Correct Method and Sequence for Gua Sha

The sequence for gua sha depends on the health condition, 1st scrub the nape of
neck, then back, then chest, last arms and legs. This is the general principle. The
basic direction for gua sha is based on the "Yin Up / Yang Down" principle from
Chinese meridian theory. As for the method of gua sha, it'll be described in detail
in the following sections.
(1) For the nape of neck and the back, the procedure is:
1. Scrub the nape of neck and the back: From the back of
cervical vertebra, through the thoracic vertebrae, until the
end of coccyx. Separate the path to 2 sections. Scrub one
section at a time.

2 .Scrub left and right shoulder: First left then right.

3. Scrub Bladder Meridian's acupuncture points: From B-11
to the waist. They are located 1.5 Cun from the
Governing Vessel Meridian, left side and right side.

4. Follow the figure, use

Bladder Meridian as the
center, and scrub 5 to 7
oblique lines. Use rib
spacing as a reference to
separate these lines. Never
scrub the whole area.
(2) Scrub the chest:
1. First scrub Conception
Vessel Meridian: The path
from VC-22 to lower
abdomen can be separated to 3 sections. The first section is chest. The second
section is from the region between the ribs to navel. The third section is from
navel to VC-22. Scrubs section by section, never scrub
to the end once. The navel can be lightly scrubbed.
2. Center Conception Vessel Meridian, from VC-22 down,
scrub 3 to 5 oblique lines to the left and right sides.
Don't scrub the breast.

(3) Scrub arms and legs: Arms and legs, inner side and
outer side are different.
1. Outer side of arm: Scrub from tip of finger toward
elbow and shoulder.
www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 1 de 36

2. Inner side of arm: Scrub from shoulder to elbow and finger tip.

3. Lado externo e posterior das pernas: Esfregue da coxa em direo ao joelho e

p.
4. Lado interno das pernas: Esfregue para cima da ponta interna do tornozelo em
direo ao joelho.

(4) Gua sha tool should be perpendicular to the skin. Always keep the same angle
for every direction.
(5) Only scrub with force in one direction. Don't scrub in return direction.
www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 2 de 36

(6) Scrub evenly, not too quickly, too heavily, too hastily, in order not to let
patient feel scared and painful, affecting the gua sha's result.
(7) The complete gua sha and Ventosa procedure is:
1. Scrub relevant meridian, acupuncture points and body parts according to
patient's condition.
2. Depends on the condition of sha and illness,
select 1 to 3 places, tap the skin lightly with the
plum blossom needle tool.
3. Quickly apply Ventosa on the location tapped
in step 2.
4. Remove the cups after 3 to 5 minutes.
5. Apply moxibustion on these locations 3 to 5
minutes.
(2) Gua Sha Lubricant
Main function is for lubrication. According to ancient Chinese books, in early
days only water was used for lubrication. Later Sesame oil and other oil were
used too. Some Chinese herbs were added in the oil in order to help the flow of
Qi and blood. The gua sha oil developed by the association of Chinese
Scientific Qi Gong has 12 Chinese herbs in the oil. It is very efficient to help the
flow of chi and blood.
Because the main function of gua sha lubricant is for lubrication, any oil like
Ponds, Vaseline can serve the purpose.

(II) Equipment for Ventosa

(1) Ventosa Set

It can directly pull out the sha and drive the sick qi away. It can accelerate the
circulation of Qi and blood. Its effect is very astonishing. In Chin dynasty, the
cups were made of earth. Later, the cups were made of glass. They are easily
broken, and hard to use. They are very to burn the skin.
Recently a Korean invented pump type Ventosa set, eliminating the
shortcoming of glass Ventosa set. And they are easy to use. So they soon
replaced the glass ones, becoming the most popular tools in gua sha and
Ventosa. There are many different brands, their qualities are varied. Users
need to be careful to pick up the good ones.
(2) Skin Needle Tool
It is also called Plum Blossom needle tool, seven star needle tool. After Gua
sha, tap the skin with the Plum Blossom needle tool, then apply Ventosa, the
clogged sha can be directly pulled out.
(3) Three Angle Needle Tool
After gua sha, if there are purple traces, then the three angle needle tool is
used to let a few drops of blood out of that area.
(4) Moxa Roll
After gua sha and Ventosa, apply Moxibustion to the affected part for 3 to 5
minutes.

