Tutorial 5

Oct 7, 2016

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Problem 1

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Problem 1(contd)

Polar (of Lathi) is same as Bipolar RZ ( of Sklar)

a) BT = 2Rb : Rb = BT / 2 = 1.5 kbits / sec

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Problem 1(contd)

p(t) = rect(t/Tb);
P(w) = Tb sinc(wTb/2) = Tb Sinc(2pi f Tb/2)
Essential BW (BT)= Rb : Hence,
transmission bit rate = 3Kbits/sec

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Problem 1(contd)

BT = (1+ r )Rb/2 = 3000:

hence, Rb = 6000/1.25 = 4800 bits/sec

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Problem 1(contd)

Bipolar (of Lathi) is same as RZ-AMI (of Sklar)

Essential BW = Rb :
Bit rate possible is 3 kbits/s

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Problem 1(contd)

Bipolar (of Lathi) is same as RZ-AMI (of Sklar)

Essential BW = Rb : BT ; Hence, transmission bit rate = 3Kbits/sec

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Problem 2

a) Quantization Error = mp / L 0.01 mp

Hence L 100

L = 128 = 2 7

b) Sampling Rate = 1.25 X 4000 = 5000 samples / sec

Bit Rate / channel = 5000 X 7 = 35 Kbits

Bit Rate for 8 channels = 35 X 8 = 280 Kbits
BT = (1+ r )Rb/2 = 1.2 X 280 / 2= 168 Khz
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Problem 3

a) From the shape of P(w), explain if the

it satisfies Nyquist Criterion
Yes it does satisfy the Nyquist Criterion.

wb = 2p X 10 6

Excess BW wx = p X 10 6

Roll Off Factor r = 1

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Problem 3 (contd)

Since P(w) is zero after 2p X 10 6, the

required Transmission BT = 10 6
BT = (1+ r )Rb/2 = 10 6

Roll Off Factor r = 1

Hence Tb = 10 -6

Hence Rb = 10 6

Since p(nTb )= 1 for n = 0 and p(nTb ) = 0 and for

n 0, p(t) satisfies Nyquist Zero ISI criterion
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Problem 4
7.3-6 Binary data at a rate of 1 Mbps is to be transmitted using Nyquist
Criterion Pulses with P(w) shown in figure. The frequencies f1 and f2 of this
spectrum are adjustable. The channel available for the transmission of this
data has bandwidth of 700 KHz. Determine f1, f2 and the roll-off factor.

f2 = 700 KHz

Rb/2 = 500 KHz

Fx = 700 500 = 200 KHz

F1 = Rb/2 Fx = 300 KHz
r = fx / (Rb/2) = 0.4
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Problems 5 & 6
5) A 64 Kbps binary PCM Bipolar NRZ signal is passed through a
communication system with a raised cosine filter with roll off factor
0.25. Determine the bandwidth of the PCM signal and the bandwidth of
the filtered PCM signal.
Ans :

BW= 32 KHz

BW of filtered PCM signal= 40 KHz

6) A telephone line of bandwidth 4 KHz required to transmit at 6 kbps

using raised cosine pulses. Determine the roll off factor . What data
rate is supported for = 0.25 and full roll off
Ans : = 0.33
For = 0..25, data rate= 6400 Kbps
For = 1, data rate= 4000 Kbps
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Problem 7: Zero Forcing Equalizer.

In a certain communication system that uses Nyquists criterion pulses, a
received pulse pr(t) has the following non-zero sample values:
pr(0) = 1, pr(Tb) = 1, pr(2Tb) = - 0.02, pr(-Tb) = 0.3, pr(-2Tb) = -0.07,
Determine the tap settings of a three-tap, zero- forcing equalizer.
Z =

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