha chy v tho mn cc yu cu, quy nh ca cc tiu chun, qui phm
hin hnh c lin quan.
1.2. H thng bo chy phi p ng nhng yu cu sau:
- Pht hin chy nhanh chng theo chc nng |c ra.
- Chuyn tn hiu khi pht hin c chy thnh tn hiu bo ng r rng nhng
ng|i xung quanh c th thc hin nguy cc gii php thch hp.
- C kh nng chng nhiu tt.
- Bo hiu nhanh chng v r rng mi tr|ng hp s c lm nh h|ng n
chnh xc ca h thng.
- Khng b nh h|ng bi cc h thng khc lp t chung hoc ring r.
- Khng h t lit mt phn hay ton b do chy gy ra tr|c khi pht hin chy.
1.3. H thng bo chy phi m bo tin cy. H thng ny thc hin y cc chc
nng |c ra m khng xy ra sai st hoc cc tr|ng hp ng tic khc.
1.4. Nhng tc ng bn ngoi gy s c cho mt b phn ca h thng khng gy ra
nhng s c tip theo trong h thng.
1.5. H thng bo chy bao gm cc b phn c bn:
Trung tm bo chy, u bo chy t ng, hp nt n bo chy, cc yu t lin kt,
ngun in. Tu theo yu cu h thng bo chy cn cc b phn khc nh| thit b
truyn tin bo chy, b phn kim tra thit b phng chy t ng v.v...
2. Thut ng v nh ngha.
2.1. H thng bo chy t ng: l h thng thit b t ng pht hin v thng bo a
im chy.
2.2. H thng bo chy bng tay: l h thng (khng c u bo chy t ng trong
vic bo chy ban u |c s dng bng tay
2.3. u bo chy t ng: l thit b t ng nhy cm vi cc hin t|ng km s chy
(s tng nhit , to khi, pht sng), truyn tn hiu thch hp n trung tm bo
chy.
2.3.1. u bo chy nhit: l u bo chy t ng nhy cm vi s thay i nhit v
tc bin i nhit ca mi tr|ng xung quanh.
2.3.2. u bo chy khi: l u bo chy t ng nhy cm vi tc ng ca khi
2.3.3. u bo chy nh sng: l u bo chy t ng phn ng vi s pht sng ngn
la.

Tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 5738 : 1993

2.4.
2.5.
2.6.

Hp n nt bo chy: l thit b thc hin vic bo chy ban u bng tay.

Ngun in: thit b cp nng l|ng in cho h thng bo chy
Cc yu t lin kt: gm cc linh kin, h thng cp v dy tn hiu, cc b phn to
thnh tuyn lin kt vi nhau gia cc thit b ca h thng bo chy.
2.7. Trung tm bo chy: l thit b c th cung cp nng l|ng cho cc u bo chy t
ng v thc hin cc chc nng sau y:
- Nhn tn hiu t u bo chy t ng v pht lnh bo ng, ch thi ni xy ra
chy.
- Trong tr|ng hp cn thit, c th truyn tn hiu n ni nhn tin bo chy.
- Kim tra s lm vic bnh' th|ng ca h thng, ch th s c ca h thng nh|
t dy, chp mch.
3. Yu cu k thut ca cc u bo chy t ng
3.1. Cc u bo chy t ng phi m bo pht hin chy theo chc nng |c thit
k v cc c tnh k thut nu ra trong bng l. Vic la chn u bo chy t ng
theo chc nng sn xut, s dng ca nh, cng trnh tham kho ph lc.
Bng 1
c tnh k thut
1.Thi gian tc ng
2. Ng|ng tc ng

u bo chy nhit
Khng ln hn 120 giy
400C y 1700C

3. m khng kh ti Khng ln hn 98%

ni t bo
4. Nhit lm vic
-100C y 1700C
5. Din tch bo v
15m2 y 50m2

3.2.
3.3.

3.4.

