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SANSwitchbasicconceptsFabricSwitchTechTutorials

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SAN Switch basic concepts Fabric Switch

May 16, 2016 (http://arkit.co.in/storage-area-network-and-network-attached-storage/san-switch-basic/)

Ankam

Ravi Kumar (http://arkit.co.in/author/admin/)

SAN Switch basic concepts

SANSwitchbasicconceptsSANenvironmentprovidesblockorientedI/Obetweenthecomputer
systemsandthetargetdisksystems.TheSANmayuseFiberChannelorEthernet(iSCSI)to
provideconnectivitybetweenhostsandstorage.Ineithercase,thestorageisphysically
decoupledfromthehosts.Thestoragedevicesandthehostsnowbecomepeersattachedtoa
commonSANfabricthatprovideshighbandwidth,longerreachdistance,theabilitytoshare
resources,enhancedavailability,andotherbenefitsofconsolidatedstorage.
SANiscreatedbyusingtheFiberChanneltolinkperipheraldevicessuchasdiskstorageand
tapelibraries
ASAN(StorageAreaNetwork)Switchisdevicethatconnectstheseverandsharedpoolsofthe
storagedevicesandisdedicatedtomovingstorageTraffic.Itisshownasbelow

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(http://i2.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wpcontent/uploads/2016/05/San-Switch.jpg)
Picture: SAN Switch
BasicConnectivityDiagrambetweenServers,SANStorage,SANSwitchandTapeLibrary.

(http://i2.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/SANSwitch-Connectivity.png)
Picture: Basic Connectivity Diagram

SAN Switch will contain below physical parts

1. One / Two Hot Swap-able Power supply units
2. SFP (Small Form Factor pluggable) Ports
3. Out Band Management Port (RJ45)
4. Console Port
5. USB ports
6. FC ports (count is depend up on the model)

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(http://i0.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/SAN-Switch-Parts.png)
Switch Back View

(http://i0.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/San-Switch-FrontView.png)
Front View
Hot Swappable Power supply Units: Hot swapping and hot plugging are terms used

to describe the functions of replacing computer system components without shutting

down the system. If we use 2 Power supply units it will be helpful for redundancy purpose.
One unit will connect to PDU1 in a rack and another unit will connect to another PDU 2 in
a rack.
SFP: (Small Form-factor Pluggable) A small transceiver that plugs into the SFP port of a

network switch and connects to Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) optical fibre
cables at the other end. SFP is a hot-swappable input/output device that plugs into a
switch port, allowing multiple options for connectivity superseding the GBIC transceiver,
SFP modules are also called mini-GBIC due to their smaller size.

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(http://i2.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-

content/uploads/2016/05/SFP.jpg)

(http://i1.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/LC-connector.png)

The Fiber cables are used to connect between Storage and Server as well as Storage and
Tape Library. The Fiber cable is as shown below.

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(http://i1.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wpcontent/uploads/2016/05/fibre-optic-Cable.jpg)
FC Cable

Fiber cable: A fiber optic cable consists of a bundle of glass threads, each of which is
capable of transmitting messages modulated onto light waves. Fiber optics has several
advantages over traditional metal communications lines: Fiber optic cables have a much
greater bandwidth than metal cables.

Ethernet Port: out-of-band management involves the use of a dedicated channel for
managing network devices. This allows the network operator to establish trust
boundaries in accessing the management function to apply it to network resources. It also
can be used to ensure management connectivity (including the ability to determine the
status of any network component) independent of the status of other in-band network
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components. A complete remote management system allows remote reboot, shut-down,

powering on; hardware sensor monitoring (fan speed, power voltages, chassis intrusion,
etc.); Out band Management ports is also called as Ethernet Management port (RJ45).

(http://i0.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-

content/uploads/2016/05/Console-Port.png)

Console: Switch console ports are meant to allow root access to the switch via a dumb
terminal interface, regardless of the state of the switch (unless it is completely dead). By
connecting to the console port you can get remote access to the root level of a switch
without using the network that the switch is connected to. This creates a secondary path
to the switch outside the bandwidth of the network which needs to be secured without
relying on the primary network.

(http://i1.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-

content/uploads/2016/05/Console-Port-1.gif)

This allows a technician sitting in a Network Operations Center thousands of miles away
the ability to restore a switch or perform an initialization configuration securely over a
standard telephone line even if the primary network is in failure. Without a connection to
the console port, a technician would have to visit the site to perform repairs or
initialization.

Login to SAN Switch.

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(http://i0.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-

content/uploads/2016/05/putty.png)
Putty: A free telnet and SSH terminal soware for Windows and Unix platforms that

enables users to remotely access computers over the Internet.

By typing the Switch IP Address in putty configuration we will login to SAN Switch (CLI).
We can also login to the SAN switch GUI console using web browser, open web browser
and type the IP address / SAN Switch Name in the address bar

(http://i1.wp.com/arkit.co.in/wp-

content/uploads/2016/05/SAN-Switch-GUI-console-login.png)

Understanding Port Management. Port Types and Denitions

E_Port: This is an expansion port. A port is designated an E_Port when it is used as an
inter switch expansion port (ISL) to connect to the E_Port of another switch, to enlarge the
switch fabric.
F_Port: This is a fabric port that is not loop capable. It is used to connect an N_Port
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point-to-point to a switch.
FL_Port: This is a fabric port that is loop capable. It is used to connect NL_Ports to the
switch in a public loop configuration (in switched fabric env.).
G_Port: This is a generic port that can operate as either an E_Port or an F_Port. A port is
defined as a G_Port aer it is connected but has not received response to loop
initialization or has not yet completed the link initialization procedure with the adjacent
Fiber Channel device.
L_Port: This is a loop capable node or switch port.
U_Port: This is a universal port. A more generic switch port than a G_Port. It can operate
as either an E_Port, F_Port, or FL_Port. A port is defined as an U_Port when it is not
connected or has not yet assumed a specific function in the fabric.
VE_Port A virtual E_Port that terminates at the switch and does not propagate fabric
services or routing topology information from one edge fabric to the other
EX_Port An E_Port from a router to an edge fabric; the router terminates EX_Ports
preventing fabric merges
VEX_Port A virtual E_Port that terminates at the switch and does not propagate
fabric services or routing topology information from one edge fabric to the other, when an
FCIP connection is involved

Target Device (Device ports)

N_Port: This is a node port that is not loop capable. It is used to connect an equipment
port to the fabric.
NL_Port: This is a node port that is loop capable. It is used to connect an equipment
port to the fabric in a loop configuration through an L_Port or FL_Port.
T_Port: This was used previously by CNT (INRANGE) as a mechanism of connecting
directors together. This has been largely replaced by the E_Port
No_Light: it indicates the port is free.
Please do comment your feedback
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