Cnobodan RYPYHR CMHUCAO VU ®YHKIIWJA KATUXYMEHA Y TIOSHOBH3AHTHJCKOJ MW CPIICKOJ APXUTEKTYPH Tlojapa xaraxymenia (win xaruxymennja, rp. xatzoupevetov) y epn- ‘Ckoj UPKBeHtO} apxiTTeKTypH sartaxKcita jc OABHO, a FSHXORNM CMMCHIOM 4 stiayajem Gapitno ce BHC MaysHHKa. Mocnemsn nyT je © oB0M mpo- 6nemy nucana noxojHa Hsarxa Huxonajesh y s6opkiKy paosa ca erygenmuor cimmosisiyma.' Toapo6to paswarpajyhn apxirextypy ca- AYBAHIX crlomerHKa, mcaHe H3BOpe, KAO K MoAepHY HeTOpMOrpadily xoja ce omitoctt wa osaj mpo6inem, oa je YrTaBHOM MOMBYKIIA MHI ha PaHjHx HoTpaKUBaNa Ja CBO}HM MOMORajeM GyeKLURjom KATUXY- Mewa Y CTBApH BOH NOPeKNO H3 apcKe apxITeKTYpe, Te na ce crora ena Nlojasa Mopa pasMaTpaTi Y KOHTEKCTY uapcKe HKoHOrpadrje m upxsene apxurextype Lapurpana. Ys nyxHo momronarse mpema To- xojtioj Konermmmmt Huxoaajesuh, ues opor pasa je na cc obpasnowat OTMYHO CYNPOTHO MHILLETC, KAKO 0 TOPEKAY TaKO HO CMHCAY KATH- 3 1, Hxxomyjemuh, Excnopteneflewa XyMetHa Y MosHOBHAHTHjeKoj H eplcKO} UpKBeHtoj mpaKce. Caacoeas y ica, Cryxentia M siaai- i ; i ‘lena yaeroer oxo 1200, rons, Bo Hajnosnaraja npumep xaraxymene y cprickoj upKsenoj apxwrexty- —rpax 1988, 447-54, rae je urmmpena 1 DH HecyMmbmpo je aWaKH. Hako apxirrexroncen GuTHo waMeHeHa y cba cTapxja mereparypa. Crue 1. 2Kwsa — ypxoa Basnecersa: Nodysciu apecer, pexonelipyryuja (ypwerc: B. Bounoeuh)Cwobodan BYPIHA 84 2 M, MlawaxeMeamh 1 0. Kaxomh, dpe ‘Meetaypa pee tanoeune XI soxa, 1. Cao Aemags cptcee aprauitextinpe epednee se ‘ea, Koplye caxpannac spaheeuia, Beorpaa 1995, 31-36, ca pesyaranin wcrpamina- va oGaarnexinx y Toxy neveanix GIN ‘ounepsaroperiix pazona Ha crosexuay. At awen0 Jipyrs, Kueomu xpasesa u apruetuerota cplicxux. Cayoebe, TpH- pea. F. Max Jlamnjex x Jt Terposn, be- corpax 1988, 160. AW Hetio, 160. 8) B, Terxoouh, Xuva, Crapunap 1 (1906)'174-87, mje je matonarse xoror ‘eXcomaprerca Onumenpyxsaheno y Hay ® Tennno Fipyrn, *Kusodu, 161. 7 Tlexonsj Nemje-tenocmma y oxsipy anacrnperar ROMER NOCTEO Je TER essai Tent HTN, MAA HBP em ANE RH HORA HO WOR cana te Aonyuiraly ieee Kommpeniaje ‘ome aaen re; nar B. Kopah Ja monaucca henyja y Calydenwgu, 3orpad 14 (1983) 77-30, mC. Hlnonity Ripe» spy 2, Beorpaa 1994, noeebue exp. 118-119. SW. Hawkins, The Hermitage of St Neo and Is Wall Paintings, Dumbarton ‘aks Papers 20 (1966) 119-206, xao it ncropajexy crymuijy C, Galatariou, The Ma- ling ofa Saint. The Life Times, and Sanci- ction of Neephytos the Revise, Carbacge 1991, Ropaeran orm npn Heopirose vegcme racer MAMBCTADS, Y ROR” eerry apewena y KOM Cy MaCTRN, MOME ce mahin'y R. Commack, Writing in Gold, Brain Serr an fon Loon 1985, raana 6. (CMHCAO Mf @YHKIWJA KATHXYMEHA ToKY MHOTHx KactHjux pymiema nt OGHORA, ora mpesicTaBma H3BOpHA prep ysoljera oBor poctopa y cplickKy UpKBeHy apxutextypy (cx. 1)2 3na%aj awaxe KaTMxyMeHe je, HapaBHo, HeHsMepHo noschan SMESCHMUOM a 0 wo} Mame Janno IT y marry apxnemicKoma Ap- cemmja? Ty croju xa