3

-

-

-
10 5
1 5 46
- a,i,u,e,o
5 a
, i ,
u ,e
- kk-


- s-,shs- sh-

si
shi
- t-,ch-,ts-

t-

ch-

ts-


ti- tu chi
tsu
- h- fh- u fu


- m-,n
- r
- w a

- yy- a,u,o
ya,yu,yo
- n
n

-[daku-on] [handaku-on]
46 seion sei-on daku-on()

 ga,za,da,ba handaku-on (
)
pa
- g
g-good


- z z

s
- j

sh-

- d di- du- ji
zu
- b-,pb- p-
-
2( i)
,

ki,gi,shi,ji,chi,ni,hi,bi,pi,mi,ri ya,yu,yo

-


()(
)
1)
a,i.u,e,o
aa,ii,uu,ei,ou
1 2
ei oo ee,oo
2 to-ke-i.()
3,to-o-ke-i.()4
2)
(n)
kk-,-ss-,-ssh-,
-tt-,-tch-,-pp- 2 -k,-s,-t,-p
1
3) n
n 3

) m,p,b e-n-pi-tsu
()4
)
n,t,d,j,s ho-n-too() 4

) k,g,h,y,w gi-nko-o ()4

kita ki
ta

i.u. k-,s-,sh-,ts-,ch-,h-,

()
()

Ka

()

Ki

()

()

Ku

()

()

Ke

Ko

()

()

Shi

()

Ta

()

Chi

()

Na

()

Ni

( )

Ha

()

Hi

()

Ma

()

Mi

()

Ya

()

Ra

()

Wa

()

()

Ri

()

()

Se

()

So

()

()

Te

()

To

()

()

Ne

( )

()

He

()

Ho

()

()

Mo

()

Yo

()

Ro

()

()

Su
Tsu

Nu
Hu

()

Sa

()

Mu

()

Yu

()

Ru

()

Me

Re

()

No

( )

Ga

Go()

Gi

()

Gu

()

Ji

()

Zu()

Ze

Ji

()

Zu

()

De

Bi

()

Bu

()

Be

Pi

()

Pu

()

Pe

Za

Da

()

Ba

()

Pa

()

()

Ge()

()

()

()

()

()

Zo

()

Do

()

Bo

()

Po

()

::
::
1. 10 5
1 5 ( wi we ) 46
2. 5 a i u e o
- a
- i
- u
- e
- o
3. k
- k

4. s,sh
- s
- sh

- si shi
5. t,ch,ts
- t


- ch

- ts

- ti tu chi tsu

6. h f
- h
- u fu
f
7. m,n
- m
- n
8. r
- r
9. w
- w
a
10. y
- y a,u,o ya,yu,yo
11. n
12. -


kita ki
ta

1)

1) )

Ohayoo gozaimasu.()

10.00 .

Ohayoo
2) ) Konnichiwa.()

3) ) Konbanwa.()

4) ) Oyasuminasai.()

5) ) Sayoonara ()

Mata aimashoo.
)O-genki desu ka.(/) genki


o-genki desu ka. genki
desu. o o

)Arigatoo gozaimasu.(/)
doomo()
doomo arigatoo gozaimasu.

doomo arigatoo
arigatoo
doomo
arigatoo sumimasen()

) (Iie)doo itashimashite ( /)



2 kamaimasen daijoobu desu

)sumimasen,gomennasai (/) sumimasen

gomennasai

2)
(


)
)hajimemashoo ()
mashoo
....
)Yasumimashoo ()

)Owarimashoo ()

Ka
Hai, /

Chotto matte kudasai. ()
)wakarimashita ka (/)

Wakarimashita ka. /
-Hai,wakarimashita. /
-Iie,wakarimasen.

)Moo ichido(itte kudasai) ()

moo ichido()
Moo ichido yukkuri

(itte kudasai) ()
)Issho ni doozo (,)

)Kekkoo desu ii desu

kekkoo desu ii desu
chigaimasu
Iie,kekkoo desu. /

3.
0 zero,rei
1 ichi
2 ni
3 san
4 shi,yon
5 go
6 roku
7 shichi,nana
8 hachi
9 kyuu,ku
10 juu
11 10,100,1000,10000

14 juu-shi,juu-yon
nanajuu,shichijuu
17 juu-shichi,juu-nana
19 juu-kyuu,juu-ku
yon
24 nijuu-shi,nijuu-yon
kyuu
27 nijuu-shichi,nijuu-nana
sanbyaku
29 nijuu-kyuu,nijuu-ku
yonhyaku
40 yonjuu
roppyaku
750 nanahyaku-gojuu
happyaku
3000 sanzen
yonsen
8000 hassen
ichiman
1000000 hyakuman

70
90 kyuujuu
104 hyaku109 hyaku300
400
600
800
4000
10000

1.

1.


