<gd

'^rrt

-=-ani(.-

s s D1 7 9 3

a($;
\Y"'

1. (a) Solvethe initial valueproblern

dlt

Eyi=r+2v,

UN IVERSITI TEKNOLOGT MALAYSTA

FAKULTI SAINS

v(e)=0.
[ 0 rnallis]

.,(b) Usingthe substitutionz = y2, find the solutionof the lJernoulli

')r equation
4l

IKTIIR
rtrilHitlrc$)A*n
nsr zoo
l/ zoos
Srllb.""sg,p,a
:rii,b

du
o
"Yfr+Y'=

-I c o s r '

[ 7 r'narks]
(c) Show that the difrerential equation

KOD I\'IATAPELAJARAN : SSD1793

I{/r.h,lA I\{ATAI' ll(-A.JAXAt'{: DIFFERBNTIAL EQUATIONS

d.y

2ay * a2

6*

$1fi-y
[ 7 marlc;J

is homogeneousand 6nd iti solution.

NAh{A PENSYAETAH

: PM DR NORSARAIIAIDA S.AMIN
PMDRMOtrDNORMOTIAMAD
PI{ IIAZIN,TAE.ASDEAMID.
DIIONC CTfEETIONG
DRNORAINIARIS
PNEALIJAEOSMAN

TflJRSUS

: ISEE,ISEC,ISAW

"LIRTKI{

:22MAC 2005

2.

(a) Find the general solution of the equation

d2y ^d.s

usiag the rnetbod of nariation of paraneters.

[8 marks)

'
(b) Find the solutionof an undampedsystemgoverualby

&u
u.
^ # 1 "& Y : S s. i n i t

'
:3 I{OURS

rtr

wheret.t = y'i,

*O the iuitialmnditionsy(0) ,"'6' v'(0) = tt'

[ 6 rnarks]

AITAT{ANKEPADA. PELAJAR:
JAWAB SEIUUASOAIIA'FI.

AGfr

fr-"fr*u=T+7

A LrM (lo) I{ALAMANBERcETAK'

(@
ssE 1793
ssiti1793
(c) .4,r.ibrating string rvith darnpingcan bc nrodelledby the oquation
r- rdt '6y . ,+doya.+,

4. (a) Find thc function /(l) slrown in thc follorvingtr;ra,plr,

t s v= v
f(r)

v(o) = c, c'@) = li.

I f r n = l O k g , 0 = 6 0 k g / s ,k = 2 s 0 k g / s 2 , a = 0 , 2 a n d p - - 0 . 2 ,
Iind the solution of the abovesystem.

3
2
I

I A marks]
(d) Givcn that when D = 0, the motion is oscillatory with frequency
- Oix,uss wltat effectsdamping has on the frequency of oscilf
lation and the solution as f -r oo.

( ,f:.:)

+"4
Thcnexpress
andcom;rute
its l,alrlacrl
/(i) usingunit stepfun<ltion
transform.
[ 4 rnarksJ

I 2 nrarkql
3.

(a) Determine C-r{F.(s)}

. ..

(b) Tbg curreat d(t) Sowingthiough an RL seriescircuiLis givcrrb.v

it'.,
the difrerentialequation

of the given functionsr

i." _F(s)
_
ro_r": 1)
\ _ ,= _
\sz+9,/

IA marks]

L2 + ni-uft).

[6 marks]

Supposethe resistaoceR is 2,ohri.and

- ' the inductanceL is 20
henrtaadavoltage
: .

.dt

10s'+ l2s -r-14

,,. f (sJ=
G;I)I?;4STT)

(b) Fimd t!e, laplace tra.nsiormof the function:

..

l(t): erd('- 5)'

Usin6 th aboveresult,solvethe initial vatueproblem

''

v' + $yt + 69: etd(t- 5), y(0)= 0, y'(0) - o.

[8 marksl

: '.ll

t..,'.f

:,

.' ;

.l;,.

J..:

::,:tt:L:i,i7:,i
' ' ' '(t);'{i:l?i:;U'o'< '
t='
t,...;

.tt{ri

is appliedto tbe circuit. Usethe methodof Laplacetronsformto

ii "
6ud the cunent (4 if d(0)= Q. ,..
[8 rnu'ks]
c . iJftl .," ',,j...ir

(@
ssE1793
[r. Considr:rthc frrnction
'l(a)=o's,

o<c<zri

(a) Sketch the appropriategraphs..inthe lntcrval -Bzi ( s ( 3zrfor

cach of the follorvingcascsl
i. thc rr pcriodiccxtensionofl(r),
ii. tlre odd 2zr-pcdodic extensionof !(r),
iii. the even 2lr-periodic extensionof l@).
(b) fin.l thc Fourier cocine scries of
f(x),
lind the sum of
.111

2 markc|
2 marksl
2 marksl

I
t

Ilence by putting o = 0,

t +95+g+V.+...

markeJ
{9
6, Using the irethod of separationof variablcs,show that ifrii geueral
solutionof the hcat quation
:,,: : ,
0u ^02u
t>0
*:'*,0<!c<?rr
is givenby
u(x,tl: Ar+B t(Ccospo+Dsh pale-tft.

'.

wherep is a constant.Heuce,usingthe aboveresult find the solutibn

to the heat equation with the boundary coaditions:

'

u(0,t) = 100,u3(n,.1)
= Q,

t>O
t
i : t"'ii '

and initiat condition

u(o,o)=1oo*c,

o<o<n
[ 15 marksJ

\.

="t3-'

io);
\*#.
I'NIVERSITI

TEKIYOIPGI
MALI\YSIA
FAKI'LTI SAINS

PEPERIKSAAI{ ArIIIR

SEMESTER I

sEsr 2ut6l2oo6

KOI' MATA PELILIARAII

SSE 1793

NAMA MATA PET,A.'ARAN

DIFFERENTIAL

NAMA PENSYARAII

DR. NOR'AINI ARIS

PROF. DR. ITORSARAIIAIDA S-AMIN
PM DR. UOHD NOR MOI{AMAI)
DR. ONG CHEE TIONG
PN. EALIJAII OSIIAN
PN. SYARITAII Z'YIIRINA NORI'IN
PM DR- SrrAIISIIDDTN ATTMAD (SPACEI
PM DR- TArrrR ArrMAn (SPACE)

KT'RSUS

2 SKP, SKR, SAW' SEE

TARIKII

17 NOVEMBTR 2OCt6

IIASA

SJAM

ARAIIAN TEPADA PEIA'AR

E$UATTONS

JAWAB SEMUA SOAI.AN

(TERTAS SOAIAN INI TERDIRI DARIPADA IOITAI,AIIIAN BERCETAIq

SSE 1793

1. (a) Solve the initial value problem

:'(v+ q# : (r2- 1)(y+ 2), y(1)= o.

