Melia Vidakovi

Stjepan Wershansky

Donji
Miholjac

impresum

Nakladnik:
Studio HS internet. d.o.o., Osijek
Za nakladnika:
Tibor Santo
Autori:
Melia Vidakovi
Stjepan Wershansky
Recenzija:
Zdenko Samarija, prof
Grafiki urednik:
uro Jeleevi
Lektor:
Jadranka Antunovi, prof
Prijevod na engleski jezik:
Nikolina Jeleevi, prof
Fotografije iz zraka:
Varju Vilmos, Peuh - Maarska
Grafika priprema:
Studio HS internet d.o.o., Osijek
Tisak:
Tiskara Pauk, Cerna
Naklada:
1000 primjeraka
ISBN:
978-953-7630-02-7

Grad Donji Miholjac, nekad veliko trgovite, financijsko sredite Virovitiko-podravske upanije, kulturno - turistiko
odredite samog vrha Habsburke Monarhije, ima sve predispozicije da vrati staru slavu.
Ova fotomonografija dokazuje da je Donji Miholjac i danas biser Slavonije koji zasluuje svoje mjesto u svijetu kulture
i turizma. Na fotografijama su prikazana sva prirodna bogatstva: atraktivne ribnjaarske, umske i poljoprivredne povrine,
parkovi, bogatstvo flore i faune, kulturno turistike i sakralne znamenitosti, te ostale ljepote zabiljeene okom umjetnika.
Bogati turistiki resursi osnova su za razvoj nekoliko oblika selektivnog turizma: ruralnog, lovnog i ribolovnog, kulturno
- povijesnog ali i ekolokog turizma kako je Grad Donji Miholjac sa svojom okolicom i ekoloki znaajno podruje koje bitno
pridonosi ouvanju bioloke raznolikosti.
Razvoj gospodarstva posljednjih nekoliko godina i danas odraava se i na razvoj turizma uz sve veu potporu
gospodarstvenika Grada Donjeg Miholjca.
Dragi itatelji nakon to ste proitali zanimljivosti o gradu i uivali u predivnim fotografijama, doite i doivite sve ari
ovog malog slavonskog grada, a koji je prole godine proslavio svoj 950 roendan!

Gradonaelnik grada Donjeg Miholjca

Stjepan Viduka, dipl.iur

Donji Miholjac

DONJI MIHOLJAC
KRATKA POVIJEST
Prirodne osobitosti Donjeg Miholjca: blizina rijeke Drave, iroko plavljeno podruje, guste ume, pjeane dine i
lesne terase davale su povoljne uvjete za ivot ljudi u ovom kraju od prvih poetaka paleolita pa sve do danas.
O tome govore brojna arheoloka nalazita, a najznaajnija su: Brdaa srednjovjekovno naselje, Staro groblje srednjovjekovna gradina, Rudina Maroslavci ostatci neolita, mlaeg kamenog doba.
Prvi su zabiljeeni tragovi naseljavanja Donjeg Miholjca prije Rimljana tragovi plemena Andiezetesa.U rimsko
doba ovim prostorom prolazi rimska podravska magistrala uz koju se grade brojne vojne postaje i naselja. Magistrala
se protezala od Aquileile, grada u sjevernoj Italiji, do Singidunuma (Beograda) u duini od 544 km. Graena je uz desnu
obalu rijeke Drave. Na Ptolomejevoj karti s poetka 2. stoljea nalazi se Mariniana, danas Donji Miholjac.
Dva stoljea kasnije na Pojtingerovoj tabli iz 340. g. spominje se Marinianis, tj. Donji Miholjac. To su u prvo vrijeme
bile vojne postaje oko kojih se kasnije razvijaju naselja.
Poetkom 10. stoljea u Panonsku nizinu dolaze Maari. Pokuaj prodora preko rijeke Drave nije uspio. Poraeni
su od hrvatskog kralja Tomislava koji je tom pobjedom ujedinio Posavsku i Dalmatinsku Hrvatsku. Jaa povezanost
Slavonije s Primorjem osjea se za vrijeme vladavine kralja Zvonimira. No ubrzo nakon njegove smrti Slavonija dolazi
pod vlast Maara (Arpadovia) i to za vrijeme maarskog kralja Ladislava.
Da bi se Slavoniju i u crkvenom pogledu odvojilo od Hrvatske, osnivaju se upe i biskupije, uglavnom na
maarskom podruju.
Prvi zapis o Donjem Miholjcu vezan je za izgradnju prve crkve na ovom prostoru koja je graena polovinom 11.
stoljea i posveena sv. Mihaelu.
U opisu crkve navodi se da je ona imala visoke zidove i tornjeve, a bila je opasana dubokim opkopom. Tijekom
13. stoljea pa sve do dolaska Turaka ovo je podruje pripadalo plemenu Teten, a usko je vezano sa sudbinom obitelji
Srednjanski i obitelji Hunjadi. Sredite vlastelinstva nalazilo se u Osuvku (Osvany ili Asvany).

- 1229. g. ugarski kralj Andrija potvruje knezu Marcelu Pakrakom od plemena Teten obiteljski posjed Osuvak.
- 1436. osuvako vlastelinstvo prelazi u vlast obitelji Morovi.
Granica osuvakog vlastelinstva u ijem se sklopu nalazio i Donji Miholjac poinje na obali Drave, sjeverno od
Viljeva, i protee se do Valpova i do Naica.
- 1536. g. Turci prodiru u Slavoniju.
U vrijeme turske vladavine cijela je Slavonija bila podijeljena na sandakate i pripadala je Budimpetanskom
paaluku. Da bi uvrstili svoju vlast, Turci grade utvrenja u Svetom uru i Podravskoj Moslavini te osposobljavaju
prijelaze preko rijeke Drave. Dolaskom Turaka dolazi do promjena, kako u nainu ivota, tako i u vjerskoj i nacionalnoj
strukturi stanovnitva.
Oko crkve sv. Mihaela niu mnogobrojna satelitska naselja od svega nekoliko kua. Znaajnija su naselja bila:
Maroslavci, Osuvak, Janjevci, uranci,Veselovci, Farkaevci, Palite i dr. Danas su to imena pojedinih rudina. Velike i

kue srednje veliine bile su sagraene od iblja. Turskih kua bilo je trideset. Preko rijeke Drave postojao je prijelaz
skela, koju su Turci dali u zakup, ali se ne zna koliko je ona donosila koristi.
Hrvatsko-banska vojska na elu s banom Erddy-jem i krajinici s generalom Jakobom Leslom 1684. g. kreu u
oslobaanje Slavonije. Slaba utvrda Donji Miholjac predala se kapetanu Gai Balogu. To je ujedno bio i kraj turske vlasti
u Donjem Miholjcu.