*watashi

boku

)
atashi

*watashi-tachi

boku-tachi

ware-ware

*anata

kimi

Anata-tachi
*anata-gata

( )

*minna

*mina san

kimi-tachi

*kare
3

*kanojo

*kono hito

)
*sono hito

*ano hito

(
)
*kono kata

)
*sono kata

(
)
*ano kata

(
)

Karera
Sono hito-tachi

Ano kata-gata

*dare

*donata

( dare)

2).wadesu. (... /..../)

wadewa arimasen. (....../)
)wa

 joshi



Wa

...wa desu

wa


)desu dewa arimasen

desu Verb to be
/
dewa arimasen desu
jaa ( ja ) arimasen
Watashi wa Tai-jin desu.

Kare wa nihon-jin desu.

Watashi wa nihon-jin dewa arimasen.

Kare wa tai-jin jaa arimasen.

3)..desu ka.(.../) ,..dewa arimasen ka. (...

/)
ka

4)Hai(/) Iie(/)
Hai
Iie Hai Iie
Hai /
Iie / /
Anata wa nihon-jin desu ka?

-Hai,watashi wa nihon-jin desu.
/ /

-Iie,watashi wa nihon-jin dewa arimasen.
/ /

5)

watashi anata
Anata wa sensei desu ka?
/
-Hai,sensei desu.
/

6)soo desu. Soo dewa arimasen. Chigaimasu.

Soo
soo desu
/
soo dewa arimasen soo desu.
/ chigaimasu.


soo desu. Soo dewa arimasen.
Chigaimasu. Hai Iie

Anata wa sensei desu ka?

-[hai] soo desu.

-[iie,] soo dewa arimasen.

/
/

-[iie,] chigaimasu.

7).....mo (...)

mo
.../...

Watashi wa gakusei desu.

Ano hito mo gakusei desu.

8)-san (.....)
...

Tanaka
Hiroshi
san Tanaka-san


-san
kun

chan

sensei

Yamada-shachoo[shachoo ]
9)desu ka,.desu ka. (........../)


..desu ka,.desu ka.
hai iie

Iie
Anata wa nihon-jin desu ka,tai-jin desu ka?

/
-[watashi wa] Tai-jin desu.
(/
) /
-Iie,[watashi wa] chuugoku-jin desu.
/(/
)

10)nan-sai / o-ikutsu ()
sai -
nan-sai /
ikutsu o

11
sai
sai
20 Hatachi
is-sai

1 /

ni-sai

2 /

san-sai

3 /

yon-sai

4 /

go-sai

5 /

roku-sai

6 /

nana-sai

7 /

has-sai

8 /

kyuu-sai
jus-sai,jis-sai

9 /
10 /

[Anata wa] O-ikutsu desu ka.

/
-[watashi wa] ni-juu-is-sai desu.

(/
)

21 /
-[watashi wa] ni-juu-ichi desu.

(/
)

21 /

watashi

watashi-tachi

anata

anata-gata

kare

kanojo

kono hito

sono hito

ano hito

minasan

-san

.....

dare/donata

hai

, /

iie

chigaimasu

soo

soo desu

.mo..

..........

watashi mo.

/
.......

sensei

gakusei

/ /

kaishain

ryuugakusei

kenshuusei

hito

-jin

....../ ......

Nihon-jin

Tai-jin

Chuugoku-jin

Indo-jin

Nani-jin

Hajimemashite doozo
yoroshiku
[onegaishimasu]
Kochira koso doozo
yoroshiku
[onegaishimasu]
-sai

o-ikutsu/ nansai

()/

soo dewa arimasen

/
/

1.

1. kore( ), sore (), are ( ),kore- (- ),

sono- (-), ano- (-)

kore,sore,are
kore ,

sore kore

are

A: Kore wa nan desu ka.

B:-Sore wa hon desu.

A:Sore wa tokei desu ka.

B:-Hai,sore wa tokei desu.

A:
B:-
A:
B:-

A:

A:Are wa pen desu ka.

B:-Iie,are wa pen dewa arimasen,enpitsu desu.

B:-

kono,sono,ano

,,

kono hon (
)

Sono pen (),ano enpitsu ()

2.

2. no

no

no 2

(1.) (1.)

Watashi no hon

Anata no sensei

Wattana-san no tsukue

Koibito no namae

Kaisha no jidoosha
Sensei no nihongo
()

Tomodachi no gakkoo

(2.) (2.)

Jidoosha no kaisha

(,

Nihon-go no sensei

()

Gakkoo no tomodachi

no

Watashi no tomodachi no sensei

Kare no tomodachi no koibito no namae

3.

3. dare no (...), nan no .(....

/)

dare no. no (1.)

2. dare no

nan no no (2.)

Dare no koibito

Dare no pen

Nan no hon

()

Nan no kaisha

)
Nan no gakkoo

(//
()

Nan no hako

()

Nan no zasshi

()

4.

4. watashi no desu. (/
)

no
no

Kore wa dare no jisho desu ka.

-sore wa watashi no (jisho) desu.

() /

Sore wa dare no desu ka.

-Watanabe-san no desu.

no

Are wa nan no koojoo desu ka.

-Kagaku no koojoo desu.

5.