je npsn cpnickm apxnemmcxor, Cana, nocmarpao MMHONejCTBORAFSE CHOr HacnesHMKa ApceHHja ,,cBojuM ONHMA oO” caoje xaimuxymenuje, Koja je Takao mecro, Ha Kojem crojame 1a je noGpo Morao RueTH cRe WTO je WHEKeHO yHYrpa y GoxaKCrAcHo] upxsn4 Ha ocHony onor jparoleHor noqarka WsB1aveHH Cy MHOTH saxsoysi, yRsBy4yjytin M Mpernocrasy 1a ce mpHMluBaKe ciLasbA- lume Mpumpare Ca 3BOHMKOM M KATHXYMEHOM OJMTpano Here W3Me- dy 1219 (j. nocne mpornamewa cpncke upkkene ayroxedpannocta) 1234 (aj. mpe cuacka ce. Caxe ca apxuermckoncxor mpecrona 1 HeerowOr OnMtacka Ha pyro nyroBarse y Crery senuny)5 Jlo cana, me- hyn, wisje nocneheno jonOs.HO HKIKE NAESEHALM Ja OR} TEKCT JAKE kaxe a ,Tpeocneherm xap Cana unajyhn y rexy xmpot GecremecHux (athena) ”.. odperasum ce cecilia u cseea willo je y ceeiliy YCXTE a 0- xo cpera mecra...“6 Jane rexcta castiajemo a je Casa, nocne y- Tor pasManubaisa, onaGpao M nocseTHo Apcesija Kad CBOr HACTEAHEKA Tex ovina xpenyo Ha nyr y Crety aewuny, urro he peli jaa ce om mpao Guo nosykao y hemyjy-uctlocnuyy y oKaapy caMor mawacrupa. Tlocraarsa ce mmrane rie ce Haraswie Casnia hemja-ncrioceuma y Kun? Kao oryhnocr — 0 cana Hencttranty — Jlamanoe TeKCT MHUDAPEKTHO Haro- neurana ja je Gann xMuKa KaTHxyMena Moxkaa Guu Cana acnociOIla. Tpyrus pesma, copar ws1ay xWUKOr eKCOHApTeKca MOrao Gut 1a TIpes- Crawyea HeKy Bpcry cramGewor mpocropa — y CyuITHHH HCHOCHHy — y Kojy ce Geum apxwemucrort GA0 NOBYKAO a OH YxHBAD Y AYXOR- HOM MHY, AM He H MlOTHYHO omROjex on cHoje UpKRE. Osaxso TyMaveme yKunje 1 noroxaja KaTaxyMeHe y OAHOCY Ha upkey n0uja caojy noTapay y mpmmepy uyneue enxauerpuje Cae- ror Heoura y 6nu3unu Tadboca ua Kunpy. 3uauaj ose exxnuctpuje 3a pa3yMeBame MHOTHX NOjaBa y MOHALIKOM 2KHBOTY H YMETHHYKO} neaarmocra Tagamme Busaitaje oGorahen je smeHmnoM aa je cd Heogmr nanueao caoje xHTHje My HeMy AeTaLHO OGjacHo pase acntekTe cBor MOHamIKOr >xuBoTa.* [ToGerapumm y Opaa wawan Tlahoca 1159, Heour ce npezao Konamy mehuKe y noposHom KaMeHy jene Beprukalie cree, cienehi Ha Taj HaNHK cBeTUIe MpUMepe MoHAIIKE npaxce 3 Hajpanjax Bexosa NonamKe Tpaxuuuje. Henocumua Kojy je on Tana craopHo nocrana je, HaKOH HeKOJKO TOAHHA, 2IDKa jea- ‘He Mouamixe aappe Koja je oxymua pume HeoduTonHx cneaGeHHKa, Oxo 1197 — zaxne sume on YeTHpH AeteHHje KacHHje — octapenH Heodur pemmo je xa Hanyctu cpojy npoGutHy hemijy-ucnocnuny, y ehyapemeny cnojeny ca pebom mehiHcKOM UpKBOM, HCKOTAHON 1 ReKopucaom 3a norpeGe Gpatcrsa, H mpesiao ce Konamy HoBe HCHO- cumye — Tap. Honor Cuona — amperruo waiam, naoca mebunicke mpKae MpHCTyMauHe camo Kpos noceOan cromum ynas. Y nogy ope hemje Heodurr je nampaaio ornop xpos Koja je yonocranmena AupeKTHa nesa ca mpKBenmm MpocTopoM H KPO Koji je OX Morao jactO a mMpaTH TOK crymde H rojambe Gparnje, Ges KoMMpomHTOBaHa cBor HenOCHHIKOr cratyca (ca. 2), Hoxoxxaj Hone Heopirone icriocume csemHo je HKCacboden BYPIAB CMHCAO M ®YHKIWIA KATHXYMEHA Cmuxa 2, Tlaipoc. Kutap — ucwocnuya ce. Heorpuma, aoapewnu apecer, peroucapyryuja oxo 1197 (ypiuene ayttiopa) "MpeTxomHHX Kopaxa y pasBojy OBor KONIDIeKca, Kojima je Heorpur yxa- ‘3HBAO Ha CBOj je THHICTBEHH, CBETHTENCKH CTaTYc jOUI 3a CBOr KHBOTA, Fberosa wosa HicniocHuua je Ha To YkasMBaA H CBOjHN HOTNKHN 10- aloxajeM — AUpeKTHo W3Ha;, Ha0ca UPKBe — KaO M 'IHIKeNHIOM a je eu OTBOP 6xO BeMITO yEAIOTLKeH y HKOHOTpagujy eamKavle eKopa- uyje. Durypa Xpucta u3 Kommosuuuje Bastecetsa Xpuctosor, Ha mpumep, Owia je Hacaxava TaKo 3a je usrnegano 2a oH HecTaje y epTHKAIHOM OTBOPY Kojit BOM Harope, OAHOCKO AMpeKTHO y Heo- ¢burony ucnocumuy (ca. 3). Homo ona cmKania KOMMO3HuHja N042- Pasa tpenyrax Xpucrosor yavoulema Ha HeOo, BemrTo je creopena wiysuja na cy mpocrop Heoduroxe uctiocHuye 4 He6o HeToBeTHH. Y onoj ucrocunust ycamssenu Heodar mposeo je HOcmeAHUX OcaMHta- cr FOsMHa CROF 3eMasbCKOF KMBOTA HY FO} CE H YIOKOjHO. Cae 3 Tagpoc, Kutap — ucaocmma cs. Heofutaa, nave ypree, ce0d ca yppecou Apucitoeos Bamecena w olisopan , Hoeoz Cuoua ($otdospaguja ayimopa) 85C0600" BYPIMB, 86 Coura 4, Mucttpa — Bocopoduya Tepuaneta, sa21ed ¢jyea (poiorpaspujaaysaopa) ws Muetpe je wezonozsio 6pahen £8 YEH Hep a noswosisairiexe enoxe. 3a ocHosHe apatexroricxe nazar xoja ce Tas TTe- punnerre jour yaex ee mopa xoucysross G. Millet, Monuments bycantns de Mistra Matériaux pour Vétude de Varchitecture et de la peinture en Groce auc XIVe et XV sidele, Paris 1910, tab, 28. ‘CMHCAO Mt ®YHKINIA KATHXYMEHA, Besy mswely one, mehnHicke MCHOCHHIe M sae IpKBeHe apxHTeK- ‘Type naxme hemo cxnavitrH ako Ce OcApHEMO Ha jenaH ocTa KaciMjit mpumep — upxsy Boroponmue Tlepuauere y Mutctp, xoja ce naryje y tpeliy xenennjy XIV sexa (ca. 4).° Ona neo6wuHa MaHactupcKa Hp- na 110 MHOTO “eMy OMysapa Of THIHYHE UpKBeHe apxHTeKType. OHO nrTo onMax nama y oam jecte na je ona mpysnaana ys jemmy CTeHy, 13 awa nemiosHat#x pasnora (cs. 5). besa Hempasivinia OCHOBA OTKDH- Ba, usMehy OcTaOT, ma ce HbeHA ONTTApCKA aNicHsla He HasIAsH, KAO ITO je yoGwaajcrio, wa uerory, sch na jyrosanasy, nox je nasi ynas y UpKBy Ha jyroucTOKy (Koja 6x, peaTHBHO roBopchiv, omroBape0 cc- BepHoj CTpaHH THMHIHE IpKBe) — aKTe, ¥ CBAKOM cHTyHajy HC Ha yO Gwagjeno}, sananoj crpanH. Cem Tora, oBaj HeOOwsHH ynas eH MusHo je yeosen y creny. JjypextHo usHa Hera, Y CTO) CTeHH, Ha- ‘hasH ce jena nebancKa npocropria y Kojy ce yasH MoceOHH™ cHos5- HIM CTeNeHHINTeM; Ola KOMYHLINDA ca et!TepHjepOM UPKBE KPO3 je- ‘TAH BEXHKH ABONEIINH OTBOP KojH NO cBojEM OOAHIEANA O”TOBEpA jes HOM mposopy. Ox noceOuor je sHaxaja ma je HeMOA Bor Mposopa CMe- urtena Komnosnunja Yonena Boroposuue, koja ce o6w4Ho Hama3H Ha sanagHoM suzy, HaHa yoOuajerior MecTa ynasa y Ha0c (cn. 6). Hixo- Horpaduja Yonewa Boropoauye noapasymesa mpucyetBo HeGecKe cobepe y ropieeM jleny KOMMOSHIHje, OOHIHO CHMOOMHIKH TpHKazane MpHeycTBOM OTBOpeHHX Bpara Koja "yBajy auljem. Moe ce saxuy- ‘THTH a j€ CTRAPHH OTBOP OBAC HAMePHO HHTerpHcall