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«Μελέτη Εξειδίκευσης Σχεδίου Ανάπτυξης Οικοτουρισμού (Προώθηση, Διαδρομές, Υπηρεσίες) Και Ενεργειών Διαχείρισης Επισκεπτών Και Περιβάλλοντος»
«Μελέτη Εξειδίκευσης Σχεδίου Ανάπτυξης Οικοτουρισμού (Προώθηση, Διαδρομές, Υπηρεσίες) Και Ενεργειών Διαχείρισης Επισκεπτών Και Περιβάλλοντος»
«Μελέτη Εξειδίκευσης Σχεδίου Ανάπτυξης Οικοτουρισμού (Προώθηση, Διαδρομές, Υπηρεσίες) Και Ενεργειών Διαχείρισης Επισκεπτών Και Περιβάλλοντος»
............................................................................................................... 5
................................................................................................................. 6
1. ..................................................................................... 7
2. .................................................................................................... 8
3. .............................................................................. 10
4. ................................................................ 11
.................................................................................................................11
4.1. .....................................................................11
4.2. ..............................................................................12
4.3. ...............................................................................13
4.4. ....................................15
4.5. ............................................................................................16
4.6 .............................................................................17
4.6. .............................................................................19
4.7. .........................................21
5.
. ................................................................................................................ 21
5.1 1 ..............................................................21
5.1.1 ....................................................................................................21
5.1.2 ...................................................................................................23
5.1.3 ....................................................................................25
5.1.4 .................................................................................26
5.1.5 ..................................................................................................26
5.2 1 ......................................................................27
5.2.1 ....................................................................................................27
5.2.2 ...................................................................................................28
5.2.3 ....................................................................................28
5.2.4 .................................................................................29
5.2.5 ..................................................................................................29
5.3 1 ..........................................................................30
5.3.1 ....................................................................................................30
5.3.2 .......................................................................................................32
5.3.3 ....................................................................................32
5.3.4 .................................................................................33
5.3.5 ..................................................................................................33
5.4 2 ..................................................................34
5.4.1 ....................................................................................................34
5.4.2 ...................................................................................................37
5.4.3 ....................................................................................38
5.4.4 .................................................................................39
5.4.5 ..................................................................................................39
5.5. .. . -2 (, , ,
, ).......................................................................................40
5.5.1 ....................................................................................................40
5.5.2 ...................................................................................................41
2
07
5.5.3 ....................................................................................41
5.5.4 .................................................................................42
5.5.5 ..................................................................................................42
5.6. - 3 (. , ,
, . , , )
..................................................................................................................................42
5.6.1 ....................................................................................................42
5.6.2 ...................................................................................................44
5.6.3 ....................................................................................45
5.6.4 .................................................................................46
5.6.5 ..................................................................................................46
5.7 . - 4 .................47
5.7.1. ....................................................................................................47
5.7.2. ..................................................................................................49
5.7.3 ....................................................................................49
5.7.4 .................................................................................49
5.7.5 ..................................................................................................49
5.8 - 5 ...................................................................50
5.8.1 ....................................................................................................50
5.8.2 ...................................................................................................52
5.8.3 ....................................................................................52
5.8.4 .................................................................................53
5.8.5 ..................................................................................................53
5.9. -5 .............................................................................53
5.9.1 ....................................................................................................53
5.9.2 ...................................................................................................55
5.9.3 ....................................................................................56
5.9.4 .................................................................................56
5.9.5 ..................................................................................................56
6. ................................................................................................ 57
7. ............................................................................................... 64
7.1. .........................................................................64
7.2. ............................................................................68
8. S.W.O.T............................................................................................. 74
07
9.1. - .................................................98
9.2. .............................................................................99
9.3. ..........................................................................100
9.4. ................................104
9.5. ......................................................117
10. ................................. 130
10.1 ..............................................131
10.1.1. .................................131
10.1.2. ...................................132
10.1.3. .................................................................133
10.1.4. .............................................................................................134
10.1.5. ...............................................................................................135
11. ........................................................................................... 137
..................................................................................................... 138
.............................................................................................142
1. Calendar ...................................................................142
2. ........................................................................................145
3. / ............................................146
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61
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45% , 35% 20%
,
.
