shifting the remaining characters left, which corresponded to many European typewriters that

placed the parentheses with 8 and 9. This discrepancy from typewriters led to bit-paired
keyboards, notably the Teletype Model 33, which used the left-shifted layout corresponding to
ASCII, not to traditional mechanical typewriters. Electric typewriters, notably the more recently
introduced IBM Selectric (1961), used a somewhat different layout that has become standard on
computersfollowing the IBM PC (1981), especially Model M (1984) and thus shift values
for symbols on modern keyboards do not correspond as closely to the ASCII table as earlier
keyboards did. The /? pair also dates to the No. 2, and the ,< .> pairs were used on some
keyboards (others, including the No. 2, did not shift , (comma) or . (full stop) so they could be
used in uppercase without unshifting). However, ASCII split the ;: pair (dating to No. 2), and
rearranged mathematical symbols (varied conventions, commonly -* =+) to :* ;+ -=.
Some common characters were not included, notably , while ^`~ were included as diacritics
for international use, and <> for mathematical use, together with the simple line characters \| (in
addition to common /). The @ symbol was not used in continental Europe and the committee
expected it would be replaced by an accented in the French variation, so the @ was placed in
position 40hex, right before the letter A.[1]:243
The control codes felt essential for data transmission were the start of message (SOM), end of
address (EOA), end of message (EOM), end of transmission (EOT), "who are you?" (WRU),
"are you?" (RU), a reserved device control (DC0), synchronous idle (SYNC), and acknowledge
(ACK). These were positioned to maximize the Hamming distance between their bit patterns.
[1]:243245