y KOMNOSHU)y ‘Yenewa, wa CiHYaH Ha4HH — H Ca HCTHM CHOOMHUKHM UHJLeM — Kao urro je To Guo caysaj ca xommoanusjom Basuecesa Xpuctozor y Heopwronoj ucnocaum Koa Maoca. Crora ce Moxe saK:ysuNTH a je, y caysajy Tlepusaenre y Mucrpu, jenna noctojeha nehuicxa no- TOCHHIIa CBecHO MpeTBopeHia y KaTHXyMeHy, BeMITO mtTerpucaity y apXuTexTypy Hone MaHaCTHpeKe UpKe. Coe je ono on noceSHor suavaja y pasMarpany muTama KaTHXyMeHa Y epniexoj upkweHoj apxrrexrypit. Ope hemo ce YkpaTko OcapHyrH a kavaxymeny [pasannue, 0 Kojoj cam H cia Beh panuje mucao,Chobodan BYP HT (CMHCAO H @YHKLIWA KATHXYMEHA an Gea ay6xer ynaxema y nurane mene dbysnunje (cx. 7 w 8).!0Y Tom normeay je konera bpanstonas Toanh y cpom aeny ame sajen- mmrixe mouiorpaguje o Tpayammn Guo muoro cer. Pasmarpaj bu dynxunjy jeanne cnparue npocropuje y [pavannun, om MMLC: Hema cysave aa je npocropuje ustiaa rpavanmaxe mpunpare uMmana bynxunjy karuxymene m ga je cayxrta JMLAHCKOM enHcKony 7a ogarne, y rojenmimm tperyunma mparu enyxx6y".!! Ono mpaurkoM xxeneo GX la HenpasuM I nonyMHM ceGe M cBor KOmery Tonmha. Mucnmx, wanme, 2a je 4 rpavamaxa xarmxymena, y crbapy, Ona naampana ao Gyayha hemuja-uenocumua, Ysumajyhu y o6sup, npso, apaxdiuuie pasnore, tpeGa uMarH y Buy sna cy ppara xpos Koja ce ysasn y KaTxyMeny Ha nucumm ox 150 cm ‘aHax Moza OnXONHOF Gpona upKBe y Kojem ce Haase. JIpyro, camo crenenmurre — Koje ce cacToj on aBamecer Mm jeaHor rpy60 TecaHOr Henpaiutor evententixa — jenpa je 60 cm umpoKo 1 cpera oxo 120 cm BuCOKo. Cpe 0B0 MaKCHMANIHO OTeKABA NPHCTYN OBoj MpocTopu- jum nosomH y cymmy Guno KaxBy uepenonujanny dyuKunjy Koja Ox ‘ce Ty egenTyamHo Moraa ogpHjat.!2 Pasmatpajyhit uxonorpacpcxn cxion one npocropije, HaasMMo sa je {eH YHYTPAMH BOACIHM OTBOP Y AMPEKTHO) BEIM Ca KOMMOSHIA}OM 87 NOC. Typmh, Dpavamagn Hetopyja u Beorpat-Iipaurrana 1988, 33, 57. ‘AV B, Toawh, [pavameya, Cruxapeteo, Beorpax-Tipwrimimia 1988, 135, YC. Bypwh, Mpavamaa, 50, 53 Cura 5. Mucaapa ~ Bovopoduya Tepuenetiaa, axconometipujeru fpecex, aredano ca satiada (ypiieae ayidopa, ueypiao J Kelly) Cours 6. ‘Mucitpa — Bo20poduya Tepusnetiae, aoc, Hoened xa yaasy, jyzouciBovnu 3ud otoepaipuja aymopa)CroCodan BYP 88 Cauxa 7. Tpavanuya — ypraa Veteroa Bozopoduye, xattusyena: axconomempyjesu fipecex (upitexe ayfiopa) Caua 8. Tpavaraya — prea Yewewa Bozopoduye, ratinaxynend, ocw0ea Speceyu (ypiieac ayitopa) ‘CMHCAO H ®YHKIWJA KATHXYMEHA Yenersa Boroponme, cto Kao urro je To 6xo cxysaj xon TlepuBxenre y Mucrpy. One co, ax, Ha Hay Moce6Ho KapakrepHeTHalt 3a Cyn- ‘TwmHe TpavaHWyKe cAHKape, OTBOpeHe BpaTHHUe HeGeckor noprara ‘raquo noxnanajy ca yHyTpammsHM Mpos0poM KaTHXyMeHe (cil. 9). Ha Taj HaNIMH aHLHO cHHKapCTRO je HENBOCMHCKEHO KOOPAKEUCAHO Ca ap- XHTTexTypOM caMe rpajesuHe — OTBOP KOjH FICHAMO, HY CMM HY crpapHocr, noctaje uctoseran. JIpyrum pewHMa, Kao Hy caysajy Heodurosor Hosor Cxoxa, mpoctopniy ¢ apyre erpanie opor mposopa MOXKEMO 3AMHCIMTH KAO