Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Limiting Reactants Practice
Limiting Reactants Practice
Limiting Reactants Practice
sliccs
2 turkcy sliccs
Zn(s)
H2SOlnrT)
---+
ZnSO.,(.r.,
Hr(g)
Thc balanccd equation tells you thal I ntol Zn tcacts witlt I nr<tl H.SO]
ro produce I nrol ZnSOr and I ntol H,. Supposc vou l.trvc I rnol Zn aod
5 nrol H,SO]. Whar will happcn. and whar willyou gcr'l Only I nl(rl ol'
H.SO, will rcacl and only I mol ol each ol lhe prcducts willhc pr.ocluccrl
bccausc only I ntol Zn is available to react. In this sirlalion. zinc is tlte
liltiting reactant. When it is used up the rcaclion stops even thougl.t ntolc
H.SO., is available.
It is dil'ficlllt to directly ohserve molar anrounls ol-rcaclants as thcy arc
used up. It is nruch casiel to dc(erntine wl.rcn a ccrtain nrass of a rcactanr
has bccn conrplctely used. Usc ntolar nlasscs to t.cstatc thc cquation in
tcrnls ()l- nu\s. rrs li'llow.
Zn + 98.09 8 H:SO.,
- 161.46 g ZnSO., + 2.02 g Hr
This version ol the cquation lells you thal zinc and sulllric acid
will rilr|4r's rcitcr in a mass ratio ol-65.39 g ol Zn:91{.09 g ol H.S01 or.
0.667 g ol'Zn : L(X)0 g ol' HrSOr. If you have 65.39 g ol Zn bur only
87.55 g ol H,S0]. you will not be able lo nrakc 2.02 g ol hydrogen. Sr.rlluric acid will be the limiting reacrani. prevcnting thc zinc lhrnr rcacting
conrpletely. Suppose you place 20 g of zinc and l00golsullirr-icacicl
into a llask. Which would he used up first. In orher words. is thc lirriring
rcactant z-inc or sulluric acid? Horv much ol'each product will bc pro_
duccd'l Thc sanrple prohlems in this chaptcr will show you how ro an_
6-5.39 g
Limitino
Rea.tant( 97
Mass
Mass
of
reactant B
available
reactant A
available
rt
using the
Convert
using the
molar mass
of A.
Co nve
molar mass
of
B.
Amount of
reactant B
in mol
Amount of
rea(tant A
in mol
available
availa ble
Convert
using the mole
.B
I.
ratro,
Amount of
reactant B
needed to
Limiting
Reactant
react with A
Mass
of
product
Amount of
product in mol
1.
ANALYZT
Items
Data
Reactant
Ca(OH),
HCI
NA*
NA
2.8 mol'
6.3 mol
NA
NA
Amount of reactant
Mass of reactant
Limiting reactant
2. PLAN
Amount of Ca(OH),
in mol
Amount of HCI
in mol
Hol
Y
g
Limitin g rea ctar't
Limitino
Re,.r,nt< oo
nrol Ca(OH),
3.
nlrl HCI
I nlol Ca(OH):
COMPUTE
2.8
uiofqgFr,; x
2 inol HCI
Thc con'rputation shows rlta( nxrlc HCI (6.3 ntol) is available than is
needcd (5.6 nrol)10 rercl wi(h the 2.ll mol Ca(OH). availablc. Thcr.clorc. HCI is prescnt in cxccss. nraking Ca(OH), the linliting lcaclitnt.
4.
EVALUATE
' .
'L
4AI + 3Or*2Al'Or
Po\\,defed Al (0.048 ntoli is pl:rccd into a conlainer
containing 0.0ii0 nrol O.. Whrt is {hc Iinriring rcrcran(
./r
r.r: O.
1.
