BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

CHAPTER 25
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1)

2)

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS
DEFINITIONS

A celestial body that orbits around a planet.

Man-made satellites that orbit earth, providing a

multitude of communication functions to a
wide
variety of consumers, including military,
governmental, private and commercial subscriber.

TERMS
Satellite

Communications
Satellites

A satellite radio repeater which a satellite may have

many.
Consists of :
3)

input Bandlimiting device (BPF)

input low-noise amplifier (LNA)
frequency translator
low level amplifier
output bandpass filter

4)

It consists of one or more satellite space vehicles, a

ground-based station to control the operation of the
system, and a user network of earth stations that
provides the interface facilities for the transmission
and reception of terrestrial communications traffic
through the satellite system.

5)

It includes control mechanism that support the

payload operation.

6)

The actual user information conveyed through the

system.

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Transponder

Satellite System

Bus

Payload

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

7)

A type of satellite wherein it simply bounces signals

from one place to another.

8)

A natural satellite of Earth, visible by reflection of

sunlight having a slightly elliptical orbit.

9)

Used by passive satellites for tracking and ranging

purposes.

10)

Launched by Russia, the first active earth satellite

in 1957. It transmitted telemetry for 21 days.

A type of satellite capable of receiving, amplifying,

11) reshaping, regenerating and retransmitting
information.

12)

Satellite launched by U.S., it transmitted telemetry

information for nearly five months.

Satellite launched by NASA in 1958, a 150-pound

conical-shaped satellite. It was the first artificial
13)
satellite used for relaying terrestrial communications.

14)

The first active satellite to simultaneously receive and

transmit radio signals.

Launched in 1963, and was used for telephone

television, facsimile and data transmission and
15)
accomplished the first successful transatlantic
video transmission.

16)

Launched in February 1963, was the first attempt to

place a geosynchronous satellite into orbit.

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Passive Reflector

Moon

Radio Beacon
Transmitters

Sputnik I

Active Satellite

Explorer I

Score

Telstar I

Telstar II

Syncom I

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

It was the first commercial telecommunications

satellite. It launched from Cape Kennedy in 1965 and
17) used two transponders. Also called as Early Birds.It
stands for International Telecommunications Satellite.

18)

Domestic satellite launched by former Soviet Union in

1966. It means lighting.

19)

A German astronomer who discovered the laws

thatgoverns satellite motion.

Intelsat I

Molya

Johannes Kepler

It may be simply stated as:

The planets move in ellipses with the sun at one
focus
The line joining the sun and the planet sweeps
20) out equal intervals of time.

Keplers Law

The square of the time of revolution of a planet

divided by the cube of its mean distance from
the sun gives a number that is the same for all
planets.

21) The point in an orbit closest to earth

22) The point in an orbit farthest from the earth.

Perigee

Apogee

It states that the square of the periodic time

23) of orbit is proportional to the cube of the mean
distance between the primary and the satellite.

High-altitude earth-orbit satellites operating primarily

24) in the 2-GHz to 18 GHz frequency spectrum with orbits
Satellite 22,300 miles above earths surface.
Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Harmonic Law

Geosynchronous
Satellite
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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

Advantages of Geosynchronous Satellite:

It remain almost stationary in respect to a
given earth station.
Available to earth within their shadows
100% of the time.
No need to switch from one geosynchronous
satellite to another as they orbit overhead
The effects of Doppler shift are negligible
Disadvantages of geosynchronous Satellite:
It requires sophisticated and heavy propulsion
device onboard to keep them in a fixed orbit
Much longer propagation delays
Requires higher transmit power and more
sensitive receivers because of the longer
distances and greater path loss.
High precision spacemanship is required.

The angle between the earths equatorial plane and

the orbital plane of a satellite measured counter
25) clockwise at the point in the orbit where it crosses the
equatorial plane traveling from south to north called
the ascending node.

Angle of Inclination

The point where the polar or inclines orbit

26) crosses the equatorial plane travelling from north to
south

27)

The line joining the ascending and descending node

It is when the satellite rotates in an orbit directl

28) above the equator, usually in a circular path.

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Descending Node

Line of Nodes

Equatorial Orbit

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BOOK REVIEW IN COMMUNICATIONS

Electronic Communications System By Wayne Tomasi

It is when the satellite rotates in path that takes over

the North and the South poles in an orbit that is close
29)
to earth and passes over and very close to both the
North and South Poles.

30)

The noise power normalized to a 1 Hz bandwidth, or

the noise power present in a 1Hz bandwidth

It identifies the system parameters and is used to

determine the projected carrier-to-noise ratio and
energy Bit-to-noise density ratio at both the satellite
31)
and earth station receivers for a given modulation
scheme.

Prepared By : MARY JANE R. ROGELIO

Polar Orbit

Noise Density

Link Budget

191