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1

5000
4000


6000
,, (
)

10

,,
?

11

18

.
,

85
8
1

XX
.

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!

12

......

13

14

15


-
(?)

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100
200 ,
600
( )

16



(deinos)
,

(sauros)

17

180 .
,
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.
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.
20 25 38 !
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1824 .

21

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23

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25

26


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- . 43%
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31



32


( 1831)






33

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34

35

36


, .

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. .

, .
( SO2 ,SO3 ,SO4 )

19 pH
( ) pH , 5,6.
pH 5 .
pH 4.
1924 pH 2,4.
pH .
- 70% 60%
pH 4,5. SO2 NO2
H2SO4 i HNO3. , HCl
( ) 6% .
( ).

, , ,
, .


.

37

CO2 + H2O
H2CO3
H2CO3

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.

.
,
H2SO3
:
SO2 + H2O H2SO3

, ,
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...........
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, ,
pH ,
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38

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39

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40

41

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