[6 marks]
(b) The equation
dy .4
;-.r-!
arrfiz

Yitanx

(1)

is an exampleof a Bernoulli equation. Showthat the substitution

z: yi reducesequation (1) to
dz

E+;':

tanx

zr2'

Q)

Then solve equation (2) for z and obtain the general solutionlto
equation (1)
[8 marks]
(c) Using the method of undeterminedcoefficients,solve the equation

!"

-'o' : e3'+L'
[ 6 marks]

2. (.) A vibrating string with damping can be modelled by the initial

value problem given by

d 2 g- ^ 4
* oat + r 3 v = o
at,
v ( o ): 1 ,v ' ( o ): 1 r-'

i. Find the equation of motion of this damped vibrating string.

ii. Find the frequency of the oscillation and describe the motion
as t -+ oo.

[7 rnarks]

ssE 1793

(b) A particle movesvertically under the force of gravity against air

reistance /cuz,where tc is a constant. The velocity u at any time
t is given by the diferential equation
d.a

n _ kaz.

i:
L e tl :

r1;-

Vr'

i. Find the geueralsolution in terms of l.

ii. By setting u(0) : 0, showthat

u=

f(l - e-D\kt\

@-2*-t'
[8 marks]

3. (a) Enaluate the following:

i- E{*H(t - t) + sin(t - n)H(t - ?r))}.
ii.L-r{e

'
I
_"*1+("_B)rl.

t
Is marks]

(b) By using the method of Laplacetransformr solve the initial value

problem given bR
,

=o,* nn = 8d(t- 2u); Y(o): 3'

[ 7 marksJ

ssB 1793

4. (a) Let J(t) be the periodic function given by

I(t):e2t,ast<2,
tQ+2): l(t).
i. Sketch the graph of /(t) in the interval -Z < t < 4.
ii. Find the Laplacetransform of f (t).
[ 4 marks]

(b) Use Convolution Theorem to show that

L" --r l

^):"r,_(t+l)"2tl 1 s- 3 1 1-s4 ' 1

[ 6 marks]
Then use this result to solve the boundary value problem given
by
H(t - 2),
y,, _ 4{ * 4y - e3(t-2')

Y(o):0, Y(1): s'

[ 10 marksJ
5.
=-

(a) Consider the periodic function,

t@t:l

( o
t

-rSc(0,

;: o(c<r.
*t

f (rl: t{r +2n\.

i. Determine if the function /(c) is even' odd or neither.
ii. Then, find the Fourier seriesof /(r).
[ 12 marks]

(b) The function

l(c) :
-l<s<lgivenby,

SSE1793
rz has the Fourier series on the internal
4 g(_l)"

I, I, _E.)_= i +
A kt

cosn?rr.

use the above result and an appropriate

ra,lue of s to find the
approximate sum of the infinite
series
Irll

'*rr*F*A*F*..
[ 3 marksf
6' (a) using the methodof separation
of variables,show that theqeneral
solution of the heat equation

ou

,Eu

0<r<10,

At=o'AA'

t>O

is given by
u(r,t) = Az + I + (Ccos po * Dsin pz)e-a2ft
where p and a are constants.
[6 marks]
(b) use the resulr in pa^rt(a)
to find the sorution of the hear equation
with the boundary conditions
u.(o,tl =b:

ur(lo,t),

t>o

and initial condition

*Ptr,0j=7x,

0<c<10.
[9 marks]

'.\-/

SSE 1793

l.

(a) Selesaikan masalah nilai awal

,2(v +3)* = @' - 1)(y+ 2), v(1)= o[6 markahJ

(b) Persamaan terbitan
dg .4

Altenr'
--7-

E*;v:

(3)

adalah suatu contoh persamaan Bernoulli. T\rnjukkan bahawa

dengan gantian , : yi nienurunkan persarnaan (3) kepada

q_

ilz

tanr

E+ ;'= z7'

(4)

seterusnya, selesaikan persamaan (a) bagi z dan dapatkan penyelesaian am kepada (3)
[8 markah]
(c) Dengan menggunakan kaedah pekali tak tentu, selesaikan persamaam terbitan
g" -2y' : e3"+ L'
[6 rnarkah]

(a) Suatu tali bergetar dengan pelembab dimodelkan oleh masalah

nilai awal

g
#.u# *r3s:
v(o): 1, Y'(o): l'

i. Dapatkan persamaan pergerakan tali bergetar dengan terlembapan tersebut.

ii. Dapatkan frekuensi ayunan dan perihalkan keadaan fletaran
apabila t -+ oo.

[7 markahl

SSE 1793

(b) Sebutir zarah bergerak secara tegak di bawah tarikan graviti

menghadapi rintangan udara ftu2, dengan Ic pemala^r. Halaju u
pada masa t diberikan oleh persamaan terbitan
du

7;:9

- k- au - '

^: tf gk.
Andaikan
i. Dapatkau penyeleq.ian am bagi persamaan terbitan dalam
sebutan l.
ii. Dengan menetapkan u(O) :0, tunjukkan bahawa

u:

f(l -

"-z\kty '
T1 + e-2^&t)

[8 rnarkah]

3. (a) Dapatkan yang berikut:

i. L{*H(t - 1) +sin(t - flH(t -,r))}.
ii.L4{e"

_ . + 1 + G :23 ) z)] .

IS markah]
(b) Dengan menggunakan lcaedahjelmaan taplace, selesaikan masalah
nilai awal yang diberikan oleh
)-.

nu: 8d(t-2o); E{o): 3'

# *
[7 markah]

SSE 1?93

4.

(a) Katakan J(t) suatu fungsi berkala yang diberikan oleh

f ( t ) : e 2 ' ,0 1 t

12,

t(t +2,: J(t).

i. Lakarkan graf bagi /(t) dalam selang-2 < t < 4
ii. Dapatkan jelmaan Laplacebagi f(t).
[4 rnarkah]

(b) Gunakan Teorem Konvolusi untuk menunjukkan bahawa

t-'

{p5i;yu}

""

- (t + t)ezt

[ 6 rnarkah]
Kemudian gunalcan keputusan yang diperoleh untuk menyelesaikan masalah nilai sempadanyang diberikan oleh
H(t _ Z,),
go _ 4{ * 4V _ e3(t-21

v(o)= o, Y(U: e'

[10 markah]

5.

(a) Perttmbangkan fungsi berkala,

t@\:{

( o. -r1r1o,
o(c(zr.
-; t:
t

f (") = f (s +2r).
i. Tentukan samada f (r) suatu fungsi genap, ganjil atau bukan
kedua-duanya.
ii. Seterusnya,dapatkansiri Fourier bagi f {").
I 12 rnarkah]

ssE 1793
(b) F\rngsi f (rl:
c2 mempunyai siri Fourier dalam selang
-l(s(ldiberikanoleh,

(_t)^

s
J@)*i*AI\icos'ur'.
Gunakan keputusan tersebut serta nilai Jryang sesuaiuntuk mendapatkan penghampirankepada hasil tambah takterhingga siri

,*#*#*i*#*

{ 3 rnarkahJ
6. (a) Denganmenggunaknkaedah
pemisahan
pemborehubah,
tunjukkan
bahawa penyelesaianam bagi persamaan haba
0u

,02u

0<c<10,

6l:o"5p,

f>0

diberikan oleh
u(r,t)

: Ar + B + (Ccos pr + D sin pa|6-o"n't

dengan p dan c suatu pemalar.

