Fire Fighting 2015

Fire Fighting Course
Prepared BY
Eng. Hossam ELdin Samir

e.hosam2000@gmail.com
Supervised By
Eng. Mahmud Abdelaty
Senior Electromechanical Engineer
Engmah111@gmail.com
July, 2015
Fire fighting course
Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir
Fire Fighting Course

...............................................
Course contents
1- Fire science :
1-1 Fire safety
1-2 Fire alarm
1-3 Fire fighting
2- Fire fighting systems:

2-1 water suppression system
2-1-1 sprinkler system;
A)
B)
C)
D)
Types of sprinklers
Zone station
Sprinkler system design (no. of sprinkler, location, net work)
Special sprinkler systems :( dry, pre action, deluge)
2-1-2 cabinet systems: (class: I, II, III);

2-1-3 hydrant system;
2-1-4 Siamese connection;
2-2 gaseous suppression system

2-2-1 Weight of gas cylinder;
2-2-2 sequence of operation;
2-3 fire extinguisher

2-3-1 class;
2-3-2 material;
2-3-3 design;
3- Fire fighting tank

4- Fire fighting pumps
Note that:
All tables which
needed, putted on the
final pages
5- fire fittings
Page 2
1- Fire science :
1-1 Fire safety
1-2 Fire alarm
:
fire rated wall
- fire , smoke,
temperature
: 30 min, 60min, 120min

escape staircase
*

inputs
controller
sensors
output
- types of sensors:
- smoke, heat , multi
detector
: FACP
Fire Alarm Control
Panel
1-3 Fire fighting

*
The Fire Triangle:
Three things must be
present at the same time to
produce fire:
1. Enough OXYGEN to sustain
combustion
2. Enough HEAT to reach ignition
temperature
3. Some FUEL or combustible
material
Together, they
produce the CHEMICAL
REACTION that is fire
Take away any of these
things and the fire will be
extinguished
NFPA:
National Fire Protection Association
Page 3
2- Fire fighting systems:
2-1 water suppression system:

2-1-1 sprinkler system:
2-1-1-a) Types of sprinklers:
Firstly:
According to concept of work
1- Glass bulb type
2- Fusible link type
glass bulb
sprinkler body
mercury
fusible link
" "
Deflector :
Page 4
Secondly:
According to direction of flow
1- Pendent
-direction of flow
down word
- fall ceiling is found
"
"
2- Upright
-direction of flow is up
word
- fall ceiling not found
" "
- fall ceiling is found:
When ceiling void >= 90 cm
"

" 90 =>
Pendent, upright, side wall
pendent, upright
3- side wall
-direction of flow is linear

pendent
& upright
:
"

"
side wall
Page 5
2-1-1-b) Zone control station: ZCS

ZCS
ZCS
Main line
ZCS
Discharge line
cross main
ZCS
Suction line
branches
ZCS
Riser
FF
tank
Pump
. *
* Zone
control station: ZCS consists of the following components:
1) OS&Y gate valve: outside screw & yoke . (Normally open)

Page 6
2) tamper switch:
OS&Y gate valve
Tamper switch
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3) Flow switch:
fire switch
" " switch
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
4) Check valve: none return valve
Page 7
5) Pressure gauge: 0.5: 12.1 bar
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
6) Pressure reducing valve: PRV

Where required
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7) Test & drain valve: normally closed

test flushing
* must be the lowest point in the net work
Page 8
Zone control station: ZCS
Beam
Test & drain
ZCS
External additional flushing connection
* must be the lowest point in the net work
Page 9
2-1-1-C) Sprinkler system design:

a) No. of sprinkler & its location
Steps:
1- Determine the space hazard; depend on space occupants
: NFPA 1- Light hazard
2- Ordinary hazard
3- extra hazard
Page 10
2- From NFPA tables ; according to hazard

We get four important notes which used in our design:
a) Maximum spacing between two sprinkler equal to (4.6 m)
b) Minimum spacing between two sprinkler equal to (1.8 m)
c) Maximum spacing between sprinkler & wall equal to (half of the
space between two sprinkler = (4.6\ 2) = (2.3 m)
d) Minimum spacing between sprinkler & wall equal to (4 = 10.2cm =
102mm)
3- Making distribution for sprinkler:
A) (length \ 4.6) =
B) (width \ 4.6) =
C) x, 2x ; y, 2y :

