DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA before cell division. It involves unwinding the DNA double helix structure, creating replication forks, and using DNA polymerases to synthesize new strands that are complementary to the original DNA strands. Replication starts at the origin of replication and proceeds bidirectionally. The leading strand is replicated continuously while the lagging strand is replicated in fragments joined by DNA ligase.
DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA before cell division. It involves unwinding the DNA double helix structure, creating replication forks, and using DNA polymerases to synthesize new strands that are complementary to the original DNA strands. Replication starts at the origin of replication and proceeds bidirectionally. The leading strand is replicated continuously while the lagging strand is replicated in fragments joined by DNA ligase.
DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA before cell division. It involves unwinding the DNA double helix structure, creating replication forks, and using DNA polymerases to synthesize new strands that are complementary to the original DNA strands. Replication starts at the origin of replication and proceeds bidirectionally. The leading strand is replicated continuously while the lagging strand is replicated in fragments joined by DNA ligase.
1940s: Avery, MacLeod, McCartyo DNA transformer 1950s: a big decade o Chase & Hershey- DNA, not proteins o Erwin Chargaff- A:T, C:G o Rosalind Franklin- helix o Watson & Crick- double helix
DNA Replication
Happens before mitosis
Essential for new cells Structure of DNA allows copying
Starts at origin of replication
o semi-conservative o proteins recognize o bubble formed o replication fork
Overview
Enzymes Initiate
Helicase- unzip (protein)
Single-strand binding proteins- hold Topoisomerase- relax (Protein)
Process Continues
Primase- primer ( sets down complimentary bases (RNA) allows polymerase to
do job) DNA polymerase- nucleotides (needs a pre existing nucleotide) Leading strand- continuous Lagging strand- Okazaki fragments, DNA ligase
Have you Mastered The Material?
Helicase starts DNA replication by separating the DNA strands from each other. Single-strand binding proteins keep separated DNA strands apart, while primase adds a short segment of RNA nucleotides called a primer to part of the DNA parent strand. DNA polymerase adds DNA nucleotides to one end of the primer, forming a daughter strand. The leading strand of DNA is replicated continuously, while the lagging strand is replicated in segments called Okazaki fragments, which replaces the RNA primer with DNA nucleotides, and ____, which joins the Okazaki fragments together. During the process, __ releases tension in the DNA parent strands, which is caused by the action of ________