[6 markah]

(b) Guaakan keputusan dari bahagian (a) untuk mendapatkanpenye

lesaian kepada prsamaan haba dengansyarat sempa.dan
u'(0,t):5:

z"(10,t),

t> 0

dan syarat awal

u(r,0)-7r,

0<s<10.
[9 markah]

':'

ssE1793

EQUATION SSE 1793

DIFFERENTIAL
F(s} : l0- f $}e-'tdt
taplace Tlansform L{f$lt:

ft

t n , r L:

Lr2,3,.. .

n!

-'----i
snfl

i
s-o

e*

kos at

7+7

sinof

.?--?.

st +o'
s
-:t-4-

koshot

se -a'
a
----;s'-an
F(s - a)

sinhat
e* f(t)
t^f(t),n:1,2,3,...
n

| | t,l

#,

'fF
/ - l ^'l n : :
\
dsn

f,(g) - ... - /("-t)(o)

f l ,: 1 , 2 , 3 , . . . s*F(s)-s'-rf(o) _ sn-2

H(t - a)

e-ot

J(t-a)ff(t-a)

e--F(s)

6(t - a)

e-d'

I f(ulg(t -u)du

JO
f

I f(u)du

JO

I(t):f(t+r)
TeoremKonvolusi /-t {F(s)G(si}:

{^_rulnvu) d.u

10

{J,.}t

,4144

'rg3
Jrr

-f

MALAYSIA
UNIVERSITI
TEKNOLOGI

e^^.'"...
....:.T:.:li

PEPERIKSAAN
AKHIR
SEMESTERI SESI 200612007

o)

KOD MATA PELAJARAN

ssE 1793/ SSM 2543

NAMAMATAPELAJARAN

DIFFER
ENTIALEQUATIONS

NAMA PENSYARAH

EN. ISMAILKAMIS
PM DR.ZAINALABDULAZIZ
PM DR.MOHDNORMOHAMAD
DR. MASLANOSMAN
DR.KHAIRILANUAR
DR.ONGCHEETIONG
DR. FARIDAHMUSTAPHA
DR.NORMAHMAAN
PN,HALIJAHOSMAN
PN.ZAITONMAT ISA
EN.MAHADAYEM
EN.YEAKSU HOE

KURSUS

FKKKSA,'FKA,FKM,FKE,SPACE

TARIKH

14 NOVEMBER
2006

MASA

3 JAM

ARAHANKEPADA
PELAJAR

JAWAB SEMUA 6 SOALAN.

(KERTASSOALANtNtTERDTR|
DAR|PADA9 HALAnAAN
eenCETAK)

ssE1793
(a) Solve the following differential equation
da

(r+f\3.

*#:

[A marksl

(b) Show that the differential equation

(l*u4dc+(lnr -2)ity:s
is an oract equation. Ilence, solve it.

[5 marks]

(c) Solve the homogeneousequation

d y _ a 2 + Bqv+ f
de

s2

[5 ma,rks]

\/
(d) Initially 50 kilogra,ms (kg) of salt is dissolved in a large tank
holding 300 liters of urater. A brine solution containing 2 kg of
salt per liter is pumped into lhe tank at a rate of 3 liter per
minute. The well mixed solution is then pumped out at a rate of
2 liter per minute. If X(t) ib the a.mount of salt (kg) i" the tmk,
then the problem can be mbdelled as

dxx
E + S[J;:0'

Find X(t), given that X :50 when t:"0.

[6 marlcs]

2. (.) Solve th9 following differential equation

t'-zl +s:&
V

[8 marks]

(b) The motion of a mass-spring system is governed by

{' + zsg :24sinutt'
Find g in terms of ar and t if u t' *5.

[7 ma,rksJ

3. (a) Evaluate the following:

(i) E{ro'
(ii)

r-'1

cosh2t+tsin2t}

o"

t"r- s+f3J

[ marksJ
( mart<s1

(b) Use the method of Laplace transforrns to solve the initial value
problem given by

-'n:

: 3'
t6(t-2), Y(o)

[7 marls]

ssEl793
^i-\

lr'r l-r-)
$/./U*

", t

the Conrrclutioo Theorem to show that

r-'{iF+ry}:Iot"t-tcost)'

[5 ma,rks]

(b) Write the following function

sur:{
il,, ?::."
in terrns of unit step functions and find its Laplace transform'
[5 mar]s]

j6)
U

Utu the resultsin narts@and Or"

a,ryvalueproDlem

solvethe followingbowdlr/

&v
Ai + s: e(t),

[10marksl

s(0)= r; sl(*/2) = 0'

5, eanddr th-efollowing periodic function

( *!n1

-<r1x(

/('):t 6,

0,

o<ncn

l@) : f(o +2tr).

(')
A

',

\
|l

r.l
'l

,&

Sketchthe graphof the functionovertbe interval -37r<

ffifli

(b) Show that the Fourier series for /(r) is given by

cT-(ari

-lJs- i
f\a):r4+;2 s
k-T;,;ry- k- ite.

[10marksJ

(c) use the result in part (b) and choose an appropriate value of r
to show thqt
ir2l11

[3 marks]

T:t*6*,u+ag+"'

use the method of separation of variables to find the solution of the

urave equa.t-io.a(c is a -cptlstaa_t)
Pu

^ *zt

W:e;i;,

occ<2' t>o

with the boundary conditions

u(0,t) : g, u(Z't) : g' t > 0

and initial oonditions
u ( r , 0 ): s ( 2 - s ) ,

i l '.{'

A<r<2'

o<a<2'
J U sa(c,Q):1'

"it

i"

[15marksl

g,^tr*1.*
SSE 1793
Answer All Questions
1.

(a) Solvethe initial valueproblem

2ry dy: (5 - 8y2)dr,

y (1) : 0.b.
[6 marks]

(b) Solvethe following exact equation

o.*(..ffi)da-o
Q.61
[6 marks]
(c) Solvethe followingBernoulliequationby usingsubstitution : Utl,
"
dY

, t ^ .-

^^.-Lt2

E-*Y-ra
[8 marks ]
2.

(a) Use the method of variation of parametersto solve the following nonhomogeneous equation

y"- 4u'*5g: ":

srnr
[8 marks]
(b) Considerthe followingdifferential
equation,
a"+u\y=Fcosut.
(i) Deiermine the homogenoussolution to the differential equation:
[2 marks I
(ii) Use the method of undetermined coefficientsto find a particular integral
lfulwo.

