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2011 RefineryConfigurations
2011 RefineryConfigurations
2011 RefineryConfigurations
middle distillates
A comparison of configurations for upgrading residual oil products for the
maximum production of diesel
Arun Arora and Ujjal Mukherjee
Chevron Lummus Global
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5.0
4.5
4.0
World
ECA
3.5
S, wt%
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2021 2023 2025
Growing demand
PTQ Q3 2011 75
Max
Blue
bro
Alw
Eng
Lea
only
Coke
drum
Coke
drum
Fractionator
Reflux drum
Wet gas
Unstablised
naphtha
Gas oil
stripper
Light gas oil
Residual oil
Heater
76 PTQ Q3 2011
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Disadvantages
Coke handling, plot area limitations, and transportation and logistics
Additional environmental health and safety (EHS) requirements
Hydrogen addition still required to upgrade products and the process
does not share the same process platform as other hydroprocessing units
Loss of liquid yield compared to hydrogen addition processes
Coke disposition is a major issue
Table 1
Delayed coking
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Client
Shell Canada
GS Caltex
Neste Oil
Shell Canada
Slovnaft
AGIP Petroli
Syncrude Canada
BP-Amoco
8 units
Table 2
LC-Fining
Effluent
Thermowell
nozzle
Catalyst
addition
line
Density
detector
radiation
source
well
Density
detectors
Normal
bed level
Skin
TCs
Catalyst
withdrawal
line
Feed
Recycle
pump
Reactor temperature
410440C
Reactor pressure
110180 bar
Resid conversion
5580%
Hydrogen P. P.
75125 bar
Chem H2
consumption
35300 Nm3/m3
Desulphurisation
6085%
CCR reduction
4070%
Demetallisation
6588%
Figure 3 Schematic of a LC-Fining reactor
with typical operating conditions
PTQ Q3 2011 77
Make-up
hydrogen
HDT/MHC
reactor
Wash
tower
H2
purification
LP amine
scrubber
HP amine
scrubber
Vacuum
residue
and
diluent
Hydroprocessed
distillates
and gas oils
LVGO
To
fractionation
HVGO to FCC
To
fractionation
Hydroprocessed
residue
Table 3
78 PTQ Q3 2011
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!TMOSPHERIC
RESIDUE
,OW 3.
DISTILLATES
AND 6'/
VDU
Solvent
LC-Fining
deasphalting
0ITCHPELLETS
,3&/
Residue desulphurisation
,OW 3.
DISTILLATES
!TMOSPHERIC
RESIDUE
VDU
0REMIUM
&##2&##
FEED
LC-Fining
Solvent
deasphalting
0ITCHPELLETS
DELAYED COKING
Make-up
hydrogen
To gas recovery
Reactors
Recycle gas
scrubbing
H2S
Cold HP
separator
H2O
Product
stripper
Unstabilised
naphtha
Fresh feed
Filter
Sour
water
Hot HP
separator
Product
LP
separator
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PTQ Q3 2011 79
Upgrading configurations
Catalytic
reforming
Gasoline
Atmospheric
tower
HDT
FCC
Vacuum
tower
Jet/diesel
Hydrocracking
Delayed
coking
Coke to
power plants
and
cement industry
LPG
LPG
Light naphtha
Heavy naphtha
Petro-chemical
Naphtha
NHT
CDU
Jet A-1
H2 plant
Coker
Naphtha
Diesel
HCR
VDU
HCGO
DCU
DHT
UCO
Fuel oil
LCGO
Fuel coke
CFB
CFB: Circulating fluidised bed boiler
80 PTQ Q3 2011
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Catalytic
reforming
Gasoline
FCC
Atmospheric
tower
HDT
*ETKEROSENE
Vacuum
tower
Delayed
coking unit
Hydrocracking
Jet fuel
Diesel
$IESEL
LC-Fining
Anode-grade
coke
Catalytic
reforming
Gasoline
RFCC
Atmospheric
tower
,#/
Vacuum
tower
Hydrocracking
*ETKEROSENE
$IESEL
Residual
desulphurisation
(RDS)
(#/
Diesel
Low sulphur
fuel oil
82 PTQ Q3 2011
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knowledge
Belsim to
SIR was
solutions and challenges,
2006 NPRA, on-site
Utah.
provided
by training,
2 Mukherjeeand
U, LC-Fining:
high conversion
missions
continuous
support
during the project and following its
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Arun Arora is a Project Manager with Chevron
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Lummus Global, Bloomfield, New Jersey, USA.
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His primary area of expertise is technology
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management and process development in
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distillate and residue hydrocracking and he
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has led several high-pressure hydroprocessing
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projects and refinery configuration studies.
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Ujjal Mukherjee is Vice President, Technology,
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with Chevron Lummus Global. With particular
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expertise in technology development
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for distillate and residue hydrocracking,
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he has several patents in high-pressure
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hydroprocessing and is the author of numerous
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technical articles and papers relating to refining
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technologies.
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PTQ Q3 2011 83