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Application of Hankel Transform For Solving A Fracture Problem of A Cracked Piezoelectric Strip Under Thermal Loading
Application of Hankel Transform For Solving A Fracture Problem of A Cracked Piezoelectric Strip Under Thermal Loading
Application of Hankel Transform For Solving A Fracture Problem of A Cracked Piezoelectric Strip Under Thermal Loading
H [ f (r )] F (s ) = rJ (sr ) f (r )dr
f ( r ) = sJ (sr )F (s )ds
H 2 +
r dr r 2
dr
f = s 2 F (s )
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208
piezoelectric as sensors and actuators in intelligent systems, several researches on piezothermo-elastic behavior have been reported (Tauchert, 1992).
Moreover a better understanding of the mechanics of fracture in piezoelectric materials
under thermal load conditions is needed for the requirements of reliability and lifetime of
these systems. Using the Fourier transform, the present author studied the thermally
induced fracture of a piezoelectric strip with a two-dimensional crack (Ueda, 2006a, 2006b).
Here the mixed-mode thermo-electro-mechanical fracture problem for a piezoelectric
material strip with a penny-shaped crack is considered. It is assumed that the strip is under
the thermal loading. The crack faces are supposed to be insulated thermally and electrically.
By using the Hankel transform (Sneddon & Lowengrub, 1969), the thermal and electromechanical problems are reduced to a singular integral equation and a system of singular
integral equations (Erdogan & Wu, 1996), respectively, which are solved numerically (Sih,
1972). Numerical calculations are carried out, and detailed results are presented to illustrate
the influence of the crack size and the crack location on the stress and electric displacement
intensity factors. The temperature, stress and electric displacement distributions are also
presented.
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209
uri
u
u
u
u
i = c 12 ri + c11 ri + c13 zi + e31 i 11Ti ,
r
z
z
r
( i = 1, 2)
uri
uzi
i
uri
zzi = c13
+ c13
+ c 33
+ e33
33Ti ,
r
z
z
r
i
uzi uri
zri = c 44
+
+ e15
z
r
rri = c11
(1)
where Ti ( r , z) is the temperature, i ( r , z) is the electric potential, uri ( r , z ) , uzi (r , z) are the
displacement components, rri (r , z) , i (r , z) , zzi (r , z) , zri (r , z) (i = 1, 2) are the stress
components. The subscript i = 1, 2 denotes the thermo-electro-elastic fields in 0 z h1 and
h2 z 0 , respectively. For the electric field, the constitutive relations are
u
Dri = e15 zi + ri 11 i ,
z
r
r
(i = 1, 2)
u
u
u
(2)
2Ti
2
r
1 Ti 2Ti
= 0 (i = 1, 2)
+
r r z2
2u 1 uri uri
2u
2u
2
T
c11 2ri +
2 + c44 2ri + ( c13 + c44 ) zi + ( e31 + e15 ) i = 11 i ,
r r
rz
rz
r
z
r
r
2u 1 uzi
2u 1 uri
2 1 i
2u
2
c44 2zi +
+ c33 2zi + ( c13 + c44 ) ri +
+ e15 2i +
+ e33 2i
r r
r r
z
z
r
rz r z
r
2u 1 uzi
2u 1 uri
2 1 i
2u
2
e15 2zi +
+ e33 2zi + ( e15 + e31 ) ri +
11 2i +
33 2i
r r
r r
z
z
r
rz r z
r
where 2 = r / z .
(3)
Ti
= 33
,
(4)
z (i = 1, 2)
Ti
= pz
z
T1 (r , 0) = 0
(0 r < c )
z
T1 (r , 0) = T2 ( r, 0) (c r < )
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(5)
210
T1 (r , h1 ) = T10 ,
T2 (r, h2 ) = T20
(6)
(0 r < c )
zz1 ( r , 0) = 0
uz 1 (r , 0) = uz 2 (r , 0) (c r < )
zr 1 (r , 0) = 0
(0 r < c )
ur 1 (r , 0) = ur 2 ( r , 0) (c r < )
Dz 1 (r , 0) = 0
(0 r < c )
1 (r, 0) = 2 (r , 0) (c r < )
zr 1 (r , 0) = zr 2 (r , 0), zr 1 (r , h1 ) = 0, zr 2 (r , h2 ) = 0, (0 r < )
Dz1 (r , 0) = Dz 2 (r , 0),
Dz1 (r , h1 ) = 0,
Dz 2 (r , h2 ) = 0
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
3. Temperature field
For the problem considered here, it is convenient to represent the temperature as the sum of
two functions.
