Chapter 13 Assessment: Gases

Reviewing Vocabulary
Match the definition in Column A with the term in Column B.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

7.
8.

Column A
Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and
pressure contain equal numbers of particles.
One mole of any gas will occupy a volume of 22.4 L at
STP.
R represents the relationship among pressure, volume,
temperature, and number of moles of gas present.
Temperature, pressure, and volume are related for a fixed
amount of gas.
The physical behavior of an ideal gas can be expressed in
terms of the pressure, volume, temperature, and number
of moles of gas present.
The pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with
the kelvin temperature when the volume remains
constant.
The volume of a given amount of gas held at a constant
temperature varies inversely with the pressure.
The volume of a given mass of gas is directly
proportional to its kelvin temperature at constant
pressure.

Column B
a. Avogadros principle
b. Boyles law
c. Charless law
d. combined gas law
e. Gay-Lussacs law
f. ideal gas constant
g. ideal gas law
h. molar volume

Answer the following question.

9. Explain why R can have different numerical values.
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Chapter Assessment

Name _____________________________________________

Date ____________________

Class ____________________

13

Understanding Main Ideas (Part A)

Fill in the following table with one of these terms: increases, decreases, stays the same. Each term
may be used more than once. Assume the amount of gas is constant.
Volume

Pressure

increases

stays the same

increases

Temperature
1.
stays the same

2.

stays the same

increases

3.

4.

increases

stays the same

5.

stays the same

increases

stays the same

decreases
decreases

increases

6.
stays the same

7.
stays the same

8.

stays the same

decreases

9.

increases

decreases

10.

stays the same

12.

decreases

11.
stays the same

decreases

Circle the letter of the choice that best answers the question.
13.

What volume will one mole of a gas occupy under standard temperature and pressure?
a. 1 L
b. 22.4 L
c. 273 L
d. 293 L

14.

What information is NOT given by the coefficients in a balanced chemical equation?

a. the mass ratios of reactants and products
b. the mole ratios of reactants and products
c. the ratios of number of molecules of reactants and products
d. the volume ratios of gaseous reactants and products

15.

What variable is mentioned in the ideal gas law that is assumed to be constant in the other gas laws?
a. number of moles
b. pressure
c. temperature
d. volume

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Chapter Assessment

Name _____________________________________________

Date ____________________

Class ____________________

13

Understanding Main Ideas (Part B)

Each of the following examples gives a change in volume, temperature, amount, or pressure of a gas
sample. Indicate whether the other variable mentioned would increase or decrease as a result. If a
variable is not mentioned, assume it is constant.
1. Additional gas is added to a soccer ball. The pressure ___________________________.
2. An inflated balloon is placed in a refrigerator. The volume _________________________.
3. A piston in an engine compresses the gas into a smaller volume. The
pressure ___________________________.
4. Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) is sealed in a plastic bag. As the temperature increases, the amount of gas present in
the bag ___________________________.
5. Compressed air in scuba tanks cools off as a diver swims at deeper levels. The pressure in the tanks
___________________________.
6. The volume of an inflated balloon increases when the amount of gas in the
balloon ___________________________.
7. A person sits on an air mattress. The pressure ___________________________.
Solve each of the following problems. Show your work.
8. The volume and amount of gas are constant in a tire. The initial pressure and temperature are 1.82 atm and 293 K.
At what temperature will the gas in the tire have a pressure of 2.35 atm?

0.0821 L atm
9. What is the volume of 2.3 mol Cl2 at 290 K and 0.89 atm? R

mol K

10. An inflated balloon is left outside overnight. Initially, it has a volume of 1.74 L when the temperature is 20.2C and
the pressure is 1.02 atm. At what temperature will the balloon have a volume of 1.56 L if the pressure falls to 0.980
atm?

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Chapter Assessment

Name _____________________________________________

Date ____________________

Class ____________________

13

Applying Scientific Methods

Elemental nitrogen (N2) makes up approximately 79 percent of the air. Nitrogen is essential to life, but
plants cannot use it in its elemental form. In nature, lightning and bacteria in the soil and roots of certain
plants convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen-containing compounds that plants can use. However,
due to the amount of agricultural crops planted, natural methods of converting atmospheric nitrogen do
not provide all the nitrogen compounds needed by the growing plants. For this reason, chemical fertilizers
are sprayed over the soil, supplying nitrogen compounds.
Ammonia (NH3) gas is a component in the manufacturing of fertilizers. One method used to prepare
the ammonia is called the Haber process. Fritz Haber first developed this process, which produces
ammonia from elemental nitrogen and hydrogen gases. The following diagram summarizes the Haber
process.

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Chapter Assessment

Name _____________________________________________

Date ____________________

Class ____________________

13

Applying Scientific Methods, continued

Use what you know about gases and the Haber process to answer the following questions. Show
your work.
1. Write a balanced chemical equation for the chemical reaction that occurs in the Haber process. Show the state of each
reactant and product.
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2. Heated nitrogen and hydrogen gases are reduced in volume in the compressor. What effect do these changes in
temperature and volume have on the pressure of the gases?
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3. Ammonia is a real gas. What will happen to it if the pressure continues to be increased and the temperature continues
to be decreased?
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4. What volume of ammonia gas will be produced from 2400 L of hydrogen gas at the same temperature and pressure?

5. The Haber process occurs at a pressure of approximately 800.0 atm and a temperature of 400.0C. Assume a gas
sample occupies 25.0 L at these conditions. What volume will the sample occupy at STP?

6. If 126 L of ammonia is produced at 800.0 atm and 400.0C in the Haber process, what mass of hydrogen was used in
the reaction?

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Chapter Assessment