WATCH LIST FOR GUA SHA AND VENTOSA:

Watch List for Gua Sha
www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 3 de 36

(I) Situations which gua sha can not be

applied (prohibited for beginner, not
prohibited for professionals)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

10.
11.
12.
13.

14.

15.

16.
17.
18.

The following places are prohibited for gua sha:

Furuncle, acne, malignant tumor, ulcerated area on the skin, bone fracture,
breast and navel.
Patients of diabetes, heart diseases, hemophilia, hepatitis, are prohibited for
gua sha; especially hemophilia is due to lack of platelet; the blood is hard to
congeal.
If the patient is elderly or weak, you need to be very careful when applying
gua sha.
For pregnant woman, applying gua sha lightly can help to clean the blood very
effectively; but applying gua sha with lots of force will cause miscarriage; be
very careful.
For a woman who suffers from leucorrhea, gonorrhea, pregnant, or who is in
menstruation, doesnt apply gua sha on her.
If the patient's body calcium content is abnormal, causing bone fracture, don't
apply gua sha on him/her.
Don't apply gua sha to the injured area with lots of force.
Don't apply gua sha within half an hour before and after the meal.
During gua sha, lower the shoulder, focus your mind, take off anything from
your hands and arms, for example, watch or bracelet, straighten your back,
watch the face of the patient, pay attention to the changes of his/her facial
expression.
The reason why feeling more painful than before at the places after gua sha is
because the obstruction of blood circulation is eliminated. So don't stop
applying gua sha then.
There is no solid rule that you have to use right hand or left hand to apply gua
sha. You can use whatever hand that you are used to.
After gua sha, you'll feel thirsty. You should drink one or two cups of lukewarm
water or drink water with salt added in.
For patients with serious illness, if traces of blood or even coagulated blood
appear during gua sha, remember that this is a good sign, you can continue to
gua sha. Within one or two weeks, the patient will have a fever, this is also
good response. It shows that the body has the power of resistance.
Occasionally after several times of gua sha, the patient's leg will have small
red spots, eczema or sore openings. It means that some toxin has been
expelled from these openings. The expelled places are related to the illness of
internal organs.
Feeling sleepy, yawning, false bowel movement, too much secretion of the
eyes, running nose, the body producing bad odor, feeling painful and sore at
unexpected places. These are the good signs. Keeping gua sha will have good
result.
It is better to finish gua sha in 30 minutes each time. Not over 50 minutes.
Before gua sha, diagnose abnormal places very carefully. Check if the skin is
injured, bleeding, ulcerous or tumor of the vein. Need to apply gua sha lightly
at the places which are more painful.
When apply gua sha to patients of serious illness, mental illness, or terminal
stage of cancer, need to be very careful.
www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 4 de 36

19.

When an acute abdominal illness seizures, check the related gua sha area for
B-23, ???, B-20, B-21, B-22. It is easier to find out the cause of illness this way
than checking individual organs. Only need to apply regular pressure
stimulation, then very sensitive response can appear.

(III) For patients:

1.
2.

3.

The patient should trust the doctor. The effect of treatment will be faster.
If the patient's illness is cancer, or the body of the patient is severely damaged
by external injury, even it is not possible to recover back to original state, with
proper gua sha treatment, the pain can be soothed and the mind will be
relaxed.
Before gua sha the patient should not be hungry, working too hard, tired, not
enough sleep, or too tense.
A patient with backache, 3 or 4 days after gua sha will feel that the backache
is suddenly more serious than before. This is the best symptom. After this day,
your illness is half way cured. Because feeling painful means that your blood
circulation overcomes the obstacle.
Scrub B-22 and Lymph area will cause fever. This is normal response. But the
doctor can not apply too much force while gua sha.

