Gemini Communication Ltd.

Innovation & Leadership

Product Training Radwin WinLink 1000
Ref. 1050006100

Gemini Communication Company Confidential

www.gcl.in

Main Components in DWDM

1) Transponder
2) Omux/Odmux
3) Optical Amplifier
4) OADM
5) Regenerator

Data as on June,06

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Transponder
A device that takes an optical signal, performs electrical
3R regeneration & re-transmits the signal in optical form
In to Wavelength grid as per G.192
It allows any Wavelength as input to DWDM
For every input Wavelength, one transponder is required
Its very useful for Wavelength leasing, as customer can
Send any wavelength

Data as on June,06

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Transponder

OADM

Transponders in
Terminal

Transponders in
OADM

Data as on June,06

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Mux/Transponders in DWDM

Fibre

2.5 Gb/s

10Gb/s

Full transparency

Colored SDH I/Fs

M
U
X

TRP

SAN

TRP

PDH

TRP

ATM

TRP

GbE

TRP

SDH /
SONET

TRP

Digital
Video

ECISDH

Data as on June,06

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KEEP ALIVE function in Transponder

TX

LOS

Shut-Down
Keep-alive

LOS

TXKeep-alive
Shut-Down

RX

TX

RX

TX
SDH

SDH

TXA
Interruption
TX

RX

TX

SDH

RX

SDH

A transponder continuously outputs signal when it detects LOS.

(If a transponder shut down its output when it detects LOS, output of TXAMP at
Term Node may not correspond to sudden change of waves, so that
system may have an interruption.)

Data as on June,06

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Block Diagram of Transponder (2.5G Term)

Tx-Side

TX-E/O
ALM/Cont

OPT IN
(from Client)

CLK

LBO
DATA

Lambda OUT
(to OMUX)

RSOH
Monitor

TX-O/E
ALM/Cont

BUS

Control Circuits
Rx-Side

OPT OUT
(to Client)

RX-E/O
ALM/Cont

CLK

DATA

RX-O/E

RSOH
Monitor
Lambda IN
(from ODMUX)

ALM/Cont

Data as on June,06

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Omux/Odmux
Various Transponder outputs (Wavelengths) will be
provided as Inputs to Mux. Each input is equipped with A
selective filter of certain Wavelength. The output of these
filters are coupled to a Single Mode fiber
At the Receiver end, these Wavelengths are separated
again by a Demux & directs them to individual
Transponders
Both Mux & Demux are identical components,
only difference is that they are driven in opposite
direction
Data as on June,06

Ver 01

Gemini Communication Company Confidential

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DWDM Nodes - Optical Multiplexer (OMUX)

Wavelengt
h
n
(n(n1)
2)

Channe
l #n

#(n#(n1)
2)

Client

100 GHz

3
2
1

Aggregate Signal
over n-channels
with wavelengths
ranging from 1 to
n.

#3
#2
#1

OMUX
Data as on June,06

Ver 01

Gemini Communication Company Confidential

(n1)

Transmi
t
Amplifie
r
(TXA)

Channel spacing is
100 GHz and even.

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DWDM Nodes - Optical Demultiplexer (ODMUX)

Wavelengt
h
n
(n(n1)
2)

Channe
l #n

#(n#(n1)
2)

Client

100 GHz

3
2
1

Aggregate Signal
over n-channels
with wavelengths
ranging from 1 to
n.

#3
#2
#1

ODMUX

Gemini Communication Company Confidential

Receive
Amplifie
r
(RXA)

Channel spacing is
100 GHz and even.

Data as on June,06

Ver 01

(n1)

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Need of Amplifier
Receiver

Transmitter

Electrical
signal

~1 mW

80 km of fiber
0.25 dB/km

~10 W

Electrical
signal

There should be enough optical power at the receiver

for error free detection
 Bit Error Rate (BER), typically less than 10-12
To travel long distances, we need to amplify or regenerate
the optical signal
Data as on June,06

Ver 01

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Optical Amplifier
Where do we require Optical Amps ?
a) Booster/Post Amp
Boosts the signal at Transmitter end to compensate relatively
low output power of laser transmitters

b) Line Amp
Used at regular intervals to compensate fiber transmission
loss

c) Pre Amp
Boosts signal prior to Optical detectors to increase the Rx
sensitivity
Data as on June,06

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Thank You
Contact : info@gcl.in
Data as on June,06

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