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    Grammar - Conditional Sentences

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    migang
    This document summarizes the structure of conditional sentences in Classical Greek based on time and verb form. It outlines the different forms the protasis (if-clause) and apodosis (then-clause) can take depending on whether the conditional refers to present, past, future, general, real or unreal situations. For example, for a present general conditional, the protasis uses "eva.n" with the subjunctive and the apodosis uses the present indicative. For a future unreal conditional, the protasis uses "eiv" with the optative and the apodosis also uses the optative with "a;n".

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    Grammar - Conditional Sentences

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    migang
    12 views1 page
    This document summarizes the structure of conditional sentences in Classical Greek based on time and verb form. It outlines the different forms the protasis (if-clause) and apodosis (then-clause) can take depending on whether the conditional refers to present, past, future, general, real or unreal situations. For example, for a present general conditional, the protasis uses "eva.n" with the subjunctive and the apodosis uses the present indicative. For a future unreal conditional, the protasis uses "eiv" with the optative and the apodosis also uses the optative with "a;n".

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    oraciones condicionales griego

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    This document summarizes the structure of conditional sentences in Classical Greek based on time and verb form. It outlines the different forms the protasis (if-clause) and apodosis (then-clause) can take depending on whether the conditional refers to present, past, future, general, real or unreal situations. For example, for a present general conditional, the protasis uses "eva.n" with the subjunctive and the apodosis uses the present indicative. For a future unreal conditional, the protasis uses "eiv" with the optative and the apodosis also uses the optative with "a;n".

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    12 views1 page

    Grammar - Conditional Sentences

    Uploaded by

    migang
    This document summarizes the structure of conditional sentences in Classical Greek based on time and verb form. It outlines the different forms the protasis (if-clause) and apodosis (then-clause) can take depending on whether the conditional refers to present, past, future, general, real or unreal situations. For example, for a present general conditional, the protasis uses "eva.n" with the subjunctive and the apodosis uses the present indicative. For a future unreal conditional, the protasis uses "eiv" with the optative and the apodosis also uses the optative with "a;n".

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    CONDITIONAL SENTENCES in CLASSICAL GREEK

    (from Strugnell and Robinsons guide to Smyths Greek Grammar for Colleges)
    TIME & FORM
    PRESENT
    SIMPLE

    PROTASIS
    eiv with present OR perfect indicative

    eiv dida,skei tou/to(


    If he is teaching this,

    eva,n with subjunctive


    PRESENT
    GENERAL

    eva.n dida,xh| tou/to(


    If he (ever) teaches this,
    eiv with imperfect indicative

    PRESENT
    UNREAL

    they would be hearing him.

    eiv evdi,daxe tou/to(

    eiv dida,skoi tou/to(


    If he (ever) taught this,
    eiv with imperf OR aorist OR pluperf

    they heard him.


    imperfect indicative (or equivalent)

    h;kouon auvtou/)
    they (always) heard him.
    imperf OR aorist OR pluperf indic (or
    equivalent) with a;n

    h;kousan a'n auvtou/)


    they would have heard him.

    eiv dida,xei tou/to(


    If he will teach this,

    eva,n dida,xh| tou/to(


    If he (ever) teaches this,
    eiv with optative

    FUTURE
    UNREAL

    h;kousan auvtou/)

    If he had taught this,

    eva,n with subjunctive


    FUTURE
    GENERAL

    imperf OR aorist OR pluperf indic (or


    equivalent)

    eiv evdi,daxe tou/to(

    eiv with future indicative


    FUTURE
    SIMPLE

    avkou,ousin auvtou/)
    they (always) hear him.
    imperfect indicative with a;n

    If he were teaching this,

    eiv with optative

    PAST
    UNREAL

    they are hearing him.


    present indicative (or equivalent)

    h;kouon a'n auvtou/)

    If he taught this,
    PAST
    GENERAL

    avkou,ousin auvtou/)

    eiv evdi,daskei tou/to(

    eiv with imperf OR aorist OR pluperf


    PAST
    SIMPLE

    APODOSIS
    pres OR perf indic (or equivalent)

    future indicative (or equivalent)

    avkou,sontai auvtou/)
    they will hear him.
    future indicative (or equivalent)

    avkou,sontai auvtou/)
    they will (always) hear him.
    optative with a;n

    eiv dida,skoi tou/to(

    avkou,oien a'n auvtou/)

    If he should teach this,

    they would hear him.

    NB: The verb avkou,w takes a direct object in the genitive, and it is deponent in the future tense.

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