SLAVONIJA U SASTAVU HABSBURKE MONARHIJE

Poslije osloboenja od turske vlasti Slavonija je ponovo ula u sklop Habsburke Monarhije, ali nije dola pod
upravu hrvatskog bana i sabora.
Carski dvor poklanjao je i rasprodavao slavonska vlastelinstva preteno strancima. Tako su u Slavoniji stvoreni
krupni feudalni posjedi.
Zemlje, oranice, stare ume i naselja oko Valpova i Donjeg Miholjca, pod zajednikim nazivom Vlastelinstvo
Valpovako, daruje car Karlo VI. 31. prosinca 1721. g. Petru Antunu Hilleprandu von Prandau. Petra Hillepranda naslijedio
je njegov sin Ignac za kojeg kau da je troio i pijanevao pa su ga zvali Barun veseljak. Oenio se Marijom, keri
Sigmunda Pejaevia (vlasnika Rume, Retfale i Podgoraa). Tom enidbom poinje ozbiljniji ivot: preureuje sudove,
podie nove kole, ureuje crkve i dr. Iz ovog braka Josip ima etiri keri i dva sina, Karla i Gustava.
Nakon oeve smrti Karlo dobiva miholjaki distrikt, a Gustav valpovaki.
Karlo je zavrio gimnaziju u Osijeku, studirao je pravo i glazbu, a takoer je i skladao. Kada se preselio u Donji
Miholjac, esto je odlazio zbog glazbe u Peuh. Izumio je glazbeni instrument fisharmoniku s kojom je 1835. g. nastupio
na crkvenom koncertu odranom povodom smrti cara Franje I. U ast baruna i bana Josipa Jelaia napisao je koranicu.
Bio je prijatelj J.J. Strossmayera. Umro je u Beu 1865. g.
Gustav je imao tri keri: Mariju, Alvinu i tefaniju. Smru strica Karla koji nije imao nasljednika tefanija dobiva
miholjaki dio. Posjed je bio bogat gustim hrastovim umama s bogatim lovitem, plodnim oranicama i livadama.
U braku ure i tefanije roeno je pet sinova: uro, Josip, Geza, Ladislav i Gustav te dvije keri: Etelka i arlota.
Nakon tragine urine smrti 1883. g.(ubio ga je u Budimpeti radi grabea njegov sluga) o imanju se brine
tefanija uz pomo sina Ladislava.
Ladislav Mailath roen je 5. kolovoza 1862. g. Po tefanijinoj smrti braa i sestre odriu se nasljedstva u Ladislavovu
korist. Ladislav se 1905. g. eni Ilmom groficom Sztaray- Hadik. Vjenanje je odrano u Budimpeti. Djece nisu imali,
dakle ni nasljednika. Koliko su se sprijateljili i ostali bliski, govori to to je Ferdinand, austro-ugarski prestolonasljednik
bio redoviti Ladislavov gost, u lovu, kao i na odmoru. Tako je Ferdinand bio u Donjem Miholjcu, u lovu na ljuke, svega tri
mjeseca prije atentata na njega u Sarajevu.
Navodi se da je Ladislav i kumovao Ferdinandovoj djeci na krtenju.
Donji Miholjac bio je tada vano privredno i kulturno sredite ovog dijela Podravine.

PRIRODNA BATINA
Grad Donji Miholjac s ouvanom tradicijskom pejsanom arhitekturom, graanskim nainom ivota i kulturnim
znamenitostima ima sve preduvjete za razvoj odrivog turizma temeljenog na bogatoj prirodnoj batini i naslijeu.
Zasad najstariji povijesni izvor koji govori o izgledu perivoja katastarska je karta iz 1862. g. koja potvruje da je rije o
pejsanom perivoju tada u vrhu europskog pejsanog stvaralatva. Perivoj je zatien kao spomenik parkovne arhitekture
od 1961. g. Na istoku i sjeveroistoku perivoj je prelazio u korisne vrtove. Meu njima svojim se trapeznim oblikom i
unutarnjim ustrojem istie vrt istono od dvorca. Po sredini perivoja nalazile su se tri zgrade njemu namijenjene koje
su prije 1885. g. bile sruene. U prilog tomu govori i opis perivoja Adolfa Danhelowskoga. Perivoj je nastao nakon 1818.
godine, nakon izgradnje starog prizemnog dvorca. Njegova je povrina sredinom i potkraj 19. st. (1885.), a vjerojatno i u
doba nastanka, iznosila 18 jutara i 951 etvorni hvat. Staklenik duljine 57,20 metara izgraen 1872. g. na sjevernom dijelu
trapeznoga vrta bio je napravljen od eline konstrukcije, krov mu je bio na sjevernoj strani pokriven limom, a na junoj
staklom. Imao je tri odjeljka: sredinji za tropsko bilje i po jedan sa svake strane za spremanje cvijea, koje se ljeti dralo u
posudama u perivoju. U odjeljku za tropsko bilje bio je vodoskok. U perivoju su do danas sauvani osmerokutni paviljon
i tri uresna vrta izmeu paviljona i terase dvorca. Meu mnogobrojnim biljnim sortama u perivoju razlikujemo dvije

Donji Miholjac

skupine: samorodno(autohtono) drvee i raznolike unesene vrste(egzote) iz doba nastanka perivoja. Svojom starou
i veliajnim izgledom osobito je dojmljiva pterokarija (Pterocarya faxinifolia), a slini su i movarni empresi(Taxodium
distichum). U perivoju se nalazi 110 sorti drvea i grmlja: 20 vrsta etinjaa, 90 vrsta listaa i 80 vrsta livadnog bilja.
DVORCI I PLEMSTVO
Dvorac Prandau, izgraen 1818. g. u kasno-baroknom stilu. Ana Marija Prandau, ro. Pejaevi za svoga sina
Karla dala je izgraditi dvorac i uz njega podigla perivoj.
Grb obitelji Prandau
Poluokrugli je tit kvadriran; u gornjem desnom i donjem lijevom crnom polju, unutra okrenut, ovjek u oklopu
sa ljemom na kojem su crvena nojeva pera u podignutoj lijevoj ruci dri ma, a desnu je ruku oslonio na bok; u gornjem
lijevom i donjem desnom crveno-crnom polju kosa je zlatno-srebrna greda obloena stablom kome se sa vanjske strane
nalaze, jedna iznad druge, tri ovjeje ruke, dlanom prema vani; u sredini je tita titi u kojem je rimo-njemaki carski
orao s carskom krunom.
Nakit se sastoji od tri kacige.
Iznad prve je kacige zlatna kruna na kojoj je izmeu rogova gorue stablo.
Plat je zlatno-plavi.
Iznad druge kacige zlatna je kruna iz koje izlazi carski orao.
Plat je plavo-zlatni.
Iznad tree je kacige zlatna kruna iz koje izlazi ovjek u oklopu.
Plat je crno-zlatni.
Plemstvo
Plemstvo je podijelio Rudolf 17. prosinca 1579. godine. Viteko plemstvo cara Leopolda I. dobiveno je u Beu
10. lipnja 1674.godine, uz proirenje grba i dodjelu pridjevka de prandau. Barunat rimske drave podijeljen je u Beu 3.
sijenja 1704.g. Petru Antunu Hilleprandu de Prandau, vlasniku imanja Valpova i Miholjca u Slavoniji.
Dvorac Mailath-Tudor, engleski stil (arhitekt Istvan Moller)
Obitelj Mailath potjee iz Erdelja u dananjoj Rumunjskoj, maarsko grofovstvo dobili su 1885. g., a posjedovali
su dvorce Pebernyk Zavar u dananjoj Slovakoj i Gordany u Maarskoj.
Kamen temeljac novog miholjakog dvorca sveano je postavila 30. svibnja 1903. g. grofica Stefanija Mailath
von Szekhely, roena barunica Hilleprand von Prandau. Gradnja dvorca zavrena je 1906. g. Graevina puna romantike
smatra se jednim od najljepih dvoraca Hrvatske. Nemirne plohe fasade, kule cilindrinih oblika, brojni mansardni
prozori, dimnjaci, prostrane terase, balkoni ograeni ogradama od kovanog eljeza odlike su ovog historicistikog stila.
Kapelica u neogotikom stilu posveena Duhu Svetom
U oujku 1914. g. u kapelici dvorca sluena je misa kojoj je nazoio i Franjo Ferdinand prestolonasljednik, koji tri
mjeseca kasnije biva ubijen prilikom atentata u Sarajevu.
SPOMENICI
Spomenik poginulim braniteljima Domovinskog rata, Kreimir Birnbaum, Osijek
Spomen-obiljeje u Parku Matice hrvatske otkriveno je 27. rujna 2002. g. u znak sjeanja na sve hrvatske
branitelje s podruja grada Donjeg Miholjca i bive opine Donji Miholjac. U podnoju spomenika nalaze se stihovi
Antuna Nemia:
Slava njima, slava svima
Ki umiru, slino njima
Spomenik Franji Josipu I. akademskog kipara i svjetski poznatog medaljara Roberta Frangea Mihanovia
U nazonosti hrvatskog bana Teodora Pejaevia 20. kolovoza 1905. godine u Donjem Miholjcu otkriven je
spomenik caru i kralju Franji Josipu I.
Spomenik je podignut u znak sjeanja na dolazak i boravak cara Franje Josipa I. u Donji Miholjac, 12.-14. rujna,