Page 11
:
( ) m 5 * m 10 :
10

=3
= )A) (length \ 4.6

(10 \ 4.6) = 2.2
( )3
width :D

=2
= )B) (width \ 4.6

(5 \ 4.6) = 1.1
)2(
Page 12
C) x, 2x ; y, 2y :
sprinkler :
2X X - :
Y
2X
2X
2Y
10 = X *
X = 1.6 m 6X = 10
5 = Y *
Y = 1.25m 4Y = 5
:
a) Maximum spacing between two sprinkler equal to (4.6 m)

b) Minimum spacing between two sprinkler equal to (1.8 m)
c) Maximum spacing between sprinkler & wall equal to (half of the
space between two sprinkler = (4.6\ 2) = (2.3 m)
d) Minimum spacing between sprinkler & wall equal to (4 = 10.2cm =
102mm)
Page 13
:
-:
Page 14
a) No. of sprinkler & its location

b) Net work sizing:
Steps:
1- Rooting:
( simple, symmetrical)
2- Sizing:
We get the sizing from pipe schedules which depend on (hazard, no.
of sprinkler)
Locke @ table (22.5.2.2.1 light hazard pipe schedule) , (22.5.3.4 ordinary hazard
pipe schedule) , (A.22.5.4 extra hazard pipe schedule) page 66 in this file.
:
22.5.2.2.1 Light hazard pipe schedule
Pipe sizing
1
1.25
No. of sprinkler
1, 2
3, 4
Page 15
net work sizing

: light
Design net work

: sizing
Page 16
: side wall sprinkler

Firstly lock @ table 8.7.2.2.1 page 67 for standard side wall sprinkler
Where:
S
4.25 =
3.75 =
:
Secondly lock @ table 8.9.2.2.1 page 67 for extended coverage side wall sprinkler
Where:
S
8.5 : 4.25 =>
" "3.75 =
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
8.5 S 8.5 ( .
)
Page 17
2-1-1-D) Special sprinkler systems:

1- Wet pipe system
2- Dry pipe system
- Zone station valve is normally open. - Zone station valve is normally open
but after it we put clapper arm to
- Normal condition: 0: 74 C; 1 bar.
prevent the water from crossing.
- Single acting system
(
)
fire -
: clapper arm zone station

.

compressed water
compressed air
clapper arm
Page 18
4- Deluge system
3- Pre action system
- Zone station valve is normally closed. - Zone station valve is normally closed.

SPK
. zone valve
SPK
( )
SPK Nozzle

- double acting system

:
1- Single knock:
2- Double knock:
( HD ) SD
Page 19
2-1-2 cabinet systems: (class: I, II, III);

- Manual
- Inside the building
:
1- Class I
- it called civil defense
cabinet
- D = 2.5 inch
- design condition:
* 250 GPM
* Mini. Pressure 6.9 bar
* Max. pressure 12.1 bar
note that:
- When P>12.1 bar;
pressure reducing valve
must used PRV.
2- Class II
- normal users
3- Class III
- fire hose station
-
- D = 1 inch or 1.5 inch

- design condition:
* 100 GPM
note that:
- When P>6.9 bar;
must used PRV.
- D = 1 inch and 2.5 inch

- design condition:
* 250 GPM
-note that:
- For 1 connection;
must used PRV.
- For 2.5 connection;
some levels must have
PRV when P>12.1 bar.
Page 20
- Design of cabinet system:

1- Travel distance:
* Standard length reel = 30 meter
Note that:
- 30 meter is a travel distance not across distance.
- Projector which composed on the reel spewing water through 6 meter
2- Guide location:
- Escape stair case
- Escape corridor
- @ car park in main inlet, main exit
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
-: - Poly line: reel
- List properties L I enter:
Page 21
2-1-2_ hydrant system:

- Infra net work
- Street fire hydrant
30
hydrant . 50 hydrant 2
- Location of hydrant: exposed
Page 22
2-1-3 Siamese connection;