HUTerpamHH Heo caMor HeGecKor Mpoctopa. He ynasebn opoM MpHLIHKOM y BaxaIO TuTame H3Gopa ceHa Ht CBe- ‘THTe:ba Y YHYTPAMILOCTH OBE, NO THMeHSHjaMa CKPOMHE 1 He mpeTe- panto ygo6ue npocropuje, a KojH AonaTHo MoTKpeNLByje oBy KoHEN- unjy, ocapuyhy ce camo Ha jout jenant neoGjammmex era o7 sHa‘a- jay Orkpupamy crpapne Hamene KaTuxyMene. Pey je 0 MOHOrpaMi- Ma Kpana Munyrana Koja ce Hanaze y TuMmany Beh cHOMeRYTOr apogiensior mposopa (ca. 10). O osux MOHOrpaNUMa ce OCra mHca~eotoomn nyeastn CMICAO Hi OVHKLUDA KATAXYMEHA 89 Cow 9. Thovanya—xpxea Vouersa Bozopoduye, xauadr aud naoca ea yaypaursus dposopau xaduxyuene, dettar (upmene B. Kuexoeue) 110, aH wHXOBO HEOGHSHO MECTO JO cata Hue anexsaTHO O6jamESe- xo.13 sop mecra 3a nocraspare Bmx Monorpama, HexHx 10m H3- Hag oa UpkRe, YHHH Hx NpakTHuHo HeeHjyEHRUM. FbuXOB CMCAO, crora, Morao Gu ce caMo TyMASITTH @YHKMMOHAHOM BEIOM Ca HEKO- BoM stoKattajom. ¥ OBON calysajy, To Gu Moro fa Has a je y BpeMe wapoherta [pauaine u meHior cmmKapeTsa CTapH KpAM PasvMiLa-a0 0 enerryaiom Hanymrrarsy mpectosa Ht oZ1acKy y MoamTBO. Ona Hzeja toe nan nostra HS HBBOPA Knapaen, He OATOBEDA OHOME HO EE- —, » eapssan, tones ‘Mo 1a ce croapno oxvirpao. Sia" At TO, MYTH, 18 KAO TAKBA O12 — Cite Jou Moreoene yee, mak nije Mora 2a TocTOjH y jeatom ompehetiom TperyTKy? C O63H- — jaye, Caomurrens 13 (1981) 105-14, rae POM Ha To 2a je mpaxca HaMynrraisa Mpecroma OM erpawe BAMApa H He- je m crapnja mmeparype.Caobodane BPE 90 Cua 10, Tpavanuya — ypxea Vetersa ‘Bocopodune, yyaapauou poop xamuxyaene, deta (@otozpaguja B. Kuexoovha) AW Hero vaxo je peamma m woryhvocr 22 Je crapy xpan, samen Tpavannry ‘rao wleamo MecTO 3a mnae y HETO- ‘cmracy yeasonenocr, nomenco an Gyze c2- Xpateett y HeTo} MDxBH Y Kojo} 6x MpoBeO OCIENISE JME CHO JEMACKOT AMBOTA. (Qo vee, Kao urT0 2AM, Hoje ce oer pina, emit woeyhnoci Taxoe uneje — xe- liye 080 1OM03O a TOMBY¥EM, TREYMDOT ‘ahve xonera Kojt To raeropvaxn oaGH- Jajy — w xaxe nocrojx. O oaowe sient Moje romexrape y C. Byprmh, Ipavanny, 155, rac ey weraparon wera on mpm ci PHECKOF seuatsa Moje Kare (GyenoTa 1). AST, CyGormh, Mawactiup 2Kuea, Beo- Bas 1986, 33. horormays), 0 mB uh, Kuve, Upener decors Cnosemmm eprckor emmapersa cpester sera, 4, Beorpa 1985, 31; Boropoy Sheammy, nae je KoMosmunja Yenc Boropomute sanagwo creumewa saxnany- jyfor seTevenon crany 1m. nexopememod enosnma crapuje rpabesmac, saan B. Kunontih, Bozopoduya Tbescuna. Upte- ‘au dpecara, Chowesmpt cprcxor emica- ‘perma cpeatier ner, 9, Beorpas 1991, 49. eG, Millet, Recherches au Mont-Athos, Bulletin de corespondance hellénigue 25 (1505) 35-58. 10 Toidem. 