WORKED SOLUTIONS

Functions

Answers

y
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2

Skills check
1 a

y
4
F
3
2
1

4 3 2 110
2
3
4

2 1 0

1 2 3 4 5 x
E

A(0, 2), B(1, 0), C(1, 0), D(0, 0), E(2, 1),
F(2, 2), G(3, 1), H(1, 1)

4x + 3y = 4(4) + 3(6)

6
4
2
3

= 16 + 18
z 2 3y = (10)2 3(6)

1 0
2

y z = 6 (10)

= 16
=

=
a

85
60
13
60

3x 6 = 6

3x = 12
x=
b

= x 2 + x 20

Investigation handshakes
Represents one person.
1

4
So 4 people require 6 handshakes.

5x = 3 7 = 10
x=
c

Number of people

12 = 22
x=

4 a

+ 6 = 11

x+

10

y
4
3
2
1
4 3 2 110
2
3
4

Represents one
handshake

5x + 7 = 3

x
2

(x + 5)(x 4) = x 2 4x + 5x 20

2(4) 5
6 ( 10)

=
3

(x 1)(x 3) = x 2 3x x + 3
= x 2 4x + 3

= 6 + 10
d

3 x

= x 2 + 9x + 20

= 82

2x 5
yz

(x + 4)(x + 5) = x 2 + 5x + 4x + 20

= 100 18
c

= 34
b

1 2 3 4 5 x

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Number of handshakes

10

15

21

28

36

10

45
Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
c
Number of handshakes

45

3
2

25

15

2 1 0
1

5
2
4
6
8
Number of people
1

Function. All x values are different

Function. All x values are different

Relation. The domain contains more

than one 4

Relation. The domain contains two ones

Relation. The domain contains two 4s

and two 3s

0
1

Function. All x values are different.

The domain is {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}

The range is {0, 1, 2}
It is a function because the domain has
exactly one of each value.

4x

Relation. Crosses twice

d

H = 2 n (n 1)

10 x

Exercise 1A
1

35

Function. Crosses only once

e

y
2
1
1

Relation. Crosses twice

f

The domain is {1, 0, 1, 2, 3}

The range is {1, 0, 1, 2}

Not a function as domain contains two 1s.
3

It is a function because the domain has exactly

one of each value.
g

Exercise 1B
1

Function. Crosses only once

y
2

1
0
1

Function. Crosses only once

b

5 x

Relation. Crosses twice

y

3
2
1

5 4 3 2 1 0
1

3x

Function. Crosses only once

Function. Crosses only once

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
4

i
2

y2 = 4 x 2, y = 4 x 2

1
2 1 0
1

There are two possible values of y for any given x.

For example, When x = 1, y = 3, 3. The same
value in the domain has two possible values in the
range. Therefore x 2 + y 2 = 4 is not a function.

2 x

Function. Crosses only once

2

Manipulate the equation to make y the subject:

y=x

Exercise 1C
1

y=0

y
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2

2
1
2 1 0
1

3x

y=x+2
y
3
2
1

1 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 x

3 2 110
2

1 2 3 4

y
2
1
1

y = 0, x = 0.
8
6
4
2

y = 2x 3

2 1 0
1

f(x) = 3x

8 6 4 220
4
6
8

2 4 6 8 x

y=4
5

8
6
4
2

4
3
2

8 6 4 220
4
6
8

1
2 1 0
1

3 x

Yes. A vertical line will only cross them once.

No, vertical lines such as x = 3 are not functions.

3
2
1

y = 0, x = 1.

y = 2, x = 2.
y
8

2 110
2
3

2 4 6 8 x

6
4
1 2 3 4x

2
5 4 3 2 1 0
2

Not a function as a vertical line crosses the region

in many places

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5 x

4
6
8

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
5

y = 2, x = 1.

16

y
8
6
4
2

14
12
2 4 6 8 x

8 6 4 220
4
6
8

y = x2

10
8
4

y = 0, x = 3, x = 3.

4 x

Domain x R, Range y 0

8
6
4
2

y
20
y = x2 + 5x + 6

15

2 4 6 8 x

8 6 4 220
4
6
8

10
5
a
6

Exercise 1D
1

It is a function. Domain of {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,

10} has no value repeated.

Domain x R, Range y 0.25

d

y
10

Range {1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45}.