ANALYZE
Items
Data
Substance
KBr
clz
Brz
70.90 g/mol
Coefficient in
balanced equation
Molar mass*
Amount of
19.00 g/mol
? mol
Mass of substance
3.205 g
0.855 q
Limiting reactant
',
59.80 q/mol
? mol
mol
substance
?9
NA
2.
PLAN
onC
ol tlrc
limiting reactanl
rnolc rillio givcn in thc cclua
tion t,' dt telrninc tlrc lrrrrrrunt rrl Br ..
Convcrt lhc ilnrcunt ol Br. lo thc
nrass ol Br. using thc nrolar ntass.
Use anrount of the
ancl tlrc
Itr
Mass of C l,ing
Mass of KBr in g
tnlru,lt ht
trn
u't,-
.,'t,,' ,,,,t,,t Ct
Amount of cl,
in mol
,,'u.,.
t#
x/,,/'/
.--l-
it
Lrmrtrng,reactant
t r t : t\ntr,t4t
- U'
^ """""' " ,,* ,+
.t
EE <---------------
Mass of Br, in q
Amount
'' o{ Br. in mol
Limitinq Reactants
lOl
'gKBrX
I mol KBr
= mol KBr'
I 19.00 g KBr
p,?x
I Cl. ,,.
Choose one o[
th
r)lat,!t\tCt.
I mol Cl.
70.90 g Ct"
rrrol Cl-
L,dtfu
..tdtn\ I mol
cl.
tol KBr \ . -:- I ntol KBr
,nh
3.
mol Br'.
mol linriting reactant
..
c Br,
I nrol Br,
l-s9.R()
-cBr.
COMPUTE
3.205
I mol KBr
-KBr x
0.855
I I
sl:
9.00 g-l<Bi
I nol Cl'
10.90
s4
0.0269-l
I nrol Cl,
= 0.01346 nrol Cl.
2 oroHtBf
uol-KBi x
ncedcd
4.
I Dro+l; X
lDrerffi
I
uotfl;
159.80 g Br'1
L""1-ts11
1.93 g Br,
EVALUATE
o ls
lintititry reacttutt
l02
availablc.
Chapter 9
1.
+o,
if
tlrc
ons:
linriting reactant.
ZrSi(\
ZnS+O,-ZnO+SO:
Il
2. Use the fbllowing eqtiation for the oxidation of aluminum in the tbllowing problenrs.
a.
b.
How nranv rnoles ol Alror lrc lbnltcd lr.ont lhc fcaclion ()l'
6.18 X I(l I nrol ol O, anti 9. l-5 X l0 I nrol of Al..)
is
iO'+
2CuO
2SO!
b.
ol lll.T
g ol'
2Fe(.r)
3cu(.r)
Fe
.(Sol)i(aq)
I03
Mgl,+Bt'-MgBrl*1"
7-
a.
l).
what
nrirss
b.
8.
II l.60 mol of CS; burns with 5.60 rnol ol O'. horv rll.lrlY nrolcs olthc cxccss rcac(artl will slill bc Dlcscnl whcn thc lcilcti(n'l is ovcll
9.
a.
b.
10.
Bolnce
a.
b.
c.
l04
the
cquation.
Chapter 9
li
11.
+ lNO. + lH'O
a.
How ntany moles cach {'l HN(),:rntl Cu rrrusl rcacl in order t(}
producc 0.0845 mol ol'NOr'i
b.
lrnl is in exccss'l
12.
13.
a.
b.
c.
0, llc
X l0r g ol'NH1
and
ol NH,
CHICHTOH
+ CUO--CHICHO + H.O +
Cu
14.
SO,
H.SOI
11250 g ol S0, and 650 g ol Br, rclct in thc presencc ol.exccss wil
tcr. What rr ss ol HBr will bc liu nrcd l
15.
What nrass ol-SO, can bc nudc lionr 15.0 s ol'Na'SOr and 22.() g
of HCI'l
16.
'
2TbFr + 3Ca
3CaF3
2Tb
a.
b.
ol tcr-