Stage of Life

Social

Physical

Emotional

Infancy
-the state or
period of early
childhood or
babyhood.
-Birth to Age
Three

- Give warm
smiles and laughs
- Recognize faces
- Cry when upset
and seek comfort
- Show excitement
by waving arms
and legs
- Notice a
difference between
two people based
on the way they
look, sound, or feel
- Smile at herself
in the mirror
- Enjoy looking at
other babies
- Pay attention to
her own name
- Laugh aloud

-Rapid physical
growth
-Great expansion of
the head and chest
-development of the
brain, heart, and
lungs
-The bones, which
are relatively soft at
birth, begin to
harden, and the
fontanelles, the soft
parts of the
newborn skull,
begin to calcify, the
small one at the
back of the head at
about 3 months
-Brain weight also
increases rapidly
during infancy

-Makes eye contact

-Cries for help
-Responds to
parents' smiles and
voices
-Begins to develop
a social smile
-Enjoys playing
with other people
and may cry when
play stops
-Prefers looking at
people rather than
objects
-Studies faces
-Gurgles and coos
in response to
sounds around her
-First begins to
express anger

Childhood
-the state of
being a child.

-Develop
relationships
-Master the ability
to initiate,
discover, play-and
learn
-Develop
persistence and
attention
-Self-regulate their
behaviour
-Develop
emotional range

-Gross motor skills

involve the
coordination and
control of large
muscles and skills
like walking, sitting
and running.
-Fine motor skills (or
manipulation)
involve the
coordination and
control of small
muscles, and skills
like holding a rattle,
picking up crumbs
and scribbling with
a pencil.
-Vision is the ability
to see near and far,
and to interpret
whats seen.
Hearing is the
ability to hear,
listen to and
interpret sounds,
whereas speech is
the ability to

-Shows pleasure
when familiar
adults are nearby.
Has developed
close attachments
with parents and
other frequent
caregivers; uses
these relationships
as a secure base to
explore (e.g., digs
in the sandbox but
runs back to dad
for a cuddle from
time to time).
-Knows own name.
Uses "my" and
"me" often, and
with pride (e.g.,
says, "MY mama!").
Shows beginning
signs of selfconsciousness
(e.g., hides behind
a chair and looks
ashamed after
breaking an

Adolescence
-Age when
puberty starts.
-Starts in age
13

-Rise of SelfEsteem
-Peer-Pressure
-Tobacco, Drugs,
Alcohol
-Sex
-Tattoos & Piercings
-Depression

produce sounds
that form words.
Language is
something different
again, but also
important.
-Emotional and
social behaviour
and understanding
is your childs
ability to learn and
interact with others,
including skills for
play and
communicating with
other people and
children.

ornament).
-Is keenly
observant of
others' emotional
reactions. Checks
parent's facial
expressions (e.g.,
considers climbing
up a ladder at the
playground, but
first looks back at
mother's face for
encouragement or
warning).
-Experiences a
wide range of
emotions (e.g.,
affection,
frustration, fear,
anger, sadness).
Tends to express
and act on
impulses; has
tantrums when
tired or frustrated.
With adult help,
begins to use
strategies to
control emotional
expression (e.g.,
goes to get teddy
bear or another
comfort object
when upset so he
or she can calm
down).

For Girls:
-breast
development
-changes in body
shape and height
-growth of pubic
and body hair
-the start of
periods (menstruati
on).
For Boys:
-growth of the penis
and testes

-shows strong
feelings and
intense emotions
at different times.
Moods might seem
unpredictable.
These emotional
ups and downs can
lead to increased
conflict. Your
childs brain is still
learning how to
control and express

Adulthood
-Starts age 1865

- People are
spending more
time in the

(testicles)
-changes in body
shape and height
-erections with
ejaculation
-growth of body and
facial hair
-changes to voice.

emotions in a
grown-up way
-is more sensitive
to your emotions:
young people get
better at reading
and processing
other peoples
emotions as they
get older. While
theyre developing
these skills, they
can sometimes
misread facial
expressions or
body language
-is more selfconscious,
especially about
physical
appearance and
changes. Teenage
self-esteem is often
affected by
appearance or by
how teenagers
think they look. As
they develop,
children might
compare their
bodies with those
of friends and
peers
-goes through a
bulletproof stage
of thinking and
acting as if nothing
bad could happen
to him. Your childs
decision-making
skills are still
developing, and
your child is still
learning about the
consequences of
actions.

-Adults experiences
age-related
changes based on

- There are many

social and
emotional factors

educational
system, taking a
longer time to
complete their
education.
- Instead of
getting married
and having
children in their
teens or early
twenties, men and
women are on
average waiting
longer to begin
their families.
- Increasing
numbers of people
are choosing to
remain single
and/or childless.
More women are
working outside
the home, and
more men are
becoming involved
in taking care of
children in the
home.
-Older children are
more likely to
return to live with
their parents.

many factors:
biological factors
such as molecular
and cellular
changes are called
primary aging,
while aging that
occurs due to
controllable factors,
such as lack of
physical exercise
and poor diet, is
called secondary
aging.
-In early adulthood
(ages 2040), our
physical abilities are
at their peak,
including muscle
strength, reaction
time, sensory
abilities, and
cardiac functioning.
-The aging process
also begins during
early adulthood and
is characterized by
changes in skin,
vision, and
reproductive
capability.
-Aging speeds up
during middle
adulthood (ages 40
65) and is
characterized by
decline in vision,
hearing, and
immune-system
functioning, as well
as the end of
reproductive
capability for
women, known as
menopause.

that influence
aging. For those in
early and middle
adulthood,
meaning is often
found through work
and family life
-intimacy vs.
isolation is a stage
of psychosocial
development in
which people face
the crisis of being
alone versus being
involved in
meaningful
relationships.
-Positive
relationships with
significant others in
our adult years
have been found to
contribute to a
state of well-being.
- stage of
generativity vs.
stagnation revolves
around a person's
sense of their
contribution to the
world.
-Central tasks
during middle
adulthood can
include maintaining
healthy life
patterns, raising
children or in some
way helping future
generations, being
proud of one's
accomplishments,
or taking care of
aging parents.