i: & QO), ¥2 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA NON-NATIONAL CERTIFICATE: INSTALLATION RULES INSTALLATION RULES z= . (Second Paper) TIME: 3 HOURS MARKS: 102 Apul 2003 Answer ALL the questions. INSTRUCTIONS a Read the instructions carefully and then answer the questions. 2, ALL the answers must be clearly numbered, 3. Even though NOT explicitly stated in a question, ALL the answers must comply with the relevant rules and/or requirements of the SANS Publication 10142 Part 1 (latest edition available). NOTE: Amendment No. 3 incorporated. 4 The answers need NOT be word-perfect in ALL respects to the SANS Publication 10142 Part 4, but they must show that the candidate fully understands the content of the relevant rule(s). 5. Marks will be deducted for untidy work and/or an illegible handwriting 6. ‘The necessary tables are attached. 7. The pass mark for Papers 1 and 2 is 50% each, Both examination papers may be written during the same examination period. However, candidates need NOT pass both examinations during the same period (trimester), but the second examination must be passed within 12 months of the first, otherwise both examinations must be rewritten. However, if a candidate obtains 75% of 100 marks in any one of the examinations, he/she will be permanently exempted from rewriting that examination. 50% must be obtained to pass the instructional offering INSTALLATION RULES. An appropriate statement of results will be issued for accreditation purposes. 8. QUESTION 3 is COMPULSORY. 12 ANNEXURES are attached to this question paper. PTO\ \ 3 T1140(E\A5)Y \ QUESTION 1: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2003 GENERAL Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE using 'T' or 'F' next to the question number in the answer book. T=True F = False 1.4 AC and DC conductors may be installed in the same wire way provided that 12 13 14 They are not bundled and tied together Provision is made for inspection They are separated by a continuous insulated barrier 1 1. 1 1 No bare earth conductors are in the wireway ROS The colour of: i) Phase conductors may be any colour except green or black .2.2 Three-phase live conductors may only be red, white and blue 2.3 The neutral conductors may only be black for all types of cables and cords 1.2.4 Conductors may be indicated with insulation tape PVC multi-core cable with metal stiffening (surfix) cables may be installed: 1.3.1 Under plaster 1.3.2 Inconcrete floors 1.33 ‘Under false floors 1.3.4 Outside under roof overhang Distribution board: Shall not be installed in a bathroom May be installed in a bathroom if the IP rating exceeds IPXS May not be installed above a cooking appliance May not be installed within 1 metre from a water tap in the same room RRRR RORS PTO (2) (2) (2) (2)15 a 4 T1140(E\(A5)T In every installation where main equipotential bonding is used, the following shall be connected to the main earthing terminal 1.5.4 Earthing conductors 1.52 Functional earthing conductors 1.5.3 Earthing conductors of radio antenna systems. 1.5.4 The neutral conductor of a TN-S system QUESTION 2: SANS 10142 PART 1 OF 2003 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS 24 22 23 24 State FOUR conditions that if complied with will allow a three-phase four-wire, circuit to supply any number of single-phase electrical equipment. State FOUR conditions which allow the use of flexible cords in a fixed electri- cal installation. State EIGHT factors which may influence the current carrying capacity of an electric cable. Explain the difference between the following TWO terms ‘effective current- carrying capacity’ and ‘tabulated current carrying capacity’. VOLTAGE DROP 25 Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. if FALSE, supply the correct statement. 2.5.1 The permissible voltage drop in an AC circuit is 2% of 230 Volts. 2.5.2 The permissible voltage drop in a DC circuit is 5% of the circuit nominal voltage. 2.5.3 Where wiring systems are surrounded by thermal insulation (Think Pink) above ceilings and in wall cavities the correction factor that corresponds to an ambient temperature of 60 °C shall be used, when calculating the current capacity. 