15marks]

SSE 1793
3.

(a) Given ihat

I@:[

1
',
sinl ,

ost<t
t>t-

(i) sketchthe graphof /(t) overthe interval0 I r 12n.

(ii) Express/(t) in terms of unit step functions.
(iii) Then computeits Laplacetransform.

[2 marks
[2 marks
[4 marks

(b) Usethe method of Laplacetransformto solvethe initial value problemgiven

by
y' + 6a : 5 ( t- zr ) 'cos3t,
y( o) : 0.
[7 marks]
4.

(a) Usethe convolutiontheoremto find the inverseLaplacetransformof

F/

et
-H I\'r

2^2

uD

(s2+ g)2
[4 marks]

(b) (i) Showthat

.(

L-' 1 ;-----:--;------

l(s+1)(s+2)')

-,
l : e " - e-2t - te-2t.

[4 marks]
(ii) Usingthe result in part (i), solvethe followinginitial valueproblem

a"+ 4y'+ 4a- f ft),

9(o): i, y'(o): -'-,

where
,,n -f0
J\")_
\e_(t_zl

,
,

0<t<2
t)2
[7 marks ]

SS E 1793
5.

Considerthe followingperiodicfunction,

f@):{ I

\,

-r,
r.

:0"1-xs<r .r (. 0 '

f (r): f (r +2r).
(a) Sketchthe graph of the function over the interval -3zr ( r I Str. Then
determinewhether/(z) is an odd function,evenfunction or neither.
[4 marks]
(b) Showthat the Fourierseriesexpansionfor /(r) is givenby

t@)=;-+Dw:--.l"
[8 marksj
(c) Usethe result in part (b) and appropriatevalueof r to find the approximate
sum of the infinite series
,1-rt1-, 1 , 1 ,

25- 4g-T"'.
[3 marks ]

6.

Using the method of separationof variables,find the generalsolution to the heat

equation
0u
!02u

at:ga*r'

o(r1T'

t>o'

subject to the boundary conditions

'

' t t r( 0 ,t ; : 6 , u ( t r , t ) : Q ,

I > 0

and initial condition

u(r,O):T-it

0<r<r'
f 20 marks I

No'{n4l'\ (

-,a+

u,ttt4.

j {$^N
rr--'

-t\;.
?a

l\Jf
q\7'J
'%.

tElo,tour-

UNIVERSM TEKNOTOGI
MALAYSIA
FAKULTISAINS
aaaaaaataara!aaa

aararrrtttaaataa

PEPERIKSAANAKHIR
SEMESTERrr SESI 2OO7J2OO8
KOD MATA PEIA'ARAN

g
\1

NAMA MATA PELAIAMN :

DIFFERENTIALEQUATIONS

NAMA PENSYARAH

EN. MUHAMMADFAUZEEHAMDAN(P)
PM DR KHAIRIL ANUAR ARSHAD
PM DR ONG CHEETIONG
DR ANI SHABRI
DR ZAITUL MARLTZAWATI ZAINUDDIN
DR NORMAHMAAN
EN ISMAIL KAMIS
EN WAN ROHAIZAD WAN IBRAHIM
PN HALI.TAHOSMAN
PN ZAITON MAT ISA
CIK NUR ILYANA ANWAR APANDI

KURSUS

PELCIAR
KE,URUTERAAN

TARIKH

irnBAPRrL2oo8

MASA

9.00 PAGI-12.00 T/HARI

JAWAB SEMUASOALAN

ssE 1793/SSM 2543

ARAHANKEPADAPELAIAR

(KERTASSOALANINI TERDIRIDARIPADA8 HALAMANBERCETAK)

rl

ssE 1793/SSM
2543
Answer all questions.
1.(a) Determinethe constant A such that the grvenequationis exact.
(cos2y- Ar2y2)dx * (cos2y- Zrsin2y- 2x}y)dy : g
Hence,solvethe equation.

tZ marks]

(b) Solvethe initial value problem,

zrfu-q-r*7,
I

aQ):a.

'*dr
V^
-

[7 marks]
(c) A body of mass,m Zkg is dropped with zero initial velocity a^ndencounters
an air resistanceequal to 2a. The Newton'ssecondlaw of motion becofnes
da

'

*i:mg-2u.

Taking g : 9.8ms-{ n"a an expressionfor the velocity of the body at any

time t.
,
[6 marks]
2.(a) Usethe method of variation of parametersto solvethe following nonhomogeneousequation

a,,_gy,*2g:#

[Tmarks]
(b) FbomKirchhoff's loop law,
&q,Rdq,
dtr-Tdt-

q
LC:

E(t)
L

where g is the chargeon the capacitor and the current i is i : *. Conside.

an RLC circuit connected.in serieswith a resistanceR of 4oh*{tu capacitor
11
c of
farad and an inductance L of.5 henv has an applied voltage E(ty:
u
fficosli. Assumingno initial current aid oo initial charge on the capacitor,
find an expressionfor the current flowing through the circuit at any time t.
[8 marks]

2543
ssE 1793/sSM
3.(a) Find the inverseLaplace transform for

F(s):d4F
[6 marks]
(b) Solvethe boundary value problem

:
:
:
# . t# * 2by (t2+ r)a(t z),u(o) o, u([) r.
[9 marks]
4.(a) Giventhat

f(t):[

o<t<1'

zr-r, t>L.
I "'

Expressthe above function as a unit step function. Then find the Laplace
transformof /(t).
[4 marks]
(b) Showthat
1l'r"
n-l[
-4t+6)
-e-'(t+3)'
r-r
t"'fu ]: rr"
[4 marks]
(c) Usethe resultsin (a) and (b) to find the solution of the following initial value
problem

y " + 2 u '+ u : f ( t ) , 9 ( 0 ): 0 , g ' ( 0 :) 1 ,

where/(t) is definedas in (a).

[7 marks]

5.(a) Considerthe function

f('):",

o.-t<t'

Sketchthe graph of f (r) in the interval of -3zr S c S 3a-for

(i) the zr periodicextensionof /(r),

[2 marks]

(ii) the odd2r periodic extensionof f (r),

[2 rnarks]

(iii) the even2r periodic extensionof.f(r).

