Desakota

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Desakota is a term used in urban geography used to describe areas in the extended surroundings
of large cities, in which urban and agricultural forms of land use and settlement coexist and are
intensively intermingled.
The term was coined by the urban researcher Terry McGee of the University of British
Columbia around 1990. It comes from Indonesian desa "village" and kota "city".[1] Desakota areas
typically occur in Asia, especially South East Asia. Examples can be found in the urbanised regions
of Java,[2] the densely populated, delta-shaped areas on the peripheries of the Jakarta agglomeration
("Jabodetabek"), but also the extended metropolitan regions of Bangkok or Manila.[3]
Desakota areas are situated outside the periurban zones, from which daily commuting is easily
possible, i.e. more than 30 or 50 km off the city centre. They often sprawl alongside arterial and
communication roads, sometimes from one agglomeration to the next. They are characterised by
high population density and intensive agricultural use (especially wet-rice cultivation), but differ from
densely populated rural areas by more urban-like characteristics.[4] These criteria are: developed
transport networks, high population mobility, increasing activity outside the agricultural sector, the
coexistence of many different forms of land use, more female participation in paid labour, and
unregulated land use.[5]
Given their rambling extent and indistinct boundaries, the emergence of Desakota regions brings
difficulties for the administration, as uniform plans, regulations or designs are hardly viable.
Desakota regions are characterised by high mobility of goods and services and rapid change in
patterns of settlement. They usually elude the division in functually specialised zones that is
conventionally applied in urban geography. Completely different forms of use, as e.g. traditional
agriculture, large scale and cottage industry, amusement parks and golf courses, shopping centres
and retail parks, and forms of settlement from shanty towns togated community coexist in them close
to each other.[6]
Outside South East Asia, areas with comparable features have been described in China, [7][8][9] India,
Japan, Taiwan,[10] and South Korea.[11]

See also[edit]

Urban sprawl

Bunnell, Tim; Drummond, Lisa B.W.; Ho, K.C., eds. (2002). Critical
Reflections on Cities in Southeast Asia. Singapur: Times Academic
Press. ISBN 981-210-192-6.

Guldin, Gregory Eliyu (1997). Desakotas and Beyond: Urbanization

in Southern China. Farewell to Peasant China: Rural Urbanization
and Social Change in the Late Twentieth Century. Armonk NY: M.
E. Sharpe. pp. 47.

Literature[edit]

Hebbert, Michael (1994). Sen-biki amidst Desakota: Urban Sprawl

and Urban Planning in Japan. Planning for Cities and Regions in
Japan. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. pp. 7091.

McGee, Terry G. (1991). The Emergence of Desakota Regions in

Asia: Expanding a Hypothesis. The Extended Metropolis:
Settlement Transition Is Asia. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
pp. 325. ISBN 0-8248-1297-2.

McGee, T.G. (2009), The Spatiality of Urbanization: The Policy

Challenges of Mega-Urban and Desakota Regions of Southeast
Asia (PDF), UNU-IAS Working Paper (161), United Nations
University Institute of Advanced Studies

Pelling, Mark; Mustafa, Daanish (2010), Vulnerability, Disasters and

Poverty in Desakota Systems (PDF), Environment, Politics and
Development Working Paper (31), Department of Geography,
Kings College London

References[edit]
1. Jump up^ Cairns, Stephen (2002), "Troubling Real-estate:
Reflecting on Urban Form in Southeast Asia", Critical Reflections
on Cities in Southeast Asia, p. 117
2. Jump up^ McGee, Terry G. (2002), "Reconstructing The
Southeast Asian City in an Era of Volatile Globalization", Critical
Reflections on Cities in Southeast Asia, pp. 3334
3. Jump up^ McGee (2002), Reconstructing The Southeast Asian
City, pp. 4748
4. Jump up^ McGee (1991), The Emergence of Desakota Regions
in Asia., pp. 67
5. Jump up^ Chia, Lin Sien; Perry, Martin (2003),
"Introduction", Southeast Asia Transformed: A Geography of
Change, Singapur: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies,
p. 12, ISBN 981-230-119-4
6. Jump up^ Cairns (2002), Troubling Real-estate, p. 118
7. Jump up^ Guldin (1997), Desakotas and Beyond, pp. 48, 62
8. Jump up^ Sui, Daniel Z.; Zeng, Hui (2001), "Modeling the
dynamics of landscape structure in Asia's emerging desakota
regions: A case study in Shenzhen", Landscape and Urban
Planning, 53 (14): 3752, doi:10.1016/s0169-2046(00)00136-5
9. Jump up^ Xie, Yichun; Batty, Michael; Zhao, Kang, Simulating
Emergent Urban Form: Desakota in China (PDF), CASA Working

Paper (95), Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University

College London
10. Jump up^ Stone, C.S.; Chi, Chang-Liang (2012). "Contesting
Urban and Rural Space in Desakota Regions of Taiwan A Case
Study of I-Lan County". Environment and Urbanization Asia. 3 (1):
93120.doi:10.1177/097542531200300106.
11. Jump up^ Hebbert (1994), Sen-biki amidst Desakota, p. 71

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