Ti ( r , z) = T (1) ( z) + Ti(2) ( r , z) ( i = 1, 2)
(11)
(12)
T (1) ( h1 ) = T10 ,
T (1) ( h2 ) = T20
(13)
r r
z2
r
(2)
d
(c r < )
T1(2) ( r, 0) = T2(2) (r , 0)
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(14)
(15)
211
T1(2) (r , h1 ) = 0,
(2)
(2)
T1 (r , 0) = T2 (r , 0), (0 r < )
z
z
T2(2) (r , h2 ) = 0
(16)
1
{(T10 T20 ) z + T10 h2 + T20 h1}
h1 + h2
(17)
By applying the Hankel transform to Eq.(14) (Sneddon & Lowengrub, 1969), we have
j =1
(18)
where Dij ( s) (i, j = 1, 2) are unknown functions to be solved and ij (i, j = 1, 2) are given by
11 = 22 = ,
12 = 21 =
(19)
Taking the second boundary condition (15) into consideration, the problem may be reduced
to a singular integral equation by defining the following new unknown function G0 (r )
(Erdogan & Wu, 1996):
(2)
T (r , 0) T2(2) (r , 0)
G0 (r ) = r 1
(0 r < c )
(c r < )
(20)
Making use of the first boundary condition (15) with Eqs.(16), we have the following
singular integral equation for the determination of the unknown function G0 (t ) :
0t {M0
c
(1)
2 T10 T20
h1 + h2
(0 r < c )
(21)
In Eq.(21), the kernel functions M0(1) (t, r ) and M0(2) (t, r ) are given by
2 1
r
E
(r < t ),
2
2
t r t
M0(1) (t, r ) =
r
t
t
2
1
E
K
r
t
(
)
+
>
t(t 2 r 2 ) r rt r
2 ( s ) 2 ( s )
M0(2) (t, r ) = s 1
+ 1 J 0 ( sr ) J 1 (st )ds
0
0 (s )
(22)
(23)
where K and E are complete elliptic integrals of the first and second kind, and
k (s) ( k = 0, 1, 2) are given by
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212
(24)
Once G0 (t ) is obtained from Eq.(21), the temperature field can be easily calculated as
follows:
Ti(2) ( r, z) = Tij(2) (r , z) (i = 1, 2)
2
j =1
where
(25)
(26)
with
R0 (s ) = tG0 (t ) J 1 (st )dt ,
c
2 (s)
,
0 (s )
(s)
R21 (s ) = 1 ,
0 (s)
0
R11 (s ) =
(s )
R12 (s ) = 2 exp( 2s h1 ),
0 ( s )
1 (s )
exp( 2 s h2 )
R22 (s ) =
0 (s)
(27)
Ti(2) (r , 0) =
( 1)i
2
( 1)i
G0 (t )dt + Rij (s)
R0 (s ) J 0 ( sr )ds (i = 1, 2)
0
2
j = 1
(28)
uzi (r , z) = u(1)
zi ( r , z ) + uzi ( r , z ),
i (r , z) = i(1) ( r, z) + i(2) (r , z)
(29)
(1)
(1)
where u(1)
zi ( r , z ) , uri ( r , z ) , i ( r , z ) ( i = 1, 2) are the particular solutions of Eqs.(4) replaced
(2)
(2)
Ti by Ti , and uzi (r , z) , uri(2) (r , z) , i(2) (r , z) (i = 1, 2) are the general solutions of
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213
(1)
zri
Rij (s )R0 (s ) J 1 (sr )exp(s ij z)ds ,
(r, z) = p(1)
2
ij
0
j =1
(1)
(1)
Dzi (r, z) = p3ij Rij ( s)R0 (s) J 0 ( sr )exp(s ij z)ds ,
0
j =1
(i = 1, 2)
2
1 ( 1)
(1)
uzi ( r , z) =
p4 ij Rij (s )R0 (s ) J 0 (sr )exp(s ij z)ds ,
0 s
j =1
1 (1)
(1)
uri (r , z) =
p R (s )R0 (s ) J 1 (sr )exp(s ij z)ds ,
0 s 5 ij ij
j =1
2
1
i(1) (r , z) = p6(1)ij Rij (s)R0 (s) J 0 (sr )exp(s ij z)ds
0 s
j =1
j =1
(30)
(2)
zri
Aij (s ) J 1 (sr )exp(s ij z )ds ,
( r , z) = sp2(2)
ij
0
j =1
(2)
(2)
Dzi (r , z) = sp3 ij Aij (s ) J 0 (sr )exp(s ij z )ds ,
0
j =1
(i = 1, 2)
6
(2)
u(2)
zi ( r , z ) = 0 p4 ij Aij ( s ) J 0 ( sr ) exp( s ij z )ds ,
j =1
(2)
(2)
uri (r , z) = p5ij Aij (s ) J 1 (sr )exp(s ij z )ds ,
0
j =1
0
j =1
j =1
(31)
where Aij (s ) (i = 1, 2, j = 1, 2,..., 6) are the unknown functions to be solved, and the constants
ij and p(2)
kij ( i = 1, 2, j, k = 1, 2,..., 6) are given in Appendix B.