2.5.4 When the spacing between cables exceeds twice the overall dia- meter of the cables, no correction factor for grouping needs to be applied except for cables buried directly in the ground. 25.8 ABC (Aerial bundled conductors) can also be installed directly in the ground. PTO (2) fo} (4) (4) (4) (4) 7)26 27 : T1140(EMAS)T Consider the following criteria: 4 core PVC insulated armoured cable Depth of burial 550 mm directly in ground Thermal resistivity of soil is taken as 1 K.m/W The cable is buried in soil of which the temperature is 4 32 °C Cable is buried together with 5 other cables in close proximity next to each other The cable consists of 4 cores Cu (copper conductors) with a nominal conductor size of 50 mm? Calculate using the required tables the sustained current-capacity of this cable taking into account the applicable correction factors. An additional PVC insulated armoured cable needs to be installed on a wall adjacent to four other cables that are touching on a perforated cable tray. Of the entire length of 60 metres the cable will for 48 metres be exposed to direct sunlight. The new cable consists of four cores with copper conductors of 10 mm’ The expected ambient temperature at the seaside where the cable is installed is an average of 38 °C. The cable supplies a 3-phase air conditioning installa- tion with a full load current of 45 Amperes. Show, by means of calculations, whether the cable is appropriate in terms of sustained current-carrying capacity. (Ignore the power factor of the air-condi- tioning motor.) QUESTION 3 INSTALLATION OF CONDUCTORS AND CABLES 34 3.2 33 Explain the methods used for identification of conductors in an AC circuit 3.1.1. When.using colours 3.4.2 Whenusing numbers Explain the methods used for identification of conductors in a DC circuit: 32.1 Whenusing colours 3.2.2 Whenusing symbols State the requirements that need to be fulfilled if unarmoured insulated cables are buried at a depth of: 33.1 Less than 0,5 metres 3.3.2 More than 0,5 metres — PTO (4) 130] (4) (1) (2) (2) (2) (2)T1140(E\AS)T WIREWAYS 34 State at least FIVE requirements that should be adhered to when a wireway is installed. DISTRIBUTION BOARDS 35 36 37 38 39 3.5.1. Name THREE areas where a distribution board may not be mounted 3.52 State the criteria that the ngytzal-har-of a multiphase distribution board should meet. 3.5.3 Ina distribution board where the short circuit rating exceeds 10 kA, what are the requirements as far as the conductors between the busbars and the functional units are congerne State the requirements regarding the following: 3.6.1. Unoccupied openings of distribution boards 3.8.2 The FOUR warning labels that must be fitted to a distribution board if there are more than one board in an installation and if the board contains series connected systems, and also if the short circuit rating exceeds 2,5 KA and the current rating of the busbars are more than 100 Amperes. What are the requirements regarding the following 3.7.1 Colour coding or mark identification for busbars 37.2 Colour coding for control wiring Name the THREE personsiparties who may assess a distribution board for compliance built or modified on site with a short circuit rating of less than 10 kA. State the criteria regarding the following: 3.9.14 Clearance between phases and phases and earth in a distribution board 3.92 Minimum creepage distance 3.93 The date from which proof of compliance is required for factory built distribution boards with a short circuit rating of more than 10 kA 3.9.4 The information that must be provided on a nameplate for a distri- bution board which is modified or extended PTO (5) 3) (2) (2) ay (6) (2) (3) (i) ay (6) {50}7- T1140(E(A5)T QUESTION 4 VERIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION State at least SIX aspects which according to the Additional Certificate of Compliance for a medical location should be investigated by an accredited person when completing such a certificate. (6) QUESTION 5: SABS 0313 OF 1999 PROTECTION OF STRUCTURES AGAINST LIGHTNING. Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. If FALSE, provide the correct statement. 