2

Domain {x : 4 < x 4}, Range { y : 0 y 4}

Domain {x : 1 x 5}, Range { y : 0 y 4}

Domain {x : < x < }, Range {y : 0 y < }

Domain{x : 2 x >2}, Range { y : 3 y 4}

Domain{x : 5 x 5}, Range { y : 3 y 4}

Domain {x : < x < }, Range {y : 1 y 1}

Domain{x : 2 x 2}, Range { y : 2 y 2}

Domain{x : x }, Range { y : y }

Domain x R, x 1, Range y R, y 0.

10
a

15

Domain x R, Range y R
e

y
10
y = x

4
2
0

20

40

80 100 x

60

Domain x 0, Range y 0

12
y = 2x 3
10
8
6
4
2
2 4 6 8

2 120
4
6
8

y = x3 4

Note that domain and range can be expressed in

many ways.

2x

f
a

10
y = 4 x

8
6

Domain x R, Range y R

4
2
100 80

60

40

20

Domain x 4, Range y 0

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Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
g

y
8

y=

4
8

1
x

Exercise 1E

Domain x R, x 0, Range y R, y 0
h

y
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

y = ex

Domain x R, Range y > 0

y
10
8
6
4
2

1
y=
x+2

2 4 6x

8 6 4 220
4
6
8
10

Domain x R, x 2, Range y R, y 0
j

10
8
6
4
2

y=

x+4
x2

10

20

c
d

y
4
3

a
b

Domain x R, x 2, Range y R, y 1
k

f (7) = 7 2 = 5

ii

f (3) = 3 2 = 5

iii

f ( 2 ) = 2 2 = 1 2

iv

f (0) = 0 2 = 2

f (a) = a 2

f (3) = 3(7) = 21

ii

f (3) = 3(3) = 9

iii

f ( 1 ) = 3( 1 ) = 1 2

iv

f (0) = 3(0) = 0

f (a) = 3(a) = 3a

f (7) = 1 7 =

ii

f (3) = 1 3 = 3

y=

10 1
4

x2 9
x+3
3

e
5

Domain x R, x 3, Range y R, y 6

4
1
4

1
2

7
4
4

1
2

1
8

iii

f( )= =

iv

f (0) = 1 0 = 0

f (a) = a =

f (7) = 2(7) + 5 = 19

ii

f (3) = 2(3) + 5 = 1

iii

f ( 1 ) = 2( 1 ) + 5 = 6

iv

f (0) = 2(0) + 5 = 5

f (a) = 2(a) + 5 = 2a + 5

f (7) = 72 + 2 = 51

ii

f (3) = (3)2 + 2 = 11

iii

f ( 1 ) = ( 1 )2 + 2 = 2 4

4
1
4

a
4

f (0) = (0)2 + 2 = 2
v f (a) = (a)2 + 2 = a2 + 2
f (a) = (a)2 4 = a2 4
f (a + 5) = (a + 5)2 4 = a2 + 10a + 25 4
= a2 + 10a + 21
f (a 1) = (a 1)2 4 = a2 2a + 1 4
= a2 2a 3
f (a2 2) = (a2 2)2 4 = a4 4a2 + 4 4
= a4 4a2
f (5 a) = (5 a)2 4 = 25 10a + a2 4
= a2 10a + 21
g(x) = 3, so 4 x 5 = 3
4x = 8
x=2
iv

10 20
4
6
8
10

2
x2 + 1

Domain x R, Range 0 < y 2

y=

5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x

y
2
1.5
1
0.5

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
b

The initial velocity occurs when t = 0.

V(0) = (02 9) ms 1 = 9 ms1

2x = 22

V(4) = (42 9) ms1 = 7 ms-1

x = 11

V(10) = (102 9) ms1 = 91 ms1

The particle comes to rest when V(t) = 0.

h(x) = 15
7 2x = 15

g(x) = h(x), so 4 x 5 = 7 2x

t 2 9 = 0 t 2 = 9 t = 3s.

4x + 2x = 7 + 5
6x = 12

x=2
4

1
=1
3 6
9

f (2 + h) = (

(2 + h ) + h ) (2 + h )

f (3 h)

3 h h 3 h

h(3) =

x = 6, as the denominator is zero and h(x) is

undefined.