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214
Similar to the temperature analysis, the problem may be reduced to a system of singular
integral equations by taking the second boundary conditions (7)-(9) into consideration and
by defining the following new unknown functions Gl (r ) ( l = 1, 2, 3) :
(2)
u (r , 0) u(2)
z 2 ( r , 0)
G1 (r ) = r z1
0
(0 r < c )
(c r < )
1 (2)
u (r , 0) ur(2)
r
2 ( r , 0) (0 r < c )
G2 (r ) = r r r 1
0
(
)
<
c
r
(2)
(r , 0) 2(2) ( r, 0)
G3 (r ) = r 1
0
(0 r < c )
(c r < )
(32)
(33)
(34)
Making use of the first boundary conditions (7)-(9) with Eqs.(10), we have the following
system of singular integral equations for the determination of the unknown functions
Gl (t ) (l = 1, 2, 3) :
0 t[{Z11 M0
c
(1)
}
(t, r )} G (t )]dt =
Z13
M0(1) (t, r ) +
M13
zz 0 ( r )
(1)
(t, r ) + M 22 (t, r ) G2 (t ) +
0 t[{Z31 M0
c
(1)
}
(t, r )} G (t )]dt = D
Z33
M0(1) (t, r ) +
(0 r < c )
M1(1) (t, r ) ,
M 33
z 0 ( r ) (0 r < c )
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{Z
{Z
{Z
{Z
(36)
(37)
2
4 r
r 2 t
r
r
K (r < t ),
E
K E +
2
2
t rt t r t
t
rt t
M1(1) (t, r ) =
4 t
t 2 1
t
+
>
(
)
K
E
E
r
t
2
2
2
r
r
r
t
t
r
s
0
s
M kl (t, r ) = 0
s
0
0 s
(35)
kl ( s ) Zkl
kl ( s ) Zkl
kl ( s ) Zkl
kl ( s ) Zkl
( k = 1, 3, l = 1, 3),
( k = 1, 3, l = 2),
( k = 2, l = 1, 3),
( k = 2, l = 2)
(38)
(39)
215
Zkl (s ) = p(2)
k 1 j d1 jl ( s ), Zkl = lim Zkl ( s ) ( k, l = 1, 2, 3)
6
j =1
(40)
The functions zz 0 (r ) , zr 0 (r ) and Dz0 (r ) , which correspond to the stress and electric
displacement components induced by the disturbed temperature field Ti(2) ( r , z) (i = 1, 2) on
the r -axis in the plate without crack, are obtained as follows:
(2) T
(1)
zz0 (r ) = R0 (s ) p11
j d1 j ( s ) + p11 j R1 j ( s ) J 0 ( sr )ds ,
j =1
j = 1
2
6 (2) T
(1)
zr 0 (r ) = R0 ( s) p21 j d1 j (s) + p21 j R1 j (s) J 1 (sr )ds ,
0
j =1
j = 1
6
2
(2) T
(1)
Dz 0 (r ) = R0 (s ) p31 j d1 j ( s ) p31 j R1 j (s ) J 0 (sr )ds
0
j =1
j = 1
(41)
where the functions d1Tj (s ) ( j = 1, 2,..., 6) are also given in Appendix C. These components
are superficial quantities and have no physical meaning in this analysis. However, they are
equivalent to the crack face tractions in solving the crack problem by a proper
superposition.