5.1 AN LPS (Lightning protection system) can prevent the formation of lightning. (1) 5.2 An LPS (Lightning protection system)-designed and installed in accordance with this standard will guarantee absolute protection to structures, persons or objects against lightning strikes. 2) 5.3 Name THREE components/elements which could make up an air-termination system 3) (6) TOTAL: 102 ----000000000000----Table 6.19 — Corractlon factors for direct solar radlatlori 2 3 Correctlon factors (réas-asctional onductor ‘Solar radiation mm? 4.000 Wim? 1.260 Wim? (coastal) (highveld) 46 ~10 0,70 0,62 16-35 0,68 0.87 ‘50-95 0,85 0.58 120~ 185 0,62 ov 240-400 050 oa NOTE For concontis alcac) cable, soe 0.2.19 (table 6.20). : 3 = a & gTable 6.14 — Correction factors for groups of more than one circuit of single-core cable, or more than one multicore cable (To be applied to the corresponding current-carrying capacity for a single circult In tables 6.1 to 6.6.)* 1 ete ble Ts Peeples tule fo Instalatlon method (see table 6.1) ab 2tatay sels [efofolalulu] we | Encioed iothod tor or buns and chppc eso a0 | 070] 095] 060 |as7} ase | 052 | 00 | 948] 045 | 04] 041 | 099 | 0.0 om meals sree (nated 9) : sno yer ctpoedio Trouenna | oes [ore |ors| a7 [are] are [orfor| - | - | - | - | - | - (mathod 3) Spaced’ | 004 | 090] 0,90] 090 [000] 090 | 0,00 0,90 |os0| 090 [0.90 | 090| 090 | 0.90 Sholay matic or Toucna | oe [oat for | ozs [are| ors [ars [or[on[or] - | - | - | - feck or vay, vertost or » . hodzonalmtned 4) | Spaced ope|oes| oar jor] - |-]-]|-]-|-|-] - Single rack or tray “Touching Spaced™ Touching | 0.96 [oro]o7s| ov [or | ceo [oerloss| - | - |-|-| - | - Spaced | oa fossfoer| oes joss] - | -|-|-|-|-|-| - | - on the lowest operating 80 [077 | 076 [ors| or [oeolowe| - | - | -|- | - | - [two racks oF wo ways eos [os2| ooo fo] - |-|-|-|-1|-|-|-|- * Wen cabios that have diferent conducor operating temperatures azo grouped together, the cure rang shallbe bas lomperature of any cabo In lw group. ‘Spaced by a clearance bstween adjacent sutaces of at leaut one cuba dame ‘oxcoed 2, no conection facior need be appllad adjacent cables (0), Whore the hovlzontalcowrancos batwo 3 7 5 & g £002:1-Zr LOL SNVS. “10- T1140(E\A5)T Edition 1.1 Table 6.10 — Correction factors for ambient temperature ioc] z T Saseenlomen’ mae “Tipe of insulation and operating temperature temperature |" Goneral purpose PVC Rubber Rubber *c ae 35°C 150°C io z= ie is 17, iia. 29 2 110, 25 5106; “Los: 20 19 10) 25 ost 095 0 ‘os7 0:30 as O78 os, o 30 art 0.80. E 5 ast ‘ara 30 0.50 ‘O87 5 0.35 0.80 a : as2 75 = ost 30 : 0:30 as 5 : 30 = os % z z O82 700 = : 0.8 7105 = = O83. tia = = 0.78. us = = ‘O73 29 = = 08; 7s = = Oz 539 = z O55 735 5 = 0.48, 149 = = ‘038 Tas = = 0.28 NOTE 1 Where a conductar operas a lernperalure exceeding 70°C Rt shal be ascertained thatthe equipment connected|o the eencuctris suitable or he conductor eperating temperature, NOTE2 "Inthe case of 150°C cables, where the corection factors for ambient temperature are used, the conductor operating termperature may be up 10-12- T1140(E)(A5)T SANS 10142-1:2003 Edition 1.1 Table 6.1 (continued) 1 2 3 Description of Installation instalation method Examples tho le) Cables embedded directin building materials I cates tye De. Dein. aoe |Sheathed cables on fomomoll le perrced cats perched and lanencased A per- [1 rated cl ay Mead ¢ SSeiered asa Yay ln which the holes [@1 ecsny atest 90% ee saice area [@@@) orgmec“11- T1140(EAS)T SANS 10142-1:2003 Edition 1.1 Table 6.1 (continued) So a =e" ats Drg.t27JEC ene tn tees oats eee eee csped ect tor ing Motod3 |surtace or bunchedmo g ‘Table 6.13 —Correctlon factors for grouping of cables burled In the ground, ae 8a 1 2 3 4 [6 @ 7 @ @ wo [ ao g Correction factora 8 cabie orpipa | Number of CCabloe burled alreety in the ground ae ce a frrangement | cables in 8 ae Centre-tine spacing 8 2 mm a Touching 150 300 450, 600 Touching 300 450. 600 es ? z ai Da7-[-os1|-0,53~| 0.9 [— 000-1093 |-o.05 [a0 3 0,70—|-o76_|-o6s—|~097|-0.90|—oe2 | 07 [0.90.83 Spach 4 ‘074 | 081 |-o,g8|-o.88-|——978 08 |-o90—|-0.91 TT peambvee 3 To.80, 0,70| 0,78 | 0,83 | 0,87 ‘O76. ‘0,82 [ 0,07 | 0,00 6 LOE [0677076 | 0,82 10.86. O72. 