3.5.
3.6.

u bo chy khi
Khng ln hn 30 giy
Mt khi ca mi
tr|ng 15% y 20%
Khng ln hn 98%

u bo chy nh sng
Khng ln hn 5 giy
Ngn la trn cao 15
mm cch u bo 3m
Khng ln hn 98%

-100C y 1700C
15m2 y 50m2

-100C y 1700C
Hnh chp c
1200chiu
cao
3m y 7m

S l|ng u bo chy t ng cn lp t cho mt khu vc ph thuc vo mc

cn thit pht hin chy trn ton b din tch ca khu vc.
Cc u bo chy khi v u bo chy nhit |c lp trn trn nh hoc mi nh.
Trong tr|ng hp khng lp |c trn trn nh hoc mi nh cho php lp trn x v
ct cho php treo cc u bo chy trn dy d|i trn nh hoc mi nh cc u bo
chy phi cch trn nh hoc mi nh khng qu 0,3m tnh c kch th|c ca u
bo chy t ng.
Cc u bo chy khi v nhit phi lp trong tng khoang ca trn nh |c gii
hn bi cc cu kin xy dng nh ra (x, dm, cnh. panen) ln hn 0,4m. Tr|ng
hp trn nh c nhng phn nh ra t 0,08 n 0,4m th din tch bo v ca mt
u bo chy t ng gim 25%.
Cc u bo chy t ng |c lp pha trn cc ng nguyn liu, gi k, thit b v
cu kin xy dng c cnh trn cch trn nh nh hn hoc bng 0,6m.
S u bo chy t ng mc trn mt knh ca h thng bo chy ph thuc vo
c tnh k thut ca trung tm bo chy. Cc u bo chy t ng phi s dng
theo yu cu k thut, tiu chun v l lch k thut ca u bo chy t ng c tnh
n iu kin mi tr|ng ni cn bo v.

gc
t

Tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 5738 : 1993

3.7.

Trong tr|ng hp trung tm bo chy khng c chc nng ch th a ch ca tng

u bo chy t ng mc trn mt knh, cc u bo chy t ng mc trn mt
knh cho php kim sot khng qu 5 cn phng hoc khu vc lin nhau hay 5 cn
phng hoc khu vc cch nhau trn cng mt tng nh c li ra hnh lang chung.
3.8. u bo chy khi.
3.8.1. S t|ng quan gia din tch bo v ca mt u bo chy khi, khong cch gia
cc u bo chy khi vi nhau v gia bo chy khi vi t|ng nh cn xc
nh theo bng 2 nh|ng khng |c ln hn tr s ghi trong yu cu k thut v l
lch k thut ca u bo chy khi.
Bng 2
cao lp u bo
chy, m

Din tch bo v ca
mi u bo chy, m2

D|i 3,5
T 3,5 y 6
T 6 y 10
T 10 y 12

D|i 85
70
65
55

Khong cch ti a, m
Gia cc u bo
chy

T u bo chy n
t|ng nh

9,0
8,5
8,0
7,5

4,5
4,0
4,0
3,5

3.8.2.

Trong nhng cn phng c chiu rng d|i 3m khong cch cho php gia cc
u bo chy l 15m.
3.9. u bo chy nhit
3.9.1. S t|ng quan gia din tch bo v ca mt u bo chy nhit, khong cch ti
a gia cc u bo chy nhit vi nhau v gia u bo chy nhit vi t|ng nh
cn xc nh theo bng 3, nh|ng khng ln hn cc tr s ghi trong iu kin k
thut v l lch k thut ca du bo chy nhit.
Bng 3
cao lp u bo
chy, m

Din tch bo v ca
mi u bo chy, m2

D|i 3,5
T 3,5 y 6,0
T 6,0 y 9

D|i 25
D|i 20
D|i 15

3.9.2.

Khong cch ti a, m
Gia cc u bo
chy

T u bo chy n
t|ng nh

5,0
4,5
4,0

2,5
2,0
2,0

Ng|ng tc ng ca u bo chy nhit phi ln hn nhit ti a cho php

trong phng l 200C.
3.10. u bo chy nh sng.
3.10.1. Cc u bo chy nh sng trong cc phng hoc khu vc |c lp trn trn nh,
t|ng v cc cu kin xy dng knc hoc lp ngay trn thit thit b cn bo v.
4. Yu cu k thut ca hp nt n bo chy
4.1. Hp nt n bo chy |c lp bn trong cng nh| bn ngoi nh v cng trnh |c
lp trn t|ng v cc cu kin xy dng cao l,5m tnh t mt sn hay mt t.