69
07
/
6%
11%
8%
49%
26%
48%, 23%
(17%) (6%). ,
(5,5%), (5%), (3%),
(3%), (1%) (1%). 8%
4%, (2%) .
8%
21%
48%
23%
78%,
. 4
,
.
70
07
3%
8%
31%
11%
1
2
3
4-6
6
47%
,
, .
,
.
, ,
.
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
(High season)
.
71
07
.
,
,
.
7%
1 /
10%
2 /
50%
3-5 /
5 /
33%
33%
2 ,
.
3 (17%)
.
7%
25%
68%
72
07
( 68%),
25% ,
,
.
,
: 25 50 ,
,
. ,
,
, , ,
.
,
Cluster,
( ,
,
, ).
,
,
( 75%
). ,
,
.
73
07
8. S.W.O.T.
S.W.O.T. analysis,
(Strengths) (Weaknesses)
(Opportunities) (Threats) .
.(KLIJN
J.A., 1999).
S.W.O.T
,
,
.
8.1 SWOT
8.1.1
.
,
,
,
1 .
, , , , ,
, , rafting, , , , moto cross,
mountain bike, 44.
. .
.
,
,
,
.
74
07
,
.
.
,
,
.
() ,
.
. ,
,
,
.
75
07
(
)
(170 ,
)
( )
(Leader, Interreg, , )
- (
)
-
-
-
- -
(
)
- ( 2
)
-
- ( -
, . , ,
5 , )
-
- /
(,
- 2 )
-
- .. ()
- 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 15
114 ,
(, ,
, , )
.
-
-
-
(, ,
)
()
.
.
.
-
-
(
)
-
-
( ,
)
76
07
,
Interreg III
8.1.2
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
.
, ,
, .
.
,
. ,
,
.
77
07
. ,
,
.
,
, ,
, ,
,
.
-
-
- .
- (
)
-
- (
)
.
-
-
78
07
8.1.3
,
, ,
. ,
, .
, .
,
.
.
,
56
. ,
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
79
07
(
) (
)
(
, , )
- ,
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- ,
.
-
- (
,
55, )
(21%)
80
07
-
-
-
- , .
,
-
()
-
( . )
(, ,
, , , )
8.1.4
,
,
.
,
, , .
,
. ,
,
, ( )
.
81
07
,
, ,
,
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
. ,
.
,
.
sites, .
,
(mountain bike) 4x4,
.
82
07
( )
.
-
-
-
-
- -
6
(, )
/
()
(, , , ,
. , ,
)
( ,
, )
( 2
)
(
, )
(, )
.
83
07
8.1.5
.
, 40cm
.
,
.
4x4.
-
.
-
.
,
,
. , ,
, ,
.
.
.
.
3.000 .
. .
84
07
, . ,
,
.
.
3 4 .
,
.
.
.
,
/
.
.
, .
..
.
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
85
07
- ( )
-
-
-
- ( , )
6 ( .
. , . ,
, )
(, , )
(400
)
-
-
-
,
)
(
)
6
.
8.1.6
. ,
, ,
.
.
,
86
07
.
4x4.
.
,
, ,
.
,
.
.
,
.
87
07
-
-
-
-
-
- 3
-
-
-
-
- 7 2 5x5
- Badminton
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 2
(,
, , )
- (,
, )
-
-
-
-
-
(
)
88
07
8.1.7
.
,
,
.
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
.
. .
, .
,
.
,
, ,
.
89
07
, (, , )
( , )
,
, .
(
)
- 2 5
-
-
.
- . ( )
-
- 3
- .
- . ,
,
( 3
)
90
07
8.2
:
.
,
()
.
.
, (
)
(,
, , ..).
, ,
,
.
. ,
. ,
, , ,
,
.
