NCTTE - Automotive Department

TRANSMISSION
AUT 324 - "Transmission and drive trains"
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Operation:

(type Borg-Warner)
1. Neutral Position:
The inserts keep the gear-shift sleeve
in its normal position in the middle
of the synchromesh body (hub).
No sliding force is applied.
No connection between the shaft and
the gear.
Hub and gear can run on different
speeds.
Synchronizing ring runs with equal
speed as hub and sleeve (and inserts
with their springs). Insert is in
released position in the gap on the
ring.

2. Locked Position
By the force of the sifting fork (=
drivers force) the sleeve moves towards
the gear. Due to this, the inserts are
pressed against the synchronizer ring,
which again is pressed against the
conical striking surface of the gear friction occurs.
The inserts are kept in their position
below the center of the sleeve by the
locking springs and due to their shape.
The friction torque results that the
synch ring moves (distorts) towards the
end of its gap till the inserts stop it. In
this position it is kept (forced) as long
as both gear and hub rotate with
different speeds. It is not possible to
move the sleeve further towards the
gear since the lock gears of the synch
ring and the shift dogs do not correspond - the lock gears of the synch ring block the shift dog.
The friction force is higher than the sliding force applied by the driver.
3. Gear Shifted
As soon as gear and hub have the same
speed (speed adaptation), no more sliding
friction occurs between hub, synch ring
and gear. The synch ring gets released
due to the fact that the force that keeps it
in locked position is decreased and is so
overcome by the force of the driver. The
shift dog can now distort the synch ring
back to its centered position and can
pass. The shift dog enters the lock gear
section of the gear - the gear is now
shifted.

At this time the inserts are pressed inward by overcoming the locking
spring force, therefore they leave their centered position below the shift
dog and sit below the "shoulder" of the shift dog.

NCTTE - Automotive Department

TRANSMISSION
AUT 324 - "Transmission and drive trains"
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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