4.

5.

(IV) For nursing one's health after Gua Sha

1.
2.

Drink a cup of lukewarm water or cold drinking water (never ice water or hot
water) to improve metabolism.
2 or 3 days after gua sha, you will feel painful at the places of gua sha. This is
normal response.
After gua sha need to rest for 15 minutes. If sweating, need to wipe it out right
away. Never eat oily, sour, spicy food, and food which is hard to digest.

3.

(V) Watch list for eating and drinking

1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

Should take medicine while cold or lukewarm, never hot.

When the illness is almost cured, the patient's appetite has been recovered.
Sometimes the patient will have excellent appetite. The patient still feel
hungry after eating lots of food. At this moment, the patient has to stop
eating. The patient should fast a couple times and then resume normal eating.
If not so, the illness is very easy to relapse.
The patient should eat simple and easily digestible food, for example, corn
gruel, millet gruel.
The patient should not eat fatty food, hot soup, hot wine and spicy food, in
order not to affect the efficiency of the treatment and worsen the illness.
If the patient has the following symptoms related to indigestion or dyspepsia:
don't want to eat, got bellyache after eating, fart, stinking night soil, the
patient should eat less. It is even better if the patient can fast a couple times.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 5 de 36

Alergia
Guasha: IG-4, B-1,
E-3, E-8, VB-20, VG14, B-13, B-23, BP6
Ventosa: B-23, R-7

Bronquite

Guasha: B-13, B14, B-15, B-23,

B-47, P-1, VC-17,
VC-14, R-16, P-4,
P-6
Ventosa: P-1, VC17, B-13

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 6 de 36

Tonsilite
Guasha: (1) E-10, E-11, VC-12, IG-4, B-10, VB-20, IG-17.
Guasha: (2) From VG-15 to VG-14.
Ventosa: VG-14.

Pneumonia
Guasha: P-1, P-2, P-11, B-13, B-20, B-21, B-25, E-25.
Ventosa: P-1, B-13.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 7 de 36

Asma

Guasha: Scrub
VC-17, VC-14,
C-7, CS-4 and
VG-14, VB-21,
B-13, B-15.
Need to watch
out if the
patient feels
very painful
while
scrubbing the
VG-14. To cure
children's bronchial asthma, need to scrub B-13 besides VG-14. If at
the mean time there is a sore shoulder, need to scrub VB-21 too. If
the patient feels stagnantly in the chest, scrub B-15. If asthma is very
serious, scrub VC-22, P-1 too.
Ventosa: VG-12, VG-4.

Palpitao
Guasha: B-14, B-15, C-7, CS-4, R-7.
Ventosa: B-14, R-7.

Corao, aperto (constrio)

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 8 de 36

Guasha: (1)
From B-12 to
B-17.
Guasha: (2)
B-22, B-23.
Guasha: (3)
Heart
Meridian,
Small
Intestine
Meridian.
Ventosa: B14, B-23.

Angina
Pectoris
Guasha: (1)
Press and drag
from B-15 to B23. It can relax
the spirit and
muscle.
Guasha: (2)
Press and drag
the Stomach
Meridian and
Small Intestine Meridian. It prohibits the stomach to press the
diaphragm and the heart, in order not to provoke the heart into
produce gripping pain.
Ventosa: B-15, B-17, B-21.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 9 de 36

Hipertenso
Guasha: VG-20, B-10, E-9, VC-4, VB-21, B-15, B-17, B-23, IG-4, R-1. It
can stabilize the blood pressure.
Ventosa: B-23, B-17.