Exercise 1F

f (5) = 5 = 125

The volume of a cube of side 5

c
d

3 6 +1
g(6) = ( ) = 19
(6) 2 4

ii

3 2 + 1
g(2) = ( ) = 5 = 1.25
( 2 ) 2 4

iii

3 0 +1
g(0) = ( ) = 1 = 0.5
( 0 ) 2 2

iv

1
3 +1
1
g = 3 = 07
3 1 2

3
3

= 4.75

= 2 + h + h 2 h = h =1
h

3 h h 3 h h 1
h

(f

g )( 3 ) = 3 ( 3 + 1) = 12

(f

g )( 0 ) = 3 ( 0 + 1) = 3

(f

D g ) ( 6 ) = 3 ( 6 + 1) = 15

(f

g )( x ) = 3 ( x + 1) = 3 x + 3

( g f )( 4 ) = (3 ( 4 ) ) + 1 = 13

( g f )( 5 ) = (3 ( 5 ) ) + 1 = 16

( g D f ) ( 6 ) = (3 ( 6 ) ) + 1 = 17
( g f )( x ) = (3 ( x ) ) + 1 = 3x + 1

(f

( h f )( 2 ) = (3 ( 2 ) )

iii

3 1 .9 + 1
g(1.9) = ( ) = 6.7 = 67
(1.9 ) 2 0.1

(f

( h f )( x ) = (3 ( x ) )

iv

3 1.99 + 1
g(1.99) = ( ) = 6.97 = 697
(1.99 ) 2 0.01

3 1 +1
g(1) = ( ) = 4 = 4
(1) 2 1

ii

3 1 .5 + 1
g(1.5) = ( ) = 5.5 = 11
(1.5 ) 2 0.5

3 1.999 ) + 1
g(1.999) = (
= 6.997 = 6997
(1.999 ) 2 0.001

vi

3 1.9999 ) + 1
g(1.9999) = (
= 6.9997 = 69997
(1.9999 ) 2 0.0001

The value of g(x) is getting increasingly

smaller as x approaches 2.
2 because the denominator equals zero when
x = 2. Division by zero is undefined.

o
p
2

a
b
c

10
4 0
10

20
f

=0

12

16

20

There is a vertical asymptote at x = 2, as

x = 2 makes the denominator zero and
g(x) is undefined.

f
g

h )( 2 ) = 3 ( 2 ) + 2 = 18
2

+ 2 = 38

h )( x ) = 3 ( x ) + 2 = 3 x 2 + 6

( g h )(3 ) = ( (3 )

+ 2 = 9x 2 + 2

+ 2 + 1 = 12

( h g )(3 ) = (3 + 1)
( g h )( x ) = ( ( x )

+ 2 = 18

+ 2 +1= x2 + 3

( h g )( x ) = ( x + 1)

( g f )(1) = 3 ( (1)

+ 2 = x 2 + 2x + 3

1 = 3

( g f )(2) = 3 ( (2)2 1) = 4 2 2 = 0

( g f )( 4 ) = 3 ( ( 4 ) 1) = 12
2
( f g )(3 ) = (3 (3 ) ) 1 = 1
2

( g D f )(3 ) = 3 ( (3 )
(f
(f

1 = 5

D g ) ( 4 ) = ( 3 ( 4 ) ) 1 = 48
2

g ) ( x + 1) = ( 3 ( x + 1) ) 1 = (2 x)2 1
2

= (4 2x + x 2) 1 = 3 2x + x 2
h

g x 2 3 x 2 1 = (1 x)2 1
= (1 2x + x 2) 1 = x 2 2x

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Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
3

(f

g )( x ) = ( x + 2 ) = x 2 + 4x + 4

(f

g )( 3 ) = ( ( 3 ) + 2 ) = 25

(f

g )( x ) = 5 ( x 2 + 1) = 5 x 2 + 5

b
c

x 8x + 19 = x 1

No inverse function. Horizontal line crosses

the graph more than once.

( g f )( x ) = ( 5x ) + 1 = 25x 2 + 1
2
( g h )( x ) = ( x 4 ) + 3 = x2 8x + 19
( h g )( x ) = ( x 2 + 3 ) 4 = x 2 1

y
2
1

4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x

y
8

8x + 19 = 1
8x = 20

( r s )( x ) = ( x )

No inverse function. Horizontal line crosses

the graph twice.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

4
8
c

y
8
4

1 2 x

5 4 3 2 1 0

Has an inverse function. Any horizontal line

crosses the graph once only.