To solve the singular integral equations (21) and (35)- (37) by using the Gauss-Jacobi
integration formula (Sih, 1972), we introduce the following functions l (t ) (l = 0, 1, 2, 3) :
c+t
Gl (t ) =
l (t ) ( l = 0, 1, 2, 3)
c t
1/ 2
(42)
Then the stress intensity factors K I , K II and the electric displacement intensity factor K D
may be defined and evaluated as:
1 (c ) + Z13
3 (c ) ,
K I = lim+ {2 (c r )} 1 / 2 zz1 (r , 0) = ( c )1 / 2 Z11
r c
2 (c ),
K II = lim+ {2 (c r )} 1 / 2 zr 1 (r , 0) = ( c )1 / 2 Z22
r c
1 (c ) + Z33
3 (c )
K D = lim+ {2 (c r )} 1 / 2 Dz1 (r , 0) = ( c )1 / 2 Z31
r c
(43)
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216
location h1 / h on the stress and electric displacement intensity factors, the solutions of the
system of the singular integral equations have been computed numerically.
c13 = 39.3 10 [N / m 2 ],
c 33 = 83.6 10 9 [N / m 2 ],
c 44 = 13.2 109 [N / m 2 ],
e31 = 0.16[C / m 2 ],
e33 = 0.347[ C / m 2 ],
2
e15 = 0.138[C / m ],
pz = 2.94 10 6 [CK 1m 2 ].
(44)
In the first set of calculations, we consider the temperature field and the electro-elastic fields
without crack. Figure 2 shows the normalized temperature (Ti ( x ) T20 ) / T0 (i = 1, 2) on the
crack faces (0 r < c, z 0 ) and the crack extended line (c r 2c, z = 0) for h1 / h = 0.25
and c / h = 0.5 , where T0 = T10 T20 . The maximum local temperature difference across the
crack occurs at the center of the crack.
Figure 3 exhibits the normalized stress components ( zz0 (r ), zr 0 (r )) / 33T0 and the electric
displacement component Dz 0 (r ) / pzT0 on the r -axis in the strip without crack due to the
temperature shown in Figure 2. The maximum absolute values of zz 0 (r ) and Dz 0 (r ) occur
at the center of the crack (r / c = 0.0) , whereas the maximum value of zr 0 (r ) occurs at the
crack tip (r / c = 1.0) .
1
(Ti-T20)/T0
0.8
0.6
h1/h=0.25
c/h=0.5
0.4
: i=1 (z0+)
-
: i=2 (z0 )
0.2
1
r/c
Fig. 2. The temperature on the crack faces and the crack extended line for c / h = 0.5 and
h1 / h = 0.25
In the second set of calculations, we study the influence of the crack size on the stress and
electric displacement intensity factors. Figures 4(a)-(c) show the plots of the normalized
stress and electric displacement intensity factors (K I , K II ) / 33T0 ( c )1 / 2 , K D / pzT0 ( c )1 / 2
versus c / h for h1 / h = 0.25 , 0.5 and 0.75. Because of symmetry, the values of K I and K D
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217
0.01
h1/h=0.25
Dz0
(zz0, zr0)/33T0
c/h=0.5
0.04
-0.01
-0.02
zr0
0.02
-0.03
zz0
Dz0/pzT0
0.06
-0.04
0
1
r/c
Fig. 3. The stress components zz0 , zr 0 and the electric displacement component Dz0 on the
r -axis without crack due to the temperature shown in Fig. 2
0.02
0.04
(a)
(b)
h1 /h=0.50
0.03
1/2
0.01
K I/ 33T0 (c)
1/2
h1 /h=0.25
h1 /h=0.5
-0.01
h1 /h=0.25, 0.75
0.02
0.01
h1 /h=0.75
-0.02
1
c/h
0.02
1
c/h
(c)
h1/h=0.75
KD/pZ T0 (c)
1/2
0.01
h1/h=0.5
-0.01
h1/h=0.25
-0.02
0
1
c/h
Fig. 4. (a) The effect of the crack size on the stress intensity factor K I . (b) The effect of the
crack size on the stress intensity factor K II . (c) The effect of the crack size on the electric
displacement intensity factor K D
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218
for
h1 / h = 0.5
[KD ]h
1 /h = 0.25
= [ K D ]h
[KI ]h /h =0.25
= [ K I ]h
1 /h = 0.75
0.75 monotonically increases with increasing c / h , but the value of K II / 33T0 ( c )1 / 2 and the
1
absolute value of K D / pzT0 ( c )1 / 2 increase at first, reach maximum values and then decrease
with increasing c / h . The value of K I for h1 / h = 0.75 becomes negative so that the contact
of the crack faces would occur. The results presented here without considering this effect
may not be exact but would be more conservative. Since the contact of the crack faces will
increase the friction between the faces and make thermo-electrical transfer across the crack
faces easier, the stress and electric displacement intensity factors would be lowered by these
two factors.