,
, .
, ,
91
07
( , , ,
, , , , ).
, ,
, ,
.
, .
,
S.W.O.T. .
.
.
:
.
.
().
92
07
, .
, ,
.
.
.
, ,
, .
.
.
(, ), (,
, )
.
,
.
,
.
93
07
(
) .
,
,
,
( ), .
, .
,
.
,
, ,
.
,
.
94
07
)
.
:
.
, (
, ) ,
.
, ,
,
tour operators.
.
, .
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
,
95
07
,
.
, ,
, .).
(,
, )
96
07
tour operators
.
.
,
, .
.
.
.
.
97
07
9. H
9.1. -
.
.
.
,
GREECE: The
True Experience,
(. .1 ). ,
.
, ,
.
,
.
(
) .
.
98
07
9.2.
)
.
)calendar . )
. calendar ,
.
.
,
,
.
.
,
,
.
calendar:
3,6,10,11,14,15,17,19,25,26,34,36,38,44,46,47,62,64
(.
calendar
).
,
. 14 15
,
.
46
.
.
10
99
07
, .
,
.
,
.
(voluntourism)
,
.
.
,
.
, . (. 4).
,
,
.
9.2.:
1.
/ Virgin Trail to
Exploration
- - - -
-- - -
- -
- -
2. - / By
Nestos Canals
- - -
3. /
Adventure Trail
- -
4.
Road
Cave
5. / Return
to Nature
- -
6. /
Leisure Trail
- -
9.3.
1)
2)
3) .
100
07
4) marketing,
.
, calendar
.
, , ,
9.2.. ,
calendar
. sites
9.2..
9.2.
sites
www.ecotourism.org
www.itsagreenworld.com
www.besst.org
www.adventurecompany.co.uk
www.unicorntrails.com
www.responsibletravel.com
www.guestinn.com
www.greek-ecotourism.gr
www.ecotour.gr
www.agrotour.gr
www.agrotravel.gr
www.ruralinvest.gr
www.greentraveller.co.uk/
www.greenstore.eu
GEO
Project ,
6
..
ecolabel
marketing
)
, )
)
.
101
07
.
marketing , ,
target group .
2005 (51%)
, 82%
(http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/product/pg_tourism_en.htm).
, .
9.2..
.
9.2.
EMAS
ISO 14001
Green Globe
21
Nature and
Ecotourism
Accreditation
Programme
ECOLABEL
for Hotels
,
,
102
07
(
10),
site
Green Store
.
9.2.. marketing
.
. ,
,
. , ,
,
(),
.
.
. ,
.
103
07
.
.
,
,
bungalows.
.
,
,
.
9.4.
,
.
calendar 70 -
6 .
, ,
, S.W.O.T.
.
,
.
.
.
,
,
.
,
. ,
,
104
07
, , (
).
( ) ,
,
.
,
.
2008 3
,
.
,
.
.
.
2008
2010 .
, 5., .
.
2008
2010 .
9.4.
/
1.
( - )
2009
2.
( )
2010
105
07
( )
3.
(
- )
2009
4.
- (
)
2008
5.
- (
- )
2008
6.
-
( - )
2009
7.
- -
- (
)
2010
8.
(
- )
2008
9.
- .
/ (
2 )
2008
10.
2009
.
:
106
07
9.4..
1.
SOFTEX
2008-2010
2.
2008
2008
2008-11
3.
.
4.
,
5).
50910/2727/2003 .
: ,
, , ,
, .
107
07
5.
2008-2009
2008-2009
2009
3)
.
6.
.
7.
,
,
( . , . , NOISIS, ).
.
()
.
(, , )
108
07
,
, .
: )
, )
)
.
, , .
,
.
( ) .
(Phragmites sp.).
.
.
..
24
15-30
.
.
.
.
(D.O.)
D.O.
.
D.O.
.
109
07
1.
(.. ).
2.
(.. , ).
3. ...
.
4. ...
(http://www.ecosphere.gr/Natural%20Systems.htm).