ZCS
ZCS
Main line
ZCS
Discharge line
cross main
ZCS
Suction line
branches
ZCS
FF
tank
N
Pump
Check valve
Siamese connection
" : . "
- Siamese connection:* supply the system with water.
* connected on the pump discharge.
* check valve must be used with it;
.
Page 23
2.5 inch dry pipe Siamese : discharge
- Location of Siamese connection:

- exposed location
- note that; minimum 1 Siamese connection for the project.
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
:
.
Page 24
Deluge system
Page 25
3- Fire fighting tank design

3-1 tank capacity volume:
Volume = pump flow in GPM * required storage time in minute

Where:
- Pump flow
in GPM calculated
- required storage time

hazard
in minute depend on hazard
Light
required storage time in minute
30: 60 min
ordinary
60: 90 min
extra
90: 120 min
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3-2 tank connections & construction:

Important notes:
a) Same tank fire fighting & plumbing
b) Divide the tank in to two 2 equal partition.
Page 26
- Puddle flinch: -
puddle flinch -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Connection on tank
1234567-
Fire fighting suction pipe

Fire fighting test line
Filling lines
Over flow line
Drain line
Domestic suction pipe
Vent pipe
diameter
height
Fire fighting
Fire fighting
plumbing
plumbing
plumbing
plumbing
plumbing
25: 30 cm

cm "10 :5" +
Inside depression
Fire fighting storage hff = vff \ Atank
over flow
Page 27
Vent pipe:
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
- To avoid cavitations:
1- anti vortex plate 2D where D is suction pipe diameter.
2- The distance between anti vortex plate & depression = 6 inch=
150mm= 15cm.
- Other benefits of this distance are; turbulence , air bubbles
- Trench drain:
:
- Drainer pipe
- Over flow line
- Pump room water
plumbing
Page 28
Page 29
4- Fire fighting pumps

4-1 Fire fighting pumps:
1- Electrical
2- Stand by pump
pump
a) Diesel
b) electrical with
generator
It work when:
- Failure in elect. pump
- elect. Pump not enough for the
system demand.
3- Jockey pump

NFPA pressure main pump
stand by elect. jockey control panel -
Page 30
4-2 hydraulic calculation:

. jockey stand by elect. -
:
1- cabinet system only
a) Class II
2- sprinkler system only
3- combined system
b) Class I,III
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
4-2-1 cabinet system only:
a) Class II;
100 GPM; 4.5 bar: 6.9 bar
- flow calculation:
100 GPM class II -
- Head calculation:
Hp = Hst + Hres + Hf
Where:
- Hp
pump head
- Hst
static head
bar 10
- Hres
residual head bar 4.5 =
Page 31
- Hf
friction head
hazen-williams formula -
Pl = hf= (4.52 * . ) \ (. * . )
Where:
-Q
the flow in GPM = 100
-C
friction loss coefficient = 120; from table 22.4.4.7 hazen-williams C values page 67
-D
diameter of the pipe; from table 5-7 pipe schedule page 68

distance of pipe in inch GPM D -
inch 1 class II inch 4 -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Ex:
4, 100 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
2.5
2.5
2.5
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
100 GPM
100 GPM
100 GPM
100 GPM
68 5-7 sizing * . D GPM

D inch 1 class I inch 4 -
Page 32
: sections " diameter flow "
5
4
4, 100 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
2.5
2.5
2.5
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
100 GPM
100 GPM
100 GPM
100 GPM
: sr
1
2
3
4
5
section
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
GPM D
hf
Lpipe
100
2
100 2.5
100
4
100
1
Where:
Pl = hf= (4.52 * . ) \ (. * . )
Leq
From
Ltotal
Hf
Lpipe + Leq
hf * Ltotal
Table 6.4.3.1
page 68
Hf 1.1 Hf head Hp
Page 33
b) Class I ,III;
2.5 , 1 , 2.5
250 GPM; 6.9 bar: 12.1 bar
- flow calculation:
500 GPM = 2 Flow class III,I 250 GPM GPM 1250 Pump Flow .
1500 1250 Riser 5