prilikom odravanja vojnih manevara austro-ugarske vojske. U carevoj pratnji bili su i prestolonasljednik Franjo Ferdinand
te rumunjski prestolonasljednik Ferdinand.
Tom je prigodom najboljima na vjebi car dodijelio medalje.
Grad Donji Miholjac sa svojom okolicom prepoznatljiv je po svojim bogatim prirodnim ljepotama i resursima.
Povoljan poloaj, poseban biljni i ivotinjski svijet te bogati fond divljai omoguili su i razvoj lovstva kao zatitu i
ouvanje prirode te posebice lovnog turizma koji potie ukupni gospodarski razvitak.
ORGANIZIRANOST LOVSTVA
U Republici Hrvatskoj Zakonom o lovstvu, lovita su razvrstana na dvije vrste:
- vlastita - ustanovljena na zemljitu u vlasnitvu pravne ili fizike osobe (privatno lovite) i
lovite ustanovljeno na zemljitu u vlasnitvu Republike Hrvatske (dravno lovite)
- zajednika - ustanovljena na zemljitima raznih vlasnitava, gdje se prema odredbama ovog
zakona nije moglo ustanoviti vlastito lovite.
Lovaki savez Osjeko-baranjske upanije osnovan je 1995.g., a njegovim osnivanjem bivi savezi lovakih
drutava opina Valpovo, Donji Miholjac, Beli Manastir te opinska lovaka drutva Osijek i akovo donijeli su odluke o
prestanku djelovanja. Danas je u Lovaki savez Osjeko-baranjske upanije putem 6 lovnih ureda ulanjeno 105 lanica
s oko 3152 lovaca i 162 lovna pripravnika.
Lovni ured Donji Miholjac raspolae s 5 lovita na 22 413 ha. Ima 9 udruga, 314 lovaca i 15 pripravnika te
registrirana 23 lovaka psa.
Melia Vidakovi

Donji Miholjac

PRIGRADSKA NASELJA

GOLINCI
Golinci su malo selo smjeteno nedaleko od Donjeg Miholjca koje broji oko 500 stanovnika, od toga 370
punoljetnih i 130 djece.
U blizini Golinaca nalazi se rijeka Karaica. 1967. godine kroz Golince su napravlje ceste, gradnja nogostupa
zapoeta je 1978. godine, a zavrena dvije godine kasnije. 1990. godine cijelo je selo asfaltirano, a 1992. ono je spojeno
sa susjednim selom Miholjakim Poreom. Elektrina energija provedena je 1960. godine, kola je sagraena 1888.
godine, a crkva sv. Ivana Glavosijeka 1890. godine.
U Golincima djeluje nekoliko nositelja drutvenih aktivnosti: DVD Golinci, portsko ribolovno drutvo Linjak
Golinci, Nogometni klub Mladost Golinci te Lovako drutvo Kobac Golinci.
U mjestu je nekada postojao most preko rijeke Karaice koji je vodio do malog naselja zvanog Kabalna koje je
takoer pripadalo Golincima. Ondje je tada ivjelo tridesetak stanovnika, no tijekom odreenog vremenskog razdoblja
naselje nestaje.
Veina se stanovnika u Golincima bavi poljoprivredom, tako da trenutano tamo postoji nekoliko obrta kao to
su proizvodnja povra tvrtke PZ-Matijevi, proizvodnja kozjeg sira Veligaj te uzgoj gljiva obitelji Lovoevi.

MIHOLJAKI PORE
Miholjaki Pore smjestio se na desnoj obali Karaice i jedno je u nizu naselja donjega toka ove neko prometne
rijeke, odnosno ile-kucavice srednjovjekovnoga gospodarstva donjomiholjakoga kraja i Valpovtine. Dananji
Miholjaki Pore nastao je sredinom 18. stoljea doseljavanjem stanovnika iz zaselaka uz Karaicu, koji su svoja imanja
i ognjita, podignuta jo u stoljeu sedmom (a moda i ranije), zamijenila kuama i gospodarskim zgradama iji je
meusobni raspored propisala jo carica i kraljica Marija Terezija. Uz njih su se u Miholjakom Poreu naselili i okci,
hrvatsko stanovnitvo pridolo iz Bosne.
Stanovnici Miholjakoga Porea tradicionalno se bave uzgojem stoke i biljnih kultura, na alost ne za trite ve
za svoje potrebe. U novije vrijeme poeli su nuditi, isprva srameljivo a sada sve znaajnije, povrtne kulture pa i cvijee.
Oduvijek su lovili ribu, kornjae i sisavce koji ive u vodi i uz vodu te rijene koljke po ijoj su prodaji bili poznati na
trnicama Donjega Miholjca, Valpova pa ak i Osijeka i koji su bili osnovica njihova jelovnika.

PODGAJCI PODRAVSKI
Mjesto je dobilo ime po rijei gaj, ije je znaenje umica, umarak, te naziv upuuje na to da su se u svoje
vrijeme mjetani naselili pod gajem. Arheolog Josip Brunmid (Vinkovci, 10. II. 1858. Zagreb, 29. X. 1929.) pokuao je
prema biljekama koje je u svoje vrijeme mogao imati na temelju novca rekonstruirati pretpovijesne trgovake putove

u posljednja dva stoljea prije Krista te je ustanovio da je najvie nalaza novca bilo uz mjesta uz Dunav, od Zemuna do
Dalja, te uz Dravu od Osijeka do Podgajaca Podravskih.
Iz knjige Antuna Devia - Froka Zefiqa, upa Podgajci Podravski

RAKITOVICA
Selo Rakitovica spominje se od prije est stotina godina, u 14. stoljeu. Usmena predaja i ostatci bivih nastambi
pokazuju da je selo postojalo uz korito rjeice Karaice, na prostoru Rudina, pod imenom Staro Selo. Zanimljivo je
spomenuti da je na sjevernoj strani sela, uz dananju cestu prema Donjem Miholjcu, postojao hrast kojeg se stariji seljani
jo uvijek sjeaju po imenu vilovski rast. Bio je glasovit po svojoj starosti, a jo vie po vilinskoj moi. Ljudi su vjerovali i
priali da mu je mo bila velika jer je on bio centar svih vila i vjetica od Aranja (brdo u Maarskoj) do Papuka. Poznat
je po utvarama, sveicama, vatrama i prikazama, a sve je to, po njihovu miljenju, prouzrokovalo stradanja u njegovoj
blizini.
Prva crkva u Rakitovici podignuta je 1798.g. To je crkva sv. Jakoba apostola, koja je obnovljena i ureena kao
filijala upe Donji Miholjac.
Kulturno-umjetniko drutvo u Rakitovici osnovano je davne 1929. godine. Osnivai KUD-a bili su seoski uitelj
Venos po kojem se i danas zove ulica u Rakitovici, Venoseva, i Josip okli ije ime danas nosi KUD.
Iz knjige Marije Rattinger, Kulturno umjetniko drutvo Josip okli-Rakitovica

RADIKOVCI
Ugarski palatin Rado ili Radovan proirio je svoju vlast u 11. st. u Slavoniji blizu Drave i ini se da je on dao ime
ovom mjestu. Radikovci su 1789. postali samostalna upa s filijalama Pore i Golinci. 1738. godine imali su drvenu crkvu
od pletera posveenu sv. Ani. upni stan u Radikovcima podignut je 1834. godine.
Iz knjige Josipa Brsztlea, Povijest katolikih upa

SVETI URA
Mjesto i upa Sveti ura dobili su ime po nebeskom zatitiniku crkve i upe sv. Jurju - mueniku, ije se ime u
Slavoniji izgovaralo ura, a njegov se spomendan ili blagdan i danas zove urevo. U dokumentima pisanim latinskim,
talijanskim, maarskim i hrvatskim jezikom ispred imena sela i upe Sveti ura uvijek stoji pridjev sveti (Sanctus
Georgius, San Giorgio, Szent Gyrgy, Sveti ura).
Selo Sveti ura nalazi se u podravskom dijelu Slavonije, u Osjeko-baranjskoj upaniji istono od Donjeg
Miholjca, uz rijeku Dravu.