18 bide. 191 P.M, Mylonas, Notice sur le Katholi- Kon d'iviron, in J. Lafort ct al., Actes éiviron, 1, Archives de MAthos, XIV, Pa- (CMHCAO Hl ®YHKUWJA KATHXYMEHA rosor samonamanaisa Gixta oGpo nostara y lpasocHaBHON CBCTY, Ta- kaa MOryhHOCT, 110 MOM MiMILBeISy, Gusta GM NOTHTYHO peas Y OBOM KoHTeKCTY 4 Tpe6a je 2oaaomern Kao xunoresy.!4 Bpahajyhu ce axisixoj kaTaxyMenm, oOpaTaMo M@XIBY Ha "HHLeHHMY Ma ce pwMKoM o6HoRe upKBe To¥eTKOM XIV BeKa Her YHYTpA- ib Mpo30p Hamao y ckony KoMmosHumje Yerexa boropoanue, NacaMkane Wa roToRO WieHTHCIHOM mecTy Kao y 'pasannns x Ilepr- anenrat y Mucrpu (ex. 11). Hero naxx, MoxeMo Y3rpeH AONATH, 3a Boropojtmury Ibesuunxy.'$ VisyseTHo naxna 3a pasyMenarbe OBHX pellersa cy HexomuKa crapiija BusanTujcka MpuMepa, Onake je OBA MpaKca, HecyMEs4HBO, AONLIA y Cpoxjy. Hopea ach nanenene nenocume Ceetor Heogura Kon Tla- boca, 1a Kumpy, rpe6a ce cevirn reorpadexs zyxontt0 Maroro 6K- 2Rer 13a CPICKY CpeAHMY MaOTO BaxCinjer MpuMepa — KaTHKYMeHe y KaTOAHKOHY Mautactapa Benuxe Jlaape wa Caeroj Topu.'6 [Lranupavia H carpajeria nox HazvopoM ca. ATaactja, KATHXYMeHa KaTONHKOHa Beanxe Jlappe yanurrena je mprmAKom jeaHe ox KacHajHx mpempaniat pahesrate, Hen wapopi OGumHK, MefyTAM, nosHar je m3 Onuica y xat- Tajy cB, Atariacija, Kao H ca HeKOAHKO mpemicrase ManacrupcKe Up- xkBe mipe ApacTwIHx nponetia Koje cy WaMeMHe mex waren. His onm- ca ce jacHO BIUIH Ja ce KaTHxyMena KaTomHKoHa Benmxe JIampe Haya- una HHA Haprekca UpKBe Hi fa je Gw1a MojeeHa y TPH sacaeyeHa tpaneja.!? Cpeatoe m najpebus o7 03a Tp Guo je y cyurrmam jema su- OBAMA ogBojeHa MpocTopmja ca BesMKKM MposopoM Koj je riena0 ‘Mpextuo y aoe upxze. Hz ove mpocTopuje ¢ jyaue crpaxe yaa3110 ce y Kaneny nocseheny meropuus KpuTeKix myyewmKa, sua je xyst ce. Aranacije, naponio, nocedio Herosac.!8 Ca ceBepHe crpane LEH ‘pam mpoctopuije ysaawio ce y Manacrupery 6uGmotery. Tpoxesma opramusannija onor poctopa Ha empary xaTomaKosa Benuxe Jlaspe we- oBaTHo je No saforo "eMy sua Ha epaTay KONCTPYKIDAly Koja Ce auac Hanasi y KaTOMIKOHY Manacrupa isupoua ua Caro) Topu.'9 Ha- ko HaMt Hifje NOQHaTO Jia 1M Cy OCHMRASA OAK MAHACTHpCKINX NpKABa Gopanim rom wamepasarm a Gopase y OsiIM npoctopiita Ka0 y cuojust HenOcHHMaMa, 13 jenHor KacHjer TeKcTa ce casHaje ja je jenar exMMCH- japx Bemuxe Jlaspe cranonao y upocropy xaruxymene.20 ¥ oom xou- ‘TeKoty He TpeOa HCHYCTUTH M3 BLA HK MPHMEP KATHXYMCHE HPKBE Manacrupa Xope y Llapurpaxy #3 apyre xeuennje XIV nexa, One wa uma oGnux jee nanyxeHe mpoctopyje sacRenene MOMy LTE LApHsiMun CBONOM M saaaHt Ce Ha cHpaty 3 CesepHy CTPAHY UPKBE, ¢ Kojo KomyHMupa xpos jetall mpaRoyraonn mposop2! Karuxywene Beawxe Jape « Hsnpona cy on BemKor sHayaja 3a cuostasaise pasnoja oBiX rIpocTopHja y BHSAHTHjCKO} MaHaCTHPCKO} upknesioj apxmrextypn. Fbwxono nopexso, cyacha 0 OHM mpuMe- yaa, y cHaxom cnysajy Moxe ce BE32TI 3a Cin TOYCTAK CpeaoBN- sanrujexe cnoxe, Jean HeoOiiaH TOMeH KeTHxYNeHe ¥ jenKtoM MHOTO panijem nusanTujcxoM HaBopy, MCHYTHM, YKasyje Ha MO- TyhHoct a cy OcHOBHe KapaKTepHCTHKe KATHXYMEHE KAO eKCKTy- auBHor mpocTopa y KOMC ce, OM OnpelleHUM YerOBUNA, MOXKe CTa- wopaTa One hopmysncante YaK H mpe uKoHOGperEs. Pex je 0 Tex-Crobodan BYPUIE: CMMICAO 1 OVHKIQAIA KATHXYMEHA 91 Coma 11. 