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
6 5 4 3 2 110
2
a
3

0
4
8

y
8
4
8

1 2 3 4 x

Has an inverse function. Any horizontal line

crosses the graph once only.

0
4
8

y
8

3
2
1
0

The following have inverse functions. b, c.

Exercise 1G
a

4 = x2 4

Domain x R, Range y 4

x = 2.5
6

4 3 2 1 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 x

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1 2 3 4 x

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
y

xy =
y=
1 2 3 4 5 x

3 2 1 0

Exercise 1H
1

f g
1
ii

iii

( f g )( x ) = (

2(x ) 4) + 4

iv

( g f ) ( x ) = 2 x +2 4 4 = x

x = 3 y 1
x +1 = 3 y
f (x ) =

x +1
3

x = 1 y +5
4

4( x 5) = y
h 1( x ) = 4( x 5)

( x + 3)

f
f

y=

g (x ) =
x=

y
3+ y

( x ) = ( x + 3)

h 1( x ) = 3
h

x=

2y
5 y

5x
2+ x

x=1y
y+x=1
y=1x
f 1(x) = 1 x
x=y
f

(x) = x

5x
x +2

x 2
y +1
y 2

x ( y 2) = y + 1
xy 2 x = y + 1
xy y = 2 x + 1
y ( x 1) = 2 x + 1
y = 2x + 1
x 1

f (x ) = 2x + 1
1

=y

f 1( x ) =

4x

1
1 17 17
2
1
(5) = + 3 = =
45
4 5 20

f (x ) = x + 1
x=

x 3
2

3x
1 x

3x
1 x

f
5

x (5 y ) = 2 y
5x xy = 2 y
5x = 2 y + xy
5x = y (2 + x )

=y

f 1( x ) = 1 2 + 3

x = 2 y3 + 3
x 3 = 2 y3

x (3 + y ) = y
3x + xy = y
3x = y xy
3x = y (1 x )
f 1( x ) =
a

1
x +2

2
4y 3
4 y 3 = 2
x
4y = 2 +3
x
12
y = + 3
4x

=y

x 3
= y3
2
x 3
3
=y
2

1
x +2

2
4x 3

x=

x = 3 y 3
x +3= 3 y

x 5 = 1 y

x = 1 2

f (x ) =

g (x ) = x + 2

x +2= 1

x +2 = y
1

x = y3 2
3

10
x +7

10
y +7
y + 7 = 10
x
10
y = 7
x
1
f ( x ) = 10 7
x
10
1
f (5) = 7 = 5
5

x + 2 = y3

f (x) =
x=

they are inverses of each other

x +1
=
3

1
x

=x

(x) =

f (x) = 6 x
x=6y
x 6 = y
6x=y
f 1(x) = 6 x
f 1(5) = 6 5 = 1

2 1 4
4

2 4
1
2
2
3+ 4 1
f (3) =
= and
2
2
34
g f 3
2
2 1 4
3
4
2
2

1
x

g(1) = 2(1) 4 = 2 and

1
y

x=

6
4
2

x 1

x
3
2
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
f (x) 0.125 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 64
y
8
4

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
f (x). Domain x R, Range y > 0

f
7

(x). Domain x > 0, Range y R.

Changing the x-coefficient alters the gradient of

the line.
y

x has domain x 0.

g(x) =

First, find g 1(x):

y, x 0

x=

x 2 = y, x 0
g 1(x)

= x 2, x 0

The graph of g (x) is shown below.

2 0
2

y = |x + h| is a translation of h along the x-axis

y

g1(x)
0

y =|x 3|

y =|x + 2|

7
5

y =|x|

You can see that g 1(x) has domain x 0

range g 1(x) 0.
Now, the graph of f (x) = x 2 is shown below:
y

1
5

1 0 1

The negative sign reflects the graph in the x-axis.

Increasing the value of a means the graph
increases more steeply.

f(x)

y
4

3
2

You can see that f (x) has domain x R

range f (x) 0.
Hence, f (x) and g 1(x) are different.
8

f (x) =
1

1
x
m

3 2 1 0
1

1
m

should be 1 but m

1
m

y
8
6
4
2

= 1.

