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1-1:

Ag
) (Argentum: )
( .
.
- Ag2S

.

.
.
2.5 2.7
.
) (II
) (47 107.868 .10.5
) (962 .
) (2212 [1].

2-1 :


2500 .
. .


.
.

- .


.

[ 1 ].

3-1 :

Ag3N
. .

Ag3N

Ag+ .
.Ag+
Ag3N
Ag-N.


:
)AgNO3 (aq) + NaN3 (aq) AgN3(s) + NaNO3 (aq

Ag2C2
.
.


120
:
)Ag2C2(s) 2 Ag(s) + 2 C(s
4000/.


.
)2 AgNO3(aq) + C2H2(g) Ag2C2(s) + 2 HNO3(aq

Marcellin Berthelot
. 1866


.

)
( AgO
.

AgIAgIIIO
.3O2.Ag2O2Ag2

.

AgC2O3H2
.

10.2
/ 20.


:
+ H2O + CO2

Ag2CO3 + CH3COOH CH3COO - Ag




.

-31

.


AgPF6
.



.


:
AgPF6 + Re(CO)5Br + CH3CN AgBr + [Re(CO)5(CH3CN)]PF6


AgCN
.


.

.



AgNO3 + NaCN AgCN+ NaNO3

].Na[Ag(CN)2


.

.


) (AgF
.
435 .
1.8/ .
.
.
.

.

2SO4Ag
.


.
AgHSO4
.



:
8

2Ag+(aq) + SO42-(aq) Ag2SO4


Ag2CrO4
.


Pnma
.c=5.54 b=7.03 , a=10.06


Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
.

Eduard

Raphael

Liesegang )(
9


.
Liesegang rings .


.
.

Ag2Mo4
.


.

483.




.
10


.
:
.


.

: .
AgNO3

.


.

.

.
.


11



. )
( .

. )
( .

.


.

.

AgIO3
.

.

.

12



:
AgNO3 + NaIO3 AgIO3 + NaNO3


.

:
NaCl + AgIO3 AgCl + NaIO3


.
)(

AgI

13



.
0.03
.
KS = c [Ag+] . c [I -] = 8.5 * 10 -17


.

.

.



:
AgNO3 + KI AgI + KNO3

14






] .[ 2

4-1 :







.







15



.


.





.






500
.

16


)Selver

yen

(High



.




[ 1 ] .

5-1
:
:1-5-1
:
1-1-5-1
:


,
%99
. ICP-MS


17



[ 3 ].
2-1-5-1
:

%99
,

) (bacillus subtilis atcc 6633
,

.

) (protease
,
30
60-50
3-2
30 .
) Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn,
( Ni, Pb, Sn [ 4 ]. ICP-MS

18

3-1-5-1 :
:
AgBr

. Na2 S2O3
:

:
AgBr + 2 S2O32- [Ag(S2O3)]-3 + Br
.
:



.
)
) 0.6-0.3(
.
:


19

.

pH )(10-8

.
:

) (

[ 5 ] .
:2-5-1




Ag(S2O3)2



7-2 / .

) (microorganisms 5
) (ppm 5 /
20

.
:
1-2-5-1:



%90
[6].
2-2-5-1:
99 %
) . (Ag2S




[6].
3-2-5-1 :

(more

) electropositive
.

%99-95
21

.
.
5-1
2.5




.

.




.



.


.

pH=2.2

22



.


.





[6 ].

6-1 :

0.0702
.
:
.
: .
:
, , ,
, , ,
, .
23

:

.
:
.

[2].

24

2-1:
, , ,
) , ( 50 , 100 , 250 , , ,
, ,
2-2:
pH meter ,
2-3:
%10


%30


25

2-4:
2-4-1
60.5267
4*4
%10
)
(

100 ,

10_8
.

)
( .
100 50



[ 3 ].

26

2-4-2 :


:

) ( 1 :

pH

/3

5.38

102.2

1.1436


pH pH-
meter 10 %
100


.

)

27

( ,

) ( 2 10 %
100 pH
:
pH

pH=5

pH=4

pH=3.5

pH=3

2.15

3.01

4.32

5.36

4


48
).( 2-3-1


400
.

400
[ 5 ].

28

3-1 :

1-3-1
:

0.99

2.13

1.14

2-3 :

2-3-1
:

0.12

24

48

_____

_____

_____

0.14

72

_____

_____

_____

29

0.157

3-3 :

25-5

,
60

, ,




) (

, 10-8

,
) , (70_80 C



,

, )
30

(
,

.

,
..

)(
.
4-3 :




:
- 5-3
- 7 -1
- ) (
- 10 %
.

31







.









:
n Ag+ + M n Ag + M+n
) ( n = 2,3 ; M = Fe, Sn, Zn, Cu or Al



20

32




.


.



.

5
2.8-2.6



.

5 /



.

33

1-4
[1] J. Wesley Alexander ; 10; 2009 ;9941

[2]

A.Furst

;and

MC.Schlauder;Journal

of

environmental

pathology and toxicology ; 1977; 1:51-57.

[3]

N.

NAKIBOGLU

;D.

TOSCALI;and

G.NISLI;JTurk

Chem

;27; 2003 ; 127 - 133

[4] N. NAKIBOGLU ; D.TOSCALI ;and I. YASA ;and JTurk;


Chem ; 25 ;2001 ; 349 - 353.

[5]J.Hubin;and

Vereecken;J.

appl.

Electrochem;.

1994;396-403.

[6]

Kosei;

Toshiyuki;and;Kunio;

.Hachiro;

Journal

Energy;2006; 85;2; pp. 126-134.

34

of

the

N.

KiwamuI;

Japan

Institute

A.
of

2-4

Ag 47

d 511
107.86821
Kr4d10 5s1

2, 8, 18, 18, 1

35

) (

10.49

9.320

1234.93 961.78 1763.2


2435 2162 3924

11.28

250.58

) (

25.3501

1, 2, 3

1.93

731.0 :

2070 :

3361 :
144

5145

36

)
(

105Ag

41.2

105Pd

0.280 0.344
0.443 0.644

106mAg

8.28

106Pd

0.717 0.511
0.450 1.045

107Ag

51.839%

108mAg

109Ag

48.161%

111Ag

107Ag 60
418

108Pd

0.109

108Ag

0.614 0.433
0.722

109Ag 62
7.45 d

0.694 1.036

111Cd

0.342

37

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