2Kieea — ypwea Basnecerea, saad sud naoca (ypiaeoe B. Kusroeuha)Crobodan BYP UH 92 ris 1985, 65, fig. 3. Onae je mppo6uram femparan’ npocrop, xojm £6 cacroja0 on ‘pi Tpaneja, npommpen y XVI wexy n028- amen jou! 1px cnmeia tTpaseja Hsia ‘excouaprosca lpeoe (0. exp. 64). 20) G. Millet, op. ott. ‘AU RG. Ousterhout, The Architecture of the Kariye Cami in Istanbul. Dumbarton ‘Oaks Studies 25 (Washington D. C. 1987) 115-16, and pls. 13, 21, 25, 26, 52, and 80. Ousteshout npermocranua aa je oBy npo- cropaly xopucrno xao GOnmctexy o6no- aeren. waimacrupe Xope, Teorop Meto- un, Kojit 62 y Mey Go a saMouAuMN, BY C. Mango, On the History ofthe Tem- plon and the Mariyrion of St Artemios in Constantinople, 3orpap 10 (1979) 40-43. ay idem, 41 CMHCAO Hl OYHKLHJA KATHXYMEHA. cry 0 ayaumma ex. Apremnija, xoju je npoxomestrapacao Cupra Mas- ro y Beat ca nomenon pasnoja dxtrapeke mperparte y RMvaHTH|CKO} Lupknenoj apxurextypH.2? Jean 1e0 oBor Texcra, 3a xojm ce Bepyje nia je saupuiex mpe 668, roxune, oaHocH ce Ha raxepyjy y mp- xkoi-Maprupnjymy Cxeror Apremija y Lapuxpaxy. Ayrop oor rex- ta ipursitro eriowane Kao rloce6uy mpoctopujy Ka enpary , hem “ip” (eA Mov) Koja ce Hamaam plecHo On| ,xaTHXYMeHe", a ¥ Kojoj je jJenvi0M mpraakow Gopantita jenna xexa RACOKOT POA aij je mast ‘cHH GHO foBezeH Ha aeveme y KPHNTY MaprupHjyMa, re Cy NowMEA- ne Mourn cpeua-wcwennterss.2 Cyaehu no onoM mpamepy, Bch y VIL pexy — #70 y camom Hlapurpany — Konuenuuja xaraxymene Kao WonosaHior, ria aK H GopasHimHor pocTopa, jacHo ce onBaja OX TpaqMIOHANHHX HepeMoHHjasHHx mpocropa y BHAy ranepyja (rap. drepdoa) pave MoHyMenTanwe pkRene apxitextype rpajeHe nog Wapexnm oxpHmeM. Kao pesyatat opor xparkor npermeas, nonasuM 20 saKny"Ka za ce nojaba KaTHxyMeHia y KaCHHjo} BHSAHTHjcKO} Kao m epricKo} UpKBeHioj ApXHTeKTypH MOpa MOCMaATPATH HCKLYGNBO Y cKNONY MOHAIIKAX norpe6a ppeMetia y KoMe cy Hacraiie. McTonpeMeHo ome Ham yka3yjy Ha Hope cTanope KTHTOpA HS PASHHX APYMITBEHX cTaTeKa— Kpasbe- a, apXMEIHNCKOMIa, emmcKona H NpyrHx — uuje -UBoTHe anGumvsje yasyjy Ha YHAMpeH MiaHKpAHO OAGANHBAHLE SEMATLCKHX BILOBA er- aucrenunje H npHxBaTaie MonOMKHX ueana, “MMH ce xa 6x ocTBa- Pupatse OBAKBOT WHiJba CBAKOM On THX KTHTOpA Guo HajnpAponHHje y ckony conctpene sanyxOune, Crora cam MHULbeHa a KATHXY- Menty Tea expaTHTH KAO TLIAHMpally, apKNTEKTOHCKM OGAHKOBAHY MOHAMIKY HemlOCHMUY, a He KAO KepeMonujamiiH mpoctop BevaH 22 panosusarrujcky mpaxcy uapeKor ABopa y Llapurpany. Hi no caojum asMepama, HO CDOjHM MpOCTOpEMN KapaKTepHETHKAMA, H 110 H3- Gopy MKoHOrpahcKHX TEMA, a caza MoxeNO [OnaTH — Hi TIO HaMeHH — NOSHOBHBAHTHIcKe KATHXYMeHe CYIITHHCKH ce pasmuKyjy on rae- puja (Onepdat) nemnxux panonwsaMTHjeKuX HapcKHX sanyxx6una,Slobodan CURCIC THE MEANING AND FUNCTION OF KATECHOUMENIA IN LATE BYZANTINE AND SERBIAN ARCHITECTURE Katechoumenia (xatnyoveveta) in Serbian medieval architecture were noted long ago and have been a subject of several scholary