[2 marks]

m:
TEKNOLOGIMALAYSIA
UNIVERSITI
FAKULTISAINS
FINALEXAMINATION
SEMESTERI SESSION2008/2009
CODE

SSE1793

SUBJECT

DIFFERENTIAL
EQUATIONS

LECTURER

DR.FARTDAH
MUSTApHI (COORDTNATOR)
PN. HALIJAHOSMAN
EN. ISMAILKHAMIS
PM. DR.KHAIRILANUARARSHAD
PROF. DR. MOHDNOR MOHAMAD
DR. NORMAHMAAN
DR.SHARIDANSHAFIE
DR.YEAK SU HOE
PM. DR;YUSOFYAACOB
TN. HJ. ZAKARIA DOLLA,H

COURSE

FKA/FKM/FKE/FKKKSA

DATE

11 NOVEMBER
2OO8

TIME

3 HOURS

INSTRUCTION

ANSWERALL QUESTIONS

(THISQUESTTON
PAPERCONSTSTS
OF 9 PRTNTED
PAGEStNcLUDtNG
FRONTPAGE)

SSE 1793
Answer all questions
1. (a) Solvethe initial value problem

(r- s) : y (tanr- 2),n(i) : t

H
(b) Byusingthesubstitutionsr: X *2 and y:Y,
equation
dy _V+r-2
y-r*2
dr

[5 marks]
showthat the

equation
can be reducedto a homogeneous
dY Y+X
dX:Y_X.
Hence, find the solutions to the homogeneousequation and the
original question.
17marksl
(c) Hormone secretion carl be modelled by
dg
,
/2trt\
dt:a-ocos\u)-Ea,

where t is time in houqs,gr(t) is the arnount of a certain hormone

models
in the blood, a is the averagesecretionrate, bcos (T)
the daily 24hr secretioncycle, and ky is the removal rate of the
hormonefrom the blood. Find the solution when a: b: k : I,
and g(0): 2'
[8 marks]

"

,rr rrru

2. (a) Use the method of undeterrninedcoefficientsto find the general

solution of
g" -2Y'*2Y:5sinr'
[7 marksJ
(b) Use the method of variations of parametersto find the general
solution of

s::-2y'*v: #

[8 marksJ
B (a) calculate L {et cosh2t + tcost}.
[a marksJ
(b) Use the convolutiontheoremto find

(11
L-L 1

t;GtrT/
[5 marks]

(c) Solve the following initial rm,lueproblem.

d,u

dJ
- \), s(o): 1'
* n : e-2tH(t
#

B marksJ

ssE 1793
4. (a) Evaluat
e L-L{"#r}
14marksJ

,
(

(b)EvaruateL-ltffi)
t5marksJ
(c) use the results obtainedin part (a) and (b)
to sorvethe following
boundary value problem
u" + 2g'* 2y : cost* 6(t -;)

w i t h g ( 0 ) : 0 a n dr ( ; ) : ?
[6 marksJ
5. Let
(q*

f(") :l::'-r<s(o
o*t 0<x<r
I

f(r) : f(*+?rr).
(a) sketch the graph of f (r) over the interval -Br (
r l

ztr.
[2 marksJ

(b) Showthat the Fourier seriesof

/(c) is

f(*) :*

* zf
Et

(-t)"a t
Tno

sinnr
cosnn-2
- ;.
n

":",

[10marksJ
(c) use the result in part (b) and choosean appropriatevalue
of r to
showthat
n2 1
1
1
I
8:tnB,*bo*
rr+g,+"'
[3 mar]s]

"

,rr rrn,

6. (a) Showthat
u( t,t) :

cos4fsin2e

is a solution to the equation

02u ,&u
- =
\tz
0*r'
[5 marks]

(b) Solvethe following Laplaceequation

&u
02u
Arr+ 6;i:0,

0<r<n,

0<A<n

subject to the boundary conditions:

,
I
r

u \ r , O )- T _ r ,
u(0,9):0,

u(r,r) :e,
0 < r <r
u(tr,g):g', o.i.n.
[1b marks]

Answer all Questions

Question 1
(a)

Consider the equation

(5x4 y 2 + 6x5 y 3 )dx + (2x5 y + 3x6 y 2 )dy = 0.
Show that the equation is exact, hence nd the solution.

(b)

[7 marks]

Using the substitution y 2 = z x, show that the equation

y3

dy
+ x + y2 = 0
dx

reduces to the homogeneous equation

dz
x+z
=
.
dx
xz
Solve the homogeneous equation and obtain the solution y for the
original equation.
[6 marks]
(c)

According to Newtons Law of cooling, the rate of change of the temperature T satises
dT
= k (T Ts ) ,
dt
where Ts is the ambient temperature, k a constant and t is time in
minutes. When object is placed in room with temperature 10 C, it
was found that the temperature of the object drops from 90 C to 30 C
in 30 minutes. Then determine the temperature of an object after 20
minutes.
[7 marks]

Question 2
(a)

Solve the dierential equation

y + y = sec t
with y(0) = 1 and y (0) = 1.

(b)

[8 marks]

The dierential equation

L

dI
1
+ RI + q = E(t)
dt
C

describes an electrical circuit with inductance L = 1H, resistance R =

20, capacitance C = 0.002F and is connected to an electromotive
force from a generator producing a voltage of E(t) = 12sin10t. Note
that q(t) is the charge in coulombs on the capacitor at time t, and
I(t) = dq
dt is the current in amperes at time t. If the initial charge and
current are both 0, nd the current and charge at time t. [7 marks]

2
Question 3
(a)

Let f (t) be a periodic function dened as follows:

0, 0 t < 1,
f (t) =
1, 1 t < 2,
f (t) = f (t + 2).
Find L{f (t)}.

(b)

[4 marks]

Using the convolution theorem, nd the function g(t) whose Laplace

Transform is the following
G(s) =

1
s2 (s2

+ 1)

.
[5 marks]

(c)

Solve the following initial value problem:

y 3y + 2y = t(t 2),
y(0) = 0, y (0) = 0.
[6 marks]

Question 4
Consider
g(t) =

0, 0 t < 4,
t 4,

et2 ,

(a)

Write g(t) in terms of unit step function. Hence nd L{g(t)}.

[4 marks]

(b)

Show that
L1 {

1
1
} = e2t (1 + 3e4t 4e3t ).
2
(s 1)(s 4)
12
[5 marks]

(c)

Using the result in part (a) and (b), solve the boundary value problem
d2 y
1
4y = g(t), y(0) = 0, y(4) = .
2
dt
2
[6 marks]

3
Question 5
A periodic function f (x) is dened by


0, x 0,
f (x) =
x, 0 x ,
f (x) = f (x + 2)
(a)

(b)

Sketch the graph of the function in the interval 3 < x < 3.

[2 marks]
Show that the Fourier series expansion of f (x) on the interval x
is given by
f (x) =

2  cos(2n 1)x (1)n+1 sinnx

].
[
+
4
(2n 1)2
n
n=1

[10 marks]
(c)

Using the result in part (b) and appropriate value of x, show that

2 
1
=
.
8
(2n 1)2
n=1

[3 marks]
Question 6
Consider the following wave equation
2u
2u
=
,
t2
x2

0 < x < 1,

t>0

u(1, t) = 0,

t>0

with boundary conditions

u(0, t) = 0,
and initial conditions
u(x, 0) = 10,

ut (x, 0) = 1,

0 < x < 1.