.
250 GPM
250 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
1250 GPM
1250GPM
1000 GPM
750 GPM
500 GPM
Page 34
- Head calculation:
Where:
- Hp
pump head
- Hst
static head
bar 10
- Hres
- Hf
residual head bar 6.9 =

friction head
hazen-williams formula -
Pl = hf= (4.52 * . ) \ (. * . )
Where:
-Q
the flow in GPM
-C
friction loss coefficient = 120; from table 22.4.4.7 hazen-williams C values page 67
-D
diameter of the pipe; from table 5-7 pipe schedule page 68

distance of pipe in inch GPM D -
inch 2.5 class I,III inch 4 -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Page 35
Ex:
2.5
250 GPM
250 GPM
4, 500 GPM
250 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
250 GPM
250 GPM
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
1250 GPM
1000 GPM
750 GPM
500 GPM
68 5-7 sizing * . D GPM

D inch 2.5 class I,III inch 4 -
: sections " diameter flow "

4
Ex:
2.5
3
1
250 GPM
250 GPM
4, 500 GPM
250 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
250 GPM
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
1250 GPM
250 GPM
1000 GPM
750 GPM
500 GPM
Page 36
: sr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
section
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
GPM D
hf
Lpipe
1250 6
1000 6
750
5
500
4
250
4
250 2.5
Where:
Pl = hf= (4.52 * Q^1.85) \ (C^1.85 * D^4.86)
Leq
From
Ltotal
Hf
Lpipe + Leq
hf * Ltotal
Table 6.4.3.1
page 68
Hf 1.1 Hf head Hp
Page 37
4-2-2 Sprinkler system only:
Steps:
1- Most demand area:
" " NFPA demand
Hazard
Most demand Area

139 2 , 1500 ft 2
139 2 , 1500 ft 2
232 2 , 2500 ft 2
Light Hazard
Ordinary Hazard
Extra Hazard
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
2- Sprinkler density:
NFPA demand
Sprinkler density GPM\ 2
Hazard
Light Hazard
Ordinary Hazard
Extra Hazard
0.1
0.15: 0.2
0.3 : 0.4
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3- K factor; flow & pressure:
Q = K
5.65 = KSP FM UL Factory
mutual

Under writer laboratories uniform listed

:D
Page 38
Ex:
Required:
- make a complete design for the fire fighting pump which
serves a building; the most demand area is as shown.
Note that; the hazard is ordinary hazard.
NFPA
Page 39
Where:
Sp1 , qsp1 , psp1 : -

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
: X -
Pl1
losses
Most demand area
139
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Steps of the solution:

a) Location of most demand area
b)
c)
Most remote sprinkler
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
2
1- most demand area = 1500 ordinary hazard

2- from NFPA Chart = 0.15 GPM\ 2
3- Discharge of the most remote sprinkler:
1 = 1 *
Where:
Protection Area Limitations per Sprinkler
Protection Area Limitations per Sprinkler

Hazard
Light Hazard
Ordinary Hazard
Extra Hazard
Area ( )
Distance between sprinkler (m)
200
130
100
4.6
4.6
3.7
0.15 =
1 = 130 * 0.15 = 19.5 GPM = 1
Page 40
4- Calculate the pressure @ the most remote sprinkler:
1 = K
Where
sprinkler K factor 5.65

19.5 = 5.65
1 = 11.9
Note that:
- The minimum residual pressure for any sprinkler is 7 psi = 0.5 bar.
5- Calculate the friction losses per unit of pipe from the most
remote sprinkler to the adjacent sprinkler by using hazenwilliam formula.
4.52 Q 1.85
C 1.85 D 4.87
Where:
Frictional losses per unit feet psi\ feet

Coefficient of friction for the pipe material = 120 black steel
Diameter on inch from table.

Flow on GPM
Apply this formula for
. ..
= .
Page 41
6- Multiply friction losses per feet (
pl1
feet)* total length