Hipotenso

Guasha: VG-20, B-10, VB-21, B-15, B-23, IG-5, R-3, P-9, R-16, E-27.
Ventosa: B-23, B-15.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 10 de 36

Hemiplegia
Guasha: B-10, VB-21, B-14 to B-23, ID-11, B-50, P-1, VC-17, VC-12, E25, VC-4, ???, P-5, CS-7, ???, R-3, B-60, BP-9, E-35, E-36.
Ventosa: B-15, B-18, B-23, VC-17, E-36, E-35, ???.

Frio,
Averso

Guasha: VC-17,
R-16, E-27, R-9,
B-14, B-23, B25, B-31, R-1.
If the foot is
very cold,
press and drag
harder on R-1.
If both the
hand and the
foot are very cold, press and drag harder on TA-4. Ventosa: B-23.
Tambm
aplicar moxa
em R-7.

Cirrose
Heptica

Guasha: VC12, Pain Spot,

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 11 de 36

E-36, CS-6, VC-4, F-14, F-13, B-18, B-20, B-23. Apply moxibustion
after gua sha.
Ventosa: VC-12, E-36, B-18, F-14.

Bao, mau

funcionamento
Guasha: B-20, B-21, B-27, F-13, VC-12, B-18, B-15, BP-6.
Ventosa: B-20, BP-6.

Fraqueza
Guasha: VG-12,
B-18, B-23, VC12, E-27, TA-4,
BP-6.
Ventosa: VG12, VC-12, BP6.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 12 de 36

Magreza
Guasha: B-18,
B-20, B-23, BP6, VC-17, VC-12,
VC-4, E-36.
Ventosa: BP-6,
E-36.

Obesidade
Guasha: B-22, B-23,
B-60, VC-12, VB-29,
VC-4, BP-10, E-34,
B-54, B-57, BP-8.
Ventosa: B-23, VC12.

Cansar, facilmente
Guasha: B-18,
B-22, B-23, R-3,
TA-4, VC-17, VC12, R-16, VC-4,
R-1.
Ventosa: B-23,
VC-12, VC-17.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 13 de 36

Gastrite
Guasha: VC-14,
VC-12, E-25, B-17
to B-19, B-22.
Ventosa: B-17, B21.

Duodeno,
lcera
Guasha: VC12, E-25, E27, E-42, B17, B-18, B20, B-23, E36, BP-6.
Ventosa: VC12, B-17.

Estomago, cibra / neurite / lcera

Guasha: (1) B18, B-19, B20, VC-14, VC12, E-34, E-36.
Guasha: (2)
Lightly press
and drag
uncomfortable
area.
Ventosa: E-36,
VC-12.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 14 de 36

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 15 de 36

Intestinos, Catarro crnico

Guasha: B23, B-25, B27, BP-6, IG10, E-25, E27, VC-4, E36.
Ventosa: B23, B-27.
Apply
moxibustion
on VC-8.

Arrto

Guasha: 1.
Scrub CS-6,
VC-12, VC22 first. If
the belch
doesn't stop,
also scrub F14, E-36.
Apply
moxibustion
on VC-6 15
units. Scrub
B-17, B-20, B-21 first then apply moxibustion on them. 2. Scrub IG-17,
E-11, VC-14, B-17, IG-4. (Normally used for non-stopping belch)
Ventosa: VC-12, B-17, VC-14.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 16 de 36

Constipao
Guasha: VB-34, VC-12, E-25, E-27, B-20, B-22, B-25.
Ventosa: VB-34, E-25.

Flatulncia

Guasha: (1) Press and drag Large Intestine Meridian, especially IG-2.
Guasha: (2) Lightly press and drag the center of the palm and the foot
arch.
Guasha: (3) B-18, B-19, B-20, B-21.
Ventosa: B-18, B-21, VC-8.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 17 de 36

Anorexia
Guasha: VC12, R-16, E-36,
B-18, B-20, B21.
Ventosa: VC12, E-36.

Metabolismo, doenas do
Guasha: VG-20, B-17 to B-23.
Ventosa: B-17, B-23, VC-12.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 18 de 36

Diabetes
Guasha: E-25,
E-27, VB-20,
B-10, B-18, B20, B-21, B23, BP-9, BP6, E-36.
Ventosa: B20, B-23.