Find the solution u(x, t) using the method of separation of variables by

setting u(x, t) = X(x)T (t).
[20 marks]

ffiHHM
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FAKULTI SAINS
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTERI SESSION2OO9I2OTO
CODE

SSE 1793/SSM2543

SUBJECT

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

LECTURER

DR. FARIDAH MUSTAPHA

PROF.DR. MOHD NOR MOHAMAD
ASSOCPROF DR. YUSOFYAACOB
DR. NORMAH MAAN
DR. NORZIF.HA MUSTAPHA
DR. SHARIDAN SHAFIE
MRS. HALIJAH OSMAN
MR. IBRAHIM MOHD JAIS
MR. MAHAD AYEM
MRS. NUR ARINA BADILAH AZIZ
MR. TAUFIQ KHAIRI AHMAD KHAIRUDDIN
MR. ZAKARIA DOLLAH

COURSE

FKAJT'KM/T'KEIFKKKSA

DATE

3 NOVEMBER 2OO9

TIME

3 HOURS

INSTRUCTION:

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

(THIS QUESTTONPAPER CONSTSTSOF t0 PRTNTEDPAGES TNCLTJDINGTHIS PAGE)

SSE1793
Answer all questions
1. (a) Given the differential equation
(x - 2y)dr + (y - 2r)dy :9.
i. Show that the differential equation is exact. Hencesolvethe
differential equation by the method of exact equation.
[7 marks]

ii. Show that the differential equation is homogeneous.Hence,

solvethe differential equationby the method of homogeneous
equation.
[7 marks]
(b) The rate of disintegration of plutonium is given by

49: ku(t)
dt
where u(t) denotesthe amount of plutonium remaining at time t
and k is a constant. After 15 years, it is found that 0.043 % of
the initial amount us of.someplutonium has disintegrated.
i. Show that u(t) : u,oe-0'0o002867t.

[4 marks]
ii. If half-life is the correspondingtime t for which
"(q:ry,
find the half-life of the plutonium.
[2 marks]
\J

SSE 1793
(a) The current, 'i:

a simple electrical circuit is modeled

#of
accordingto Kirchhoff's SecondLaw by the differential equation
I
L, & q *, n^ d q *
dt,
d, cq:

-.
E(t)

where g is the chargein coulombs,-L is the inductancein henries,

R is the resistanceih ohms,c is the capacitancein faradsand E(tj
is the electromotiveforce in volts. Let g, L ard c be constants
suchthat R : 20, L : 5, C : 0.04and .E'(t): 6bcos2t.
i. Find q(t).
[6 marks]
ii. Determineq(t) as t + m.

[2 marks]

(b) Find the generalsolution for

U" + 3U'* 2Y : sin (e') .
[7 marks]
3. (a) Given
0<t<1
f(t):{"-"
( 0, t>I.
By using the definition of Laplacetransform, find ,C
{/(r)}.
[ marksJ
(b) Use Convolution theorem to find
ruru ft
a.

4
\
[
("rTt?/
I
[5 marks]

(c) Solvethe boundary value problem

a' - 3u : 6(t - 4) cosht, 9 (5) : 0.

[6 marks]

SSE 1793
4. (a) Given
g (t) :2lH( t - 1) - H( t - 4) 1.
Sketchthe graph of g(t).
[2 marks]
(b) Find /(t), given that the Laplacetransform of /(t) is
F'(s) :

s(s2+6s+5)'

15marks]

(c) Using F(s) from part (b), find u.'(t), given that the Laplacetransform of u(t) is
-i/

w(t):

e-"F(s) - e-a'F1s;.

[2 marks]

(d) The responsey(t) ot an undampedmass-springsystem to an ap

plied force 9(t) defined in (a) is governedby the following initial
value problem (IVP)

y"(t) + aa'(t)+ ;y(t) : s(t),

9 ( o ): 0 , g ' ( o :)3 '
Usingpartial resultsfrom parts (b) and (c), solvethe IVP for y(t).
10.
Showthat g(5) : !
[6 marks]
"-"sinh

SSE 1793
5. A periodic function /(r) is definedby

-;.".;

f(a):lsinrl,
f(r): f(r+r).

(a) Sketchthe graph of the function over the interval -3r I r < 3tr.
[3 marks]
(b) Show that the Fourier seriesexpansionof /(r) is given by
,.

{f\h \': ' - -7 r

46

t--=:

r7_t4nz-I

. cos2nx.
\/

[9 marks]
(c) Using the result in part (b) and appropriate value of r, find the
sum of the following series
1111
g' 15'35'63'

_r_I__r-r---r-_L...

'

1
4n2-r
[3 marks]

ssE 1793
6. (a) Given the PDE
02a ^0u
A":6
At'
By substitution show that the function
u(n, t) : Ae* sin (nt * mr) * Be-*

sin (nt - mr),

where A a.ndB are constants,is the solution of the equation , if

m2 : 4n. Hence find a solution bounded on r ) 0 given that
u(o,t):2sint.
[5 marks]
(b) A square plate is bounded by r : 0, tr : a, U : 0, and a : a.
Apply the Laplace'sequation
0?u

02u

orr+ ayz:tl
to determinethe potential distribution u(r,gr) over the plate, sub
ject to the following boundary conditions
u(0,y):0,

u(a,g):g,

u ( r , 0 ) : Q , u ( r , a ) : u o ( s i nT + 2 1 6 2 1 ) ,
o
a /'
\

g<y<a
0 ( t 1a,

where us is a constant. Also show that the temperature at the

centre of the plate is
,gtg
i
sinh zr
[15 marks]

IHHM
I]NIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FAKULTI SAINS

FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER II SESSION2OO9/2OIO

CODE

SSE1793

STJB.IECT

DTTIFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

LECTT]RER

PROF. DR. MOHD NOR MOHAMAD (C)

ASSOC.PROF. DR. ABDULLAH TAHIR OTHMAN
ASSOC.PROF. DR. JAMALTJDDIN TALIB
MR. IBRAHIM JAIS
MR WAI\ ROHAIZAD WAN IBRAIIIM
DR. ANATI ALI
DR. FARIDAH MUSTAPHA
DR. NORMAII MAAN
DR NORZIEIIA MUSTAPIH
DR. NOR MT]HAIMAII MOHD ALI
DR. ZAITTJL MARLIZAWATI ZAII\T]DDIN
MRS. HALIJAH OSMAN
MRS. NUR ARINA BAZILAH AZYL

COTJRSE

FKA/T'KE/TT(KKSA/FKM

DATE

13 APRIL 2O1O

TIME

3 HOURS

INSTRUCTION

ANSWER ALL QT'ESTIONS

ALL NECESSARY WORKING SHOTJLDBE
SHOWI\ CLEARLY

(THISQUESTTONPAPERCONSISTS
PAGESINCLUDINGTHIS PAGE)
OF 9 PRTNTED

Answer AII
1. (a) Sobe
the

ssE 1793

euestions

differentialequation

,"'

- tG -2ur):0,

y0):0.

