No

Date

Concentration

10/12/2016

11/12/2016

12/12/2016

13/12/2016

14/12/2016

15/12/2016

16/12/2016

0
10
50
0
10
50
0
10
50
0
10
50
0
10
50
0
10
50
0
10
50

Paper
weight
1,41
1,31
1,42
1,37
1,39
1,38
1,37
1,31
1,4
1,37
1,4
1,42
1,37
1,39
1,41
1,42
1,4
1,41
1,38
1,37
1,34

Oven weight

Total Weight

1,45
1,4
1,51
1,4
1,39
1,39
1,39
1,35
1,44
1,44
1,49
1,51
1,42
1,44
1,47
1,43
1,49
1,45
1,45
1,42
1,39

0,04
0,09
0,09
0,03
0
0,01
0,02
0,04
0,04
0,07
0,09
0,09
0,05
0,05
0,06
0,01
0,09
0,04
0,07
0,05
0,05

Tabel 1. Data results wet and dry weight Rhizopus sp

Growth Curve of Rhizopus sp

Weight

0.1
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
Hari 1

Hari 2

Hari 3

Hari 4

Hari 5

Hari 6

Hari 7

Day
0 ppm

10 ppm

50 ppm

Bas
ed on the data in table 1 can be made the growth curve of Rhizopus sp as follows:

Figure 1. The Growth Curve of Rhizopus sp

Figure 2. The Growth Curve of Rhizopus sp (Ismail, 2011)

Based on the curve above, there is a difference the growth of Rhizopus sp at
concentrations of 0 ppm, 10 ppm and 50 ppm. The growth of Rhizopus sp. is divided into
several phases i.e. phase lag, log, stationary, and death. The growth curve has several phases
(Gandjar, 2006) include:
1. Lag Phase, a phase adjustment of the cells with the environment, the formation of the
enzymes to break down the substrate (Moore-Landecker, 1996).
2. phases of the start-up phase, that is the acceleration of the cells divide and the lag phase
into a phase of active (Gandjar, 2006).
3. exponential phase, that is the phase of multiplication is the number of cells that are very
much, the activity of cells is increasing, and this phase is an important phase in the life of
fungi. At the beginning of this phase we can harvest the enzymes and by the end of this phase
(Gandjar, 2006).
4. deselerasi phase, that is the time of the cells began to divide less active, we can harvest the
cells or biomass compounds that are no longer needed by the cells (Moore-Landecker, 1996).
5. stationary phase, namely phase increased cell number and dead cell number is relatively
balanced. The curves on this phase is a straight line horizontally. Many compounds are
secondary metabolites can be harvested in the stationary phase (Moore-Landecker, 1996).
6. accelerated death phase, the number of cells that are dead or inactive altogether more than
cells that are alive (Moore-Landecker, 1996).
In the concentration of Pb 0 ppm, the lag phase of Rhizopus SP. occurred on day 3 to
day 4. The log phase occurs on day 4 to 5. However, it can be seen on the graph of the
decline. This can be caused because of possible inaccuracies at the moment of going of
filtering and weighing. At a concentration of Pb 0 ppm there is no stationary phase. Phase of
death occurs on the day 5 to 6. At concentrations Pb of 10 ppm, the lag phase of Rhizopus SP.

occurred on day 4 to 5. The log phase occurs on day 5 to day 7. At concentrations of Pb 10

ppm are not stationary phase and the phase of death. Pb at concentrations of 50 ppm, the lag
phase of Rhizopus sp. occurred on day 3 to 4. Extended log phase occurs on day 4 to day 6.
Stationer phase occurs on day 6 to day 7. On the concentration of Pb 0 ppm of Rhizopus sp.
is not experiencing a phase of death. Based on the growth curve of Rhizopus sp. can be seen
that the highest growth at 0 ppm Pb concentration of means on a medium no addition of Pb.
Added Pb to the medium at the highest level considerably reduced the size of fungal
colonies, but the same medium at the concentration 10 times higher than the mean ones, did
not limit fungal growth significantly (Tkaczuk, 2005). Lead has been reported not to have any
known functions in human biochemistry or physiology, and do not occur naturally in living
organism hance dietary intakes of these metals, even at very concentration can be very
harmful because they bioaccumulate lead is the most significant toxic of the heavy metals and
the in organic forms are absorb throw ingestion by food and water, and inhalation (Duruibe et
all, 2007).
There are factors that affect the growth of fungi, among others:
1. Substrate
The substrate is the main source of nutrient for fungi. New nutrient-nutrient can be
utilized after the excretion of fungi extracellular enzymes that can break down complex
compounds from the substrate into compounds that are more simple. The substrate on
medium potato because it is using a medium PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) (Gandjar,
2006).
2. Humidity
This factor is very important to the growth of fungi. In general, most fungi low level such
as Mucor or Rhizopus requires an environment with relational humidity 90% (Gandjar,
2006).
Daftar pustaka
Moore-Landecker, M.E. (1996), Fundamentals of the fongi, Fourth edition, PrenticeHall, Inc.,
New Jersey.
Gandjar, I, dkk. 2006.
Indonesia.

Mikologi Dasar

dan Terapan. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor

Ismail, ade., Agung K., Dedi Ruswandi., Farida Damayanti., Hawan Mughni r., Noladhi
Wicaksana., Suseno Amien., Whindhy Chandria. 2011. Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Genetik
(SDG) Lokal Mendukung Industri Perbenihan Nasional Dalam Rangka Purna Bakti Staff
Pengajar Pemuliaan Tanaman UNPAD dan Kongres PERIPI Komda Jabar. Bandung:
Universitas Padjajaran
Tkaczuk, C. The Effect of Selected Heavy Metals Ions on The Growth and Conidial
Germination of The Aphid Pathogenic Fungus Pandora neoaphidis (Remaudiere et Hennbert)
Humber. Polish Journal of Enviromental Studies 14 (6) : 897-902 (2005).
Duruibe, J, O., Ogwuegbu, M, O, C, Egwurugwu, J, N. Heavy Metal Pollution And Human
Biotoxic Effects. International Journal of Physical Sciences 2 (5) : 112-118 (2007)