Electrical Machine

8-24

Synchronous Machines (Alternators)

Now coil is shorted by 1 slot i.e. by 20 to full pitch

distance,
a = Angle of short pitch = 20
Kc = cos = cos (10)
= 0.9848

8.11.4 Line Value of Induced E.M.F.

If the armature winding of three phase alternator is star connected, then the value of
induced e.m.f. across the terminals is 3 Eph where Eph is induced e.m.f. per phase.

While if it is delta connected line value of e.m.f. is same as E ph.

This is shown in the Fig. 8.24 (a) and (b).

B
(a) Star connection

Advantages of star connection :

(b) Delta connection

Fig. 8.24
Practically most of the alternators are star connected due to following reasons :
1. Neutral point can be earthed from safety point of view.
2. For the same phase voltage, voltage available across the terminal is more than
delta connection.
3. For the same terminal voltage, the phase voltage in star is -^L- times line value.
v3
This reduces strain on the insulation of the armature winding.

Example 8.4 : An alternator runs at 250 r.p.m. and generates an e.m.f. at 50 Hz. There
are 216 slots each containing 5 conductors. The winding is distributed and full pitch. All the
conductors of each phase are in series and flux per pole is 30 mWb which is sinusoidally
distributed. If the winding is star connected, determine the value of induced e.m.f. available
across the terminals.

Copyrighted material