(b) Strowthat
if z : ltu,the
nonlinert diffbrential
equation
du
(3e+
"E*
lyln!:s_Ba,
can be transformed
to the equation

[5 marks]

dz

Hence,
sorvethe *,*,,;I;:"

(c) Showthat

+ 1)z: s-34'

F marks]
the equation

(u+*t-

isexactHence,;:j
,; ,|]1:::

(, + 2"o,(x_ 2y)
* ')ds : s,
[8 marks]

(a) use the

method

of raariationof
parametersto
sorve

# . n# * 4y: "-z'v,T'--*.
[8 marksl

ssE 1793
(b) A cantilever bea^mof length / has one end (" : 0) horizontally
imbedded in concrete and the other end (c : /) supported and
subjected to end thrust P. The deflection satisfiesthe equation

#.a2a:ffv-d,
wherea,.R and P areconstants.Showthat the deflectioncurve is given
by
R (sinax
\

u:;(Y-lcosar*t-r),

and also
a(,: tanaL.
[7 marks]
3. (u) L* /(t) be a tunction afi L{f (t)} : F("). By definirion,showthat,
if a is a constant.then
L {e " tf ( t) } : F( s - a) , s > a.
Use this result to find
L {e-at ts1'
[5 marks]
(b) Considen

(
g(t):{

tr, o<t<1,
O, r1t1r,
cos2t,
t2n.
l.

Expressg(t) in terms of unit step function. Hence,find the Laplace

transformof 9(t).
[5 marks]

ssE L793
5. Periodic function /(") ir defined by
-r3r<-r,

f(x):x2,

f(x):f(r+h;r).
(a) Sketchthe graph of.f(r) over the interval -Zn I x I 4tr.
[3 marks]
(b) Determine the Fourier seriesexpansionof /(r).
[9 marks]
(c) use the Fourier seriesexpansionobtained in (b) to shorpthat
r2-1111
_ : l _ _ +J - _ r . - .'
'
'32
12
22
42'52
[3 marks]

6. (a) Show that u(a,y) :

diffenential equation

cosogris a solution to the following partial

o&u
oFu
,-M_a-6i:o.
[ marks]
(b) Given the follon'ing wave equation

8u ^&u
E;--e;;,

0<c<3,

t>0

with boundary conditions

Btt.

fut

Ar@,t):0,
a,ndinitial conditions
- u(r,0) :

:0,
ar@,t)
r,

t>0

0<c<3

'fr{r,o): o, ocr<3.
Find u(c, t) by using the method of separationof variables.
[16 marks]

ssE 1793
(c) One of the property of inverse Laplace transform is

L-{+}:-tf(t),
tdsJ

wheref (t): C-l{F(s)}. Usethis propertyto compure

r, {n(s'z+ t\ \

r \m/J

marks]

4. (a) By using convolution theorem, show that

c-t

(t)r

(tit' 16: 2t 2tcos2t)

t fu|:

[6 marksJ
(b) Use the result in (a) to solvethe boundary value problem

ffi + 4y: f (t),

s(o): 1 anda(in): r,

where

f (t): { ""rJ;o=rr}Ti.
[9 marksJ

N o . K a dP e n g e n a l a n . . . , , . . . . . . . . ,

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

N o .S o a l a n . . . . . . .

r@

><Ct-2.4t):O

X
| -aqz

- e-x

= - Xe-x

- l- ln (t-o)

= - e-' -e-r

+ A

+A

,A1= 2e

-J- \rft*2.42\

=-xe

-e

+7e

3=- Xe-^ -e- ^+ o:+3b8

s"fl"3z
Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

M u k as u r a t . . . . . .

r@

Z=\n{

Az
dx

t d,9
3d^

(wl\

-Zx

xq45

+Cex+l)qz=e

(w,

d,A
-qr(

X dZ
AA

+ (Zx+r)/

= e

-B

&+/z+l\z:
\

d*

xr

Crq +!r-l
'\/ x

p = C--'

=a

zx l",x

= X

zx

f il tt

U-/ \

J
q.Y

:z)a

-r-r
AXI-

tsX

7 = e

-9"X

\_/

X +K
-7x

-+- Ke

-3x

c",.

\"')

-3X

-3X

\'ntl = e

+Ke

/\

I.-.

\v

h-

..**"I3"
'-,Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

t@

M : g +x

Cos(x-Zg)

N=

x+2coscx-zg)

AM

a9

+5

I - zs\n(x-z9

6;'t

lr,,
TN
ax

t-2S\nCx-zS)
- ON
al

"M
ag

p;Xact

..5

A)

DU:u-FX=-cos(x^49)

ax

bi

^^^@

+5

?_U G x+aec>sCx-ag)

g1'\\tr ss

a5

\n tQ3 car@ (1) t,0'r't

(,f: X9 + eX

?U = x

-S\n

(X-2J

+ 2 cosCx-2;l)

) t ?Ly)

((t )

+H

cu

aq

ldt

X + 2Coe Cx-2J)

dp

.is

s D =)

U = Xr\ + +X

+ 5

e= Ey+K

- sinCx-zJ

) +59+ K- C

x\4 + 5x3 -sin (x*2\4 ) + 5 g -

k, ,

A
x

JI

"'*t3ot
M u k as u r a l . . . , . ,

2@

,at,+4v'+4u=e

Jl'-x

W)'r-+41^n+4-O
Yln^ ^2rl

--zx
+ B-xe

:a

9,^ s Ae
^9

U, = e

U^ = *d^
e-2x

Vy'= f
=

X E.}A

-aXl

^o-

-2e

e^^^-

-zx (e^-'

U=-

^ /

n
\XJI-x
3

L '

li

dx

-\ J

-*-LA

\.4-

\c-

-J

]r-;)

-*4-xr

(.r/\q.

2xe

(1'l

3^#

I Y.a

V=

6,)

(rl

\'

5
_2.X r

J t-^

( e^an

.r

/ lx

r_x- dx
{

7t
Jt )

Jangantulisapaapadi kedua-dua
belahgarisan

Jangan
tulisapaapadi keduadua
belahgarisan

M u k as u r a t . . , . . .

v
- 2. (t*xl

= 2-(r -Xl'z.---Ln

l-X

Th<

q<nqc

= Ae.

xa

\,(

+ Bxa
2 (t-Xl

-Lfl^Xl

2( -

s"I'32
''
N o . K a dP e n g e n a l a n , , , , . , . . . . , . . ,

Mukasurat.....,

N o .S o a l a n . . . . . . .