(Pipe length + eq. length)
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7- Calculate the residual pressure on adjacent sp2
= 1 + 1 = 13.5 psi
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
8- Calculate the discharge @ this adjacent remote sprinkler
2 = k
2
= 5.65 13.5 = 20.7 psi
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
9- Calculate the discharge in this pipe section
2 = 1 + 2
2 = 40.2 GPM
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
10-
3 9 8 7 6 5
:
2 \\ 3 = ( 2 +2 ) \\ 3 \\ 3
11-
4 9 8 7 6 5
:
3 \\ 4 = ( 3 +3 ) \\ 4 \\ 4
Page 42
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
demand area branch -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Note that:
Sp5 will be ignored in the calculation as it isnt included in the most

demand area
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
4 =
12-
Multiply friction losses per feet (
4.52 Q 4 1.85
C 1.85 D 4.87
)* total length
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
SPK X - 13
= 4 + 4
= 4 = 3 + 4
14- Calculate K factor for the pipe
K=
=
Page 43
4.52 Q 4 1.85
5 =
15-
C 1.85 D 4.87
spk

)* total length
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
16-
py = px + pl5
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
17-
5 =
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
18-
6 = 5 + 4
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
4.52 Q 6 1.85
6 =
19-
C 1.85 D 4.87
)* total length
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
20-
pz = py + 6
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
21-
7 =
Page 44
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
22-
8 = 7 + 6
:
Pump flow ##
Page 45
- Head calculation:
Where:
- Hp
pump head
- Hst
static head
bar 10
- Hres
- Hf
residual head pz = demand area

friction head
Hf
demand area - 1
" diameter flow " section - 2
= 4 in
: sr
1
2
section
GPM
hf
Lpipe
Leq
Ltotal
Where:
Pl = hf= (4.52 * Q^1.85) \ (C^1.85 * D^4.86)
Hf
From
Lpipe + Leq
hf * Ltotal
Table 6.4.3.1
page 68
Hf 1.1 Hf head Hp
Page 46
4-2-3 combined system:
Steps:
A) Calculate the flow for cabinet system only.
B) Add for this flow :
1- Light hazard
2- Ordinary hazard
3- Extra hazard
GPM 150 -
GPM 500 -
C) Head calculation:
- calculate head for cabinet
- calculate head for sprinkler
*** take the larger
cabinet head %75 -
Riser = 6 in combined system -
Page 47
4-3 jockey pump calculation:

Head = + 1 bar
stand by elect. > jockey
Flowjockey = 5:20 GPM
Flowjockey = 1% system flow

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Hp =
Horse power

3960
0 .65
Page 48
4-4 pumps hock up:

1- Two(2) isolating valve OS&Y gate valve with tamper
switch ; jockey not need OS&Y
2- Check valve
3- Pressure gage
4- Flow meter
5- Eccentric reducer
6- Automatic air vent AAV
7- Two(2) flexible connection to prevent vibration
8- Floating floor spring cap, rubber pad
9- Flow switch ; jockey not need it
(6)
Pump
(1)
(8)
(7)
(3)
(2) (9)
(4)
(1)
Page 49
For site engineer

5- Fire fighting fittings
5-1 Material takes off
1- Deign package
2- Construction
Design drawing
BOQ pumps, pipes
, spk, co2 or fm200 system,
cabinet
Specs specification
Cost estimation
Requesting order
Pipes fittings, hangar
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
5-2 Fittings:
123-
threaded fittings
weld fittings
grooved fittings
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Page 50
5-2-3 Grooved fittings:

: -
5-2-3-1 end grooved fittings

(Elbow, Tee, Reducer)
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
5-2-3-2 coupling
:
a) rigid
coupling
b) flexible

" "
rigid flexible coupling % 10

coupling **
reducer coupling -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
5-2-3-3 mechanical Tee
:
a) one branch configuration (grooved or threaded)

b) cross branch (2grooved or 2threaded or grooved threaded)
Page 51
Page 52
Ex:
fittings
Page 53
:
1- grooved Tee 4 * 2.5 * 4
2- two(2) rigid coupling 4
3- one(1) rigid coupling 2.5
4- grooved elbow 2.5
5- two(2) rigid coupling (RC) 2.5
reducer
1- grooved Tee 4 * 3 * 4
2- reducer 4 * 2.5
3- one(1) rigid coupling 2.5
4- one(1) rigid coupling 4
5- one(1) rigid coupling 3
6- grooved elbow 3
7- two(2) rigid coupling (RC) 3
Note that:
mechanical Tee
NFPA main mechanical Tee
Page 54
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
RN: riser nipple 10 = ~
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Page 55
Page 56
Ex:
mechanical Tee
fittings
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Note that:
* Pipe schedule:
4 sch 40 40 "4
**
Schedule
pipe thickness
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

** groove
a) roll groove
b) cut groove
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
*** Diameters:
Pipe diameter
thickness
stress
Page 57
Fittings:
1- Threaded
2- Weld
3- Grooved (roll groove or cut groove)
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
From NFPA for fittings we get:

1- Threaded & cut groove
2- Weld & roll groove
Sch40 " 8 < D -
Sch10 " 5 D -
Sch30 " 8 > D -
NFPA "5 > D
For pipes: 1 , 114 " , 112 " , 2

threaded sch40
For pipes: 212 weld roll groove sch10
Page 58

2-2 Fire extinguishers fire ext.
2-2-1 Type of fire ext. Class of fire
2-2-2 Location of fire ext.
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
2-2-1 Type of fire ext. Class of fire

Class A
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class K
Surface fire
:
Wood paper
clothes
Fire in
combustible
material in
liquid
material
Fire in
energized elect
Equipment

Fire in
combustible
material in
solid state
Fire in cooking
media
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
2-2-2 Location of fire ext.
* Travel distance
30 m
** Guide location:
- escape stair case
- escape corridor

Page 59
electro galvanized sheet *

:
Hot deep galvanized
Electro static
" "
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
** Type of fire ext. according to its shape:
Portable
" "
wheeled
automatic matic
Matic
Sprinkle
r
Page 60
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher

Its easy to remember how to use a fire extinguisher if
you remember the acronym PASS:
Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep
Aim
Page 61
2-3 Gaseous system:

General note:
1- Gaseous system; Special system in case water system no applicable.
Such as:
Electrical room, severe room, IT room

Banks document rooms,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
2- Concept:
Inert gas 2 2 , 200
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3- design:
a) Weight of required gas. not volume
b) Sequence of operation.
..
A) Weight of required gas. not volume
It depends on:
- Volume of space
- Temperature of space
- Type of fire
Page 62
Steps:
1- Calculate the volume of the space.
Volume = length * width * height
W=v*f
2-
Where:
W
required gas weight ( kg or lb )
volume of space
flooding factor
( 3 or 3 )
or 3 )
It passed on:
- Type of gas
- Type of fire
- Type of gas
By
table 1
, concentration factor

- Type of fire
C
By
table 2
F = 0.0341
Temp. Of space 70 , 22
Page 63
Table 1:
Table 2:
Page 64
b) Sequence of operation:
1- Detectors sends signal to FACP

2- Signal from FACP to motor in solenoid:a) Gives signal to output to alarm (fire strop)

) non manual stopping manual stopping (
.b non manual stopping
b) Sends signal to close the door

holder magnetic door
c) Sends signal to compressor

d) Sends signal to solenoid valve to start releasing the gas.
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
* Standard weight for 2 is 45 kg
** For Fm200 no standard
Page 65
weight
Plumbing Works Calculations
Page 66
Page 67
Page 68
Page 69
Page 70
Fire alarm system

:
Inputs
Processing
outputs
1-Input:
1-1 automatic :
1-1-a) smoke detector (SD)
1-1-b) heat detector (HD)
1-1-c) gas detector (GD)
1-1-d) carbon monoxide detector (CD)
1-1-e) duct smoke detector (DS)
1-1-f) beam detector (S,R)
1-2 Manual:
- Manual pull station, break glass, call point
2-Data processing:
- FACP (fire alarm control panel)
3-Out put :
3-1 Bell
3-2 serine
3-3 horn
3-4 strobes light
3-5 flusher
Page 71
1-Input:
1-1 automatic :
)1-1-a) smoke detector (SD

:
- 1 ionized smoke
detector .
- 2
optical detector
photo electric detector
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
average area
7.5 .,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
: detector 7.5 detector

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
detector ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
corridor 10 15 ( )7.5+7.5 over lap

10
Page 72
)1-1-b) heat detector (HD

:
1- Fixed temp.