Tireide, Hiperfuno
Guasha: First press and drag the
whole palm and sole once, then
press and drag B-20, B-21.
Ventosa: B-20.

Dismenorria, Menstruao Dolorosa

Guasha: (1)
Press and drag
the back, waist,
from VC-6 to
VC-3, and both
shoulders.
Guasha: (2) R-3
to R-9.
Ventosa: B-23.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 19 de 36

Disfuno Fisiolgica (das atividades vitais)

Guasha: (1) VC-4, E27, B-31, B-48.
Guasha: (2) From
BP-6 to BP-9.
Ventosa: BP-6, VC-4.

Menopausa

Guasha: VG-20, B-10,

VB-21, B-14, B-31, B48, R-3, VC-17, VC-4.
Ventosa: VB-21, VC17.

Miopia
Guasha: (1)
Press and drag
the Kidney,
Urethra,
Bladder reflexzones.
Guasha: (2)
From B-18 to
B-23.
www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 20 de 36

Guasha: (3) VB-34.

Ventosa: B-18, VB-34.

Vista
Cansada
Guasha: B-1, B2, B-10, VB-20,
from B-18 to B23, R-7.
Ventosa: B-23,
B-18, R-7.

P de Atleta

Guasha: (1)4th and 5th

toe.
Guasha: (2) B-22, B-23.
Guasha: (3) BP-6.
Ventosa: BP-6.

Pele
spera
Guasha: (1)
From B-12 to B17.
Guasha: (2)
From B-23 to B25.
www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 21 de 36

Guasha: (3) From the region between the ribs to VC-12.

Ventosa: B-13, VC-12, B-23.

Envelhecimento, pele e msculos

Guasha: (1) From
B-12 to B-23.
Guasha: (2) TA-4,
VC-12, TA-1.
Ventosa: B-23, VC12.

Urticaria, Eczema
Guasha: (1)
From B-18 to
B-23.
Guasha: (2)
VG-20, VG-14,
IG-11, IG-10,
TA-4, VC-12,
E-36.
Ventosa: B-18,
B-20, B-23.

Frieira

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 22 de 36

Guasha: BP6, VC-12, E25, VG-14,

from B-13 to
B-23, B-25,
TA-4, IG-4.
Ventosa: B23, E-25.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 23 de 36

Acne
Guasha: B-12,
B-13, from B18 to B-23,
VG-4, P-1, F14, VC-12, R16.
Ventosa: B-13,
B-13, B-20.

Cabelo,
Queda
Guasha: P-1, VC12, VC-4, VG-20,
B-10, VG-14, from
B-13 to B-23, IG-4,
from P-5 to P-9.
Ventosa: VC-12, B17.

Caxumba
Guasha: From IG-4
to P-11, from R-7 to
R-9, from B-12 to B13.
Ventosa: R-9, B-13.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 24 de 36

Halitose
Guasha: (1) For
Halitosis due to the
disease of the cavity of
the mouth, fix the
teeth completely.
Guasha: (2) For
Halitosis due to the
malfunction of the
Stomach and
Intestines, press and
drag B-15 to B-21, C-7.
Ventosa: B-15.

Varizes

Guasha: (1)
Press and drag
the reflexzones of
Kidney,
Urethra,
Bladder,
Adrenal Gland
and Vertebra.
Guasha: From
BP-6 to BP-9.
Ventosa: BP-6.

Hemorroidas
Guasha: (1) VG-6,
VG-1, Add VG-20 for
those whose' piles
slip out of the anus.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 25 de 36

Guasha: (2) LUNG MERIDIAN, LARGE INTESTINE MERIDIAN.

Guasha: (3) B-54.
Ventosa: P-6, B-54.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 26 de 36

Lumbago

Guasha: VC-12, R-16, BP-9, E-36, B-22, B-23, B-47, B-25, VB-29, B-27.
Ventosa: B-23, E-36.