studies. All of them have essentially embraced the notion that, by virtue of their elevated position, they derive from Early Byzantine church galleries (imepéct) built under imperial auspices, and in circles associated with Constantinople. This article challenges that notion, and suggests that Late Byzantine and, by ex tension, Serbian katechoumenia were in fact a type of monastic cells, in which distinguished individuals could retire and spend the last years of their lives in monastic seclusion. The earlies example of such a katechoumenion in Serbian medieval archi- tecture is the one at Zita monastery. Completely reconstructed in its present form, the Aatechoumenion at Zita is important besause of the textual evi- dence associated with it — the life of Archbishop Arsenije written by Danilo IL. The text refers to the first Serbian Archbishop Sava, as being able to ob- serve his successor, Arsenije, officiating in the church, from his elevated po- sition in the katechoumenion. The text also indicates that the seclusion in the katechoumenion and appointment of Arsenije were preceded by Sava’s deci- sion to permanently abandon “earthly life”, Both, Sava’s decision to retire in seclusion and the physical location of his cell — overlooking the naos of his monastic church — find their parallels in the late twelfth-century case of ‘Neophitos and his famous enkleistra, in the hills above Paphos, in Cyprus. The close correspondence of the physical evidence and the textual informa- tion, in this case, enables us to frame the paradigm that appears to have been ‘embraced in later Byzantine times. The fourteenth-century church of the Vir- agin Perivieptos at Mistra provides an invaluable case of an actual cave-cell physically adjoining a church with which it communicates through a large el- ‘evated opening. The location of a fresco depiction the Dormition of the Vir- in, directly below this opening indicates the association of the cell with the environment. As a theme, this was repeated a number of times in Serbia (at Graéanica, Bogorodica Ljeviska, Zita). While the proliferation of kaiechoumenia is undoubtedly a characteristic of Late Byzantine and Serbian architecture, their beginnings must be sought in Middle Byzantine developments, and even earlier. Middle Byzantine monastic churches on Mount Athos — notably at the Great Lavra and Iviron Monasteries — illustrate the early monastic formulation of this practice, and its assoc with the monastic founders (cg. St. Athanasios, in the case of the Great Lavra). ‘An even earlier example is mentioned in the Miracles of St. Artemios, in refer- ence to his seventh-century martyrium in Constantinople. This case seems to indicate that residing within a church in seclusion, as a practice limited to the people of highest rank, but unrelated to Byzantine imperial ceremonial, may have had its very early origins in the Byzantine capital itself. 93