Donji Miholjac

GOSPODARSTVO
DONJEG MIHOLJCA
Gospodarstvo grada Donjeg Miholjca oduvijek se razvijalo na prirodnim resursima ovoga kraja. Pratei razvoj
gospodarstva na ovom prostoru moemo doi do podataka da se ovo podruje uvijek oslanjalo na dva izuzetna
prirodna bogatstva: poljoprivredno zemljite i ume. Poetci organizirane proizvodnje za trite imaju svoje temelje
na miholjakom vlastelinstvu ve u devetnaestom stoljeu. Poljoprivredni proizvodi, njihova prerada i trenje temelj
su tadanjeg razvoja, ali ume su u potpunosti iskoritene u susjednim industrijskim mjestima: urenovcu i Beliu.
Gospodarstvo obitelji Mailath proizvodilo je raznovrsne proizvode od kojih su se neki, kao to su putar, ocat, ali i rum i
konjak sa znakom obitelji Mailath, nali i na carskom stolu.
Izgradnja mosta na Dravi i dvorca u Donjem Miholjcu na ove je prostore dovela razliite majstore najrazliitijih
zanimanja iz cijele carevine, ali i iz Italije. Njihov je dolazak dao snaan doprinos razvoju obrta i cijelog gospodarstva tako
da Donji Miholjac uvruje svoj poloaj gospodarskog, kulturno-prosvjetnog, sudbenog i administrativnog sredita.
Razdoblje nakon 1. svjetskog rata razdoblje je obiljeeno raskidom stoljetnih veza sa sjevernim susjedima. Propast
planova za gospodarski razvoj i prometno povezivanje unutar Austro-Ugarske Donji Miholjac stavljaju pod vojni nadzor
nove kraljevine.
Sve do 1972. godine i otkria nafte na ovim prostorima Donji je Miholjac stagnirao na svim podrujima drutvenog
i ekonomskog ivota.
Pravi industrijski razvoj ovaj kraj doivljava sedamdesetih godina prolog stoljea nakon pronalaska nafte i plina
na najbogatijim nalazitima tadanje drave Beniancima.
Sredstvima od nameta za iskoritavanje ovih prirodnih bogatstava zapoinje izgradnja suvremenih industrijskih
pogona.
Gospodarstvo je i nadalje temeljeno na poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji, a razvoj industrije vezuje se za velike sustave
bive drave (Borovo, IPK Osijek, Analit i DIK urenovac), to se tijekom zadnjih deset godina pokazalo kao oteavajui
imbenik jer su uglavnom ovi sustavi propali, a time i pogoni u Donjem Miholjcu i okolici.
Stanje na prijelazu u ovo stoljee trailo je postavljanje novih razvojnih ciljeva i odreivanje mjera koje e do tih
ciljeva i dovesti, a to su odgovori na pitanja:
- kako potaknuti novo zapoljavanje jer je stopa nezaposlenih bila ak 27%
- kako potaknuti otvaranje i razvoj novih obrta i tvrtki
- kako stvoriti takve uvjete da izvoz za pet godina sa 12 milijuna eura naraste na 50 milijuna
- kako privui domaa i strana ulaganja na ovo podruje, prvenstveno u greenfield investicije, i time potai
ulaganje u nove tehnologije i znanja
- kako poveati sredstva u proraunu i omoguiti bolji drutveni standard svih graana.
Kao sredstvo preko kojeg e se ostvariti ovi ciljevi definirana je izgradnja Industrijske zone Janjevci, kao prostora
na kojem e se ulagaima osigurati potpuna infrastruktura, a time i ubrzati razvoj gospodarstva.

10

Ciljeve je bilo prilino lako definirati, ali u izboru mjera trebalo je razrijeiti mnoge dvojbe i zablude. Iskustva
mnogih zona pokazala su da su zone infrastrukturno izgraene, opremljene, uloena su velika sredstva, ali ulagaa
nema.
Miholjaki poduzetniki centar izradio je Projekt dinamiziranja investicija u Industrijskoj zoni Janjevci. Ocijenjeno
je da postoje glavni imbenici za njegovo ostvarenje: ljudi, infrastruktura te jasno opredjeljenje za stvaranje pozitivnog
stava prema ulagaima.
Grad se opredijelio za namjenu zone izgradnji industrijskih pogona i vodei rauna o prirodnim resursima odredio
ciljane industrijske grane: prehrambenu industriju, drvopreraivaku industriju, metalsku te kemijsku industriju.
Danas je Industrijska zona Janjevci najdinaminije gradilite u Slavoniji. U tijeku je izgradnja objekata prehrambene
i metalopreraivake industrije, a ulaganja za drvopreraivaku i kemijsku industriju u tijeku su priprema.
Na podruju prehrambene industrije izgraeni su proizvodni kapaciteti tvrtke Kanaan za preradu krumpira
te tvrtke Plodovi Zemlje Matijevi, tvrtki koje organiziraju proizvodnju, obradu, pakiranje i pripremu svjeeg povra
za velike domae i strane trgovake lance i u cijelosti snabdijevaju Konzum domaim povrem. Razvoj prehrambene
industrije temelji se na razvoju primarne poljoprivredne proizvodnje. U posljednjih pet godina Donji Miholjac postaje
sredite povrtlarske proizvodnje u Slavoniji, a proizvodi zavravaju na policama trgovakih centara diljem Hrvatske.
U metalskoj industriji izgraena je tvornica za pei na kruto gorivo tvrtke Limex, pogon za obradu metala obrta
Brumar, pogon za proizvodnju prikolica tvrtke BMV-Metal, Metal servis - izrada dijelova za poljoprivredne strojeve, servis
tvrtke Autoeuropa za servisiranje kombajna za eernu repu kao ovlateni serviser tvrtke Holmer, izgradnja stranog
ulaganja tvornice Euro-grupe za preradu drveta i izradu parketa, a u prostorima Poduzetnikog inkubatora Osvit
u Donjem Miholjcu pripremaju se za ulaganje u Industrijsku zonu Janjevci dvije tvrtke iz podruja prerade plastike i
poliestera.
Ukupna izravna ulaganja koja e ovi ulagai uloiti u nabrojane kapacitete iznosit e oko 300 milijuna kuna.
Prema predvianjima ulagaa na ovom prostoru u novim tvornicama radit e izmeu 350 i 500 radnika. Danas su ve
vidljivi rezultati i na smanjenju broja nezaposlenih, tako da je stopa nezaposlenosti pala na 19%.
Posebno raduje injenica da su sastavni dio novih ulaganja nove suvremene tehnologije i najsuvremeniji strojevi
u ovim proizvodnjama.
Brzina koju je potaknuo ovaj projekt u izgradnji zone trai novu utrku s vremenom i novim ulagaima. Nastavak
izgradnje Industrijske zone Janjevci i njezin daljnji razvoj planirani su na vrijeme, tako da e nove graevinske parcele za
nove ulagae biti spremne ve ove jeseni. Interes novih ulagaa poveao se, to je vidljivo kroz svakodnevne kontakte s
domaim, ali stranim poduzetnicima.
Osnovni moto i nadalje e biti Usmjeravanje na potrebe ulagaa, a ne na vlastite potrebe. Interes novih moguih
ulagaa s kojima smo u kontaktu ukazuju nam da smo na dobrom tragu uspjene prie s kojom su stvorene nove anse
za razvoj donjomiholjake subregije. Ishodi poslovanja prehrambene industrije koja svoju sirovinsku osnovu pronalazi
na podruju Slavonije pokazuju da su opravdana ovakva ulaganja. Iznenauje injenica da postoje poduzetnici spremni
ulagati u nove proizvodnje i oslanjati se na mogunosti domaeg trita sirovina i istovremeno probijati zapreke prema
vanjskim tritima. Raduje injenica da je vei dio ulagaa svoju proizvodnju ve prodao na stranom tritu. Postavljeni
cilj da se na svjetsko trite povea izvoz do 50 milijuna eura postaje sve vie ostvariv.
Danas gospodarstvo na podruju Donjeg Miholjca zapoljava preko 4.000 radnika. To je brojka koja se pribliava
broju radno aktivnog stanovnitva. Naalost, razvoj susjednih opina ne prati razvoj gospodarstva Donjeg Miholjca, tako
da je Donji Miholjac i stvarno gospodarsko sredite svoje subregije.
VALENT POSLON, direktor Miholjakog poduzetnikog centra