Tiu chun vit nam

4.2.

4.3.

4.4.
5.
5.1.
5.2.

5.3.
5.4.

5.5.
5.6.
5.7.
5.8.
5.9.

tcvn 5738 : 1993

Hp nt n bo chy phi lp ngay trn cc li thot nn (hnh lang, cu thang, li i

li) chiu ngh cu thang v xet thy cn thit c th lp trong trong tng phng.
Khong cch gia cc hp nt n bo chy khng qu 50m.
Nu hp nt n bo chy |c lp bn ngoi to nh th khong cch ti a cc hp
nt n bo chy l 150m v phi c k hiu r rng. Ch t cc hp nt n bo chy
cn c chiu sng nhn to.
Cc hp nt n bo chy c th lp theo knh ring ca trung tm bo chy hoc lp
chung trn mt knh vi cc u bo chy.
Yu cu k thut ca trung tm bo chy
D tr dung l|ng s knh hay vng ca trung tm bo chy khng |c nh hn
10%.
Trung tm bo chy phi t nhng ni lun c ng|i trc sut ngy m. Trong
tr|ng hp khng c ng|i trc sut ngy m, trung tm bo chy phi c chc
nng truyn cc tn hiu v chy v v s c n ni trc chy hay ni c ng|i
th|ng trc sut ngy m v c bin php phng nga ng|i khng c nhim v
tip xc vi trung tm bo chy.
Trung tm bo chy phi t trn t|ng, vch ngn, trn bn ti nhng ni khng
nguy him v chy v n.
Nu trung tm bo chy |c lp trn cc cu kin xy dng bng vt liu chy th
nhng cu kin n phi |c bo v bng l kim loi dy t l mm tr ln bng cc
vt liu khng chy khc c dy khng d|i l0mm.
Khong cch gia cc trung tm bo chy v trn nh bng vt liu chy khng nh
hn l,0m.
Trong tr|ng hp lp cnh nhau, khong cch gia cc trung tm bo chy khng
|c nh hn 50mm.
Nu trung tm bo chy lp trn t|ng hoc gi my th khong cch t trung tm
bo chy n mt sn t 0,8m n l,8m.
Nhit v m ti ni t trung tm bo chy phi ph hp vi l lch k thut v
h|ng dn s dng ca trung tm bo chy.
Ni t cc trung tm bo chy phi c in thoi lin lc trc tip vi i cha chy
hay ni nhn tin bo chy.

5.10. m sc ca thit b bo chy v tn hiu bo s c ca thit b phi khc nhau.

5.11. Vic lp cc u bo chy t ng vi trung tm bo chy phich n s ph hp
ca h thng (in p cp cho u bo chy, dng tn hiu bo chy, ph|ng php
pht hin s c, b phn kim tra |ng dy).
6. Yu cu k thut i vi h thng cp v dy dn tn hiu, dy dn ngun.
6.1. Vic chn dy dn v cp cho cc mch ca h thng bo chy phi tho mn tiu
chun, quy phm lp t thit b in v dy dn hin hnh c lin quan c tnh n
yu cu k thut ca tiu chun ny v ti liu k thut i vi tng loi thit b c
th.
6.2. Cc mch tn hiu bo chy phi |c kim tra t ng hoc bng tay tnh trng k
thut theo sut chiu di ca mch tn hiu.

Tiu chun vit nam

6.3.

6.4.
6.5.

6.6.

6.7.

6.8.
6.9.
7.
7.1.

