Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ANOVA & Kruskal-Wallis: ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)
ANOVA & Kruskal-Wallis: ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)
2/11/2016
Perbezaan
serakan antara
2/11/2016
ANOVA Sehala
ANOVA Sehala
(one-way ANOVA)
Satu
2/11/2016
of Normality
Like the t-test you can place fast and loose with this
one, especially with large enough sample size see:
the Central Limit Theorem
Assumption
of Homogeneity of Variance
(Homoscedasticity)
Like the t-test, this isnt problematic unless one
levels variance is much larger than one the others
(~4 times as large) the one-way ANOVA is robust to
small violations of this assumption, so long as group
size is roughly equal
Independence
of Observations
Like
2/11/2016
One-Way ANOVA
Assumptions of ANOVA:
Independence
of Observations
Homoscedasticity
Normality
Equal
One-Way ANOVA
Independence
Identified
of Observations
methodologically
Other
Equal
Add
Sample Sizes
more Ss to the smaller group
DONT
2/11/2016
One-Way ANOVA
Homoscedasticity
Identified
Procedure
Again,
you
If
One-Way ANOVA
Homoscedasticity
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Descriptives
N
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
1
2
Total
1
2
Total
1
2
Total
1
2
Total
6
6
12
6
6
12
6
6
12
6
6
12
Std. Deviation
2.714
1.329
2.067
2.098
2.828
2.431
2.714
2.338
2.417
1.835
3.445
2.864
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Levene
Statistic
3.312
.156
.266
7.788
df1
df2
1
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
Sig.
.099
.701
.617
.019
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Welch
Welch
Welch
Welch
Statistic
.292
.484
.013
1.849
df1
1
1
1
1
df2
7.268
9.223
9.786
7.626
Sig.
.605
.504
.912
.213
a. Asymptotically F distributed.
2/11/2016
One-Way ANOVA
Normality
Can
One-Way ANOVA
Normality
1.
2.
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Valid N (listwise)
N
Statistic
12
12
12
12
12
Minimum
Statistic
12
8
4
1
Maximum
Statistic
19
16
12
9
Mean
Statistic
16.50
11.50
7.75
4.25
Std.
Statistic
2.067
2.431
2.417
2.864
Skewness
Statistic
Std. Error
-.815
.637
.205
.637
.165
.637
.534
.637
Kurtosis
Statistic
Std. Error
.651
1.232
-.406
1.232
-.864
1.232
-1.192
1.232
2/11/2016
One-Way ANOVA
2.
2 (omega squared) =
One-Way ANOVA
Cohens d =
X1 X 2
2 F
2 t
sp
df error
n1 n 2 2
2/11/2016
Mean
Dr. A
60
68.367
Dr. B
87
71.448
Dr. C
98
67.939
Mean
Dr. A
60
68.367
Dr. B
87
71.448
Dr. C
98
67.939
2/11/2016
Degree of Freedom
F-ratio
SSwithin
SStotal
10
2/11/2016
CONTOH
FAKULTI
Jumlah
penggunaan
ifolio
Pendidikan
Perubatan
Sains
k1
643
469
484
k2
655
427
456
k3
702
525
402
666.67
473.67
447.33
31.18
49.17
41.68
Daripada data :
643
643
655
529.22
402
702
655
529.22
469
529.22
427
9
525
702
484
529.22
456
402
469
529.22
529.22
11
2/11/2016
Jadi,
Source of
Variation
Degree of Freedom
SSbetween
F-ratio
SSwithin
96303.55
3 666.67
529.22
3 473.67
529.22
3 447.33
529.22
.
Source of
Variation
86049.55
Degree of Freedom
1
F-ratio
SSwithin
96303.55
12
2/11/2016
643 666.67
655 666.67
702 666.67
469 473.67
427 473.67
525 473.67
484 447.33
456 447.33
402 447.33
Cara mudah :
Source of
Variation
Degree of Freedom
86049.55
F-ratio
10254
96303.55
Source of
Variation
Degree of Freedom
86049.55
2
10254
6
86049.55
10254
96303.55
F-ratio
13
2/11/2016
Source of
Variation
Degree of Freedom
86049.55
10254
F-ratio
43024.78
43024.78
1709
1709
25.17
96303.55
F(2,6) = 5.14
14
2/11/2016
Keputusan
Daripada pengiraan :
2,6
25.17
25.17;
0.05
INTERPRETASI DAPATAN
15
2/11/2016
Rumus LSD :
2 1709 5.99
3
LSD = 82.61
I.
473.67
193
II.
447.63
26.34
III.
447.63
220.04
16
2/11/2016
17
2/11/2016
18
2/11/2016
19
2/11/2016
2 X 3 ANOVA
Jantina Jenis Rawatan
20
2/11/2016
Contoh Data
Jenis Kumpulan
Jantina
Inkuiri
Lelaki
84
Perempuan
74
Lelaki
81
Perempuan
79
Lelaki
100
Perempuan
90
Koperatif
Kawalan
Min
79
80
95
21
2/11/2016
SOURCE
SS
df
MS
BETWEEN CELLS
SSbetween
ROW
SSrow
COLUMN
SScol
INTERACTION
SSinter
WITHIN CELLS
SSwithin
TOTAL
SStotal
1
1
1
MSrow / MSwithin
SScol / dfcol
MScol / MSwithin
SSinter / dfinter
MSinter / MSwithin
SSwithin / dfwithin
22
2/11/2016
23
2/11/2016
Ujian Bukan
Parametrik
KRUSKAL-WALLIS
Ujian Kruskal-Wallis :
Analysis of Variance by Ranks
24
2/11/2016
Kruskal-Wallis Assumptions
Ujian Kruskal-Wallis
Jika
25
2/11/2016
Contoh
Group
Class size
23
41
54
78
66
55
60
72
45
70
30
40
18
34
44
Class size
(Math)
Class size
(English)
Class size
(History)
23
55
30
41
60
40
54
72
18
78
45
34
66
70
44
Rank
12
1
26
2/11/2016
Group
Class size
Rank
23
41
54
78
15
66
12
55
10
60
11
72
14
45
70
13
30
40
18
34
44
Hkira = 6.72
Hkritikal ?
0.05,
12
12
15 15 1
44
5
56
5
20
5
3 15
6.72
Hkritikal = 5.992
Oleh sebab
6.72
5.992,
27
2/11/2016
where
and
is the mean of the ranks of the observations
from population i and j
12
Reject if
44
8.8
5
56
11.2
5
20
4
5
12
5.992 20
47.936
6.925
,
,
,
8.8 11.2
2.4
.
.
8.8 4
4.8
28
2/11/2016
Langkah 2 : Pilih Analyze > Nonparametric Tests > Legacy Dialogs >
K Independent Samples
29
2/11/2016
Langkah 3 :
Letakkan Classsize di Test
Variable List
Letakkan Group di Grouping
Variable
Klik Define Range
Langkah 4:
Input 1 di ruangan Minimum dan 3 di
ruangan Maximum
Klik Continue
Klik OK
Langkah 6 : Keputusan
0.035
0.05
H0 ditolak
30