EXPERIMENT-9

TRANSFER FUNTION OF A DC GENERATOR

AIM: To experimentally determine the transfer function of generator.
THEORY:

Fig: D.C Generator.

Vg (t) = Kg If (t)
di(t)
Vf (t) =Lf dt + Rf if(t)
Laplace transforming,

Vf(s) = LfsIf (s) = Rfif (s)

Vf ( s)
If(s) = Lfs+ Rs

Vg (s) =Kg If(s)=

KgVf (s)
Lfs+ Rf

Where Kg=generator emf constant. In block diagram form the D.C generator is represented as
shown below.

Vf(S)

1/ (L1111
fS+Rf)

If(S)

Kg

Vg(S)

Block diagram of D.C. generator.

Vg(s)
Kg
Transfer function= Vf (s) = Lfs + Rf
Constants Kg, Lf and Rf are determined in this experiment and substituted in the above expression
to determine the transfer function.
The experiment consist of 3 parts
1 Determination of Open Circuit characteristic of the generator and hence determination of
Kg
2
3

Vg
If

Determination of field resistance through field resistance drop test.

Determination of inductance of generator field through field impedance test.

OCC of DC Generator
Fig10.3

Field Resistance Test

Fig10.4

Fig10.5
Field Impedance drop test
1 Make connections as per figure 1.Keep variac in minimum position by gradually
increasing output. Start and run the motor up to rated value i.e. 1500 r.p.m.
2 To determine Kg, magnetization characteristic IfvsVg has to be found. Use the
Vg
straight line portion to find Kg= If .
3
4

Field resistance of the generator Rf is determined using the circuit as in figure2.

Measure voltage across Z and ZZ while current I is also noted.
To find Lf of the generator first the impedance Zr is determined by voltmeter Ammeter
method as shown in figure 3using ac supply. Then Xf and Lf can be determined.

Zf =
Rdc =

Vac
If
Vzz
I

Rf =1.2Rdc
*Zf= R f 2+(2 fL f ) 2
Z f 2= R f 2+(2 fL f ) 2
*indicates that the terms containing superscript as 2 are being shown as terms with 2
suffixed e.g. Rf2 is shown as Rf2.
Lf can be obtained from above equation. Magnetization characteristic is drawn from the
following Observations.
GRAPH:

Eg

If
Eg = generated voltage
If = field current.
OBSERVATIONS:
If(amps)

Eg(volts)

Vdc(Volts)

Idc(Amps)

Rdc=Vdc/Idc

SELF ASSESSMENT:
1. Derive the transfer function of DC Generator
2. With what assumptions can we simulate the transfer function model.
RESULT: