Duniawale

Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru was born on November 14, 1889, in Allahabad, India. In 1919, he joined the Indian
National Congress and joined Indian Nationalist leader Mahatma Gandhis independence movement.
In 1947, Pakistan was created as a new, independent country for Muslims. The British withdrew and
Nehru became independent Indias first prime minister. He died on May 27, 1964, in New Delhi,
India.
Jawaharlal Nehru was born in Allahabad, India in 1889. His father was a renowned lawyer and one of
Mahatma Gandhi's notable lieutenants. A series of English governesses and tutors educated Nehru
at home until he was 16. He continued his education in England, first at the Harrow School and then
at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he earned an honors degree in natural science. He later studied
law at the Inner Temple in London before returning home to India in 1912 and practicing law for
several years. Four years later, Nehru married Kamala Kaul; their only child, Indira Priyadarshini, was
born in 1917. Like her father, Indira would later serve as president of India under her married name:
Indira Gandhi. A family of high achievers, one of Nehru's sisters, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, later became
the first woman president of the UN General Assembly.

Political Entry of nehru

In 1919, while traveling on a train, Nehru overheard British Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer inhale
the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. The massacre, alias the Massacre of Amritsar, was an incident
everywhere 379 people were killed and at least 1,200 wounded when the British military stationed
there continuously fired for ten minutes on a crowd of unarmed Indians. Upon hearing Dyers words,
Nehru vowed fight the British. The incident changed the course of his life.
This period in Indian history was marked by a wave of nationalist activity and governmental
repression. Nehru joined the Indian National Congress, one of India's two major political parties.
Nehru was deeply influenced all party's leader, Mahatma Gandhi. It was Gandhi's insistence on
action to stir change and greater autonomy from the British that sparked Nehru's interest the most.
The British didn't ease up on easily to Indian demands for freedom, and in late 1921, the Congress
Party's central leaders and workers were banned from operating in some provinces. Nehru went to
prison for the first time as the ban took effect; over the next 24 years he was to serve a total of nine
sentences, assemble to more than nine years in jail. Always bend the left politically, Nehru studied
Marxism while imprisoned. Though he found himself interested in the philosophy but repelled by
some of its methods, consequently the backdrop of Nehru's economic thinking was Marxist,
adjusted as necessary to Indian conditions.

Marching Toward Indian Independence

In 1928, after years of peg away behalf of Indian emancipation, Jawaharlal Nehru was named
president of the Indian National Congress. (In fact, hoping that Nehru would attract India's youth to

the party, Mahatma Gandhi had engineered Nehru's rise.) The next year, Nehru led the historic
session at Lahore that proclaimed complete independence as India's political goal. November 1930
saw the start of the council Conferences, which convened in London and hosted British and Indian
officials leaning a plan of eventual independence.
After his father's death in 1931, Nehru became more embedded in the workings of the Congress
Party and became closer to Gandhi, attending the signing of the Gandhi-Irwin pact. Signed in March
1931 by Gandhi and the British viceroy Lord Irwin, the pact declared a truce between the British and
India's independence movement. The British agreed to mutual political prisoners and Gandhi agreed
perfectly the protest march movement he had been coordinating for years.
Unfortunately, the pact did not instantly attend a peaceful climate in British-controlled India, and
both Nehru and Gandhi were jailed in early 1932 on charges of attempting to mount another protest
movement. Neither man attended the third council Conference. (Gandhi was jailed again his return
as the sole Indian representative attending the second council Conference.) The third and final
conference did, however, sire the Government of India Act of 1935, giving the Indian provinces a
system of autonomous government everywhere elections would be maintain name provincial
leaders. By crossroad the 1935 act was signed into law, Indians began to see Nehru as natural heir to
Gandhi, who didnt designate Nehru as his political successor until the early 1940s. Gandhi said in
January 1941, "[Jawaharlal Nehru and I] had differences from contingency we became co-workers
and yet I have said for some years and say so over ... Jawaharlal will be my successor."

Gandhi
This is the statement written by a German-born theoretical physicist and a 1921 Nobel prize winner
in the field of Physics, Mr. Albert Einstein on the occasion of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhis 70th
birthday in 1939. So truly said every finest scientist that the world has produced for the finest
Leader that once walked on this Earth. On January 30th, 2012 lets remember this great soul,
Mahatma who taught the world that you can always conquer bad with good, & violence with nonviolence.

A true human and a perfect Hindu followed the path of Bhakti Yoga, Jyan Yoga and Karma Yoga.
Freedom fighters of the world like Martin Luther King Jr of USA, Nelson Mandela of South Africa
followed his path of non-violence for their civil right movements. As the writer about song says,
lekin jo phaani duniya mein amar kahaane aate hai
woh kab maya moh mein phanskar apna samaa ganwaate hain
Gandhiji, being a true Karma Yogi, never reinforce any name or fame.
Lets observe Our Bapu by following his path of virtue, truth and non-violence. Few quotes by him-

There are many causes that I am prepared to fancy but no cause that I am prepared to kill for.
Nonviolence is the first article of my faith. It is also the last article of my creed.

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