In the final set of calculations, we investigate the influence of the crack location on the
intensity factors. Figure 5 indicates the effect of the crack location on K I , K II and K D for
c / h = 0.5 . As h1 / h increases, the values of K I and K D tend to decrease or increase
monotonically. The value of K II / 33T0 ( c )1 / 2 decreases if the crack approaches the free
boundaries ( h1 / h 0.0 or 1.0) , and the peak value of K II / 33T0 ( c )1 / 2 =0.0277 occurs at
h1 / h = 0.5 .
0.03
0.02
0.01
1/2
0.02
KD
0.01
KI
-0.01
KD/pzT0(c)
(KI, KII)/33T0(c)
1/2
KII
-0.01
c/h=0.5
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
-0.02
h1/h
Fig. 5 The effect of the crack location on the stress intensity factors K I , K II and the electric
displacement intensity factor K D
6. Conclusion
An example of the application of Hankel transform for solving a mixed-mode thermoelectro-elastic fracture problem of a piezoelectric material strip with a parallel penny-shaped
crack is explained. The effects of the crack size (c / h ) and the crack location ( h1 / h ) on the
fracture behavior are analyzed. The following facts can be found from the numerical results.
1.
2.
The large shear stress occurs in the strip without crack due to the disturbed temperature
field.
The normalized intensity factors are under the great influence of the geometric
parameters h1 / h and c / h .
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3.
4.
219
For the case of h1 / h > 0.5 , mode I stress intensity factor becomes negative so that the
contact of the crack faces would occur.
The intensity factors of crack near the free surfaces due to the thermal load are not so
large.
Appendix A
)
)
)
p1(1)
ij = c 13 c 33 kij ij C ij e33 ij N ij 33 ,
1
,
p(1)
c
k
C
e
N
=
+
+
44
15 ij
ij ij ij
2 ij
(i, j = 1, 2)
(1)
2
p3ij = e31 e33 kij ij C ij + 33 ij N ij + pz ,
(1)
(1)
p(1)
4 ij = kij ijC ij , p5 ij = C ij , p6 ij = N ij
(A.1)
where
,
mij(1) + kij mij(2)
ij nij + nij(22)
C ij =
(A.2)
with
(i , j = 1, 2)
( H 1 z + H 3 z ) b21 b22 ij2 + H 4 zmij(1) ij ,
(2)
2
2
H 1 z H 2 z ij b21 b22 ij + H 4 zmij ij
2
a44 ij
{
={
= {(
= {(
)
(
(
a43 ij2 ,
)(
)(
)
)
)
)
}
}
}
}
(A.3)
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220
a41 = c11 ,
a42 = c 44 + ( e15 + e31 )( H 1r + H 3r ),
b21 = 11 ,
b22 = ( e15 + e31 )H 4 r
(A.5)
Appendix B
The constants ij (i = 1, 2, j = 1, 2,..., 6) are the roots of the following characteristic equations:
( f 4 g2 + g4 f 2 ) ij6 + ( f 4 g0 + f 2 g2 + g4 f 0 + g2 f 2 ) ij4 +
+ ( f 2 g0 + f 0 g2 + g2 f 0 + g0 f 2 ) j2 + ( f 0 g0 + g0 f 0 ) = 0
(i = 1, 2, j = 1, 2,..., 6)
(B.1)
= c 44 e33 ,
= c11 e15 ,
(B.2)
g 4 = c 44 33 ,
g2
g0
g2
g0
= c11 11 ,
(B.3)
p1(2)
ij = c 13 aij + ij c 33 e33bij ,
+
1
,
p(2)
c
a
e
b
44
15 ij
ij ij
2 ij
p(2)
3 ij = e31 aij + ij e310 + 330 bij ,
( i = 1, 2, j = 1, 2,..., 6)
p(2)
4 ij = 1,
p(2)
5 ij = aij ,
(2)
p6 ij = bij
(B.4)
+
+ g0
(i = 1, 2, j = 1, 2,..., 6)
2
(c 44 ij c11 )aij c13 c 44
bij =
e15 + e31
(B.5)
aij =
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g2 ij2 + g0
g 4 ij4
g2 ij2
221
Appendix C
