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Worksheet 1
Worksheet 1
Answer:
a. D-glucose
: Aldose, hexoses
b. L-ribulose
: Ketose, pentose
c. D-glyserahdehyde
: Aldose, triose
2. Identify each sugar as an aldose or a ketose and then as a triose, tetrose, pentose, or hexose.
Answer:
a. Dihyroxyacetone
: Ketose, triose
b. D-ribose
: Aldose, pentose
c. D-galactose
: Aldose, hexoxes
3. Identify each sugar as an aldose or a ketose and then as a D sugar or an L sugar.
Answer:
a. D
b. D
c. D
d. L
4. Distinguish between structural and optical isomers ini carbohydrates, describing examples of
each
Answer:
Galactose, C6H12O6 has the molecular formula and structural formula similar to glucose, the
only difference being the position in space. So both optical isomers. The difference indicated
by the difference in position of space-OH group. The rank of the atom C number two to
number 5 C atoms, -OH facing to the right, left, left, right.
5. Explain how the isomeric structure of carbohydrate may affect its chemical behavior:
Answer
The isomer carbohydrat influence of its metabolism in cell. When in water they take the ring
form. This is lowest energy configuration, due to water's hydrogen bonding. Since biological
systems are in water this is the form in which monosaccharides almost always exist
6. Explain briefly how compound sugar are formed and broken down:
Answer:
Carbohydrates are the primary energy source and a major source of fiber. Carbohydrates has
three elements, namely carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The types of carbohydrates are very
diverse. Carbohydrates are distinguished from one another based on the arrangement of atom
short length of chain as well as the type of carbohydrate bind catabolism. At process, often
referred to glycolysis that the degradation process. The process of degradation of one
molecule of glucose (C6) into two molecules of pyruvate (C3), which occurs in a series of
enzymatic reactions produce free energy in the form of ATP and NADH.
7. Discuss the structural differences between the polysaccarides cellulose, starch, and glycogen,
explaining how the differences in structure contribute to the functional properties of the
molecule:
Answer:
a. Cellulose
A polymer of glucose
Is linear.
b. Starch
A polymer of glucose
Is branched.
Has linkage.
c. Glycogen
A polymer of glucose
Is highly branched.
Has linkage.
Found in muscles and in the liver: it's a reservoir of energy for use when needed.
A polymer of glucose
Is highly branched.
Has linkage.
Found in muscles and in the liver: it's a reservoir of energy for use when needed.
Ring
Aldopentosa
13. Describe the structure of cellulose . Explain why, although it is made of glucose sub-units
like starch, why you get the structure you do (straight unbranched chains and cross bridges)
Answer
Ketopentosa