5. kore,sore,are kono,sono,ano

( 1
)

Kore wa watashi no kaban desu.

Kono kaban wa watashi no desu.

Sore wa dare no tokei desu ka.

Sono tokei wa dare no desu ka.

Are wa kaisha no jidoosha desu.

Ano jidoosha wa kaisha no desu.

6.

6. dore (), dono(...)

dore dono

....
dono hon (), dono hito ()
Anata no kaban wa dore desu ka.

-Kore desu.
Anata no kaban wa dono kaban desu ka.

-Kono kaban desu.

7.

7.

Tai desu.,Tai-denki desu. kuni
(),kaisha (
)
Watashi no kaisha wa Tai-denki desu.

/

Watashi no kuni wa Tai desu.

/
()

8.

8. nani-go () nani-jin (

-go

Nihon-go (), Ei-go (

)

hito jin jin

Tai-jin (),Nihon-jin ()

9.

9. nan-ban ()

Anata no kaisha no denwa-bangoo wa nan-ban desu ka.

-Ni-go-hachi-ni-roku-kyuu-zero desu.

258-2690 /

10.ikura / o-ikura desu ka.()

o ikura

gojuu-baatsu (50 ) , sanbyaku-rokujuu-en (360

)

/SPAN>
/
SPAN>

/SPAN>

Nihon
Tai
Chuugoku
Choosen
Kankoku

Nihon-jin
Tai-jin
Chuugoku-jin
Choosen-jin
Kankoku-jin

Nihon-go
Tai-go
Chuugoku-go
Choosen-go
Kankoku-go

Firipin

Firipin-jin

Firipin-go

Betonamu
Raosu
Kanbojia
Mareeshia
Indoneshia
Shingapoor
u
Myanmaa
Indo
Pakisutan
Roshia

Betonamu-jin
Raosu-jin
Kanbojia-jin
Mareeshia-jin
Indoneshia-jin
Shingapoorujin
Myanmaa-jin
Indo-jin
Pakisutan-jin
Roshia-jin

Betonamu-go
Raosu-go
Kanbojia-go
Mareeshia-go
Indoneshia-go
Shingapoorugo
Myanmaa-go
Indo-go
Pakisutan-go
Roshia-go

Doitsu
Furansu
Supein
Igirisu
Amerika

Doitsu-jin
Furansu-jin
Supein-jin
Igirisu-jin
Amerika-jin

Oosutoraria Oosutorariajin

Doitsu-go
Furansu-go
Supein-go
Igirisu-go
Amerika-go
Oosutorariago

.. ...

1. koko,soko,asoko ( , )
koko,soko,asoko
kore,sore,are kono, sono, ano

koko wa toshoshitsu desu.

Soko wa jimusho desu.

Toire wa asoko desu.

Soko no denwa-bangoo wa nan-ban desu ka.

2. kochira,sochira,achira ( ,)
kochira

kore( )
koko( kono hito ( kochira )
sochira


sore (),

soko () sono hito () sochira )

achira
are ( ),asoko ( ) ano hito ()
kochira no/sochira no/achira no +
kono/sono/ano +
Sochira wa shokudoo desu.
Kochira(=kore) wa sanjuu baatsu desu. 30

Moshi moshi, kochira (=koko) wa taishikan desu.

Kochira (=kono hito) wa Taishikan no Tanaka-san
desu.
Sochira no shatsu (=sono shatsu) wa o-ikura desu ka.

Achira no kata (=ano kata) no o-namae wa nan desu

ka.
kochira, sochira

Kochira (=watashi) wa suzuki desu.

Sochira (=anata) no denwa-bangoo wa nan-ban desu
ka.


Kotchi,sotchi,atchi kochira, sochira ,achira
3. doko (), dochira/dotchi ()
doko dochira


doko dare

Koko wa doko desu ka.

/

-Koko wa Sukumubitto no Soi 22 desu.

22

Uketsuke wa dochira [=doko] desu ka.

-Uketsuke wa achira desu

Anata no kaban wa dochira [=dore] desu ka.

-Kochira desu.

Anata wa dochira-sama [=dare] desu ka.

-Sutin desu.

doko dochira
/

Anata no kaisha wa doko/dochira desu ka.

-Tookyoo-kikai desu.

Rii-san no o-kuni wa doko/dochira desu ka.

()
-Singapooru desu

nan ()
doko nan

 doko
Koko wa doko desu ka.

-Koko wa shiifa desu.

Koko wa nan desu ka.

-Koko wa tairyoori-ya desu

4. nan no,dare no /dochira no

nan () ,dare (
),doko/dochira (, )

no
Kare wa nan no sensei desu ka.

)
-Nihon-go no sensei desu.

)
Kare wa dare no sensei desu ka.

-Watashi no sensei desu.

Kare wa doko/dochira no sensei desu ka.

)
-Tookyoo-daigaku no sensei desu.

Masaki-san wa doko desu ka?

-Masaki-san wa jimusho desu.

desu /

 desu
desu
imasu() Masaki-san
jimusho jimusho