Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

The dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) is designed to handle

dynamic assignments of IP addresses in a domain. This protocol is an extension
of the bootstrap protocol (BOOTP) and provides a way for the mobile nodes to
request an IP address from a DHCP server in case nodes move to a different network.
This dynamic assignment of IP address is also applicable to the hosts that
attach to the network occasionally. It saves precious IP address space by utilizing the
same IP address for needed hosts. DHCP is fully compatible with BOOTP, which
supports only static binding of physical address to IP address.
TCP
TCP [9.9, 9.10] is a connection-oriented reliable transport protocol that sends data
as a stream of bytes. At the sending end, TCP divides the stream of data into
smaller units called segments. TCP marks each segment with a sequence number.
The sequence number helps the receiver to reorder the packets and detect any
lost packets. If a segment has been lost in transit from source to destination, TCP
retransmits the data until it receives a positive acknowledgment from the receiver.
TCP can also recognize duplicate messages and can provide flow control mechanisms in
case the sender is transmitting at a faster speed than the receiver can
handle.