Changing the constant term translates y = x along

the y-axis.

y
6
4
2

5
3
1
4

2 0
2

6 x

2 4 6 8 x

8 6 4 220

3 x

Exercise 1I

c
m

Investigation functions
1

For graphs of f(x) and f 1(x) to be perpendicular,

m

Let f (x) = mx + c.
x = my + c
x c = my
x
c =y
m

8 6 4 220
4
6

2 4 6 8 x

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

WORKED SOLUTIONS
c

y
6
4
2
8 6 4 220
4

2 4 6 8

8
6
4
2

6
4
2

8 6 4 220
4

8 6 4 220

2 4 6 8 x

y
6

2
8

4 0
4

10 x

y
10
8
6
4
2

4
2

f (2x) + 3 has domain 3 x 1, and has

range 0 y 5.
5

f (x + 1) is a horizontal translation of f (x) by 1

units.
y
4

8 6 4 220
4
6

2 4 6 8 x

g is a vertical translation of 2 units, so

g(x) = f (x) + 2.
h is is a vertical translation of 4 units, so
h(x) = f (x) 4.
q is a horizontal stretch of scale factor 2, so
1
q(x) = f ( 2 x).
q is a horizontal translation of 4 and a vertical
translation of 2, so q(x) = f (x + 4) 2
s is a horizontal translation of 4, so
s(x) = f (x + 4).
t is a horizontal translation of 2, so t(x) = f (x 2).
y

g 4

f (x)

2
4

f (x) + 1 is a vertical translation of

f (x) by +1 unit.
y
4
A1

4 f 2

1
2

A1

0
6 4 2
1

2 x

8 6 4 220 2 4 6 8 x
4
6
8
y

f (2x) + 3 is a horizontal stretch of scale factor

1
followed by reflection in the
2
x-axis, followed by a vertical translation of 3.
y

6
4
2

2 4 6 8 x

2f (x 5) has domain 1 x 7, and has range

4 2f (x 5) 6.

2f (x 5) is a horizontal translation of 5,
followed by a vertical stretch of scale
factor 2.

A
0

4 x

2
4

This is the graph of f (x). It has domain 6 x 2

It has range 2 f (x) 3
Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

10

WORKED SOLUTIONS
c

f (x) is a reflection of f (x) in the y-axis.

f ( x ) = 3x + 17

g
f 4

A
2

2 x 17
3

f 1( x ) = 2 x 17

2f (x) is a vertical stretch of f (x) by scale factor

2.

4
A1

2
g
0
2

A
2

5
1
x = y 1
5
x +1 = 1 y
5

8 4 220
4

a
b
c

( x ) = 5 x 5
y
6
4

4 3 2 1 0

2 4 6 8 10 x

f ( x ) = 3x + 5
x = 3y + 5
x 5 = 3y
x 5
=
3

f (x ) =

1 (1 x )

(f

D g )( x ) = 2 (1 x

) + 7 = 2 2x

y2

x3 2
y

x 5
3

) x3 2
f 1 ( x
b

0
2
4

4 x

y
4
3
2
1
1 10
2
3

Domain x R,Range y 0
Domain x R, x 3, Range y R, y 0
Reflect in the y-axis. f (x) = x
Vertical stretch scale factor 2. f (x) = 2x
1
3

f (x 3) = 2(x 3)2 3(x 3) + 1

= 2x 2 12x + 18 3x + 9 + 1
= 2x 2 15x + 28
2

a
b

x 2

x y2

1 2 3 4 x

g(a 2) = 4(a 2) 5 = 4a 8 5
= 4a 13.
1 + (1 x ) 2 x
=
b h (1 x ) =

f ( x
)
x

4 (0,1)

6 x

Reflect each graph in the line y = x

a

Review exercise

g(x) is a horizontal translation of f (x) by 3 units,

followed by a vertical translation of 2 units.

2 0
2

y
5
4
3
2
1

(0,1)
A1

Reflection in the x-axis.

