CONTROL VLAVES

T.MOHANRAJ
MTS/KEC

Air control valves

Pressure regulators

Check valves

Shuttle Valves

Direction control valves

Flow control valves

Check valves

The simplest type of non-return valve is the check

valve, which completely blocks air flow in one

direction while permitting flow in the opposite
direction with minimum pressure loss across the
valve

Shuttle Valves

It is also known as a double control valve or double check valve.

A shuttle valve has two inlets and one outlet.

At any one time, flow is shut off in the direction of whichever inlet is

unloaded and is open from the loaded inlet to the outlet

A shuttle valve may be installed, for example, when a power unit
(cylinder) or control unit (valve) is to be actuated from two points,
which may be remote from one other

Direction control valves

control valves to direct and regulate the flow of fluid from

the compressor to the various devices like air actuators and

air motors.

In order to control the movement of air actuators,
compressed air has to be regulated, controlled and reversed
with a predetermined sequence

Function of directional control valve is to control the
direction of flow in the pneumatic circuit.

DCVs are used to start, stop and regulate the direction of
air flow and to help in the distribution of air in the required
line

TYPES OF DIRECTION CONTROL VALVES

1. Based on construction

i) Poppet or seat valves
- Ball seat valve
- Disc seat valve
- Diaphragm Valves

ii) Sliding spool valves
- Longitudinal slide valve
- Suspended spool valves
- Rotary spool valves

2. Based on the Number of ports

i)Two way valves
ii)Three way valves
iii)Four way valves
3. Based on methods of actuation
i) Mechanical
ii)Electrical
iii)Pneumatic

Port designation of DCV

POPPET DIRECTION CONTROL VALVES

Ball seat valve

2/2 normally closed
valve

Methods of actuation

FLOW CONTROL VALVES

Function of a flow control valve is self evident from its name.

A flow control valve regulates the rate of air flow. The control action is

limited to the air flow passing through the valve when it is open,
maintaining a set volume per unit of time.

FLUID POWER ACTUATORS

HYDRAULIC MOTORS

HYDRAULIC ACTUATORS

The function of hydraulic cylinder is to convert hydraulic

power into linear mechanical force or motion.

Hydraulic cylinders extend and retract a piston rod to
provide a push or pull force to drive the external load along
a straight-line path.

Continuous angular movement is achieved by rotary
actuators, more generally known as a hydraulic motor.

Hydraulic cylinders are of the following types:

Single-acting cylinders.
Gravity-return single-acting cylinder.
 Spring-return single-acting cylinder.


Double-acting cylinders.

Telescopic cylinders.

Tandem cylinders.

Double-Acting Cylinder with a Piston Rod on Both

Sides

This cylinder can be used in an application where

work can be done by both ends of the cylinder,

thereby making the cylinder more productive

Telescopic Cylinder
A telescopic cylinder is used when a long stroke length and a short
retracted length are required.
Ex: raising a dump truck bed
They are more expensive than standard cylinders due to their more
complex construction
For a given input flow rate, the speed of operation increases in steps as
each successive section reaches the end of its stroke.
Similarly, for a specific pressure, the
load-lifting capacity decreases for each
successive section.

Tandem Cylinder

used in applications where a large amount of force is

required from a small-diameter cylinder.

Pressure is applied to both pistons, resulting in increased
force because of the larger area.

Drawback: these cylinders must be longer than a standard
cylinder to achieve an equal speed because flow must go to
both pistons.

Cylinder Cushions

prevention of shock due to stopping loads at the end of the

piston stroke

Cylinder piston approaches the end of stroke, an exhaust
fluid is forced to go through an adjustable needle valve that
is set to control the escaping fluid at a given rate.

Allows the deceleration characteristics to be adjusted for
different loads.

When the cylinder piston is actuated, the fluid enters the
cylinder port and flows through the little check valve so that
the entire piston area can be utilized to produce force and
motion.

HYDRAULIC MOTORS

A hydraulic motor is a device which converts fluid

power into rotary power or converts fluid pressure

into torque
Hydraulic Motor

Hydraulic Pump

The main emphasis is on mechanical

efficiency and torque that can be
transmitted.

The main emphasis is on volumetric

efficiency and flow.

usually operate over a wide range of

speed, from a low RPM to high RPM.

usually operate at high RPM

bidirectional applications such as

braking loads, rotary tables.

pumps usually operate in one

direction

Motors may be idle for long time

Pumps usually operate continuously

subjected to high side loads

not subjected to side loads

Classification of Hydraulic Motors

1. Gear motors
2. Vane motors
3. Piston motors



Axial piston-type motors.

Radial piston-type motors

Gear motors

Vane Motors