2010 .
,
, ,
, .
.
,
. ,
,
(http://www.lifeofquality.gr/arthra/katharonero.htm). ,
,
.
2009,
.
5
. ,
, ,
.
110
07
10
.
.
, .
.
, , .
.
9.3. :
( )
2009
2008
2008
2008
,
1900,
,
.
2009
2010
).
2009
2008
2008
2011
111
07
2010
..
2012
2012
2011
2011
2009
1864
.
2012
2012
2013
2008
2008
2
.
2008
2009
3 .
2010
2010
2011
(
).
2009
2015
(
, ,
).
2014
()
2010
2010
112
07
2010
,
.
2010
2009
3 :
.
,
,
80
, , spa
)
,
,
canoekayak.
2009
2010
2008
2009
2008
2008
2009
2010
2009
.
,
,
2009
,
,
2009
2009
2009
2009
113
07
.
.
2010
2008
canoekayak
2009
2009-2012
2009
2010
1.
2.
3.
, ,
,
4.
/
,
5.
Nestos River Fest,
6.
7.
1.
2.
3.
4.
114
2010
2009
07
1.
2.
-
/
3.
50
4.
50
5.
50
6.
...,
,
2010
1.
paint ball
2.
2009
2008
2010
:
.
.
115
07
,
, , .
.
,
- .
.
. .
1.
2.
3.
4. ,
5. - canoe kayak-rafting
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13. -
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
116
07
19.
20.
,
.
9.5.
.
,
. .
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
, , ,
, .
,
,
.
,
.
117
07
,
, .
,
.
,
.
, , ,
, , .
,
.
( )
,
( , , .).
(
.
.
,
.
( ),
,
. ,
.
,
, .
, .
,
, .
118
07
. (, , )
,
.
,
,
, .
.
,
, .
.
.
.
,
,
.
, .
.
.
, ,
.
,
,
.
.
119
07
9.5 :
:
( )
-
, 2010 .
- 90%
, 2010 .
- 90%
, 2010 .
- /
(, , )
- ,
-
-
- ,
9.5 :
:
1
:
( - )
- 100%
2012.
- 3 2012.
120
07
- 80%
2012.
- 90%
, 2012 .
- 90%
, 2010 .
- 100%
, 2010 .
- ( ,
)
-
, ,
- (, ,
)
- (,
)
-
-
(, )
- ( )
-
- ( Rafting
)
- ,
- (info kiosk)
-
( )
-
121
07
9.5 :
:
1
:
( - )
- 90%
, 2010 .
-
,
2010 .
- 100%
, 2012.
-
.
-
-
-
-
-
(, )
-
( )
-
- /
/ /
122
07
-
9.5 :
:
2
:
( )
- 90% ,
2012 .
- 90%
, 2012 .
- 90%
, 2010 .
-
, 2010 .
-
- ,
-
-
- (,
, moto cross, 4x4)
-
9.4 :
:
2
:
( )
123
07
- 90% ,
2012 .
-
, 2010 .
- 90%
, 2010.
- 90%
, 2010 .
- 100%
, 2010 .
-
/ .
- (
, )
-
- (info kiosk)
- Special Events ( / Paintball /
/ River Fest)
-
-
-
124
07
9.4 : - .
:
3
:
( - )
( )
90%
, 2012.
-
- () / ,
()
-
9.5 : .
:
3
:
( )
90%
.
125
07
-
- (,
)
9.5 :
:
3
:
( )
,
20%
, 2012 .
- ( ,
)
-
-
- ,
9.4 : .
:
4
:
40%
20% ,
2012 .
126
07
- (
)
- ( )
- ( /
)
- ( ,
- )
- ,
- Special events ( /
)
9.4 :
:
5
:
( )
- 90%
, 2010
.
-
100%
, 2010 .
/
/
-
- /
-
-
127
07
9.4 :
:
5
:
( )
- 80%
, 2012 .
- 90%
, 2012
.