Horizontal translation of 3 units.
A vertical stretch of scale factor 2 followed by
a reflection in the x-axis and then a vertical
translation of 5 units.

x +4
5

f ( x ) = 1 x 1

f (x 2) + 3 is a horizontal translation of f (x)

by 2 units, followed by a vertical translation
of 3 units.
6
4
2

5( x + 1) = y
5x 5 = y

g 1( x ) =

f 4

=y

x +4
= y3
5
x +4
3
=y
5

2x = 3 y + 17
2x 17 = 3 y

2
0

x = 3 y + 17

4
A1

g ( x ) = 5x 3 4
x = 5 y3 4
x + 4 = 5 y3

Horizontal stretch scale factor . f (x) = 2(3x)

Translate 3 units left. f (x) = 2(3x + 3)
Translate 2 units up. f (x) = 2(3x + 3) + 2

+ 7 = 2 x + 9
2

Expand and simplify. f (x) = 6x 4 = 2(3x +2)

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

11

WORKED SOLUTIONS
b

Reflect in the x axis. f (x) = (x 2 )

Stretch vertically by scale factor 1 .
1

f (x ) = 4 ( x )

13 a

f (x )
Translate 5 units right.

Translate 1 unit down. f ( x)

1 1

x 5
43

2 4 6 8

Domain: x 2 Range: y > 0

y
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
4 3 2 1
2
4

(f

Domain: x R Range: y 4
3

y
12
10
8
6
4
2

g )( 0 ) = 2 ( 2 ) + 3 = 16 + 3 = 13
3

y3
x 3
2

1 2 x

0
6 5 4 3 2 1
2
4
6
8

f ( x ) = 2x 3 + 3
x = 2 y3 + 3
x 3 = 2 y3
f 1 ( x ) = 3

Domain: x R, x 2 Range: y R, y 0
4

y
8
6
4
2

f (x) is a reflection of f (x) in the line x = 0.

y
5
4
3
2
1

12 a
b

4 3 2 1 0 1 2 x
1
g(x) = 2 f (x 1) describes

the transformation:
Horizontal translation by 1 unit, followed by
1
vertical stretch, scale factor 2 . so P is (4, 1)
( f g) (x) = 3(x + 2) = 3x + 6
x
f 1(x) = 3 and g 1(x) = x 2

f (12) =
1

12
3

b
5

0
2
4
6
8

2 x

x-intercept 1.5, y-intercept 3.

y

a
6
4
2

=4

g (12) = 12 2 = 10
f 1(12) + g 1(12) = 4 + 10
f 1(12) + g 1(12) = 14
1

1 2 3 4

g (0) = 3(0) 2 = 2

x 3
=
2

11 a

y=x
1

6x 3
=0
2x 3

Review exercise

y = 2x 2

8 6 4 220
4
6
8

y = 2x + 3

6x 3
2x 3

x=1

The graph of an inverse function is the

reflection of the graph of the original function
in the line y = x.
Graph a line with a y-intercept of 3 and slope
of 2. Draw the line y = x. To graph its inverse,
sketch the mirror image of the original line.
y

10 a

1 1

x 5
43

8
6
4
2

( 2 x 1) 2

6x 3 = 0
6x = 3

Stretch horizontally
scale factor 3.
2
f ( x ) = 1 1 x
43

3(2 x 1)

(h g) (x) =

b
c

0
Domain: x R, x 0. Range: y > 0.

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

12

WORKED SOLUTIONS
6

x = 2, y = 2.

10 a

y
16

12
4

12 8 4 0
4

12 x

c
7

(x) =

x +2
3

( f 1 g ) = ( x 33) + 2 = x 3 1

( f 1 g ) ( x ) = ( g 1 f ) ( x ), so

x 1
= 3x + 1
3

x 1 = 3(3x + 1)
x 1 = 9 x + 3
8x = 4

4
2
1 0
2

( g f ) (x) = (3x 2) + 3 = 3x + 1

(2.5, 0), (0, 2.5)

x +2

y=

8
f

f (x) = 3x 2
x = 3y 2
x + 2 = 3y

3 x

x =1

f (x) = x3 3
x = y3 3

6 4 220
4

x+3=y

y = 3 x +3
f

(x) = 3 x + 3

y
12
10
8
6
y=3 4
2

x=3
2 4 6 8 x

x = 3, y = 3

y
6
4
2
6

2 0
2

6 x

1.67

y
20
x = 1

10

y=0
5 4 3 2 1 0

1 2 x

10

Oxford University Press 2012: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchasers institute

Worked solutions: Chapter 1

13