Citica

Guasha: From B22 to B-28, B-50,

B-51, B-54, B-57,
VB-34, E-36, VB39, E-41.
Ventosa: B-23, E36.

Joelho, dor no

Guasha: B-54, B-57, F8, B-53, R-1, BP-6, E34, BP-10, E-35, E-36.
Ventosa: BP-10, E-36,
Pain Spot.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 27 de 36

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 28 de 36

Costas, dor
Guasha: ID-15,
ID-14, VB-21, B11, B-12, B-13,
B-14, B-15, B17, B-36, B-37,
B-42, ID-13, ID12.
Ventosa: Pain
Spot.

Ombro, dor

Guasha: If arm
pain, scrub IG-15,
IG-11, IG-10, IG-4,
CS-3, CS-5, TA-3,
ID-7, ID-4, ID-3. If
pain at the
shoulder, scrub B11, ID-15, VB-21,
ID-13. If pain at
the back of
shoulder, scrub VB-21, IG-15, ID-13, TA-4 and ID-9.
Ventosa: Pain Spot.

Ombro, dor dos 50

Guasha: P-2, P-1, VB-20, B-10,
TA-15, IG-15, ID-11, B-23.
Ventosa: P-1, IG-15, ID-11.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 29 de 36

Pescoo/Ombro duro
Guasha: B-10, VB-20, VB-21,
B-13, B-38, B-18, B-25.
Ventosa: VB-21, B-38.

Pescoo, dor
muscular
Guasha: First press and
drag the VB-20 on the
sick side, then press and
drag VG-14, VB-21, ID-9,
TA-5, VB-39, Pain Spot. It
should stop the pain. One
or two times should cure
the pain.
Ventosa: VG-14, Pain
Spot.

Pernas
cansadas
Guasha: B-54,
B-57, R-1, BP-6,
E-36, E-41, B22, B-23, VB-29,
B-25, B-51.
www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 30 de 36

Ventosa: E-36, B-23.

Cintura com
musculatura
cansada
Guasha: VG-4, B-23, VG-3,
B-25, B-26, E-41.
Ventosa: Pain Spot.

Brao, dor

Guasha: Scrub the

following
acupuncture points
in order: VG-14, VB21, TA-4, ID-11, B23, P-1, IG-14, C-3,
P-5, CS-4, C-7, IG11, IG-5, TA-4. For
the pain from the tip
of the little finger to
elbow, through the middle of the palm to the middle finger, need to
scrub C-3, C-7.
Ventosa: VG-14, ID-11, IG-11.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 31 de 36

Panturrilha,
cibra

Guasha: B-25, B-28,

B-54, B-57, R-1, R-3,
B-60.
Ventosa: B-54, B-57.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 32 de 36

Tontura
Guasha: Press
and drag the
Govern Vessel
Meridian and
Bladder
Meridian from
neck to hip, the
left and right
sides of calf.
Ventosa: B-18,
VG-14, VB-34.

Enjo em
viagens
Guasha: VG20, B-10, TA17, VC-12, B18, B-20, R-9.
Ventosa: VC12, B-18.

Cabea, dor de

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 33 de 36

Insnia

Ressaca
Guasha: B-10,
VC-17, VC-12,
VC-7, IG-4, E-36,
B-13, IG-8, B-23.
Ventosa: B-18,
E-36.

Artrite Reumatide Crnica

Guasha: B-10, TA14, TA-4, B-18, B20, B-23, B-54, VC14, P-5, VC-4, CS-7.
Ventosa: B-23, Pain
Spot.

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 34 de 36

Maquiagem

Esterelidade
Guasha: B23, B-48,
B-28, VC-4,
VC-3, BP-6.
Ventosa: B23, VC4(for man
only), VC3(for
woman
only).

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 35 de 36

www.geocities.com\kptsao2000\eguasha.htm Pg 36 de 36