- ( )
- ( )
- ( . )
- (, ,
)
- ( )
- ,
-
- Special events (
/ Badminton, , ,
/ /
)
9.4 :
:
5
:
( )
128
07
- 70%
, 2012 .
- (
)
- (,
)
- ,
- ( , , )
- ,
129
07
10.
,
( )
- ,
,
,
.
.
( )
.
.
.
( )
.
,
. ,
,
, ..
, ,
( ) .
( )
,
,
130
07
.
, ().
10.1 4
,
( - , , ,
.
.
0,3
,
.
0,3
,
. ,
, 0,2 .
,
.
10.1.1.
,
,
,
.
:
3 90%
,
,
,
.
131
07
200
.
(IEK, KEK),
2 , 4
70%
.
2
,
( 80%
), ( 100%
)
.
10.1.2.
, .
,
.
:
2012 100%
3 - 5%.
2012 ,
90%
90%
.
,
100% 2010
(info kiosks) 2012 95%
.
132
07
2010 100% 6
2012 80% .
85%
, .
50 , 2010
2 , ,
.
2008 100% Fax
2010 90%
internet (on line booking).
2008
85% (
)
100% ,
, 80%
15 -20%
( 1 6), 2010.
90% 2012
(, , ) 50%
,
.
10.1.3.
,
.
:
133
07
30% 40%
,
20% .
, ,
,
30%
20%.
30% 700
.
10% ( 3000
) (2
1 ).
20%
( 37%
45%)
,
, , .
10.1.4.
,
,
.
:
,
, 90%
.
2
.
,
134
07
.
,
100%
3 2
5 (: , ,
, , ),
.
.
,
15%
( ), 10%
5% .
10.1.5.
, , -,
.
,
.
,
, ( - , - )
-
- .
,
.
(
, )
.
135
07
( ).
.
(
, , , )
.
.
,
, .
, )
.
,
(.
).
( )
. , ,
, , .
,
136
07
.
4
.
11.
,
,
, .
, .
,
.
.
Cluster ,
,
.
,
,
.
,
. ,
, .
, Calendar
/
, .
,
.
.
.
137
07
(2001): , ,
.
, . (2007): ,
Marketing Week, Issue 26, p. 48 49
2007 2013,
, ,
(2007): , 6
Klijn J.A., Bethe F., Wijermans M. and Ypma K.W.(1999): Landscape Assessment
Method at a European Level, polder landscapes as an example, Wageningen:
Winard Staring Centre.
(2005): , .
50910/2727/2003:
.
, . (2003):
, .
Wood, M. (2002): Ecotourism: principles, practices, policies, United Nations
Environment Programme, United Nations Publication.
World Economic Forum (2007): Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report
2007, Geneva
www.greek-ecotourism.gr
www.statistics.gr
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/product/pgtourism eu.htm
http://news.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/_w_articles_economy_484038_26/09/2007_242755
http://www.ecosphere.gr/Natural%20Systems.htm
http://www.lifeofquality.gr/arthra/kathimerini.htm
138
07
139
07
,
,
,
,
, .
,
, ,
, .
,
,
,
, ,
,
,
,
, .
,
, .
, ,
,
,
140
07
, , .
,
.
, Nessos.|
, .
, Tzimas Travel.
, Zorpidi Travel.
, , Tzimas Travel.
, .
141
07
1. Calendar
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
1
2
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
142
07
1:
&
13
27:
" "
14
28:
15
29:
16
30:
()
2:
17
31:
3:
18:
32:
19:
33:
5
6:
20:
34:
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
7:
21:
35:
()
22:
36:
23:
Badminton
37:
10
24:
38:
11:
25:
Paint-ball
39:
12
26:
40:
143
07
42:
43:
59:
.
/
60
44:
61:
45:
62:
1
, 2
, 3
:
- ,4
:
, 5
:
46:
63:
47:
64:
48:
65:
49:
66:
67:
50:
( )
70:
51:
52:
68:
53:
69:
144
07
2.
145
07
3. /
146
07