+4v :-o
=-Q

+a
fi"l =

+ LO

taSio

Gsa-*

m)c+n

/-

rn

'n

'

r)^'/: o
Yn)C4-n

rc'

aT

Cl fn

=A

= -A

rn:
)c" '.

a-Y1

at

o0. g\.rhbn
+

ctx +ba\oa,x

-Kx

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

.".-i3z ,

ag.".t

N o .K a d P e n g e n a l a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

tl

J,J

f \'to t'tl

,anls

(*L4

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

N o .S o a l a n , , . . , . .

tzt(o)>O

\_/

V/CO)>o

ufo)=cfa
\$
r.f

o:

ACt) iBto

f{LY -i- Kt

Y
Pl =-

,t"
\.t) ( \

/\
( tttt

R.L

\--l

/
i1
I

tl

U / (r) =-Aagi oa:c * ba&s

6plL

u/(o)=o,+

rJ

O =-Aa[o) +Sa C\) - R

?
+$:R
?,a
llr1ean4o1n

,qQc)- - Kt Cosa.x+Ii

*=O
U

*>L +lL),

, }$e-tn

X-C.so{- -JL t-t-

O = K /si o a!+t^p-h

?\

Pt

-{.Ccsar.

=R/S\nex

Wh<{o ir=-L,

gio a)< - Rai *r Rt

S\n a{

- !- Cosa.{

i,) (r'

:-O

A-Q_ e

tan

qJ,,,L

"1

z-4

"o"l3ot
"

Mukasurat......

-st

s@

g--ct)

s-q

s+ 4)

+'{S

S7q,

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

9YV t1a>

&tv.-Ji-

'

s"I"3,%

LEJ

N o . K a dP e n g e n a l a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

M u k as u r a t . . . . . .

N o .S o a l a n . . . . . . .

o<+.< |

3@

<t <17

cos2t

\-/1

os 2Lt-ft

-t)

o
s

e,
t',

\f/

,,hd'/J

+t

s'l3z
""

M u k as u r a t . . . . . .

7@
=lvr(S
z+)

lCost
=

2Cos3{

2Cos3t

- ?-cos 3-t
Lc-os6

?cos

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

"o"I3'u
N o .K a d P e n g e n a l a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N o .S o a l a n . , , . . . .

4@

FCsl =
so++

(,

6t

M u k as u r a t , . . . . .

GCs)=

'

s^+4

Ct)= f sio2tt

a Ct)= isin1

Cu): ! sin 2u n

qC+-uJ =

@
rry)5,1i'

Sj qf

sin2U

u'

jSic

2('t-u

sinzCt^u

4Ja

cos (+u-*t) - cos

4Jo

@p,
sin 7+ _ t, Cos 1

0)
g'to 2+ - 2t

cos 2

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

s"l'3r,

''"9J
Jangantulisapaapa di keduadua
belahgarisan

4@

o <L<n

( s'in 2L ,

Lt) :

t- ,7 |

lJ1

T"r,

= Sinzt

- Sl\o2+ HLt^TlJ

=Sin ?t-

Sin aCt^tI ) ft LC-I] ,)

Lr/\ =-

,J-

ra-rls

,)\

= 4'tt,)
e

rr., 1

= J- t 5 ." , J

f_\.l.,1 ++vl

-srjCo)-.tl 'Co) +

&,

( \

\s" +4 /

5-+4

ul' + 4vl

s-\

Yt,t

(Vt

--

41

s+4

'Ju.V s'uiuv^

, q(hn)-t

u(o)_l

4e

L=*

-tr

q/co)^CI(
- Tis

-t-T

s-+4

-TtS
\l

s^+4

1-+4
-Trq

2
/<2+ A\2

2A
[ s-+4\-

la K\Ne1 The \,^V(s,

s f

-'' + 4

J"I3o"
""-,
N o . K a dP e n g e n a l a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mukasurat,..,..

N o .S o a l a n . . . . . , .

= ? (s'im 2t - 2t Cos2

\L
=jn e Ct*\i

l6
+ Cos at

+ J- X S'lvl ?

=l

-+

o
\6

+ o + +d, (l
->

d:=12-

d-

6
t) : .1 (sn2t

- at

CosT

-t- \ /s'rn2Ct-ttl-a[{^n

)Cos(t^Tl

t(;

Cas L

-F- I

sin a
6

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

"""13"

j,gj

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

M u k as u r a t . . . . , .

5@
-sn -an -n o

'IT

21T

9n

4\

pl-hn

is

X):X

e\an

afi

TT

rJ c>

= L-Trz
Jo

TT L,3

'X Cos nX',\X

i\

T-. .-)o
:2i-

u- cos nxt\Y

x-tsinnx
f\

*2XCosn>1
n2
Io'1,t F ^&

\r

n2-

*2

n
'u1
R,,

s"l'32
Mukasurat..,...

t?O \s a.trr evqn

n:c).

Dir -'\ tc''a,.

k{\.S

f6,.,trtcv-

CK):

5Q"

- 5 A" +
Co^s n
3

n2I

s)
3
'T\7

-I

+-l- - -L
3

42-

"(

Jangantulisapaapa di keduadua
belahgarisan

u,Vror*
"grrAN

C'rr?

Mukasurat.....,

c@)
Ur=

-U

9\nxq.

tj.,=-XSinx

/,'Cos 6

= O'

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

"o"13'u

Lgj

N o . K a dP e n g e n a l a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

M u k as u r a t . , . , . .

N o .S o a l a n . . . . . . .

6@

rc't) > X(*

\/

T,,

l-:/\:=

-l

x" = ^

jr )
I

6|ns;

i\,.xd Ad

x L0 r

=O

3,+) =O -

X
X (.:)=Q

3)=o'

:o

(r

XCz.) = ax
Y'

a
--

a =-o

A*L br\l

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

s"I',3z
Jangantulisapaapadi kedua-dua
belahgarisan

M u k as u r a t . . . . , .

ACo s tA 2c

t'@) :

- AtN Clo dA>c

X-CT*

L((7 ) :o

rg

O=

Srn3i^3.=

( : !-IX"[x

O=\ 12,br^,

) : An coS

t)=

os 3blt

O:ot\,,213,

+ F Siv-r3t{

><rO):Q
-s\

o):
\n 3 t\)

O =-3w

3qJ

s"l'3r,
'-'"
Jang'antulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

M u k as u r a t . . , . . .

Cos

t)=

3 tN

bn Cos 3

= X., t-)
11_[:r-1t)

I ...,

r'$ t
3

vr\I

t/lTr{

1,) :
ur(r,

co +

,/

\7

s'I"3'%
M u k as u r a t , . . . . .

l), (*/o)

?c=

=- f,-

{ (2

a
\Nv\ev
2J

3 Jo

nft-

lTz L

)s z
u L"cr*_

tlt z-

er^JL

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan

""o"l3ou
""-,
N o .K a d P e n g e n a l a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M u k as u r a t . , . . . .

N o .S o a l a n , . . . . . .

t^[arffo.*fi

Jangantulisapaapa di kedua-dua
belahgarisan