Donji Miholjac

11

The town of Donji Miholjac, once a big market town, a financial centre of Virovitica-Podravina County, top cultural and
touristic destination of the Habsburg Monarchy, has all predispositions to regain its old glory.
This photo-monograph shows that Donji Miholjac is still the pearl of Slavonia, and it deserves its place in the world
of culture and tourism. The photographs show all natural riches: attractive fishing, wood and agricultural areas, parks, the
richness of fauna and flora, cultural, touristic and sacral sights, and other beauties shown through the eye of the artist.
The rich tourist resources are the basis of the development of several kinds of selective tourism: rural, hunting
and fishing, cultural, historical, but also ecological tourism since the town Donji Miholjac with its surrounding area is also
ecologically significant area that greatly contributes to the preservation of biological diversity.
The development of the economy during the last few years is reflected today on the development of tourism, with a
greater support of the economists of Donji Miholjac.
Dear readers, after you have read the interesting facts about our town and enjoyed the beautiful photographs, come
and see all the delights of this small Slavonian town which celebrated its 950th birthday last year!

The mayor of town Donji Miholjac

Stjepan Viduka, L.L.B.

12

DONJI MIHOLJAC

SHORT HISTORY

The natural characteristics of Donji Miholjac: close proximity of the river Drava, wide flooded area, thick woods,
sand-dunes and loess terraces have provided the people of this area with agreeable living environment since the
beginnings of the Palaeolithic till today.
There are numerous archaeological sights which confirm this, and the most important ones are: Brdaa a
medieval settlement, Staro groblje a medieval hill-fort, Rudina Maroslavci the remains of Neolithic.
First recorded traces of settlement in Donji Miholjac before the Romans are the traces of the tribe Andiezetesa.
During the Roman times, there is a Roman road passing through Podravina along which many military stations and
settlements develop. The road, 544 km long, was going from Aquileila, a town in northern Italy, to Singidunum (Belgrade).
It was built by the right bank of the river Drava. On the Ptolemaic map dated at the beginning of the 2nd century is
Mariniana, todays Donji Miholjac.
Two centuries later, on the Poitinger plate dated from the year 340, Marinianis is mentioned, i.e. Donji Miholjac.
At first these were military stations around which settlements are later developed.
At the beginnings of the 10th century Hungarians come to the Pannonia valley. Their attempt to cross the
river Drava failed. They were defeated by the Croatian king Tomislav, who after this victory united Posavina-Croatia
and Dalmatian Croatia. Stronger connection between Slavonia and Primorje is felt during the reign of king Zvonimir.
However, soon after his death, during the reign of the Hungarian king Ladislav, Slavonia is placed under the power of
the Hungarians (Arpadovi dynasty).
In order to separate Slavonia from Croatia ecclesiastically, parishes and dioceses are founded, mostly on
Hungarian soil.
The first recording of Donji Miholjac is concerned with the building of the first church in this area. It was built
in the first half of the 11th century and consecrated to St Michael.
In the description of this church, it is noted that it had high walls and towers, and it was surrounded by a deep
ditch. During the 13th century up until the arrival of the Turks, this area belonged to the Teten tribe, and it was tightly
connected with the destiny of the Srednjanski and Hunjadi families. The centre of the manorial estate was in Osuvak
(Osvany or Asvany).
- 1229 Hungarian king Andrija attests the family estate Osuvak to the prince Marcel Pakraki from the Teten
tribe
- 1436 Osuvak manorial estate becomes the property of the Morovi family.
The border line of the Osuvak estate, which also included Donji Miholjac, starts on the bank of the river Drava,
north of Viljevo, and spreads to Valpovo and Naice
- 1536 Turks invade Slavonia
During the time of the Turkish ruling the entire Slavonia was divided into districts and belonged to the Budapest
County. In order to consolidate their power, the Turks build forts in Sveti ura and Podravska Moslavina, and secure
crossings across the river Drava. With the arrival of the Turks a lot of changes occurred, both in the way of life, and in the
religious and national structure of the population.
Numerous settlements which consisted of only few houses rise around the church of St Michael. The more
significant ones were: Maroslavci, Osuvak, Janjevci, uranci, Veselovci, Farkaevci, Palite, etc. Today those are the
names of some of the villages. Big and middle-sized houses were built out of brushwood. There were 30 Turkish houses.
There was a crossing - ferry across Drava, which the Turks leased, but the gain from this lease is not known.
In 1684 the Croatian army, lead by the governor Erddy, and the border men with the general Jakob Leslo,
began the liberation of Slavonia. The weak fort Donji Miholjac surrendered the captain Gao Balog. This was also the end
of the Turkish ruling in Donji Miholjac.

Donji Miholjac

13

 SLAVONIA AS A PART OF THE HABSBURG MONARCHY

After the liberation from the Turks, Slavonia re-entered the Habsburg Monarchy but it was no longer under the
jurisdiction of the Croatian governor and parliament.
The emperor gave away and sold Slavonian manorial estates, mostly to foreigners. This is how big feudal estates
were created in Slavonia.
The land, farming land, old woods and settlements around Valpovo and Donji Miholjac, under the common
name Valpovo manorial estate were given by the emperor Karlo VI on 31st December 1721 to Petar Antun Hilleprand
von Prandau. Petar Hilleprand was succeeded by his son Ignac, who was said to spend money and drink a lot, and that is
why he was called The merry baron. He married Marija, the daughter of Sigmund Pejaevi, the owner of Ruma, Retfala
and Podgora. With this marriage he begins a more serious life: he transforms courts, builds new schools, churches, etc.
Josip had four daughters and two sons, Karlo and Gustav.
After his fathers death, Karlo was given the district of Miholjac and Gustav the district of Valpovo.
Karlo finished the gymnasium in Osijek, he studied law and music, and he also composed music. When he
moved to Donji Miholjac, he often travelled to Pecuh because of his music ambitions. He invented a musical instrument
called F-sharp accordion with which he performed on a concert held in an honour of the death of the emperor Franjo
Josip I. He has composed a march in an honour of the baron and governor Josip Jelai. He was a friend of J. J. Strossmayer.
He died in Vienna in 1865.
Gustav had three daughters: Marija, Alvina and tefanija. After the death of her uncle Karlo, who did not have
an heir, tefanija was given the district of Miholjac. The estate was rich in thick oak woods with a rich hunting-ground,
fertile plough-field and meadows.
In the marriage of uro and tefanija five sons were born: uro, Josip, Geza, Ladislav and Gustav, and two
daughters: Etelka and arlota.
After uros tragic death in 1883 (he was killed for plunder by his servant in Budapest), tefanija, with the help
of her son Ladislav, was in charge of the estate.

