Steps of the scientific method Independent variables Dependent variables Controls Random/representative sampling Placebos Nonexperimental studies Ethical issues Major schools of psychology Names associated with them G. Stanley Hall Mary Calkins Kenneth Clark Francis Sumner Neurons: parts Definition of neuropsychology Wernicke History of neuropsychology CNS PNS Action potential Neurotransmitters Structure of the brain: Cortex Subcortical regions Brocas area Wernickes area Exners area Frontal lobe syndrome Behavioral genetics Sensation Bottom up processing Top down processing Transduction Sensory adaptation Absolute threshold Difference Senses Sense receptors Gestalt principles of organization Monocular depth cues