CONDUCTION

Conduction is the transfer of heat

between substances that are in direct
contact with each other. The better the
conductor, the more rapidly heat will be
transferred. Metal is a good conduction of
heat. Conduction occurs when a substance is
CONDUCTION
heated, particles will gain more energy, and
vibrate
more.
These
molecules
Conduction is the transfer
of heat
between
substances
thatthen
are inbump
direct contact with each
other. The better the into
conductor,
theparticles
more rapidly
heat
will be some
transferred.
nearby
and
transfer
of Metal is a good
conduction of heat. Conduction
occurs
when
a
substance
is
heated,
particles
will gain more
their energy to them. This then continues
energy, and vibrate more. These molecules then bump into nearby particles and transfer
and passes the energy from the hot end
some of their energy to them. This then continues and passes the energy from the hot end
down
tosubstance.
the colder end of the substance.
down to the colder end
of the

CONVECTION
Convection occurs when warmer areas of a liquid or gas rise to cooler areas in the liquid or
gas. Cooler liquid or gas
then takes the place of the warmer areas which have risen higher.
CONVECTION
This results in a continuous circulation
pattern.
Convection
occurs when warmer areas of

a liquid or gas rise to cooler areas in the liquid or

gas. Cooler liquid or gas then takes the place of
the warmer areas which have risen higher. This
Convection is heat transfer by mass motion of a fluid such as air or water when the heated
results in a continuous circulation pattern.
fluid is caused to move away from the source of heat, carrying energy with it. Convection
Other definition:
above a hot surface occurs because
hot air expands, becomes less dense, and rises (see
Convection
is heatthan
transfer
by mass
Ideal Gas Law). Hot water is likewise
less dense
cold water
and rises, causing
motion
of a fluid
such as air or water when the
convection currents which
transport
energy.
heated fluid is caused to move away from the
Convection can also lead
to circulation
in a liquid,
as in the
heating
of a pot of water over a
source
of heat, carrying
energy
with
it.
flame. Heated water expands
and
becomes
more
buoyant.
Cooler,
more
dense water near
Convection above a hot surface occurs because
the surface descends hot
and air
patterns
of circulation
can
be dense,
formed,and
though
they will not be as
expands,
becomes
less
rises
regular as suggested (see
in theIdeal
drawing.
Gas Law). Hot water is likewise less
dense than cold water and rises, causing
convection currents which transport energy.
Convection can also lead to circulation in a
liquid, as in the heating of a pot of water over a
RADIATION
flame. Heated water expands and becomes more
Cooler,
more
dense
water
Radiation is a methodbuoyant.
of heat transfer
that
does
not rely
uponnear
any the
contact between the heat
descends
and
patterns
of circulation
can Heat can be
source and the heatedsurface
object as
is the case
with
conduction
and convection.
transmitted though empty
space
by
thermal
radiation
often
called
infrared
be formed, though they will not be as regular as radiation. This is
a type electromagnetic
radiation .in
Nothe
mass
is exchanged and no medium is required in the
suggested
drawing.
Other definition:

RADIATION
Radiation is a method of heat

process of radiation. Examples of radiation is the heat from the sun, or heat released from
transfer
that does not rely upon any
the filament of a light
bulb.
CONVECTION
contact between the heat source and

the heated object as is the case with

Convection occurs when warmer areas of a liquid or gas rise to cooler areas in the liquid or
and
convection.
can have risen higher.
gas. Cooler liquid orconduction
gas then takes the
place
of the warmerHeat
areas which
This results in a continuous
circulation pattern.
be transmitted
though empty space

by thermal radiation often called

infrared radiation. This is a type
Convection is heat transfer by mass motion of a fluid such as air or water when the heated
electromagnetic radiation . No mass is
fluid is caused to move away from the source of heat, carrying energy with it. Convection
medium
is required
above a hot surfaceexchanged
occurs because and
hot airno
expands,
becomes
less dense, and rises (see
Ideal Gas Law). Hot in
water
is
likewise
less
dense
than
cold
water
and rises, causing
the process of radiation. Examples
convection currents which transport energy.
of radiation is the heat from the sun,
Convection can alsoor
lead
to circulation
in a liquid,
in the
heating ofof
a pot
heat
released
from as
the
filament
a of water over a
flame. Heated water expands and becomes more buoyant. Cooler, more dense water near
light bulb.
the surface descends and patterns of circulation can be formed, though they will not be as
Other definition:

regular as suggested in the drawing.

HEAT TRANSFER
Heat transfer is the exchange of thermal
energy between physical systems. The rate of
heat transfer is dependent on the temperatures
of the systems and the properties of the
intervening medium through which the heat is
transferred. The three fundamental modes of
heat transfer are conduction, convection and
radiation. Heat transfer, the flow of energy in the
form of heat, is a process by which a system
changes its internal energy, hence is of vital use
in applications of the First Law of
Thermodynamics. Conduction is also known as
diffusion, not to be confused with diffusion
related to the mixing of constituents of a fluid.
The direction of heat transfer is from a
region of high temperature to another region of
lower temperature, and is governed by the
Second Law of Thermodynamics. Heat transfer
changes the internal energy of the systems from
which and to which the energy is transferred.
Heat transfer will occur in a direction that
increases the entropy of the collection of
systems.