Ladislav Mailath was born on 5th of August 1862. Following tefanijas death, her brothers and sisters renounced
the heritage in Ladislavs benefit. In 1905 Ladislav married Ilma, the countess of Sztaray-Hadik. The wedding was held
in Budapest. They had no children, therefore there was no heir. How friendly and close he was to Ferdinand we can see
from the fact that Austro-Hungarian heir to the throne was Ladislavs regular guest, both for hunting and vacation.
Ferdinand was in Donji Miholjac for snipe hunting only three months before his assassination in Sarajevo.
The records also say that Ladislav was the godfather of Ferdinands children.
At that time Donji Miholjac was an important economic and cultural centre of this part of Podravina.

NATURAL HERITAGE
With its preserved traditional landscape architecture, urban way of life and cultural sights, the town of Donji
Miholjac has all preconditions for the development of sustainable tourism based on the rich natural inheritance and
legacy. For now the oldest historical source that tells us about the appearance of the gardens is the cadastral map from
1862 which confirms that it was the landscape garden that was at the top of European landscape creativity of that time.
The gardens are protected as a monument of park architecture since 1961. In the east and north-east the gardens are
turned into the useful gardens. Among those the garden east of the castle stands out with its trapezoid shape and inner
structure. Along the middle of the gardens there were three buildings made for the gardens, which were demolished
before 1885. Description of the gardens made by Adolf Danhelowski confirms this. The gardens were made after 1818,
after the building of the old single-story castle. In the middle and at the end of the 19th century, and probably in the
time of its construction, its surface was 18 acres and 3423,6 square meters. Greenhouse, 57,20 meters long, was built
in 1872 in the north part of the trapezoid garden. It was made of steel; its roof was covered by sheet metal in the north
side and by glass in the south side. It had three compartments: the central one for tropical plants and on each side one
compartment for storing of flowers, which were placed in containers in the gardens. In the compartment for tropical
plants there was a fountain. The octagonal pavilion and three trimmed gardens between the pavilion and the castle
terrace are preserved in the gardens to this day. Among the numerous species of plants there are two groups in the

14

gardens: autochthonous trees and various imported species (exotics) from the time of the construction of the gardens.
Because of its old age and grand appearance pterocarya (Pterocarya faxinifolia) is the most impressionable, and alike
it are swamp cypresses (Taxodium distichum). There are 110 species of trees and bushes in the gardens: 20 species of
conifers, 90 species of foliaceous and 80 species of meadow plants.
Prandau castle was built in 1818 in the late-baroque style. Ana Marija Prandau, born Pejaevi, had the castle
and the gardens built for her son Karlo.

CASTLES AND NOBILITY

Family Prandaus coat of arms
Semicircular shield is squared; in the upper right and lower left black square, turned inward, there is a man in an
armour with a helmet on which there are red ostrich feathers and in his elevated left hand he has got a sword, and his
right hand is placed on his hip; in the upper left and lower right red-black square there is diagonally gold-silver beam
panelled with a tree on which there, are one above the other, three human hands; in the centre of the shield there is a
small shield with a Roman-German imperial eagle with the imperial crown.
The ornament consists of three helmets.
Above the first helmet there is a golden crown on which there is a burning tree.
The crest is gold-blue.
Above the second helmet there is a golden crown with the imperialistic eagle emerging from it.
The crest is blue-gold.
Above the third helmet there is a golden crown with a man in armour emerging from it.
The crest is black-gold.
Rudolf ennobled the people on 17th of December 1579. The knight nobility was given in Vienna on 10th of June
1674, with the enlargement of the coat of arms and addition of de Prandau to the name. The baronage of the roman
state was given in Vienna on 3rd of January 1704 to Petar Antun Hilleprand de Prandau, the owner of the estates in
Valpovo and Miholjac in Slavonia.
Mailath-Tudor castle, English style (architect Istvan Moller)
The Mailath family comes from Erdelj in todays Romania. They were given Hungarian countship in 1885, and they
owned castles Pebernyk Zavar in todays Slovakia and Gordany in Hungary.
Countess Stefanija Mailath von Szekhely, born Baroness Hilleprand von Prandau, layed the foundation stone of
the Miholjac castle in a ceremony held on 30th of May 1903. The building of the castle was finished in 1906. The building
filled with romanticism is considered to be one of the most beautiful castles in Croatia. Its cylindrical towers, numerous
windows, chimneys, spacious terraces and balconies with wrought iron railings are the characteristics of this historicist
style.
The chapel in neo-gothic style is consecrated to the Holy Spirit.
In March of 1914 there was a sermon held in the chapel which Franjo Ferdinand, the heir to the throne, also
attended. Three months later he was assassinated in Sarajevo.

MONUMENTS
The monument for the killed soldiers in Croatian War of Independence, Kreimir Birnbaum, Osijek
The memorial in Matice hrvatske park was unveiled on 27th of September 2002 in memory of all killed soldiers
from the area Donji Miholjac and former local district of Donji Miholjac. At the foot of the monument there are lyrics
written by Antun Nemi:
Glory be to them, glory be to all of them
Who died, like they did.
The monument of Franjo Josip I. Made by the academic sculptor and world-wide known medal maker Robert

Donji Miholjac

15

Frange Mihanovi.
On 20th of August 1905 in Donji Miholjac, in the presence of Croatian governor Teodor Pejaevi, the monument
of the emperor and king Franjo Josip I. was unveiled. The monument was built as a sign of memory of Franjo Josips
visit to Donji Miholjac, 12th 14th of September, during the military training of Austro-Hungarian army. The heir to the
throne Franjo Ferdinand and Rumanian heir to the throne Ferdinand were also here escorting the emperor. The emperor
gave the medals to those who were best in training.
Town of Donji Miholjac and its surrounding area are recognizable for its vast natural beauty and resources. Good
position, interesting plant and animal life, and great number of game, have secured the development of hunting tourism
which encourages the overall economic development.
THE ORGANIZATION OF HUNTING
In the Republic of Croatia, according to the hunting law, hunting-grounds are divided into two kinds:
- Private formed on the ground owned by a corporation or physical person and the hunting-ground formed on
the ground owned by the Republic of Croatia (governor-owned hunting-ground)
- Public formed on the grounds owned by different owners, where it was not possible to form a private huntingground
Hunting club of Osijek-Baranja County was founded in 1995, and with its foundation former hunting clubs
Valpovo, Donji Miholjac, Beli Manastir, Osijek and akovo ceased to exist. Today, hunting club of Osijek-Baranja County,
through its six branches, has 105 members with 3152 hunters and 162 hunting trainees.
Office of the hunting club in Donji Miholjac has 5 hunting-grounds on the area of 22 413 ha. It has 9 associations,
314 hunters, 15 trainees and 23 hunting hounds.

GOLINCI
Golinci is a small village situated not far from Donji Miholjac. Its population is around 500, out of which 370 are
of age and 130 are children.
Near Golinci there is the river Karaica. In 1967 roads were built through the village, in 1978 began the building
of the sidewalk, and it was finished two years later. In 1990 all the roads in the village were paved with asphalt, and in
1992 the village was connected with the neighbouring village Miholjaki Pore. Electricity was installed in 1960, school
was built in 1888, and the church of St. Ivan Glavosijek was built in 1890.
There are several cultural and community clubs in Golinci: Voluntary fire department Golinci, Fishing club Linjak
Golinci, Football club Mladost Golinci and Hunting club Kobac Golinci.
There was once a bridge in the village across the river Karaica, which lead to a small village called Kabalna,
which was also a part of Golinci. It used to have a population of 30, however, during a certain period of time the village
dies out.
Most of the population in Golinci works in agriculture, so at the moment several crafts exist there, such as
vegetable production of the PZ-Matijevi Company, Veligaj goat cheese production and mushroom production of the
family Lovoevi.

MIHOLJAKI PORE
Miholjaki Pore is situated on the right bank of the river Karaica, and it is one of the villages situated at the
lower Karaica. Karaica was once a busy river; it was the main artery of medieval economics of the area of Donji Miholjac
and Valpovo. Todays Miholjaki Pore was founded in the middle of the 18th century by the settling of the people from
the hamlets near Karaica, who replaced their old houses built in the seventh century (and perhaps earlier) with the
houses and outhouses. The arrangement of these was determined by the empress and queen Marija Terezija. okci,
Croatian population from Bosnia, also settled in Miholjaki Pore.