0,81 | 0,96 | 0,90 Horizontal T “02 [06s [078-01 | 0.98 [0.70 | ~og0|-on8 [0.09 ‘ooacing a 0.50 ——[-oee[-o74| 01-05 op | -o.70 1-085 [-o.60 3 ‘048——[o,e3—|- 074 [0.500.950.6078 094-088 10 ‘oa? [082-073 [0,90] 085-067 076-04 [og ii ‘048 [ogi [072-00 |-o.4 | nee 077-04 [080 Sec 12 0,44 0,60 | 0,72 078 0,84 065 O77 083 | 087 LUswialort reTable 6.13 (concluded) 1 2 3 *TsTel7 2 a a . Correction factors . Cable or pe | Number of Cables burled directly In the ground Cables installed in pipes In thd ground arrangement | cables in dew Cantre-tine spacing mm ‘aushing —[160_[ soo | 480600 —[—Toushing | ~s00_[450 [600 oc 069 076 | 081 | 0.83 | 0,86 ot 07 | 0,90 qv z Spacia ? i 4 Be 082 on | 076 | 070 | ost 078 oat | 089 | ose pa nie aa ieee | oon 083 ose | o6a | o71 | 074 0,60 o74 | 0,76 vertical arrangement and . ‘spacing B00 z 000 044 oss | 06a | 061 | 064 00 oa | 067 z ooo 071 a Speting 2 a 000 ns S zag? | 000 oso | oma | os | 060 | oss | oss | ono | oz | ose | 2 2 tre 8 £ 000 gis z 2s 3 a8 xAS TA140(EAS)T SANS 10142-1:2003 Edition 1.1 Table 6.11 — Correction factors for soil temperature Maximum conductor température: 70°C 1 2 ‘Sell temperature Correction factors for cables buried ‘c directly or buried in pipes in the ground 10 4.15 18 tat 20 1,05 a 1,00) 30 0.94 3s 0.88 “0 0.82, Table 6.12 — Correction factors for thermal resistivity af soil 1 2 3 Theeral rests of Correction factors ‘Cables buried directly in the | Cables installed in pipes: Kemw ground buried In the ground Or, 117) 197 08 1g) 1.05) a8 1,09) 1,04) 10 7,08, 1,02, 42 1,00 71.00 15 0.93, 0.86 20 0.83 0.1 23 O76 O87 30 al 08s 35 0.65) 08 4.0 61 a7 NOTE The eorrction factors given have been averaged over the range of conductor sizes. Consut SANS 101S6-4 (SABS 0198-4) if specific conductor size correction factors are required.ie 6 TAA0(EYAS)T SANS 10142-1:2003 Edition 1.1 ‘Table 6.8 — Multicore PVC insulated armoured cables buried directly in the ground (SANS 1507 (SABS 1507) Current-carrying capacity ‘Sol temperature: 25°C ‘Maximum conductor temperature: 70°C 1 2 a 4 8 ‘Standard rating’ ~ Copper cables A Nominal waned i ind | CabI68 In pipes or ducts buriod| inal | cables bared in he ground mpage oe = - Fares aor | Tiee-core or four cu cu cu cu 1s a 2 a 2 25 a 22 a 28 + ed m2 a oe 6 a: 3 3 3 10 3. 70 3. 53 18 Tor at cy 75 3 12 19 ne 36 3. 7 us 139 116 30 28 169 165 138 nm 209 zo 203 wm 95, 238 251 2a. 205, 720 3 225 Zs Ze 10 20 wo m1 2 135 430 361 354 238 20 88 16 ‘a0 oa 300 554 485 455 as 200 2s 522 57 aa NOTE See tables 62(0), 6.300) and 6.4() fr voltage drop. * standard condone of ination: Depth of burt osm Thermal resistvly of soi: 1.2 Kew Each cable is thermally independent.“7- TAT40(EYAS)T SANS 10142-1:2003 Edition 1.1 Table 6.8 (concluded) 1 2 3 4 s Nominal ‘Standard rating - Aluminium cables conductor A sie mat a Al A A 2 106 90 88 B 38 128 108, 104 7 50 151 123 12 104 7 188 158 133 130 95 2s 192 184 157 120 = 219 = 179 150 - 248 - 201 185 - ze = Ee) 240 = ae = 268 300 386 308 400 a = eS |NOTE See tables 6.500), 6.6(b) and 6.7) for vokage crop. * standard conditions of installation: Depth of buat osm ‘Thermal resistivity of sol 1,2 Km Each cable is thermally independent.SANS 10142-1:2003 Edition 1.1 18. TA140(E)(AS)T Table 6.4(2) — Multicore PVC insulated armoured cables (SANS 1507 (SABS 1507)) Current-carrying capacity copper conductors Ament trmpersture: 90°C Conductor operating temperature: 70°C. 7 Zeneeli z z T = Tastalation method 4 Installation method 3 (on a perforated horizontal or vertical : (clipped direct) cable ray), or installation method § | (in five ait) area | OE [one ttree-core or] | Onetwo-care | One three-core or Shatner | four-core cable, | cable, single-phase} “four-core cable, ae teephaseac | acorde | threphaseac. et A A A A 1 2 s z oy 28 28 25 Fy Py + 3 33 at as 5 a 2 3 6 10 or 38 nm a 8 83 7 a Ey 2s 18 302 18 110 35 165 1235 157 135 0 15 151 390 463 7 m 192 2 2a 35 269 Bt 2a 2st 120 310 27 338 230 150 356 08 385 wz 15 405 us 439 are 240 478 09 516 us ‘0 sr 463 552 510 400 et 540 63 590ae TUT4Q(E KART Table 6.16 — Correction factors for depth of cables buried in the ground 1 2 3 Correction factor Depth Hon factors Cables installed in m Cables buried directly in the | ; 7 pipes buried in the ground by 05 10. 40 06 0.98 0.99 08 0.96 0.98 1,0 0,04 0,96 1,25 0,92 0,95 15 09 0.94