d1 jk (s ) = q j, k + 9 ( s ),
( j = 1, 2,..., 6, k = 1, 2, 3)
d2 jk (s ) = q j + 6, k + 9 (s )
(C.1)
( j = 1, 2, 3),
( j = 1, 2, 3),
j + 3, k + 6 (s ) = p(2)
j 2 k exp( s 2 k h2 )
( k = 1, 2,..., 6)
( j = 1, 2,..., 6),
j + 6, k (s ) = p(2)
j 1k
( j = 1, 2,..., 6)
j + 6, k + 6 (s ) = p(2)
j2k
(C.2)
where the functions q j, k (s ) ( j, k = 1, 2,..., 12) are the elements of a square matrix Q = 1 of
order 12. The elements j , k (s ) ( j, k = 1, 2,..., 12) of the square matrix are given by
j , k ( s) = p(2)
j 1 k exp( s 1 k h1 )
12
d1Tj ( s ) = q j, k (s )uk (s ),
k =1
( j = 1, 2,..., 6)
12
d2T j ( s ) = q j + 6, k (s )uk (s )
k =1
(C.3)
where
uk ( s ) =
uk + 3 ( s ) =
uk + 6 ( s ) =
R0 (s ) 2 (1)
p R1 j (s)exp(s 1 j h1 )
s j =1 k 1 j
R0 (s ) 2 (1)
p R2 j (s)exp(s 2 j h2 )
s j =1 k 2 j
R0 (s ) 2
p(1) R1 j (s) p(1)
k 2 j R2 j ( s )
s j =1 k 1 j
( k = 1, 2, 3),
( k = 1, 2, 3),
( k = 1, 2,..., 6)
(C.4)
7. References
Ashida, F. & Tauchert, T.R. (1998). Transient Response of a Piezothermoelastic Circular Disk
under Axisymmetric Heating. Acta Mechanica, Vol. 128, pp. 1-14, 0001-5970
Dag, S., Ilhan, K.A. & Erdogan, F. (2006), Mixed-Mode Stress Intensity Factors for an
Embedded Crack in an Orthotropic FGM Coating, Proceedings of the International
Conference FGM IX, 978-0-7354-0492-2, Oahu Island, Hawaii, October 2006
Erdogan, F. & Wu, B.H. (1996). Crack Problems in FGM Layers under Thermal Stresses.
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Rao, S.S. & Sunar, M. (1994). Piezoelectricity and Its Use in Disturbance Sensing and Control
of Flexible Structures: a Survey. Applied Mechanics Review, Vol. 47, pp. 113-123,
0003-6900
Sih, G.C. (Ed.). (1972). Methods of Analysis and Solution of Crack Problems, Noordhoff,
International Publishing, 978-9048182466, Leyden
Sneddon, I.N. & Lowengrub, M. (1969). Crack Problems in the Classical Theory of Elasticity,
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 978-0471808459, New York
Tauchert, T.R. (1992). Piezothermoelastic Behavior of a Laminated Plate. Journal of Thermal
Stresses, Vol. 15, pp. 25-37, 0149-5739
Ueda, S. (2006a). The Crack Problem in Piezoelectric Strip under Thermoelectric Loading.
Journal of Thermal Stresses, Vol. 29, pp. 295-316, 0149-5739
Ueda, S. (2006b). Thermal Stress Intensity Factors for a Normal Crack in a Piezoelectric Strip.
Journal of Thermal Stresses, Vol. 29, pp. 1107-1126, 0149-5739
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ISBN 978-953-51-0594-7
Hard cover, 260 pages
Publisher InTech
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Sei Ueda (2012). Application of Hankel Transform for Solving a Fracture Problem of a Cracked Piezoelectric
Strip Under Thermal Loading, Fourier Transform - Materials Analysis, Dr Salih Salih (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-510594-7, InTech, Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/fourier-transform-materialsanalysis/application-of-hankel-transform-for-solving-a-fracture-problem-of-a-cracked-piezoelectric-strip-unde
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