16

 Population of Miholjaki Pore traditionally breed cattle and grow cultivated plants, unfortunately not for the
market but for their own needs. They have always caught fish, turtles and mammals that live in the water and near the
water, and also river shells which were their basic food. They are famous for selling them in the markets of Donji Miholjac,
Valpovo, and even Osijek.

PODGAJCI PODRAVSKI
The village got its name after the word gaj, which denotes a clump of trees or grove. Archaeologist Josip
Brunmid (Vinkovci, 10.II.1858 Zagreb, 29.X.1929) tried, following the notes he could have at that time, using money to
reconstruct prehistoric trading roads in the last two centuries B.C., and he concluded that the greatest number of sites
where he found money were by the river Dunav, from Zemun to Dalj, and by the river Drava from Osijek to Podgajci
Podravski.
From the book upa Podravci Podgajski by Antun Devi Frok Zefiq

RAKITOVICA
Village Rakitovica is first mentioned six hundred years ago, in the 14th century. Oral tradition and remains
of former housings show that there was a village near the river Karaica, on the Rudina area, named Staro Selo. It is
interesting to mention that on the north side of the village, along todays road to Donji Miholjac, there used to be an old
oak tree. Old villagers still remember it as a fairy oak. It was famous for its old age, but furthermore for its fairy powers.
People believed and told stories about its great power, for it was the centre of all fairies and witches from Ajntajn (a hill
in Hungary) to Papuk. It is known for ghosts, fires, phantoms, and all that, according to the villagers opinions, caused the
damages nearby.

First church in Rakitovica was built in 1798. It is the church of St. Jacob the apostle. It is restored and set up as a
branch of the Donji Miholjac parish.
Cultural club in Rakitovica was founded in 1929. The founders of the culture club were the village teacher, after
whom one street is named, street Venoseva, and Josip okli who gave the name to the culture club.
From the book Kulturno umjetniko drutvo Josip oki-Rakitovica by Marija Rattinger

RADIKOVCI
Hungarian palatin Rado or Radovan spread his power in the 11th century to Slavonia near Drava and it seems
that he named this village. Radikovci became an independent parish with branches Pore and Golinci in 1789. In 1738
they had a wooden church of St. Ana. Parish house in Radikovci was built in 1834.
From the book Povijest katolikih upa by Josip Brsztle

SVETI URA
The village and parish Sveti ura got its name after the holy protector of the church and parish St. Juraj the
martyr, whose name was read ura in Slavonia. In documents written in Latin, Italian, Hungarian and Croatian in front
of the name of the village and parish Sveti ura always stands the adjective saint (Sanctus Georgius, San Giorgio,
Szent Gyrgy, Sveti ura)
Village Sveti ura is situated in Podravina area in Slavonia, in Osijek-Baranja County, east of Donji Miholjac, by
the river Drava.

Donji Miholjac

17

THE ECONOMY OF DONJI MIHOLJAC

The economy of Donji Miholjac has always developed on the basis of natural resources of this area. Tracing the
development of this areas economy, we can ascertain that this area has always rested on the two remarkable natural
resources: agricultural ground and the woods. The beginning of the organized market production lies in the Miholjac
estate of the 19th century. Agricultural products, their processing and marketing are the basis of development of that
time. The woods were completely used in the nearby industrial places urenovac and Belie. Family Mailatah estate
produced various products, some of which were consumed on the emperors table. These are: butter, vinegar, rum and
cognac with the emblem of the Mailath family.
The building of the bridge on the river Drava and the castle in Donji Miholjac brought to these area different
craftsmen from the entire empire, and also from Italy. Their coming to this area gave a strong boost to the development
of crafts and the entire economy, which turned Donji Miholjac into a centre of economy, culture, education, as well as a
judicial and administrative centre.
The period after the First World War is a period of breaking centuries-long ties with the northern neighbours.
The plans of economic development and traffic communication were not realized within Austro-Hungarian Empire,
which put Donji Miholjac under the military surveillance of the new government.
Up until 1972 and the discovery of oil in these parts, the social and economic life of Donji Miholjac stagnated.
The first real industrial development in this area happened in the 1970s after the discovery of oil and natural gas in the
richest oil fields in Benianci. The usage of the tax fees for the exploitation of these fields enabled development of the
modern industrial facilities.
The economy is also agriculturally-based. Industrial development of this area is closely tied to large industrial
facilities such as Borovo, IPK Osijek, Analit and DIK urenovac. In the last ten years most of these facilities have shut
down, and in this way caused the decline in the area of Donji Miholjac as well.
At the turn of the century these circumstances demanded setting new development goals and measures that
would lead to these goals, and these are the answers to the following questions:
- How to boost employment, given that the unemployment rate was as high as 27%
- How to boost opening and development of new trades and companies
- How to create required conditions in order to increase export from 12 million to 50 million in five years
- How to attract domestic and foreign investments to this area, especially in the greenfield investments and in
that way encourage investment in new technologies
- How to increase the budget and ensure a better social standard of all the citizens
The means that should enable the realization of these goals is the building of the Industrial zone Janjevci, as a
place in which the investors will be provided with the whole infrastructure, which would result in the acceleration of the
economic development.

18

 The goals were quite easy to define, but there were a lot of doubts concerning the choice of the correct
measures. The experiences of many industrial zones have shown that even though the infrastructure and the equipment
were ensured, there were no investors.
The Miholjac entrepreneurial centre designed the Project for investment dynamics in the Janjevci Industrial zone.
It has been established that the main factors in its realization are: people, infrastructure and a positive attitude towards
the investors.
The city chose to use the zone for building industrial facilities. Bearing in mind the natural resources, it has set
target industries: food industry, wood-processing industry, metal and chemical industry.
Today the industrial zone Janjevci is the most dynamic building site in Slavonia. The building of facilities for
food and metal-processing industry is in process, while preparations are being made for the wood-processing and
chemical industry facilities.
As far as food industry is concerned, there are manufacturing facilities of the Kanaan Company for potato
processing and the Plodovi zemlje Matijevi Company. This company deals in production, processing and packaging
of fresh vegetables for the big domestic and foreign consumer chains, and provide Konzum with fresh vegetables. The
food industry development is based on the development of the basic agricultural production. During the last five years
Donji Miholjac is becoming a centre of vegetable production in Slavonia, and its products can be found on the shelves
of many consumer chains throughout Croatia.
When it comes to metal industry, there are: the factory of wood stoves owned by the Limex company, the
facility for metal-processing owned by the Brumar trade, the facility for trailers production by the BMV-Metal company,
Metal servis, which produces parts for agricultural machines, servis of the Autoeuropa company for servicing sugarbeet harvester, working as a licensed servicer of the Holmer company, factory of the foreign company Euro-grupa for
processing wood and production of parquet floors. Within the facilities of the Entrepreneur incubator Osvit in Donji
Miholjac, two companies which deal in processing plastics and polyester are preparing to invest into the Janjevci
industrial zone.
The total of the direct investments which will be invested in the fore-mentioned facilities will amount to around
300 million kn. According to the anticipations of the investors, these factories will employ between 350 and 500 workers.
The results are already visible in the decreasing rate of unemployment, which is now 19%.
We are especially pleased with the fact that new modern technologies and machines are part of this
production.
This fast-growing zone demands a new race with time and new investors. The Janjevci Industrial zone is
continuing to grow, to ensure that the new building parcels will be ready for new investors this fall. The interest of new
investors has grown, which can be seen through daily contacts with domestic and foreign entrepreneurs.
The basic motto is still: Focusing on the needs of the investors, not on our own needs. The interest of new
possible investors who contacted us shows us that we are on the right path to create a successful story that will provide
new possibilities for the development of the region of Donji Miholjac. The results of the business done in the food
industry, which finds its raw materials in Slavonia, show that, these kinds of investment are justified. The surprising
fact is that there are entrepreneurs who are willing to invest in new manufactures and to rely on the possibilities of
the domestic raw material markets and at the same time cut through the obstacles towards foreign markets. The good
news is that a large number of investors have already sold their manufactures to the foreign market. The goal to increase
export to 50 million on the foreign market is becoming more possible.
Today the economy on the Donji Miholjac area employs around 4 000 workers. That number is almost equal to
the number of work active population. Unfortunately, the development of neighbouring districts does not follow the
development of Donji Miholjac, so Donji Miholjac is the actual economical centre of its sub-region.
VALENT POSLON, the manager of Miholjac entrepreneur centre