7.2.

tcvn 5738 : 1993

Cc mch tn hiu bo chy phi s dng dy dn ring v cp li bng ng. Cc

mch tn hiu in p d|i 60V phi dng dy thng tin. Cho php s. dng cp
thng tin li ng ca mng thng tin hn hp nh|ng phi tch ring knh lin lc.
|ng knh li ng ca dy dn v cp thng tin khng |c nh hn 0,4mm.
Cc mch ngun ca trung tm bo chy v thit b iu khin phi dng dy dn v
cp ring. Khng |c mc cc dy ny i qua phng c u bo chy t ng tr
tr|ng hp cc dy dn ny l dy chu nhit cao hoc i trong cc cu kin xy
dng khng lan truyn la.
Khng cho php t chung cc mch c in p d|i 60V vi mch in p trn 60V
trong cng mt |ng ng, mt hp, mt b, mt rnh kn ca cu kin xy dng..
Cho php t chung cc mch trn khi c vch ngn dc bng vt liu khng chy c
gii hn chu la khng d|i 0,25 gi.
Trong tr|ng hp mc h song song th khong cch gia dy dn v cp ca h
thng bo chy v |ng dy in chiu sng v ng lc khng |c nh hn
0,5m.
Nu khong cch ny nh hn 0,5m phi c bin php chng nhit in t.
Trong tr|ng hp cn chng nhiu in t, phi s dng dy dn v cp c bc kim
loi hoc cp khng bc kim loi i trong ng, hp bng kim loi c tip t.
Cc dy dn tn hiu phi c i dy d phng. Cc hp du dy phi c s u ni
d phng l 20%. Ngun in v tip t bo v.
Ngun in v tip t bo v
H thng bo chy phi c ngun c quy d phng. Dung l|ng ca c quy phi m
bo t nht 24 g cho thit b hot ng ch th|ng trc v t nht 3 gi c
chy.
Cc trung tm bo chy phi tip t bo v. Vic tip t bo v tho mn yu cu
ca quy phm ni t thit b hin hnh.
Ph lc
Chn u bo t ng theo tnh cht cng trnh
u bo chy

Tnh cht cc c s

1
2
1. u bo chy nhit hoc A. C s sn xut
khi
I. C s sn xut v bo qun '
Sn xut g, nha tng hp, si tng hp, vt liu plime, dt, qun o
my sn, giy da, thuc l, hng lng th, giy xenlul, cao su, sn
phm cao su, cao su nhn to, phim , phim X quang d chy, bng....
2. u bo chy nhit hoc u - Du lng, sn, dung mi, cht lng d chy, cht lng chy, cht bi
trn, ho cht, r|u v sn phm ca r|u:
bo chy nh sng
- Kim loi kim, bt kim loi, cao su t nhin
3. u bo chy nh sng
- Bt m, thc n tng hp v thc phm khc, vt liu
4. u bo chy nhit
5. u bo chy nhit hoc
u bo chy nh sng

II. C s sn xut
- Giy cc tng, giy bi, thc n gia sc v gia cm
III. C s bo qun

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6. u bo chy nhit hoc
u bo chy khi
7. u bo chy nhit hoc
u bo chy khi
8. u bo chy khi
9. u bo chy nhit hoc
u bo chy nh sng

tcvn 5738 : 1993

- Vt liu khng chy ng trong bao b bng vt liu chy cht rn
chy |c.
B. cng trnh chuyn dng
- Phng t dy cp, phng my bin th, thit b phn phi bng in.
- Phng my tnh, thit b iu khin in t, my iu khin trm
in thoi t ng, bung pht thanh
- Phng thit b v ng dn cht lng, cht du m, phng th ng
c t trong phng th my nhin liu, phng np kh chy

10. u bo chy nhit hoc - X|ng bo d|ng t.

u bo chy khi
C. Nh v cng trnh cng cng
- Phng biu din, phng tp, ging |ng, phng c v hi tho,
phng din vin, phng ho trang, phng qun o, ni sa cha,
phng chiu phim, bung my, phng i, phng ngh hnh lang,
phng m, phng bo qun sch, phng l|u tr.
12. u bo chy nhit hoc - Kho o c phng hnh chnh qun tr, phng my, phng iu khin
khi
11. u bo chy khi

Ch : Trong mt phng c nhiu du hiu chy khc nhau giai on u khi lp u bo chy t ng
cn xc nh trn c s kinh t k thut.