Como 1

Kristin Como
Mrs. DeBock
English 4 Honors
23 September 2016
Annotated Bibliography
Pascoe, Elaine. "The Premarin Predicament." Practical Horseman 27.4 (1999): 52. MasterFILE
Premier. Web. 23 Sep. 2016.
In this article, Pascoe talks of the drug Premarin and how it is the most commonly
prescribed drug in America. It is a hormone replacement drug for women who are going through
menopause. Most women who take this do so because it is the most commonly known drug of
its kind and it is what they are comfortable with since they have heard the name so much. It also
talks of severe side effects of the medicine that most women are not aware of. This article
supports that Premarin has hidden drawbacks.

MORGENTHALER, JOHN, and JONATHAN V. WRIGHT. "Don't Let Your Doctor Give You
Horse Urine." Total Health 20.5 (1998): 8. Alt HealthWatch. Web. 23 Sep. 2016.
Morgenthaler states that the word Premarin derives from the Pregnant Mare Urine
which is what this medicine is made out of. He then goes into explaining how the drug is from
an animal that is much larger than ourselves, and so the estrogen that is produced is much more
concentrated than that of what our body is used to and it can cause issues within us. Taking
Premarin can cause multiple types of cancers, as well as unnatural feelings. He asks, why not
use human hormones for human medicine? By referencing this article, the fact that premarin is
not practical will be proven.

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Evans, Heather. "Saving The Innocents: A Journey To The Source To Say "Night" To Premarin."
Townsend Letter 280 (2006): 19. Alt HealthWatch. Web. 1 Sept. 2016.
Evans visited a pharmaceutical headquarters in Madison, New Jersey in order to gain
insight on the production of this drug. She talks of now mares are in stalls that are so small that
they cannot lie down, turn around, or walk. Standing in this position for so long can cause
medical issues with horses legs. After the mares cannot be bred anymore, they are shipped,
along with the babies that are a result of the artificial insemination, are either shipped off to a
slaughterhouse with their mother, or kept to replace the worn- out mares. By including this
article as one of my references, it can be proved that premarin is not an ethical drug to use.

Gaby, Alan R. "Premarin And Animal Cruelty." Townsend Letter For Doctors & Patients 136
(1994): 1250. Alt HealthWatch. Web. 1 Sept. 2016.
Mares who are on this product line are kept in small stalls for 6-9 months during their
pregnancies. Because of this, they are not able to move around which can lead to crippling
injuries that result in death if not treated for properly. Along with this, the mares are often
dehydrated in order to make the estrogen more potent. All of this combined leads to a life of
mistreatment and misery. This article supports that animals that go through this go through more
than one type of abuse just to make estrogen for human use.

"Premarin: Cruelty A Hidden By-Product." Herizons 8.3 (1994): 7. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 1
Sept. 2016.
Mares who are on the production line are fitted with rubber tubes and cups which collect
the urine straight from their bladder. Since the urine is 17 dollars a gallon, they cannot be let out

Como 2
to graze because this would mean the loss of their product. This is why the mares are forced to
stay in their stalls where they cannot move for most of the duration of their almost year- long
pregnancy. When the mares give birth. They are then allowed two months out to pasture with
their foals to recover, and are then re-impregnated immediately, while their foals are either
shipped off to slaughter, or used to replace old, worn- out mares.

LANGE, KAREN E. "Prescription For Cruelty." All Animals 17.2 (2015): 11. Middle Search
Plus. Web. 31 Aug 16.
Three mares, Delilah, Sydney, and Bonnie are now living the rest of their lives out in a
sanctuary in Oregon after being at a PMU farm for most of their lives. However, they are much
more slowed down than a normal horse should be at their age. They have sustained years of
injuries from standing in those cramped stalls, and are not taken care of because as soon as the
horses show signs of discomfort and inflammation, they are drugged up with antinflammatory
drugs. Although the secret cruelty of the industry is being brought to light, the industry is not
dying. It is just moving across seas where consumers continue to purchase. Among the some
50,000 horses that were being kept in PMU farms across America and Canada, there are now
roughly 4.000. By using this article, it will show that even the horses who do make it out of the
industry alive will suffer from lifelong injuries that could have been avoided.