.
2- Rate of rise:
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
5 corridor 8 10 ) )5+5 over lap

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
)1-1-c) gas detector (GD

valves -
5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
)1-1-d) carbon monoxide detector (CD

fan fresh air exhaust .
5 8 10 ) )5+5 .over lap
Page 73
1-1-e) duct smoke detector (DS)

supply duct
duct -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
1-1-f) beam detector (S,R)
receiver receiver transmitter sender . sender
100 50 R T .
. 7 T,R T,R -
IR
7m
7m
IR
Page 74
flame detector **
) (
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
1-2 Manual:
- Manual pull station, break glass, call point
. 1.20 . 40 =
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
** wet area, stair, outdoors; not have alarm
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Page 75
Page 76
2- Output:
3-1 Bell:
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3-2 serine
90 db
60 db -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3-3 horn
120 db : outdoors
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3-4 strobes light:
3-6 flusher :
2.20
manual input
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3- Data processing:
- FACP (fire alarm control panel)
: FACP (Monitor, PCB, Battery)
- Monitor:
- PCB: electronic devices
fire alarm - Battery
Page 77
controller :
- Conventional type:
50

zones zone zone .
Page 78
- addressable type :

monitor address address
micro processor
. closed loop addressable
closed loop . micro processor
Page 79
:
branch : loop element 100 : loop ) 24 20 16 12 8 4 2 1 ( loops element : riser diagram fault isolator element 15 riser diagram *
. element riser diagram element
S: smoke detector
H: heat detector
FS: flow switch
TS: tamper switch "
G: generator
TR,RC: Beam detector
L: elevator
DS: duct smoke detector
Note that:
- Fire alarm system
DC 24 Volt
- Fire alarm electrical cable is red & black

- Fire alarm electrical cable is fire resistant cable for 3hr, it 2 * 2.52 , shielded
Page 80
***Shop drawing***
Fire fighting drawings
1- Design drawing
2- Shop drawing

- level
- dimensions
- supports
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
1- Design drawing
* Steps:
: -1
* Delete for any not required data
color 8 **
one block ***
**** Closed layer
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
: - 2
* Main fire fighting network from FF tank & FF pump room
. Fire

,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3- For each level:

*Sprinkler design
Single line net work SPK

** Cabinet system design
LI
Enter
: one block ***
enter block
Page 81
Design drawing SPK : cad

**
- 1
- 2 CadLinear Dimension
- 3 4.6
- 4 .
- 5 * 2 X
Cad Diversion DivEnter
- 6
- 7Select object
- 8
- 9 XEnter
- 10
- 11
- 12
- 13
move
Spk
- 14
- 15
div
- 16
main
Page 82
2- Shop drawing
double single line - 1
Dimensions - 2
Walls, columns, Axes
"Pipe Levels - 3
*
** Level depend on:
- F.C.H+ 75mm
- Main pipe = F.C.H+ 100mm
- Branch pipe =main + 100mm
Support -4
:Material takes off -5

Lock @:
- Shop drawing LC 306
- Shop drawing, Fire Fitting, fitting, 01
Page 83

Fire Fighting 2015

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Fire Fighting Course

Eng. Hossam ELdin Samir

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

Fire Fighting Course

2- Fire fighting systems:

2-1-2 cabinet systems: (class: I, II, III);

2-2 gaseous suppression system

2-3 fire extinguisher

3- Fire fighting tank

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

1-2 Fire alarm

1-3 Fire fighting

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

2- Fire fighting systems:

2-1 water suppression system:

1- Glass bulb type

2- Fusible link type

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

Pendent, upright, side wall

-direction of flow is linear

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

2-1-1-b) Zone control station: ZCS

control station: ZCS consists of the following components:

1) OS&Y gate valve: outside screw & yoke . (Normally open)

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

4) Check valve: none return valve

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

5) Pressure gauge: 0.5: 12.1 bar

6) Pressure reducing valve: PRV

7) Test & drain valve: normally closed

* must be the lowest point in the net work

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

Zone control station: ZCS

Test & drain

* must be the lowest point in the net work

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

2-1-1-C) Sprinkler system design:

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

2- From NFPA tables ; according to hazard

3- Making distribution for sprinkler:

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

= )A) (length \ 4.6

= )B) (width \ 4.6

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

a) Maximum spacing between two sprinkler equal to (4.6 m)

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

Fire fighting course

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir

a) No. of sprinkler & its location

Fire fighting course

Prepared by \ eng.hosam eldin samir