Donji Miholjac

19

Donji
Miholjac
20

I Panorama Grada I

Donji Miholjac

21

I Dvorac Mailath I

22

Donji Miholjac

23

I Ruinjak uz dvorac I

24

I Detalj kovane eljezne ograde dvorca I

I Detalj kovane eljezne ograde dvorca I

Donji Miholjac

25

I Slika iz dvorca: ulje na platnu Zoltana Veresa, motiv lova I

26

I Vitraj u kapelici dvorca posveenoj Duhu Svetom I

Donji Miholjac

27

28

I Dvorci Prandau i Mailath I

Donji Miholjac

29

30

I Paviljon u Perivoju oko dvoraca I

Donji Miholjac

31

I Perivoj I

32

I Perivoj - trim staza I

Donji Miholjac

33

I Livadno bilje perivoja Allium Ursinum - Medvjei luk I

34

Donji Miholjac

35

I Livadno bilje perivoja Eranthis Hymealis - Titra ozimica I

36

I Hrast lunjak Quercus Robur ispred dvorca I

Donji Miholjac

37

I Crveni divlji grmoliki kesten I

38

Donji Miholjac

39

I Glazbeni paviljon u Parku Matice Hrvatske I

40

Donji Miholjac

41

I Spomenik caru Franji

Josipu I., rad kipara i

medaljara Roberta Frangea
Mihanovia I

42

I Spomenik poginulim braniteljima Domovinskog rata autora Kreimira Birnbauma I

Donji Miholjac

43

I Arteki bunar na Trgu Ante Starevia I

44

I August Harambai, hrvatski pjesnik roen u Donjem Miholjcu I

Donji Miholjac

45

46

I upna crkva sv. Mihaela I

Donji Miholjac

47

I Oltar s oltarnom palom sv. Mihaela arhanela, rad slikarice Marije Schoffman I

48

I Stropna slikarija: Isus s uenicima u Emausu I

Donji Miholjac

49

I upna crkva sv. Mihaela I

50

I Bronani reljef: Prikaz sv. Trojstva, dar su apotekara pl. Reisnera I

I Orgulje u crkvi sv. Mihaela dar su vlastelinstva Prandau I

Donji Miholjac

51

I Panorama ribnjaka I

52

Donji Miholjac

53

I Izlov ribe u studenom I

54

Donji Miholjac

55

I Ribarske mree i meredov I

56

Donji Miholjac

57

I Pejza ribnjaka I

58

Donji Miholjac

59

60

I Pejza ribnjaka I

Donji Miholjac

61

I Miholjaki bal I

62

Donji Miholjac

63

I Miholjako sijelo, najvea kulturna manifestacija grada Donjeg Miholjca I

64

I Kobasicijada ocjenjivanje kvalitete kobasica I

Donji Miholjac

65

66

I Tamburai sa sjela I

Donji Miholjac

67

I Ljeto na Dravi I

68

Donji Miholjac

69

I Ljeto na Dravi I

70

I Provoz rijekom Dravom, Koreny I

Donji Miholjac

71

72

I Fiijada, gradsko natjecanje u kuhanju fi-paprikaa I

Donji Miholjac

73

I Meunarodni susret motociklista I

74

Donji Miholjac

75

76

I Biciklistika utrka: Tour de Slavonia I

Donji Miholjac

77

78

I Lovni potencijali I

Donji Miholjac

79

I LD Vidra Donji Miholjac I

80

Donji Miholjac

81

I Sportski ribolov na Staroj Dravi I

82

I Izletite Stara Drava I

Donji Miholjac

83

I Drava I

84

Donji Miholjac

85

I Most na rijeci Dravi, Donji Miholjac - Dravaszabolcs I

86

Donji Miholjac

87

Golinci
88

I Crkva sv. Ivana Glavosjeka I

Donji Miholjac

89

I Most na ribnjaku RD Linjak I

90

I Polje kupusa I

Donji Miholjac

I Kri u polju I

91

Miholjaki
Pore
92

I Crkva sv. Marije Magdalene I

Donji Miholjac

93

I Rasadnik rua Mili I

94

I Rijeka Karaica I

Donji Miholjac

95

Podgajci
Podravski
96

Donji Miholjac

97

I Crkva sv. Martina I

I Drveni most na Staroj Dravi I

98

I Kulturna manifestacija Susret naroda i kultura I

Donji Miholjac

99

Radikovci
100

I Panorama: Radikovci s crkvom sv. Ane I

Donji Miholjac

101

I Spomen obiljeje manifestacije Prakijada I

102

I Ciglana u Radikovcima I

Donji Miholjac

103

Rakitovica
104

Donji Miholjac

105

I Crkva sv. Jakoba I

106

I Zlatna berba, kulturna manifestacija I

Donji Miholjac

107

Sveti
ura
108

I Panorama: Sveti ura s crkvom sv. Jurja I

Donji Miholjac

109

I KUD Franjo Ebling I

110

I PZ Matijevi I

Gospodarstvo

Donji Miholjac

111

I Novi itar d.o.o. - miholjaki silosi I

112

Donji Miholjac

113

I Limex d.o.o. I

114

I Krnjak d.o.o. I

Donji Miholjac

115

Foto: Sinia Drakuli

I Hotel Slavona I
I Industrijska zona I

116

I Hotel Borik I
I Fami d.o.o. I

Donji Miholjac

117

118

I INA d.d. Naftaplin I

Donji Miholjac

119

recenzija

Melia Vidakovi a osobito Stjepan Wershansky nisu nepoznati u Slavoniji i Baranji. Njihov rad zrcali se na polju politike,
kulture i turizma, a osobito medija, i vezan je za mikrozajednice, gradove i opine pa i manja mjesta te nacionalne zajednice.
Stoga ne udi da su se tako iskusni prihvatili zahtjevna posla, izrade fotomonografije Donjega Miholjca.
Rukopis, neveliki, svega desetak kartica teksta, precizno prati izvrsne fotografije Donjega Miholjca i okolice. Autori su
u tekstu saeli bitne podatke o prolosti Donjega Miholjca i okolice te podsjeaju na bogatstvo tradicije donjomiholjakoga
kraja, ali i prirodne ljepote ove mikroregije.
Majstorske fotografije prikazuju sadanjost Donjega Miholjca i okolice, osobito onu sadanjost koja je duboko proeta
tradicijom. Mislim da su uhvatile posljednji odsjaj tradicije. Te sjajne (ciljane) fotografije i precizan (promiljen) tekst ine
simbiozu kojoj je teko odoljeti.
U fotomonografiji autorskoga tima nema novih spoznaja, nema iznesenih smjelih hipoteza po kojem e itatelj pamtiti
knjigu ova knjiga nee izazvati kontraverze; ona je blago konzervativna, pitoma i, neka mi se ne zamjeri, njena.
Zdenko Samarija, prof.

zahvaljujemo se
Osjeko-baranjska upanija

Limex d.o.o.

Grad Donji Miholjac

Novi itar d.o.o.

Turistika zajednica Osjeko-baranjske upanije

Ribnjak d.o.o.

Turistika zajednica Grada Donjeg Miholjca

Krnjak d.o.o.

INA d.d. Naftaplin

Fami d.o.o.

PZ Matijevi

Kanaan d.o.o.

9 789537 630027